AIRPORT PLANNING AND DESIGN BY NIRANJAN

AIRPORT PLANNING AND DESIGN

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to

AVANTHI’S RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL ACADEMY

By

S Niranjan Varma – (11HQ1A0136)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

CIVIL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


Basavapalem (V), Bhogapuram (M) Vijayanagaram Dist.

ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

APRIL 2015

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my deep sense of gratitude to my project guide Mr. Banki Ravi, Head of Department of Civil Engineering, Avanthi’s Research and Technological Academy, vizinagaram for his valuable suggestions, overall supervision, constructive support, constant encouragement and guidance for the completion of the project work.

We are specially thankful to our principal Prof. CH.Diwakar for providing necessary departmental facilities.

With immense pleasure and profound sense, I express my sincere and heartful gratitude to Assistant Prof. R Ramya (guide), for her expert guidance and support given in preparing the project successfully.

I express my heartiest thanks to all the faculty and office staff of the civil engineering department, Avanthi’s research and technological academy for their

guidance and encouragement in the fulfillment of the course of the study.

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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report entitled AIRPORT PLANNING AND DESIGN

submitted by S Niranjan Varma to the Avanthi’s Research and Technological

Academy in partial fulfillment for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Technology in

Civil Engineering is a bonafide record of the project work carried out by him under my

supervision during the year 20114-2015

Internal’s sign Head Of Department’s sign

External’s sign


Basavapalem (V), Bhogapuram (M) Vijayanagaram Dist.

ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

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ABSTRACT

An airport (airfield, airdrome) is a place where aircrafts are operated through paved runways, essentially consists of maintenance facilities, terminals and services. The specifications for designing, construction and maintenance are specified by governing bodies like FEDERAL AVIATION AUTHORITY (FAA), CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY (CAA) and NATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY (NAA) etc.

The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the US and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services.

The project mainly includes the alignment and design of runway which contains the design of rigid pavement and flexible pavement using software given by FAA (R805FAA.xls, F806FAA.xls), planning and design of terminal building using software like AUTO CAD, STAAD pro.V8i and ETABS and the alignment and design of parking lot manually.

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CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2

ABSTRACT 4

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Airport Surveys 91.2 Objects of Surveys 91.3 Types of Surveys 10

1.3.1 Approach zone survey 10

1.3.2 Drainage survey 10

1.3.3 Meteorological survey 11

1.3.4 Natural resources survey 111.3.5 Soil survey 111.3.6 Topographical survey 131.3.7 Traffic survey 13

1.4 Runway orientation 13 1.4.1 Preliminary information required 13 1.4.2 Head wind & Tail wind 13 1.4.3 Cross wind 14 1.4.4 Wind Rose Diagram 14 1.4.5 Land side and Airside Areas 15

CHAPTER 2: PLANING AND DESIGNING OF AIRSIDE AREA

2.1.1 Run way 17 2.1.2 Taxi way 17 2.1.3 Apron 17 2.1.4 Demand considerations 17

2.3Runway Length 19

2.3.1 Basic runway length 19 2.3.2 Normal landing 19 2.3.3 Normal take off 19 2.3.4 Stopping in emergency 20 2.3.5 Corrections to basic runway length 20

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2.3.6 Calculation 21 2.3.7 Airside plan 22 2.3.8 High speed exit taxiway 22 2.3.9 Stopping distance 23 2.3.10 Radius of entry curve 24

2.4 Pavement 25

2.4.1 Flexible Pavement Screenshots 25 2.4.2 Rigid Pavement Screenshots 34 2.4.3 Visual Aids 36 2.4.4 Theory for reducing Runway Length 39

CHAPTER 3: PLANING AND DESIGNING OF TERMINAL BUILDING

3.1.1Requirements of the terminal building 41 3.1.2Ground floor plan 42 3.1.3 First floor plan 42 3.1.4 Archicad 43

3.2 Terminal Building Design 45 3.2.1 Loads 45 3.2.2 Load combinations 47 3.2.3 STAAD pro v8i 48 3.2.4 3D view of loads applied 50 3.2.5 Deflections and Stresses 53 3.2.6 Design Output of Terminal Building from STAAD Pro 54

3.3 Curved Roof 192 3.3.1 Bay 1 roof truss 192 3.3.2 Bay 2 roof truss 192

3.4 Foundation. 198 3.4.1 Introduction 198 3.4.2 STAAD foundation v8i 198 3.4.3 Screenshots from STAAD Foundation 198 3.4.4Foundation report summary 1993.5 Manual Check 204 3.5.1 Slab design 204 3.5.2 Beam design 205 3.5.3 Column design 206

CHAPTER 4: PLANING AND DESIGNING OF LANDSIDE AREA

4.1.1 Land side area plan 2094.1.2 Calculations 209

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CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND REFERENCES

5.1 CONCLUSION 2155.2 REFERENCES 216

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CHAPTER 1

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INTRODUCTION

1 INTRODUCTION:

An airport is a location with facilities for commercial aviation flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control tower, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operation services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services.

An airport with a helipad for rotorcraft but no runway is called a heliport. An airport

for use by seaplanes and amphibious aircraft is called a Seaplane base. Such a base typically

includes a stretch of open water for take-offs and landings, and seaplane docks for tying-up.

An international airport has additional facilities for customs and immigration.

In warfare, airports can become the focus of intense fighting, for example the Battle

of Tripoli Airport or the Battle for Donetsk Airport, both taking place in 2014. An airport

primarily for military use is called an airbase or air station.

Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies.

1.1 AIRPORT SURVEYS:

The airport project requires intensive study and careful considerations from various points of view. The data and details collected during preliminary surveys are properly analysed and the results of the detailed surveys are accommodated in the recommendation report of the proposed site of an airport. In this chapter, the usual detailed surveys which are carried out to ascertain the feasibility of an airport site are briefly described.

1.2 OBJECTS OF SURVEYS:

The main objects or purposes for conducting the detailedsurveys are as follows:

To ascertain the characteristics of soil. To collect details which are essential for the designof various components of an airport. To demarcate the ground on plan and to initiate the land acquisition Proceedings. To give an idea of the meteorological conditions prevailing at the proposed site. To make provision for future extension of the airport. To prepare suitable drawings. To submit report for getting sanction of the concerned competent authority. To suggest the measures, if any, to improve the existing site conditions. To suggest the use of locally available construction materials and labourers.

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To work out the detailed estimate of the project, etc.

1.3 TYPES OF SURVEYS:

The airport surveys can be grouped in the following seven categories: Approach zone survey Drainage survey Meteorological survey Natural resources survey Soil survey Topographical survey Traffic survey.

1.3.1 Approach zone survey: The term approach zone is used to indicate the wide clearance area on either side of the runway along the direction of landing and take-off of an airport. The approach zones permit smooth functioning of an aircraft during landing and take-off operations. The glide path of an aircraft during landing varies from a steep slope to a flat slope. But the rate of climbing during take-off is controlled by its wing landing and engine power. The approach zone survey forms a part of the topographical survey extended beyond the proposed area of the airport in the direction of the approach zone. The main aim of this survey is to establish the elevations of the tops of the objects within the airport zone in general and within the approach zone in particular. It thus helps in the determination of the locations of the objects protruding above ground level and which may prove to be hazardous during landing and take-off of the aircrafts. The approach zone determines the ownership of such undesirable objects on the ground and suggests the measures to remove the existing such objects and to prevent the construction of such structures by implementation of suitable zoning regulations. If it is not possible to remove such objects, the survey should recommend the best way to make them prominent day and night by some suitable means.

1.3.2 Drainage survey: It is necessary to have complete data about the sources of water and the quantities of water to be handled near the airport site. The water reaching the airport has to be intercepted and diverted in proper way. The rainfall intensity of the locality and the study of contour maps will help in determining the quantity of storm water to be disposed off. It is also necessary to collect necessary information about every possible outlet in the form of natural streams or river near the airport site.The drainage survey also ascertains that the pavement of airport will not be submerged during floods or heavy rains. The details and information obtained during this survey prove to be very much useful in the design of the airport drainage facilities.

1.3.3 Meteorological survey:

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The science of the atmosphere and its phenomenon is known as meteorology. Hence, in the meteorological survey, the study of weather and climate is made and if required, the help of an experienced meteorologist is also taken. The data to be collected in this survey can be enumerated as follows:

barometric pressure; direction, duration and intensity of prevailing wind; frost and fog; periods of low visibility; rainfall intensity and duration; snow fall; Temperature; etc.

It is to be noted that the above details are to be collected for several years in the past and after proper scrutiny, they should be applied for the planning and design of the various components of an airport. Some of the applications of the details obtained in this survey can be mentioned as follows:

The accurate rainfall data will be of immense help in the design of pavement and airport drainage.

The barometric pressure measures the density of the earth's surface and it has direct impact on the length of runway.

The maximum depth of frost action can be determined for the frost affected areas. The orientation of runway basically depends on the conditions of the prevailing

winds.

1.3.4 Natural resources survey:This survey is aimed to collect complete information about

the locally available construction materials, their varieties and quantities, the possible methods of transport to bring them to the site and the economy of their use. The availability of a natural stream as a source of water supply is also included under this survey.The information and details gathered in this survey prove very useful in the construction and maintenance aspects of the airport.

