Al-Husain: The Third Imam

By A.S. Hashim. MD

Early Childhood

Born in Medina, 3rd Yr of Hijrah

Prophet gives him and his brother their names

The Prophet loves them very much

Al-Husain was born after Ohod confrontation

Along with his brother, they fill the house with joy

Early Childhood II

The Prophet loves the two boys dearly and plays with them

The Prophet calls them His own Children

Prophet Visits them almost daily

They go with him to the Masjid often

Early Childhood III

At 2, a sister is born, Zainab

At 3, another sister is born, Umm Kalthoom

At 5, Ayah of Tat’heer is revealed

Al-Husain is one of Ahlul Bayt

Ayah of Tat’heer and Ahlul Bayt

Al-Kisaa as narrated by Jabir Al-Ansaari

Took place in Umm Salama’s house

Ali, Fatima, Al-Hasan, and Al-Husain under one cover along with the Prophet

The Prophet declares: These are my Ahlul Bayt

Ayah of Tat’heer

�ْذ�ِه�َب� �ُي ِل �ُه� اِلَّل �ِر�يُد� ي �َم�ا �َّن ِإ�ِه�َل� َأ ْج�َس� اِلِر� �ُم� َع�نُك

ا ��ْط�ِه�ُيِر َت �ُم� ُك �ْط�ِه�ِر� َو�ي �ِت� �ُي �َب اِل(Surah  33:  Ayah  33.  According to

A'isha, Ayah of Tat'heer (Purification) was revealed on

behalf of Fatima, Ali, Al-Hasan, and Al-Husain, see Sahih Muslim Vol.

3, Page 130.)

VERILY, ALLAH HAS DECREED TO PURIFY YOU, O' AHLUL BAYT,

AND SANCTIFY YOU IN A PERFECT WAY

Early Childhood IV

Christians from Najran visit Muhammad

They inquire about Islam, and

The Quran challenges them (Mubaahala)

They agree to invoke Damnation of God on the liars

Next day, seeing that Muhammad brought Ahlul Bayt for Mubaahala,

The Christians retreat, asking to be excused from Mubaahala

Ayah for Mubaahala: Surah 3:  Ayah 61.

"THEN SAY: LET US CALL UPON OUR CHILDREN AND

YOUR CHILDREN, OUR LADIES AND YOUR LADIES,OURSELVES AND

YOURSELVES,THEN WE PRAY SO THATALLAH'S WRATH WILL BE

UPON THOSE WHO TELL UNTRUTH"

�ْع�ُد�   َب ِم�ن ِف�ُيُه� َح�آْج�َك� ِف�َم�ن� � �ُم �ْع�َّل اِل ِم�ن� ْج�اءَك� ِم�ا

�ا �اءَّن �ن �َب َأ �ُد�ُع� َّن � �ْو�ا �ْع�اِل َت ِف�ُق�َل��ا اءَّن �َس� َو�َّن �ُم� �اءُك �ن َب

� َو�َأ�ا ن َّنُف�َس�

� َو�َأ �ُم� اءُك �َس� َو�َّن�ُم� ُك َّنُف�َس�

� َوَأ5ُه� اِلَّل �ُة� �ْع�ن ِل �ْج�ْع�َل ِف�ن �ِه�َل� �َت �َب َّن �ُم� ُث

�ُين �اِذ�َب �ُك اِل َع�َّل�ى

Hadiths about Hasan and Husain

سـُيُدا   َواِلحَسـُين اِلحَسـناِلْجنُه اِهَل شـَباب

    َواِلحَسـُين اِلحَسـن� َأَحَب� Aِم��ن

    َأَبَغ�َض�ـِه�َما Aَوِم�ن �ي �ن َأَحَب ِفُقُدَأَبَغ�َض�ني ِفُقُد

 

   ساِلَمـَتُم، �َم�ن ِل Fَّلُم س� َأَّنا�ُم َحارَبَت �َم�ن ِل �Fَوَحِرب

AL-HASAN AND AL-HUSAIN ARE EACH A PRINCE OVER THE YOUTHFUL IN HEAVEN".

THE ONE WHO LOVES HASAN AND HUSAIN WILL ALSO HAVE LOVED ME, AND HE WHO DETESTS THEM,WILL HAVE DETESTED ME.

"IN PEACE I AM WITH HIM WHOM YOU ARE IN PEACE WITH AND IN BATTLE I AM WITH HIM WHOM YOU ARE IN BATTLE WITH

Al-Husain: Age 6-7 Yrs Old

Al-Husain at age 6-7: the Prophet dies

Saqifa happenings and its aftermath of Khilaafah

Father works in Grove to support family

Father tutors Al-Hasan and Al-Husain along with Ibn Abbas

Mother is sick

Lineage

FatherAli

MotherFatima

Al-Husain

GrandfathersMuhammad and Abu Talib

GrandmothersKhadijah and Fatima

Tutored at Home

Ali tutors Al-Hasan and Al-Husain every night

Ali also tutors Ibn Abbas

Ibn Abbas was 13 Yrs old

Tutoring continues for many years

Age 7 Yrs Old

Mother Fatima dies

Buried at night, as per her wishesSo buried to avoid connection with some people who had angered her

Al-Husain misses his mother very much

In mourning

Father continues to tutor them

New Step Mother

Father marries Asmaa bint Umais

Asmaa was wife of Abu Bakr

Asmaa had Abu Bakr’s baby by name of Muhammad

Asmaa was previously wife of Ja’far, brother of Ali. Ja’far was killed in Mu’ta battle

