AKSHAY BISHNOI

8/3/2019 AKSHAY BISHNOI

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The design of civilian or commercialbuildings to withstand the effects of

a terrorist blast is unlike the design

of military installations or the designof embassy buildings.

The objectives of the Structural

Engineering Guidelines for the

Design of New Embassy Buildings

are to prevent heavy damage to

components and structural collapse.


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Architectural and structural features

play a significant role in determining

how the building will respond to the

blast loading. These features can

include adjacent or underground

parking, transfer girders, slab

configurations, and structural-frame

systems


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External car bomb

Internal car bomb

Internal package

Suicidal car bombs


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Flying debris

Broken glass

Smoke and fireBlocked glass

Power loss

Communications breakdown

Progressive collapse of structure


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Reduce the severity of injury

Facilitate rescue

Expedite repairAccelerate the speed of return to full

operations.


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The first requirement is to

determine the threat. The major threat

is caused by terrorist bombings. The

threat for a conventional bomb is

defined by two equally importantelements,

The bomb size (or) charge weight,

The standoff distance - the minimumguaranteed distance between the

blast source and the target


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Another requirement is to keepthe bomb as far away as possible, by

maximizing the keepout distance. No

matter what size the bomb, the

damage will be less severe the

further the target is from the source.


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1. More attention must be paid to thedesign and detailing of exterior bays and

lower floors, which are the most

susceptible to blast loads .2. If vertical clearance is a problem, shear

heads embedded in the slab will improve

the shear resistance and improve the

ability of the slab to transfer moments tothe columns


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3. In exterior bays/lower floors, drop

panels and column capitols are requiredto shorten the effective slab length and

improve the punching shear resistance


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1. The potential for direct lateral loadingon the face of the columns, resulting from

the blast pressure and impact of

explosive debris, requires that the lowerfloor columns be designed with

adequate ductility and strength

2. The perimeter columns supporting the

lower floors must also be designed to

resist this extreme blast effect


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3. Encasing these lower-floor columns in

a steel jacket will provide confinement,increase shear capacity, and improve the

columns' ductility and strength. An

alternative, which provides similar

benefits, is to embed a steel column

within the perimeter concrete columns or

wall section


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4. For smaller charge weights, spiral

reinforcement provides a measure of

core confinement that greatly improvesthe capacity and the behavior of the

reinforced concrete columns under

extreme load.


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There are structural techniques that can

increase the capacity of building

structures to resist certain kinds ofterrorist attacks. However, there is

absolutely no reliable way to design for

the impact of a large scale commercial

airliner.


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THANK YOU

!!

AKSHAY BISHNOI

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