1.3.5 Soil survey: The sub grade soil supports the runway and other structures of the airport. Hence, the knowledge of soil is considered to be very important to an airfield engineer. From the geological point of view, the soil is defined as the relatively thin layer of disintegrated rock lying on or near the surface of the earth, mixed with organic matter which is the product of decaying vegetation and animal material. Thus, the soil is the result of the residual concentration of the alteration products of rock, which in turn, have been changed by the influences of chemical and physical processes as well as living and dead organisms. It is under laid by the subsoil fragments containing little organic matter. Objects of soil survey: The main objects of soil survey with respect to airport engineering can be mentioned as follows:

To carry out the design of pavement. To decide the best location of various drainage structures.

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To decide whether or not the subsurface drainage for the airport will be necessary.

To determine the location and extent of areas from which desirable construction materials can be obtained.

To determine whether or not the subgrade soil requires to be improved so as to increase its bearing capacity.

To establish the top and the bottom elevations and lateral limits of all the natural formations to be encountered in cutting and embankment.

Methods of soil sampling:Following are the methods which are commonly employed for obtaining information of the subsoil conditions: (1) Test pits: A square pit, known as a trial pit or a test pit, with side as about 1.50 m, is excavated up to a depth at which sufficient hard soil is available. Various strata of the soil can be inspected, studied and classified accordingly. This method is useful when hard soil is available with a maximum depth of 1.50 m. (2) Probing: It consists of driving a hollow tube or a steel rod or an iron rod into the ground. The material caught or stuck up is examined. This method is useful to examine the ground for a maximum depth of 3 m. (3) Auger boring: An auger may be post hole type or screw type or shell type. They all work in the same way. The samples are taken out in the augers and they are examined. When the auger is to be driven in loose sand, it becomes essential to prevent the collapse of the loose material, when the auger is being withdrawn. A casing is a thin metal tube having a slightly bigger diameter than the auger and it is driven ahead of the auger. The lengthening of the casing can be done by connecting one pipe to the other. With the help of this method, it is possible to inspect the ground for depth of 6 m to 8 m and in case of loose sand, the auger may be useful even up to a depth of 15 m or so. (4) Wash boring: The term wash boring is used to denote a method in which a casing is driven into the ground and the material inside the casing is washed out and brought to the surface for inspection. The results obtained by this process are reliable when depths are about 30 m to 45 m. (5) Test piles: Sometimes, the test piles are driven into the ground to obtain the information of the solid strata. With the help of this process, it is not possible to know definitely the kinds of strata through which test piles pass, as the material is not available for inspection. But the factors such as resistance of soil to driving of piles, load bearing data and any other available local information serves as useful guides. (6) Deep boring: For important works, the deep boring is done with the help of either percussion boring machine or core drilling machine. The information obtained is plotted in the form of a core chart. (7) Geophysical method: In favourable circumstances, geophysical method is adopted to know the nature of soil strata- The geophysical method may either be seismic or electrical.

Soil testing:The soil mass possesses a number of physical characteristics from an engineering point of view and they have to be ascertained to provide as complete a description as possible.

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Following characteristics of soil are to be obtained: centrifuge moisture content; colour of soil; field moisture content; grain shape; lineal shrinkage and volumetric change; particle sizes and distribution; plasticity including consistency limits or Atterberg limits; presence of fines; specific gravity; and State of compaction.

1.3.6 Topographical survey: In this survey, the surface features like hills, rivers, levels, etc. of the region are measured and studied. The detailed topographical survey of the area provides sufficient data for the following:

To describe the nature of property to be acquired. To estimate the excavation quantities. To estimate the quantities of clearing the site, removing roots and stumps from ground,

etc. To prepare an accurate contour map having contour interval which will allow the

selection of the best alignment for the runway and also for determining the drainage cost accurately.

To prepare an accurate map showing roads, hills, property lines, streams, buildings and all other important physical features of the airport site.

To provide information for the best locations of the outfall for the drainage system and for which the survey can be extended beyond the airport boundary.

1.3.7 Traffic survey: In this survey, the investigations are carried out to predict the probable amount of traffic including the expected future traffic.

1.4 Runway orientation:

1.4.1 Preliminary information required: It is necessary to collect the following data before deciding the orientation of the runway: (1) Maps of the area in the vicinity of the airport showing contours at suitable intervals and (2) Records of direction, force and duration of the wind in the vicinity and fog characteristics of the area for as long a period as possible.

1.4.2 Head wind& Tail wind: The runway is usually oriented in the direction of the prevailing winds. The head wind indicates the wind from the opposite-direction of the head or nose of the aircraft while it is

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landing or taking off. The orientation of runway along the head wind grants the following two advantages:(1) During landing: it provides a breaking effect and the aircraft comes to a stop in a short length of the runway' (2) During take-off: it provides greater lift on the wings of the aircraft. Thus, the landing and take-off operations take place in a shorter length of the runway due to the head wind than what it would have been, if the landing and take-off were in the direction of wind. The reduction in length of runway may be about 10% or so. When the wind acts in the direction of landing operation then the wind will be called as TAIL WIND.

1.4.3 Cross wind:A crosswind is any wind that has a perpendicular component to the line or direction of travel. In aviation, a crosswind is the component of wind that is blowing across the runway, making landings and take-offs more difficult than if the wind were blowing straight down the runway. If a crosswind is strong enough it may exceed an aircraft's crosswind limit, and an attempt to land under such conditions could cause structural damage to the aircraft's undercarriage.

1.4.4 Wind Rose Diagram:

A wind rose is a graphic tool used by meteorologists to give a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location. Historically, wind roses were predecessors of the compass rose (found on maps), as there was no differentiation between a cardinal direction and the wind which blew from such a direction. Using a polar coordinate system of gridding, the frequency of winds over a long time period is plotted by wind direction, with color bands showing wind ranges. The directions of the rose with the longest spoke show the wind direction with the greatest frequency. The following is the example of wind rose diagram.

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EXAMPLE:

1.4.5 Land side and Airside Areas:

Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public

transport railway stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft,

including runways, taxiways and ramps. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly

controlled at most airports.

Most major airports provide commercial outlets for products and services. Airports

may also contain premium and VIP services. The premium and VIP services may include

express check-in and dedicated check-in counters. In addition to people, airports move cargo

around the clock. Many large airports are located near railway trunk routes.

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CHAPTER 2

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PALNING AND DESIGNING OF AIRSIDE AREA

2.1 AIRSIDE AREAS2.1.1 Run way:According to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) a runway is a "defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and takeoff of aircraft". Runways may be a man-made surface (often asphalt, concrete, or a mixture of both) or a natural surface (grass, dirt, gravel, ice, or salt).

2.1.2 Taxi way:

A taxiway is a path for aircraft

in airport connecting runways with ramps, hangars, terminals and other facilities. They mostly

have a hard surface such as asphalt or concrete, although smaller airports sometimes

use gravel or grass.

Busy airports typically construct high-speed or rapid-exit taxiways to allow aircraft

to leave the runway at higher speeds. This allows the aircraft to vacate the runway quicker,

permitting another to land or take off in a shorter space of time

2.1.3 Apron:

The airport apron is the area of an airport where aircraft are parked, unloaded or loaded,

refuelled, or boarded. Although the use of the apron is covered by regulations, such as lighting

on vehicles, it is typically more accessible to users than the runway or taxiway. However, the

apron is not usually open to the general public and a license may be required to gain access.

The use of the apron may be controlled by the apron management service (apron

control or apron advisory) to provide coordination between the users.

The apron is designated by the ICAO as not being part of the maneuvering area. All

vehicles, aircraft and people using the apron are referred to as apron traffic.

2.1.4 Demand considerations:

The following are the weights and annual departures considered for the design of

runway design and length calculations.

Flights Weight(lbs.) Annual departures

Boeing 737 115500 400

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Boeing 727 160000 182

McDonnell DC-9-50 121000 600

Fokker F-28 65000 1500

Learjet 40 21000 1100

Cessna Mustang 8645 900

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2.3 RUNWAY LENGTH

2.3.1 Basic runway length: The length of runway based on the following assumed conditions is known as the basic runway length: (1) No wind is blowing on the runway. (2) The aircraft is loaded to its full loading capacity. (3) The airport is situated at sea-level. (4) There is no wind blowing on the way to the destination (5) The runway is levelled in the longitudinal direction or in other words, it has zero effective gradient. (6) The standard temperature is maintained along the way. (7) The standard temperature of 150C exists at the airport.

The manner in which an aircraft actually performs the landing and take-off wilt decide to a large extent the length of a runway. Following three cases will be considered:

Normal landing. Normal take off. Stopping in emergency.

2.3.2 Normal landing: As shown in fig. the aircraft should come to a stop within 60 per cent of the landing distance assuming that the pilot makes an approach at the proper speed and crosses the threshold of the runway at a height of 15 m. The beginning of the runway portion to be used as landing is known as the threshold. The runway of full strength pavement is provided for the entire landing distance.

2.3.3 Normal take off: The take-off distance (TOD) must be, for a specific weight of aircraft, 1 15 per cent of the actual distance the aircraft uses to reach a height of 10.5 m, as shown in fig. The distance to reach the height of 10.5 m should be equal to 115 per cent of the lift-off distance (LOD).

The normal take off requires a clearway which is defined as an area beyond the runway not less than 150 m wide, centrally located about the extended centre-line of the runway

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and under the control of the airport authorities. It is expressed in terms of a clearway plane extending from the end of the runway with an upward slope not exceeding 1.25 per cent. It is to be seen that the clearway is free from any obstruction. The clearway should not be more than one-half the difference between 115 per cent of the LOD and TOD.

