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![Page 1: Alapan Arnab DNA Group Computer Science UCT Extending ODRL to Enable Bi-Directional Communication Alapan Arnab Andrew Hutchison.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa71a28abf838c98e97/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Alapan ArnabDNA GroupComputer ScienceUCT
Extending ODRL to Enable Bi-Directional Communication
Alapan ArnabAndrew Hutchison
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Agenda
Introduction Design Motivations Extensions Example
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Introduction
RELs essentially allow for the expression of contract terms
All current RELs have a an uni-directional expression from rights holder to the end user
Thus, this does not allow for the full power that is achieved through a negotiated process
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RMS Example
Tom creates a document for Jill and protects it with RMS Can only be read and edited by Jill Time limit of a week
If Jill requires an extension, Tom needs to rewrite the rules Resend the protected document back to Jill
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“the assumption of a one-way expression of rights has in part led to the current deficiencies in the REL [XrML]” – Mulligan et al. [2002]
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Design Motivations
Need to use external control sets Object separated from license (super distribution)
Use a request – response model
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New Functions Breakdown
License Server Functions Keep track of extensions Negotiation algorithms AI for negotiating complex licenses
DRM Controller Functions Keep track of updated use licenses
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Three Negotiation Elements
Request (from the user) Deny Request (from the rights holder) Accept Request (from the rights holder)
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Three Request Elements
Add Remove Replace
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Schema Diagrams
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Schema Diagrams Continued
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Putting it all together
Chosen to extend the rightsType element
Could have used other element, eg. negType
Our opinion – this is more elegant
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Example
Use scenario #2 from the ODRL 1.1 specs Mary Smith (consumer) buys an e-book: “Why Cats Sleep
and We Don’t” Rights:
Single CPU Print 2 times
Suppose Mary Smith is a journalist, and would like to write a thorough review Want to excerpt pictures from various parts of e-book
Example essentially a case of fair use Will also use an extension from an unpublished work
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Initial Request
<odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:request> <o-ex:context>
<o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF</o-dd:uid>
</o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>56</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add>
<o-ex:party> <o-ex:context>
<o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-000111</o-dd:uid>
<o-dd:name>Mary Smith</o-dd:name>
</o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> </odrl-ext:request></odrl-ext:rights>
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Rejection
<odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:deny-request> <o-ex:context>
<o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/TRANS-0101</o-dd:uid>
</o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>56</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add>
<o-ex:party> <o-ex:context>
<o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-000111</o-dd:uid>
<o-dd:name>Mary Smith</o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> <odrl-ext:description>Excerption is only available with an
academic, scholar or journalist credential. Furthermore, a maximum of 10% of the total protected work can be excerpted
</odrl-ext:description></odrl-ext:deny-request></odrl-ext:rights>
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Counter Offer
<odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:grant-request> <o-ex:context>
<o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF</o-dd:uid>
</o-ex:context> <o-ex:context>
<o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF-01</o-dd:uid>
</o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>13</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range>
<o-dd-ext:credential> <o-dd-ext:OrList> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType>Journalist</o-
dd-ext:CredentialsType> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType>Academic</o-
dd-ext:CredentialsType> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType>Scholar</o-
dd-ext:CredentialsType> </o-dd-ext:OrList> </o-dd-ext:credential> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:party> <o-ex:context>
<o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-000111</o-dd:uid>
<o-dd:name>Mary Smith</o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> </odrl-ext:request></odrl-ext:rights>
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Refined Request<odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:grant-request> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>
urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF-01</o-dd:uid>
</o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>4</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>16</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>18</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>56</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>57</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range>
<o-dd-ext:credential> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> Journalist
</o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> </o-dd-ext:credential> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:party> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>
urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-00111
</o-dd:uid> <o-dd:name>Mary Smith</o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> </odrl-ext:request></odrl-ext:rights>
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Request Accepted<odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:grant-request> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF-01</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>4</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>16</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>18</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>56</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>57</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range>
<o-dd-ext:credential> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> Journalist </o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> </o-dd-ext:credential> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:party> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid> urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-000111 </o-dd:uid> <o-dd:name>Mary Smith </o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> </odrl-ext:request></odrl-ext:rights>
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Future Work/Work in Progress Aim to create a working prototype by end of
September Part of a smaller sub-project
Not yet too sure on AI aspect
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Conclusions
Presented extensions to ODRL 1.1 for bi-directional support Enables negotiation between user and license server Allows for the negotiation of any part of an ODRL license
Our opinion, this makes ODRL more complete Would like to see these extensions (or similar
structures) in ODRL 2.0 Extensions can also be done in other RELs like
XrML (which we have also done)