As a Child

Al-Husain at 9, Abu Bakr dies, Omar the Khalifa

Family busy with Muhammad son of Abu Bakr and other children

Full of questions in quest of knowledge

Family visitation and interaction

As a Youth

Participates in religious discourses and discussions

Omar’s ruleStrict, Islamic

Sahaaba are forbidden from leaving Medina

Islamic expansion into Persia and Byzantine territories

Along with Al-Hasan, helps father in writing the Corpus of Knowledge

Tutors brothers and sisters

At Age 19

Omar dies, being stabbed by Abu Lu’lua

Omar appoint 6 to choose a Khalifa from among them

Uthman becomes Khalifa

Al-Hasan and Al-Husain continue to help father in writing the Corpus of Knowledge

Discourses at the Masjid Al-Nabawi

Al-Husain in his Twenties

Gets married

Neat, dignified, and well groomed

At first Uthman’s Rule was mellow but good

Uthman starts to appoint corrupt family clan to high offices all over: Dynasty Rule

Corruption of the rulers lead to complaints

Ali marries Umm Al-Baneen

Corpus of Knowledge

Ali’s writings during:Abu Bakr,Omar, and

Uthman’s Khilaafah:

Corpus of Knowledge consists of the

following:

1. Quran in chorological order

2. Tafseer (Mus’haf Fatima)

3. Hadith (Saheefa of Ali)4. Ah’kaam5. Al-Jafr

a. White Jafr: Prophets and early times

b. Red Jafr: Rules of war in Islam

Al-Husain in his Twenties II

Al-Hasan and Al-Husain participate in North Africa Campaign

Feels the anger of the society about the rule of Uthman

The uprising against Uthman

Defends Uthman from the rebels surrounding Uthman’s house

Al-Husain in his Twenties III

Has many brothers through Umm Al-Baneen

Is very close to his brother Al-Abbas

Tutors his brother Al-Abbas, and other brothers

The house is very active with the expanded family

Continues his discourses at Masjid Al-Nabawi

Al-Husain in his Thirties

Ali is elected for Khilaafah

Some People agitate against Ali

A’isha, Talha, and Zubair lead a force and head toward Basrah

Ali and his family head toward Kufa

Toward Kufa

Ali, family, and 500 people arrive from Medina to Kufa

Al-Husain during travel

In Kufa, they get to work immediately

They build support to fight off the insurgents in Basrah

Al-Husain at Jamal Confrontation

During the battle Ali was very protective of Al-Hasan and Al-HusainAli urged his other son (Muhammad ibn Al-Hanafiyyah) to face the rebelsWhen asked about Al-Hasan and Al-Husain, he replied:

I don’t want to expose the lineage of Rasool Allah to be cut off (up to Al-Mahdi)

Al-Husain at Jamal Confrontation

Al-Husain did well during the battle

Al-Husain was 32 years old at the time

Feels for the many who lost their lives needlessly

Sees his father Ali giving freedom to Benu Umayya who fought him at Jamal battle

Al-Husain at Age 31-35

Helps father in administration matters in Kufa

Kufa had become the Capital of the Islamic Ummah

In Preparation for the forthcoming confrontation with Mu’awiya

Participates in the Islamic Discourses in Kufa

At Age of 33

Heads to Siffin to confront Mu’awiya

Participates in the 9 day battle

Fighting was severe sometimes

Numerous widows and orphans as a result

Disappointment about the arbitration

At Age of 33

On the way to confront Mu’awiya, they passed by a dreary placeAli asked about the name of the placeThe answer was KarbalaAli’s face got sad and he said:

   ر�َحاِلِهُم Hِمحُّط ِهنادِمائِهُم َوِمِهِراق

"IT IS HERE WHERE THEY WILL BE STOPPED

AND IT IS HERE WILL BE THE BLOOD-SHED."

Al-Husain at Siffin

Is aware of the intrigues of Mu’awiya

Could see the role of Ammar who was promised by the Prophet that the Vicious and Malicious fighters would kill him

Al-Husain witnesses the debacle of Khariji and the call for arbitrations

They return to Kufa disheartened

Al-Husain at Age of 34-36

Witnesses the suffering of the widows and orphansAware of Nahrawan and the trouble of its aftermathAware of the havoc caused by Mu’awiya

In IraqIn YemenIn other territories

Al-Husain at Age of 36

Ibn Muljim wounds Ali, Ali gives Al-Hasan his last advice

Ali designates Al-Hasan as the 2nd Imam

Ali’s advice is for all of his children

They bury Ali in Najaf

People give Al-Hasan allegiance, he is to face Mu'awiya

Al-Husain at Age of 36

Sees the deceit of Mu’awiya about the agreement with his brother Al-Hasan

Listens to Al-Hasan giving the speech to the worshippers at the Grand Mosque of Kufa

Listens to Mu’awiya’s speech, and is flabbergasted at the rudeness and gall of this man

Al-Husain, Al-Hasan and family return to Medina

In Medina, age: 36-57 Yrs

Teaches Islamic discourses in Medina along with Al-Hasan

Very popular

Helps people as well as educate them

Is pained by Mu’awiya’s deception

Is pained by hearing Ali being damned in every Jumu’ah Prayer all over the country

Cursing Ali was made the State Policy by Mu’awiya

Al-Husain at Age 37

Al-Hasan, being sick with the poison:vomiting blood materialJaundiced and feeling very weak

Al-Hasan designates Al-Husain as the 3rd ImamAl-Hasan wants to be buried by the Prophet if possibleAl-Husain’s Imamah starts

TO CONTINUE, Go to al-Husain to Karbala

Thank you and May God Bless you.

Dr. A.S. Hashim