2.3.4 Stopping in emergency: For the engine failure case, the TOD is the actual distance required to reach a height of 10.5 m with no percentage applied. It also incidentally recognizes the infrequency of occurrence of the engine failure. In case of an engine failure, suffici1ent distance should be available to stop the airplane rather than continue the take off. This distance is known as the accelerate-stop distance, as shown in fig. It is required to provide a clearway or a stop way or both in this case. The stop way is defined as a rectangular area at the end of runway and in the direction of take-off. It is a paved area in which an aircraft can be stopped after an interrupted take off due to engine failure. Its width is at least equal to the width of runway and the thickness of pavement less than that of the runway, but yet sufficient to take the load of aircraft without failure. The clearway should not be more than one-half the difference between TOD and LOD.

2.3.5 Corrections to basic runway length:

To get actual length of the runway, the following three corrections are to be applied to the calculated basic runway length:

Correction for elevation. Correction for gradient. Correction for temperature.

Correction for elevation: As per the recommendation of ICAO, the basic runway length should be increased at the rate of 1% per 300 m rise in elevation of airport above the mean sea level. This correction is required because the air density reduces as the elevation increases which in turn

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reduces the lift on the wings of the aircraft. Thus, the aircraft will require more ground speed to rise to the air and for achieving more speed, the longer length of runway will be required.

Correction for gradient: As the gradient becomes steep, more consumption of energy takes place and longer length of the runway will be required to attain the desired ground speed. The ICAO does not give any specific recommendation for the increase in length due to the effective gradient. The maximum difference in elevation between the highest and the lowest points of runway divided by the total length of runway is known as the effective gradient. According to FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) of U.S.A., the runway length after being corrected for elevation and temperature should further be increased at the rate of 2O% for every 1% of the effective gradient.

Correction for temperature: The rise in airport reference temperature has the same effect as that of the increase in its elevation above mean sea-level. After the basic length is corrected for the elevation of airport, it is further increased at the rate of l% for every 1"C rise in airport reference temperature above the standard atmospheric temperature at that elevation. The airport reference temperature is worked out by the following expression:

Airport reference temperature = T 1+ T 2−T 13

Where T1 = monthly mean of the average daily temperature for the hottest month of the Year. T 2 = monthly mean of the maximum daily temperature for the same month. The standard temperature at the airport site can be determined by reducing the standard mean sea-level temperature of 150C at the rate of 6.50C per thousand metre rise in elevation.2.3.6 Calculation:The Boeing 727 is the biggest flight under design consideration with a maximum take-off weight of about 160000 pounds. The take-off distance of the Boeing 727 at the maximum take-off weight varies from 8,300ft to 10,000ft (given by manufacturer). The landing distance required for the Boeing 727 is 920m.as the take-off distance is higher than the landing distance take-off distance is only considered for the calculations. Basic length = 3050m.

Correction due to elevation: The elevation of the city Visakhapatnam above mean sea level is 54m. The basic length is to be increased at the rate of 7% per every 300m elevation above mean sea level.

= 7

100∗54

300∗3050

= 0.07∗0.18∗3050

= 38.43m = 39m

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Corrected length = 3089m

Correction due to temperature:The maximum temperature recorded in the city Visakhapatnam is 450C and the standard temperature is 150C. Difference in temperatures 450 – 150 = 300

= 3089100

∗30

= 926.7m = 927m

Total length correction = 966mCorrected runway length = 4016m

We are going to provide a runway length of 4020m in total

2.3.7 Airside plan:

The following is the plan of airside drawn using AutoCAD.

2.3.8 High speed exit taxiway: The following is the plan of high speed exit taxiway.

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The exit way curve transition mainly consists of two curves an entrance curve and a central curveThe angle of turn of the exit taxiway should in between 300 to 600.so we are providing an angle of 350 for the angle of turn of high speed exit taxiway and designing for a design speed of 80kmph.we are providing the standard dimensions for the runway width and taxiway width of an international airport of 45m and 22.5m respectively. Angle of turn = 350

Design speed = 80kmph Runway width = 45m Taxiway width = 22.5mThe radius of entrance curve will be given by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) based on the design speed and for 80kmph it will be 731m. Radius of entry curve R1 = 731m. The radius of central curve is given by the following formula.

R2 = V 2

125 f R2= 802/125(0.13)R2 = 394mRadius of central curve R2 = 394m. The length of entrance curve is given by the following formula.

L1 = V 3

45.5 C R 2L1= 803/(45.5)(0.39)(394)L1 = 73.23m

Length of entry curve L1 = 74m. The deflection angle of entrance curve is given by the following formula.

D1= 180 L 1

πR 1

D1 = 180(74)/π(731) D1 = 5.750 or50451

Deflection angle of entrance curve D1 = 5.750 or50451

The deflection angle of central curve is given by the following formula. D2 = 350 - 50451

D2 = 290151

Deflection angle of central curve D2 = 290151

The length of entrance curve is given by the following formula.

L2= πR 2 D 2

180

L2= π(394)(29.25)/180

L2 = 201.14m

Length of entry curve L2 = 201.14m.

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2.3.9 Stopping distance:

The stopping distance SD = V 2

25.5

SD = 802

25.5

SD = 251m

The stopping distance is 251m.This is to be measured from the edge of the runway pavement along the central line of the exit taxiway.

2.3. 10 Radius of entry curve:

The entry curve radius will be given by following formula.

Radius R = v2

125 fWhere, V = velocity in kmph. F = coefficient of friction.

We had designed the entryway to a design speed of 40kmph (V = 40). The coefficient of friction for any airfield design is to be taken as 0.13 as per the specifications given by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

Radius R = 402/125(0.13) R = 1600/16.25 R = 98.46m. Therefore, the radius of curvature of the entry curve obtained is 98.46m at a design speed of 40kmph.

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2.4 PAVEMENT DESIGN:Pavement (American English) is the durable surface material laid down on an area intended to sustain vehicular or foot traffic, such as a road or walkway. In the past, gravel road surfaces, cobblestone and granite sets were extensively used, but these surfaces have mostly been replaced by asphalt or concrete laid on a compacted base course. Road surfaces are frequently marked to guide traffic. Today, permeable paving methods are beginning to be used for low-impact roadways and walkways.We should provide pavement for RUNWAY, TAXIWAY and APRON. So we are providing flexible pavements for RUNWAY and TAXIWAY and rigid pavement for APRON.The thickness and strength of the pavement depends upon the factors like subgrade strength, wheel load, tire pressure, number of reputation of wheel load, design live etc.Federal Aviation Administration had provided the MS EXCEL sheets for the determination thickness of pavements both flexible and rigid. We are using this sheets for the determination of thickness as there are accurate.The following are the design considerations considered while working with EXCEL sheets given by FAA.Subgrade CBR = 5%Number of sub-bases = 2No frost conditionThe screen shorts of the flexible and rigid pavement design using EXCEL sheets are provided bellow.

2.4.1 FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SCREENSHORTS

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2.4.2 RIGID PAVEMENT OUTPUTS

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2.4.3VISUAL AIDS

Runway marking:

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Airport lightning:

Runway lighting is used at airports that allow night landings. Seen from the air, runway lights form an outline of the runway. A particular runway may have some or all of the following:

Runway end identifier lights (REIL) – unidirectional (facing approach direction) or omnidirectional pair of synchronized flashing lights installed at the runway threshold, one on each side.

Runway end lights – a pair of four lights on each side of the runway on precision instrument runways, these lights extend along the full width of the runway. These lights show green when viewed by approaching aircraft and red when seen from the runway.

Runway edge lights – white elevated lights that run the length of the runway on either side. On precision instrument runways, the edge-lighting becomes yellow in the last 2,000 ft. (610 m) of the runway, or last third of the runway, whichever is less. Taxiways are differentiated by being bordered by blue lights, or by having green center lights, depending on the width of the taxiway, and the complexity of the taxi pattern.

Runway centerline lighting system (RCLS) – lights embedded into the surface of the runway at 50 ft. (15 m) intervals along the runway centerline on some precision instrument runways. White except the last 900 m (3,000 ft.): alternate white and red for next 600 m (1,969 ft.) and red for last 300 m (984 ft.).

Touchdown zone lights (TDZL) – rows of white light bars (with three in each row) at 30 or 60 m (98 or 197 ft.) intervals on either side of the centerline for 900 m (3,000 ft.).

Taxiway centerline lead-off lights – installed along lead-off markings, alternate green and yellow lights embedded into the runway pavement. It starts with green light at about the

38

runway centerline to the position of first centerline light beyond the Hold-Short markings on the taxiway.

Taxiway centerline lead-on lights – installed the same way as taxiway centerline lead-off Lights, but directing airplane traffic in the opposite direction.

Land and hold short lights – a row of white pulsating lights installed across the runway to indicate hold short position on some runways that are facilitating land and hold short operations (LAHSO).

Approach lighting system (ALS) – a lighting system installed on the approach end of an airport runway and consists of a series of lightbars, strobe lights, or a combination of the two that extends outward from the runway end.

According to Transport Canada's regulations, the runway-edge lighting must be visible for at least 2 mi (3 km). Additionally, a new system of advisory lighting, runway status lights, is currently being tested in the United States.

The edge lights must be arranged such that:

the minimum distance between lines is 75 ft. (23 m), and maximum is 200 ft. (61 m); the maximum distance between lights within each line is 200 ft. (61 m); the minimum length of parallel lines is 1,400 ft. (427 m); The minimum number of lights in the line is 8.

Control of lighting system

Typically the lights are controlled by a control tower, a flight service station or another designated authority. Some airports/airfields (particularly uncontrolled ones) are equipped with pilot-controlled lighting, so that pilots can temporarily turn on the lights when the relevant authority is not available. This avoids the need for automatic systems or staff to turn the lights on at night or in other low visibility situations. This also avoids the cost of having the lighting system on for extended periods. Smaller airports may not have lighted runways or runway markings. Particularly at private airfields for light planes, there may be nothing more than a windsock beside a landing strip.

39

2.4.4 THEORY FOR REDUCING RUNWAY LENGTH Landing larger and faster aircraft on a flight deck was made possible through the use of arresting cables installed on the flight deck and a tail hook installed on the aircraft. Early carriers had a very large number of arrestor cables or "wires". Current U.S. Navy carriers have three or four steel cables stretched across the deck at 20 ft (6.1 m) intervals which bring a plane, travelling at 150 mph (240 km/h), to a complete stop in about 320 ft (98 m). The cables are set to stop each aircraft at the same place on the deck, regardless of the size or weight of the plane. During World War II, large net barriers would be erected across the flight deck so aircraft could be parked on the forward part of the deck and recovered on the after part. This allowed increased complements but resulted in a lengthened launch and recovery cycle as aircraft were shuffled around the carrier to allow take-off or landing operations.

Richard Phillips Feynman an American theoretical physicist used to tell a story about a simple lawn-sprinkler physics problem. The same theory can be applied for the reduction of runway length. let us Imagine a 747 is sitting on a conveyor belt, as wide and long as a runway. The conveyor belt is designed to exactly match the speed of the wheels, moving in the opposite direction. Practically, A 747’s engines produce a quarter of a million pounds of thrust. That is, each engine is powerful enough to launch a brachiosaurus straight up. With that kind of force, no matter what’s happening to the treadmill and wheels, the plane is going to move forward and take off.

This principle can also be worked out in case of emergency landings due to any technical failure by providing conveyor belts at the end of the runway as a safety measure.

The above theory can also be used for take-off of the flights with low power engines if the conveyors are moved in the opposite direction and by creating wind resistance onto the wings to provide aerodynamic lift. This method is not yet developed completely. Creating wind resistance is not economical way hence this method can be used in when area is not sufficient. Scientists are working on this to takeoff the flight with conveyor belt.

40

CHAPTER 3

41

PLANING AND DESIGNING OF TERMINAL BUILDING

3.1TERMINAL BUILDING

An airport terminal is a building at an airport where passengers transfer between ground transportation and the facilities that allow them to board and disembark from aircraft.

Within the terminal, passengers purchase tickets, transfer their luggage, and go through security. The buildings that provide access to the airplanes (via gates) are typically called concourses. However, the terms "terminal" and "concourse" are sometimes used interchangeably, depending on the configuration of the airport.

Smaller airports have one terminal while larger airports have several terminals and/or concourses. At small airports, the single terminal building typically serves all of the functions of a terminal and a concourse.

Some larger airports have one terminal that is connected to multiple concourses via walkways, sky-bridges, or underground tunnels (such as Denver International Airport). Some larger airports have more than one terminal, each with one or more concourses (such as New York's JFK Airport). Still other larger airports have multiple terminals each of which incorporate the functions of a concourse (such as Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport).

3.1.1 Requirements of the terminal building:

Airline counters Area for customs Area for managerial activities Waiting hall Washrooms Food stalls VIP waiting hall Clinic Check-In area Baggage counters Control room Area for crew

3.1.2 Ground floor plan:

42

3.1.3 First floor plan:

The waters tanks are placed above the toilets in the first floor with a depth of 5ft each.

Dimensions:

43

The terminal building planed consists lateral dimension of 58m and longitudinal dimension of 105m. Total area of the ground floor is 3690sq.m and that of first floor is 3315sq.m

Ground floor plan first floor plan

s.no. Room No. Of units

Length×

Breath (m)

Area (sq.m.)

Room No. Of

units

Length×

Breath (m)

Area (sq.m.)

1 Manager 2 8×4 32 Clinic 1 8×4 32

2 Office 2 8×4 32 VIP 1 8×4 32

3 Toilets 2 10×8 80 Toilet 2 10×8 80

4 Crew 2 10×8 80 Customs 2 9×6.5 58.5

5 Customs 2 12×10 120 Control 1 15×15 225

3.1.4 Archicad:

ArchiCAD is an architectural BIM CAD software for Macintosh and Windows developed by the Hungarian company GRAPHISOFT. ArchiCAD offers computer aided solutions for handling all common aspects of aesthetics and engineering during the whole design process of the built environment — buildings, interiors, urban areas, etc.

Development of ArchiCAD started in 1982 for the original Apple Macintosh. ArchiCAD is recognized as the first CAD product on a personal computer able to create both 2D drawings and parametric 3D geometry. In its debut in 1987, with GRAPHISOFT's "Virtual Building" concept, ArchiCAD also became the first BIM CAD software in the world. Today more than 100,000 architects are using it in the building design industry.

The following are the screenshots of the terminal building drawn in ArchiCAD.

44

3.2 TERMINAL BUILDING DESIGN

3.2.1 Loads:

The loads considered for the design of terminal building are live load, dead load, Roof load, seismic load, wind load and hydrostatic load for water tanks.

Live load:

The live load is considered for the design from Indian standard code IS: 875 (part2).

The airport building falls under the building classification-assembly building. For assembly the imposed given by the code are as follows:

a) Assembly areas:

1) With fixed seats – 4 KN/m2

2) Without fixed seats – 5 KN/m2

b) Restaurant (subject to assembly), museums and art galleries and gymnasia – 4 KN/m2

c) Office rooms, kitchens and laundries – 3 KN/m2

d) Toilets and bathrooms – 2 KN/m2

e) Corridors, passages, staircases including fire escapes – 4 KN/m2

Dead load:

The dead loads are considered as that are given by the Indian standard code IS: 875(part1).

Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 25 KN/m2

Unit weight of brick wall = 18.85 KN/m2

46

Roof load:

The roof load is nothing but the imposed load on the roof given by IS: 875(part2)

The uniformly distributed load on the curved roof is given by the following formula.

UDL = (0.75 – 0.52 y2) KN/m2

Y = hl

Where, h = rise of the curve and l = width of the curved span.

For bay1(roof span parallel to lateral direction of building):

Y = 3.528

= 0.125

UDL = 4.945 KN/m2

For bay2 (roof span parallel to longitudinal direction):

Y = 5

25 = 0.2

UDL = 4.22 KN/m2

Minimum imposed load on the curved roof is 0.4 KN/m2

Seismic load:

The seismic load is calculated using the code IS: 1893-2002.the STAAD pro software will generate the seismic load automatically by using the entered code. However, we has to calculate the maximum duration of seismic load acting on each member. This is given by the formula T = 0.09 h

√d

Where, h = height of the building and d = length of the building in the direction of earthquake.

The seismic load duration on every member in the longitudinal direction and lateral direction is 0.14sec and 0.27sec respectively.

Wind load:

Wind load cannot be assigned directly by applying code on staad pro we has to calculate wind intensities with respect to height of the building.

Design wind speed Vz = VbK1K2K3.

Where,

Vb = basic wind speed

K1 = risk co-efficient

K2 = size factor

K3 = topography factor

47

Vb for vizag is 50kmph. We consider the design life of 100 years then from table given in code we get K1 = 1.08

K2:

s.no. height K2

1 Upto 10m 0.99

2 10m – 15m 1.03

3 15m- 20m 1.06

Design wind pressure Pz = 0.6Vz2

s.no. Height (m) Design wind speed (Vz)

Design wind pressure (Pz) in KN/m2

1 Upto 10 53.46 1.71478296

2 10-20 55.62 1.85615064

3 15-20 57.24 1.96585056

Hydrostatic load:

The hydrostatic load acts in the form of triangular loading on all the side walls of the water tank and as a uniform pressure at the bottom surface.

Bottom pressure(p) = g×h

g = 9.81 and h = 5ft = 1.524m

p = 14.95 KN/m2

The triangular load will vary from 0KN/m2 to 14.95 KN/m2 on all the side walls

3.2.2 Load combinations:

The load combinations are given by the code IS: 875(part5) and are as follows.

1. DL+IL = 1.5DL + 1.5IL2. DL+WL = 1.5DL + 1.5WL3. DL+EL = 1.5DL + 1.5EL4. DL+ IL+WL(or)EL = 1.2DL + 1.2IL + 1.2EL

The superstructure design is done using STAAD pro v8i and the foundation design is done by using STAAD foundation v8i.

48

3.2.3 STAAD pro v8i:

STAAD or (STAAD.Pro) is a structural analysis and design computer program originally developed by Research Engineers International in Yorba Linda, CA. In late 2005, Research Engineers International was bought by Bentley Systems.

An older version called STAAD-III for windows is used by Iowa State University for educational purposes for civil and structural engineers.

The commercial version STAAD.Pro is one of the most widely used structural analysis and design software. It supports several steel, concrete and timber design codes.

It can make use of various forms of analysis from the traditional 1st order static analysis, 2nd order p-delta analysis, geometric nonlinear analysis or a buckling analysis. It can also make use of various forms of dynamic analysis from modal extraction to time history and response spectrum analysis.

In recent years it has become part of integrated structural analysis and design solutions mainly using an exposed API called OpenSTAAD to access and drive the program using an VB macro system included in the application or other by including Open STAAD functionality in applications that themselves include suitable programmable macro systems. Additionally STAAD.Pro has added direct links to applications such as RAM Connection and STAAD.Foundation to provide engineers working with those applications which handle design post processing not handled by STAAD.Pro itself. Another form of integration supported by STAAD.Pro is the analysis schema of the CIMsteel Integration Standard, version 2 commonly known as CIS/2 and used by a number modelling and analysis applications.

The modelling view of the terminal:

49

The 3D rendering view of the terminal:

Loads given in STAAD pro:

The floor load of 4 KN/m2 is used for design purpose as the building contains fixed seats.

The roof load of 5 KN/m 2 is applied on bay1 and 4.5 KN/m2 is applied on bay2.

The seismic load is applied in both X and Z directions with the durations of 0.14sec and 0.27sec respectively.

Dead load is applied on the whole structure. The following are the load cases given in the STAAD pro for the design purpose.

Load case 1 – seismic X

Load case 2 – seismic Z

Load case 3 – dead load

Load case 4 – live load

Load case 5 – roof load

Load case 6 – wind load

50

3.2.4 3D view of loads applied:

Seismic X:

Seismic Z:

51

Dead load:

Live load:

52

Roof load:

Wind load:

53

3.2.5 Deflections and Stresses:

Deflection of member in +ve Z view:

Stress acting on the slabs:

55

3.2.6 DESIGN OUTPUT OF TERMINAL BUILDING FROM

STAAD PRO

B E A M N O. 73 D E S I G N R E S U L T S

M30 Fe415 (Main) Fe415 (Sec.)

LENGTH: 12000.0 mm SIZE: 700.0 mm X 500.0 mm COVER: 25.0 mm

SUMMARY OF REINF. AREA (Sq.mm)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SECTION 0.0 mm 3000.0 mm 6000.0 mm 9000.0 mm 12000 mm

-------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1092.95 0.00 0.00 672.42 2224.46

REINF. (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm)

BOTTOM 663.10 964.82 663.10 663.10 0.00


-------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINF. AREA

-------------------------------------------------------------

SECTION 0.0 mm 3000.0 mm 6000.0 mm 9000.0 mm 12000.0 mm

-------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 10-12í 2-12í 2-12í 6-12í 20-12í

REINF. 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 2 layer(s)

BOTTOM 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 2-25í


SHEAR 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í

REINF. @ 120 mm c/c @ 120 mm c/c @ 120 mm c/c @ 120 mm c/c @ 120 mm c/c

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE d (EFFECTIVE DEPTH) FROM FACE OF THE SUPPORT

SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT 1215.0 mm AWAY FROM START SUPPORT

VY = 66.21 MX = -2.22 LD= 4

Provide 2 Legged 8í @ 120 mm c/c

SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT 965.0 mm AWAY FROM END SUPPORT

VY = -96.88 MX = -7.35 LD= 3


============================================================================




STAAD SPACE -- PAGE NO. 27


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TOP 673.86 0.00 0.00 673.86 1792.17


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00


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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

56

TOP 9-10í 2-10í 2-10í 9-10í 23-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 48.73 MX = 0.28 LD= 4



VY = -82.49 MX = 3.61 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 0.00 673.86 673.86 1734.27


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00


----------------------------------------------------------------------------



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 2-10í 9-10í 9-10í 23-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 47.77 MX = 0.28 LD= 4



VY = -82.34 MX = 0.72 LD= 3


============================================================================




57


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


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TOP 1580.18 669.55 0.00 0.00 669.55


BOTTOM 0.00 669.55 669.55 682.03 792.03


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 14-12í 6-12í 2-12í 2-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 2-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í






VY = 83.34 MX = 5.45 LD= 3



VY = -29.55 MX = 1.96 LD= 4

Provide 2 Legged 8í @ 120 mm c/c ============================================================================





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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 0.00 0.00 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


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TOP 6-12í 2-12í 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




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58


VY = -6.60 MX = -10.15 LD= 3



VY = -42.11 MX = -10.15 LD= 3


===========================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 0.00 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


---------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 9.43 MX = 4.07 LD= 3



VY = -26.07 MX = 4.07 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


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59

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




--------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 12.20 MX = 20.49 LD= 3



VY = -23.30 MX = 20.49 LD= 3


============================================================================





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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 1026.18 2228.62


BOTTOM 2005.57 1080.03 672.42 672.42 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 10-12í 20-12í


BOTTOM 10-16í 6-16í 5-16í 5-16í 2-16í






VY = -141.92 MX = 15.42 LD= 3



VY = -166.29 MX = 15.42 LD= 3


============================================================================



60



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 2380.54 1134.24 672.42 0.00 672.42


BOTTOM 0.00 0.00 672.42 1052.33 2013.28


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 12-16í 6-16í 5-16í 2-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 2-12í 2-12í 6-12í 10-12í 18-12í




---------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 171.64 MX = 15.84 LD= 3



VY = 148.51 MX = 15.84 LD= 3


============================================================================





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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 801.49 0.00 672.42 672.42 1442.85


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00


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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 8-12í 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í 13-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í


61





VY = 67.87 MX = 0.00 LD= 4



VY = -75.54 MX = 1.63 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 1000.83 2160.75


BOTTOM 1892.83 1008.74 672.42 672.42 0.00


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 7-20í


BOTTOM 17-12í 9-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = -138.23 MX = -12.20 LD= 3



VY = -161.36 MX = -12.20 LD= 3


============================================================================





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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 0.00 673.86 1821.78 3765.87

62


BOTTOM 2588.15 1137.67 673.86 673.86 0.00


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 2-20í 5-20í 6-20í 12-20í


BOTTOM 33-10í 15-10í 9-10í 9-10í 2-10í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = -204.35 MX = -18.04 LD= 3



VY = -225.63 MX = -18.04 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 712.11


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


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TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




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63

VY = 0.28 MX = 57.24 LD= 3



VY = -30.28 MX = 57.24 LD= 3


============================================================================





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BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


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----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 6.27 MX = 5.17 LD= 3



VY = -29.24 MX = 5.17 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


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64

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í

REINF. 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s

BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í



REINF. @ 120 mm c/c @ 120 mm c/c @ 120 mm c/c @ 120 mm c/c @ 120 mm c/



VY = 25.28 MX = -10.26 LD= 3



VY = -10.22 MX = -10.26 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 1358.50 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 1158.21


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 7-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 15-10í






VY = 107.91 MX = 8.51 LD= 3



VY = 83.54 MX = 8.51 LD= 3


============================================================================



65



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TOP 672.42 0.00 672.42 715.09 1503.34


BOTTOM 1220.20 689.06 672.42 0.00 0.00


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TOP 5-20í 2-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í


BOTTOM 11-12í 7-12í 6-12í 2-12í 2-12í






VY = -89.61 MX = -13.48 LD= 3



VY = -112.75 MX = -13.48 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 673.86 0.00 673.86 673.86 1137.19


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



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BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




66



VY = 37.84 MX = 0.28 LD= 4



VY = -63.94 MX = 5.30 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 695.88 1494.03


BOTTOM 1241.93 700.50 673.86 673.86 673.86


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TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í


BOTTOM 11-12í 7-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = -91.28 MX = 11.35 LD= 3



VY = -114.41 MX = 11.35 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 1451.91


BOTTOM 1221.93 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


67


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TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 13-12í


BOTTOM 11-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = -93.77 MX = 2.67 LD= 3



VY = -118.14 MX = 2.67 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 1861.26 666.69 666.69 666.69 1835.79


BOTTOM 663.10 663.10 960.47 663.10 0.00


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TOP 6-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 6-20í


BOTTOM 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 2-25í






VY = 99.41 MX = 0.02 LD= 4



VY = -101.56 MX = 0.02 LD= 4


============================================================================


68


LENGTH: 10000.0 mm SIZE: 700.0 mm X 500.0 mm COVER: 25.0 m


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


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TOP 4387.15 1214.59 666.69 666.69 666.69


BOTTOM 666.69 666.69 1080.07 2875.25 4368.46


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 14-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í


BOTTOM 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 10-20í 14-20í






VY = 165.51 MX = 19.07 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 4816.91 1423.44 669.55 0.00 669.55


BOTTOM 666.69 666.69 1161.33 3053.18 4673.89



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TOP 24-16í 8-16í 5-16í 2-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 10-20í 15-20í






69

VY = 169.49 MX = -36.17 LD= 3


============================================================================





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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1869.04 666.69 666.69 666.69 1831.64


BOTTOM 663.10 663.10 958.62 663.10 663.10


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 6-20í


BOTTOM 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í






VY = 99.53 MX = 0.01 LD= 4



VY = -101.44 MX = 0.01 LD= 4


============================================================================





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TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


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70

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TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 8.03 MX = 26.67 LD= 3



VY = -17.58 MX = 26.67 LD= 3


============================================================================





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TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


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TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 11.25 MX = -39.90 LD= 3



VY = -14.35 MX = -39.90 LD= 3


============================================================================





71

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TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 12.89 MX = 61.85 LD= 3



VY = -9.63 MX = 61.85 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




72



VY = 10.84 MX = -53.90 LD= 3



VY = -11.67 MX = -53.90 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 31.75 MX = 10.37 LD= 3



VY = -30.97 MX = 10.37 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 960.59 673.86 673.86 673.86 2330.91


BOTTOM 669.55 995.66 669.55 669.55 669.55



73

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 13-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 30-10í


BOTTOM 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í






VY = 60.75 MX = 0.32 LD= 4



VY = -100.28 MX = -0.20 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 722.37


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 54.23 MX = 0.94 LD= 4

Provide 2 Legged 10í @ 200 mm c/


VY = -58.44 MX = 0.94 LD= 4


============================================================================


74




----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 2188.31 672.42 672.42 672.42 2160.58


BOTTOM 672.42 891.79 1210.34 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 7-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 7-20í


BOTTOM 6-12í 8-12í 11-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 119.85 MX = 1.78 LD= 4



VY = -128.69 MX = 1.78 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5846.02 1743.59 0.00 663.10 686.94


BOTTOM 1409.81 663.10 1400.86 3333.94 4923.94


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 12-25í 5-25í 2-25í 5-25í 5-25í


BOTTOM 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 11-20í 16-20í



75




VY = 167.38 MX = 14.95 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1314.97 673.86 673.86 673.86 1705.38


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 733.23 673.86 673.86


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 17-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 22-10í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 94.82 MX = -1.09 LD= 4



VY = -95.21 MX = -1.09 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 692.91 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


76

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 61.16 MX = 0.18 LD= 4



VY = -57.13 MX = 0.18 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 1714.57


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 22-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 46.08 MX = 0.53 LD= 4



VY = -81.82 MX = 0.81 LD= 3


============================================================================



77



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1670.93 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 15-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 80.62 MX = -0.13 LD= 3



VY = -49.51 MX = 0.06 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1285.02 673.86 0.00 673.86 1644.64


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 734.85 673.86 673.86


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 17-10í 9-10í 2-10í 9-10í 21-10í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í



78




VY = 93.26 MX = -0.02 LD= 4



VY = -95.72 MX = -0.02 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 694.90 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 61.23 MX = 0.33 LD= 4



VY = -57.06 MX = 0.33 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1250.28 673.86 673.86 673.86 1258.68


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 746.36 673.86 673.86

79


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 16-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 17-10í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 96.32 MX = -0.04 LD= 4



VY = -97.94 MX = -0.04 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1395.84 673.86 673.86 673.86 1361.36


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 833.51 673.86 673.86



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 7-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 7-16í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 11-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 57.07 MX = 44.95 LD= 3



80

VY = -48.94 MX = 44.95 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1337.67 673.86 673.86 673.86 1395.53


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 846.44 673.86 673.86


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 7-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 7-16í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 11-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 49.40 MX = -47.91 LD= 3



VY = -56.61 MX = -47.91 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1317.30 673.86 673.86 673.86 1207.15


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 740.59 673.86 673.86


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

81

TOP 17-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 16-10í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 98.12 MX = -0.16 LD= 4



VY = -96.14 MX = -0.16 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1629.28 673.86 673.86 673.86 1152.47


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 698.59 673.86 0.00


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 21-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 15-10í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 2-10í






VY = 104.96 MX = -1.28 LD= 4



VY = -89.46 MX = -1.28 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------

82


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 828.23


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 11-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 59.66 MX = 1.31 LD= 4



VY = -74.72 MX = 1.31 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1793.30 673.86 673.86 0.00 673.86


BOTTOM 0.00 673.86 952.74 1067.51 826.85



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 23-10í 9-10í 9-10í 2-10í 9-10í


BOTTOM 2-10í 9-10í 13-10í 14-10í 11-10í






83

VY = 80.04 MX = 38.42 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 1615.06


BOTTOM 784.24 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 21-10í


BOTTOM 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 29.46 MX = -0.19 LD= 4



VY = -85.30 MX = 0.06 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 813.27 2151.59


BOTTOM 996.77 693.26 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 7-20í


84

BOTTOM 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í






VY = 54.82 MX = 0.70 LD= 4



VY = -98.50 MX = 0.89 LD= 3


============================================================================






----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 668.55 672.42 672.42 1133.30 2505.15


BOTTOM 2225.07 1126.88 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 8-20í


BOTTOM 20-12í 10-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




---------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = -163.06 MX = 5.38 LD= 3



VY = -187.43 MX = 5.38 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------

85


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 3037.34 1442.66 673.86 673.86 673.86


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 673.86 1347.23 2610.62



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 27-12í 13-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 7-16í 13-16í






VY = 198.56 MX = 35.33 LD= 3



VY = 175.43 MX = 35.33 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 1579.86


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 14-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 37.92 MX = -0.06 LD= 4


86


VY = -80.48 MX = 0.19 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 669.55 673.86 673.86 1261.86 2596.90


BOTTOM 2372.54 1266.13 673.86 673.86 673.86


---------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 12-12í 23-12í


BOTTOM 21-12í 12-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = -157.93 MX = -32.47 LD= 3



VY = -181.07 MX = -32.47 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 4168.92 1983.66 673.86 673.86 669.55


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 673.86 1219.72 2905.47


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

87

TOP 21-16í 10-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 16-10í 37-10í






VY = 251.57 MX = -9.21 LD= 3



VY = 230.30 MX = -9.21 LD= 3


============================================================================






----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 0.00 673.86 673.86 1795.42


BOTTOM 894.26 730.18 672.42 672.42 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 2-10í 9-10í 9-10í 23-10í


BOTTOM 8-12í 7-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í






VY = 58.25 MX = -5.73 LD= 4



VY = -86.34 MX = -11.85 LD= 3


============================================================================





88

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 918.60 0.00 673.86 673.86 1602.13


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00


----------------------------------------------------------------------------



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-16í 2-16í 5-16í 5-16í 8-16í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í






VY = 75.64 MX = 0.04 LD= 4



VY = -80.35 MX = 1.89 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 3203.52 1384.07 672.42 0.00 711.91


BOTTOM 0.00 672.42 672.42 845.55 1424.13


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 16-16í 7-16í 5-16í 2-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í 8-12í 13-12í




89




VY = 112.72 MX = 16.38 LD= 3



VY = 45.06 MX = 16.38 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 688.09 672.42 672.42 672.42 783.24


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 32.37 MX = 26.35 LD= 3



VY = -27.25 MX = 26.35 LD= 3






----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 800.19


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


90


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 56.39 MX = 0.54 LD= 4



VY = -61.90 MX = 0.54 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 796.06


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 56.36 MX = -0.59 LD= 4



VY = -61.93 MX = -0.59 LD= 4


============================================================================


91




----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 0.00 0.00 673.86 1959.96


BOTTOM 1307.06 975.15 673.86 673.86 0.00


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-25í 2-25í 2-25í 5-25í 5-25í


BOTTOM 17-10í 13-10í 9-10í 9-10í 2-10í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = -28.09 MX = -4.31 LD= 3



VY = -98.85 MX = -4.31 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 0.00 673.86 673.86 1616.46


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 2-10í 9-10í 9-10í 21-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í



92




VY = 47.34 MX = -0.34 LD= 4



VY = -78.57 MX = -1.09 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1730.89 673.86 0.00 673.86 673.86


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 23-10í 9-10í 2-10í 9-10í 9-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 79.13 MX = -12.99 LD= 3



VY = -46.65 MX = -4.12 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1133.57 672.42 672.42 672.42 1812.41


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


93


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 6-20í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 67.26 MX = 5.36 LD= 4



VY = -82.43 MX = 14.72 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




---------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 18.14 MX = 2.10 LD= 4



VY = -24.95 MX = -2.35 LD= 3


============================================================================

94





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 26.13 MX = -17.97 LD= 3



VY = -9.37 MX = -17.97 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í



95




VY = 24.47 MX = 19.27 LD= 3



VY = -11.04 MX = 19.27 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 23.82 MX = -2.98 LD= 3



VY = -13.96 MX = -5.47 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


96


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 39.66 MX = 2.84 LD= 3



VY = -32.96 MX = 2.84 LD= 3


============================================================================






----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 978.99 0.00 673.86 673.86 1712.82


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 13-10í 2-10í 9-10í 9-10í 22-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í






VY = 62.31 MX = -0.38 LD= 4



VY = -82.54 MX = -1.07 LD= 3


97

============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 2215.49 0.00 673.86 673.86 2110.54


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 1244.32 673.86 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 20-12í 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í 19-12í


BOTTOM 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 2-20í






VY = 129.35 MX = -4.39 LD= 4



VY = -128.10 MX = -4.39 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 691.56 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í

98






VY = 61.10 MX = -0.17 LD= 4



VY = -57.18 MX = -0.17 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 0.00 672.42 672.42 1647.93


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 2-10í 9-10í 9-10í 21-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í




----------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 45.01 MX = -0.09 LD= 4



VY = -79.31 MX = 1.21 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 916.49 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42

99


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




---------------------------------------------------------------------------



VY = 64.71 MX = -0.90 LD= 4



VY = -53.58 MX = -0.90 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1745.06 673.86 673.86 673.86 1276.68


BOTTOM 0.00 673.86 752.07 673.86 673.86


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 23-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 17-10í


BOTTOM 2-10í 9-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 79.46 MX = 11.57 LD= 3


100


VY = -95.46 MX = 3.98 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1265.99 673.86 673.86 673.86 1580.77


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 734.87 673.86 673.86

REINF. (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 12-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 14-12í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 92.49 MX = 0.07 LD= 4



VY = -96.49 MX = 0.07 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1583.89 672.42 672.42 0.00 672.42


BOTTOM 0.00 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

101

TOP 8-16í 5-16í 5-16í 2-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 77.78 MX = -0.01 LD= 3



VY = -49.18 MX = -0.04 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 691.35


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 57.74 MX = -0.27 LD= 4



VY = -60.55 MX = -0.27 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


102

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 2115.80


BOTTOM 1691.41 1200.71 673.86 673.86 673.86



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 27-10í


BOTTOM 15-12í 11-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = -47.42 MX = 2.30 LD= 3



VY = -108.90 MX = 2.30 LD= 3


============================================================================






----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1975.48 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 1052.52 1431.44


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 10-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 10-12í 13-12í






VY = 102.11 MX = 3.03 LD= 3

103



VY = 31.35 MX = 3.03 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 53.61 MX = 0.25 LD= 4



VY = -55.23 MX = 0.25 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1206.39 673.86 673.86 673.86 1317.67


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 741.06 673.86 673.86



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


104

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 16-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 17-10í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 92.15 MX = 0.18 LD= 4



VY = -100.77 MX = 0.18 LD= 4


=========================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1249.78 673.86 673.86 673.86 1260.21


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 745.85 673.86 673.86



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 16-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 17-10í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 96.29 MX = -0.04 LD= 4



VY = -97.97 MX = -0.04 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------

105


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1336.83 673.86 673.86 673.86 1398.78


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 848.67 673.86 673.86



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 7-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 7-16í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 11-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 95.54 MX = 11.17 LD= 4



VY = -104.89 MX = 11.17 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1363.94 673.86 673.86 673.86 1396.93


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 835.09 673.86 673.86



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 7-16í 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 7-16í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 11-10í 9-10í 9-10í






106

VY = 95.97 MX = -11.05 LD= 4



VY = -104.45 MX = -11.05 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1160.97 673.86 673.86 766.68 2189.31


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 697.04 673.86 673.86



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 7-20í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 90.93 MX = 1.26 LD= 4



VY = -103.49 MX = 1.26 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 4920.33 1684.96 666.69 666.69 666.69


BOTTOM 666.69 666.69 741.14 2106.85 3441.39



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


107

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 16-20í 6-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í


BOTTOM 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 7-20í 11-20í






VY = 165.88 MX = 4.43 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 3660.74 2687.87 1848.44 1137.33 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 894.47



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 33-12í 24-12í 17-12í 11-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 8-12í






VY = 204.51 MX = -112.47 LD= 3


============================================================================






----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 8050.93 4526.34 995.81 666.69 1482.17


108

BOTTOM 3614.25 0.00 666.69 3272.05 6035.17



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 26-20í 15-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í


BOTTOM 18-16í 2-16í 5-16í 17-16í 31-16í






VY = 251.50 MX = -113.60 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 8009.68 4906.14 1496.46 662.31 1795.49


BOTTOM 3468.71 669.55 1258.67 3757.52 6287.27



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 10-32í 7-32í 4-32í 4-32í 4-32í


BOTTOM 8-25í 5-25í 5-25í 8-25í 13-25í






VY = 237.95 MX = 188.87 LD= 3


============================================================================





109

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 1410.37


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 18-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í







VY = 24.29 MX = -0.22 LD= 3



VY = -73.06 MX = -0.22 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 0.00 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í





110


VY = 36.96 MX = 0.31 LD= 3



VY = -38.13 MX = 0.31 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 1423.40


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 13-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 23.84 MX = 0.19 LD= 3



VY = -73.51 MX = 0.19 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



111

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 38.10 MX = 0.66 LD= 3



VY = -36.99 MX = 0.66 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 1341.16


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 12-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 26.46 MX = -0.64 LD= 3



VY = -70.89 MX = -0.64 LD= 3


============================================================================




112


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 0.00 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 34.55 MX = 0.47 LD= 3



VY = -40.54 MX = 0.47 LD= 3


===========================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í




113



VY = 41.41 MX = 1.10 LD= 3



VY = -33.68 MX = 1.10 LD= 3

Provide 2 Legged 10í @ 200 mm c/

============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 0.00 0.00 672.42 672.42 1368.02


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 2-16í 2-16í 5-16í 5-16í 7-16í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í






VY = 25.67 MX = -0.23 LD= 3



VY = -71.68 MX = -0.23 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 0.00 673.86 983.07


BOTTOM 673.86 801.68 708.14 673.86 673.86



----------------------------------------------------------------------------

114


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-16í 5-16í 2-16í 5-16í 5-16í


BOTTOM 9-10í 11-10í 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í






VY = 34.69 MX = 6.75 LD= 3



VY = -77.50 MX = 6.75 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 0.00 672.42 672.42 673.86


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í






VY = 41.19 MX = 1.35 LD= 3



VY = -50.60 MX = 1.35 LD= 3


============================================================================




115


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 0.00 0.00 673.86 673.86 753.77


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 2-10í 2-10í 9-10í 9-10í 10-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 2-12í






VY = 43.63 MX = -4.32 LD= 3



VY = -68.56 MX = -4.32 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






116

VY = 42.81 MX = 14.28 LD= 3



VY = -48.97 MX = 14.28 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 663.10 669.55 669.55 2766.92 6374.09


BOTTOM 4587.01 2343.84 742.96 0.00 1765.22


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 6-25í 13-25í


BOTTOM 23-16í 12-16í 5-16í 2-16í 9-16í






VY = -197.71 MX = -14.73 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 8368.56 3878.39 666.69 0.00 2852.32


BOTTOM 3947.49 666.69 1016.67 4652.92 7324.40



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 4-60í 4-60í 4-60í 2-60í 4-60í

117


BOTTOM 9-25í 5-25í 5-25í 10-25í 15-25í






VY = 247.23 MX = -82.54 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1830.94 666.69 666.69 3816.36 7983.31


BOTTOM 6361.55 3817.67 865.06 666.69 3545.34



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 4-32í 4-32í 4-32í 5-32í 10-32í


BOTTOM 13-25í 8-25í 5-25í 5-25í 8-25í






VY = -227.92 MX = 82.62 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 1229.74 2023.31 2965.06 4070.41


BOTTOM 1106.54 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



118

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 11-12í 18-12í 27-12í 36-12í


BOTTOM 10-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = -231.82 MX = -130.96 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 1104.61 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 10-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 34.60 MX = -47.86 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.87 669.55 0.00 2178.68 6277.79

119


BOTTOM 5278.71 3758.51 1623.38 666.69 1781.40



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 2-20í 7-20í 20-20í


BOTTOM 17-20í 12-20í 6-20í 5-20í 6-20í






VY = -180.29 MX = 76.61 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6299.16 3516.62 1048.67 672.42 663.10


BOTTOM 1687.60 672.42 672.42 1969.27 3941.72



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 13-25í 8-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í


BOTTOM 15-12í 6-12í 6-12í 18-12í 35-12í






VY = 190.74 MX = 94.70 LD= 3


============================================================================



120



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 768.84 666.69 666.69 2475.50 6382.94


BOTTOM 5372.38 4028.53 1791.63 666.69 1852.73



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-16í 5-16í 5-16í 13-16í 32-16í


BOTTOM 11-25í 9-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í






VY = -174.84 MX = -126.81 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42


BOTTOM 1404.11 2009.17 2184.15 1905.99 1210.66



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 5-20í 7-20í 7-20í 7-20í 5-20í




============================================================================



121



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 666.69 669.55 1920.37 5492.38 9043.45


BOTTOM 4829.85 1872.55 669.55 910.44 4663.31



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 7-20í 18-20í 29-20í


BOTTOM 10-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 10-25í






VY = -238.19 MX = -91.70 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 666.69 666.69 1052.09 3725.44 6570.80


BOTTOM 3752.47 1329.03 666.69 666.69 2058.83



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 12-20í 21-20í


BOTTOM 12-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 7-20í




SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE d (EFFECTIVE DEPTH) FROM FACE OF THE SUPPOR


VY = -296.88 MX = -20.46 LD= 3


122

============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 666.69 669.55 1468.28 4329.14 7043.08


BOTTOM 4577.86 1817.77 669.55 0.00 2551.34



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 14-20í 23-20í


BOTTOM 23-16í 10-16í 5-16í 2-16í 13-16í






VY = -300.18 MX = 85.16 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 0.00 673.86 673.86 672.42


BOTTOM 673.86 673.86 695.08 673.86 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6-12í 2-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í


BOTTOM 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 2-10í




123

============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86 1803.09


BOTTOM 663.10 792.49 935.39 663.10 663.10



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 23-10í


BOTTOM 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í






VY = -112.37 MX = -3.65 LD= 4


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 672.42 0.00 672.42 704.71 1983.76


BOTTOM 1556.65 1271.62 679.44 0.00 0.00



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-16í 2-16í 5-16í 5-16í 10-16í


BOTTOM 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í 2-20í 2-20í




124



VY = -97.12 MX = 42.38 LD= 3


============================================================================






----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 674.96 0.00 669.55 2063.98 6132.18


BOTTOM 4266.69 2630.90 1432.62 669.55 1626.03



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-16í 2-16í 5-16í 11-16í 31-16í


BOTTOM 14-20í 9-20í 5-20í 5-20í 6-20í






VY = -178.96 MX = -5.43 LD= 3


============================================================================






----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 6573.89 2499.71 669.55 669.55 984.34


BOTTOM 2086.72 669.55 920.97 3102.37 5521.01



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 21-20í 8-20í 5-20í 5-20í 5-20í


125

BOTTOM 11-16í 5-16í 5-16í 16-16í 28-16í






VY = 212.62 MX = 8.32 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 666.69 666.69 666.69 2480.52 6358.28


BOTTOM 5022.29 2779.75 891.66 666.69 1827.61



----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 5-25í 5-25í 5-25í 6-25í 13-25í


BOTTOM 16-20í 9-20í 5-20í 5-20í 6-20í






VY = -203.64 MX = -7.22 LD= 3


============================================================================





----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 738.07 673.86 673.86 673.86 673.86


BOTTOM 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42 672.42



----------------------------------------------------------------------------

126


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

TOP 10-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í 9-10í


BOTTOM 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í 6-12í






VY = 37.11 MX = -18.71 LD= 3



VY = -35.50 MX = -18.71 LD= 3


********************END OF BEAM DESIGN RESULTS*******************

763. DESIGN COLUMN 1 TO 39 42 43 47 TO 49 55 TO 72 178 TO 187 190 TO 192 -

764. 195 TO 201 205 TO 211 214 TO 225 231 TO 234 237 238 241 TO 253 258 TO 261 -

765. 1789 TO 1800 1805 1806

C O L U M N N O. 1 D E S I G N R E S U L T S


LENGTH: 6096.0 mm CROSS SECTION: 2000.0 mm X 1500.0 mm COVER: 40.0 mm

** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 3 END JOINT: 73 SHORT COLUMN

REQD. STEEL AREA : 35025.78 Sq.mm.

REQD. CONCRETE AREA: 2964974.25 Sq.mm.

MAIN REINFORCEMENT : Provide 112 - 20 dia. (1.17%, 35185.84 Sq.mm.)

(Equally distributed)

TIE REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 mm dia. rectangular ties @ 300 mm c/c

SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED (KNS-MET)

----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 50928.93 Muz1 : 9766.10 Muy1 : 13193.28

INTERACTION RATIO: 1.00 (as per Cl. 39.6, IS456:2000)

SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT PROVIDED (KNS-MET)

----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

END JOINT: 73 Puz : 50976.59 Muz : 11695.38 Muy : 13281.90 IR: 0.83

============================================================================










127


Puz : 57635.98 Muz1 : 13917.17 Muy1 : 18880.94



WORST LOAD CASE: 3


**** ITERATIONS EXCEED 500.

WHILE CALCULATING COLUMN MOMENT CAPACITY













Puz : 111320.10 Muz1 : 52534.06 Muy1 : 34366.93



WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











Puz : 110655.20 Muz1 : 43475.46 Muy1 : 55152.86



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================





============================================================================


128










----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 116107.73 Muz1 : 59243.38 Muy1 : 38691.17



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 54552.96 Muz1 : 12263.05 Muy1 : 16603.97



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 24429.97 Muz1 : 2895.48 Muy1 : 4432.41



129

----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 24253.11 Muz1 : 2960.26 Muy1 : 4527.48



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 23909.77 Muz1 : 2399.01 Muy1 : 3672.36



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











130

----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19434.07 Muz1 : 2562.56 Muy1 : 2113.23



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================



LENGTH: 6096.0 mm CROSS SECTION: 800.0 mm dia. COVER: 40.0 mm






TIE REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 mm dia. circular ties @ 255 mm c/c


----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 9151.14 Muz1 : 1050.62 Muy1 : 1050.62



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


=========================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19370.77 Muz1 : 2798.12 Muy1 : 2309.70



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================







131





----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19537.59 Muz1 : 2674.98 Muy1 : 2205.98



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================












----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19154.55 Muz1 : 2390.31 Muy1 : 1972.04



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================




** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 1 END JOINT: 84 TENSION COLUMN







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 7983.16 Muz1 : 452.83 Muy1 : 452.83



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================


132










----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19153.56 Muz1 : 2668.69 Muy1 : 2204.02



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19355.82 Muz1 : 2590.83 Muy1 : 2137.28



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1554.92 Muy1 : 1888.19



----------------------------------------------------------

133

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


===========================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1555.27 Muy1 : 1888.60



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1555.25 Muy1 : 1888.58



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











134

----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1553.34 Muy1 : 1886.31



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3



============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16695.56 Muz1 : 558.27 Muy1 : 673.01



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================




** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 1 END JOINT: 134 TENSION COLUM







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1555.34 Muy1 : 1888.69



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================




135








----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.30 Muy1 : 1555.02



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


STAAD SPACE -- PAGE NO. 381 ============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.43 Muy1 : 1555.12



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================




** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 1 END JOINT: 132 TENSION COLUM







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1887.57 Muy1 : 1554.40



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

136


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.65 Muy1 : 1555.31



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1555.04 Muy1 : 1888.33



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================




** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 3 END JOINT: 68 SHORT COLUM







137

----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16794.43 Muz1 : 606.35 Muy1 : 731.77



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1555.30 Muy1 : 1888.65



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 47646.00 Muz1 : 5933.45 Muy1 : 8018.26



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================







138





----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19154.34 Muz1 : 2360.34 Muy1 : 1947.24



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19480.33 Muz1 : 2704.75 Muy1 : 2231.33



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19110.92 Muz1 : 2606.63 Muy1 : 2152.40



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

END JOINT: 64 Puz : 19123.15 Muz : 2613.53 Muy : 2158.07 IR: 1.00 ===========================================================================



139









----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19523.70 Muz1 : 2599.08 Muy1 : 2142.64



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19379.93 Muz1 : 2845.13 Muy1 : 2348.69



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 20055.48 Muz1 : 3183.37 Muy1 : 2624.86



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

140


============================================================================












----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 103404.03 Muz1 : 39155.47 Muy1 : 49595.70



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19295.35 Muz1 : 1902.92 Muy1 : 2307.78



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


==========================================================================











141

----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19783.51 Muz1 : 2618.15 Muy1 : 2157.20



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 20014.21 Muz1 : 3036.46 Muy1 : 2503.66



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 20401.22 Muz1 : 3130.70 Muy1 : 2578.68



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3



============================================================================





142







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19508.07 Muz1 : 2425.16 Muy1 : 1998.99



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 47305.96 Muz1 : 7683.62 Muy1 : 10347.28



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 121161.80 Muz1 : 68927.20 Muy1 : 44947.00



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================

143











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.65 Muy1 : 1555.31



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 7235.23 Muz1 : 500.75 Muy1 : 500.75



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.58 Muy1 : 1555.25



144

----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.61 Muy1 : 1555.28



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.68 Muy1 : 1555.34



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











145

----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 7114.58 Muz1 : 542.00 Muy1 : 542.00



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.45 Muy1 : 1555.14



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================












----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 18619.24 Muz1 : 2179.16 Muy1 : 1800.12



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================





146







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19645.44 Muz1 : 2869.93 Muy1 : 2368.06



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.58 Muy1 : 1555.25



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 18467.54 Muz1 : 1982.70 Muy1 : 1638.13



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


147

============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1555.13 Muy1 : 1888.44



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


===========================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 18585.48 Muz1 : 1665.88 Muy1 : 2016.99



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19262.95 Muz1 : 2054.38 Muy1 : 2490.30

148



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1555.33 Muy1 : 1888.68



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 18688.86 Muz1 : 1744.86 Muy1 : 2112.98



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================









149



----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 18382.49 Muz1 : 1534.08 Muy1 : 1857.29



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 58044.79 Muz1 : 14274.58 Muy1 : 19369.43



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 57087.27 Muz1 : 13304.63 Muy1 : 18045.31



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================




150








----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 120436.36 Muz1 : 63652.84 Muy1 : 41508.93



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 110469.34 Muz1 : 43181.05 Muy1 : 54778.95



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3






============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 120647.21 Muz1 : 64178.77 Muy1 : 41851.04


151


----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 61423.65 Muz1 : 16468.52 Muy1 : 22385.89



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================










SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED (KNS)

------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 18051.41 KNS

SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT PROVIDED (KNS)

------------------------------------------------------

END JOINT: 146 Puz : 18601.79 KNS IR:0.00


============================================================================










152


------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 18051.41 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 18051.41 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================









153



------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 6049.09 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 6049.09 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



===========================================================================








154




----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1554.06 Muy1 : 1887.16



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================






155






------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================





156







------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19326.89 Muz1 : 2582.60 Muy1 : 2130.68



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------







157

============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.63 Muy1 : 1555.29



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

END JOINT: 202 Puz : 19073.58 Muz : 2492.02 Muy : 2059.13 IR: 0.73 ============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------

158



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.24 Muy1 : 1554.96


159


----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.65 Muy1 : 1555.30



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1555.27 Muy1 : 1888.61



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================










160


------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



===========================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 60654.60 Muz1 : 16451.79 Muy1 : 22354.06



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================







161





------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================





162







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 104590.41 Muz1 : 39810.40 Muy1 : 50440.80

INTERACTION RATIO: 1.00 (as per Cl. 39.6, IS456:2000


----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================



163









----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 57929.07 Muz1 : 14506.39 Muy1 : 19681.49



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 123093.12 Muz1 : 70673.90 Muy1 : 46053.39



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



164

============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 6049.09 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 6049.09 KNS


------------------------------------------------------

165



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 KNS

166


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



===========================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

167

Puz : 19058.40 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











168

------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 14441.13 KNS


------------------------------------------------------



============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.50 Muy1 : 1555.19



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.49 Muy1 : 1555.18



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================








169




----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16701.64 Muz1 : 558.27 Muy1 : 463.13



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.52 Muy1 : 1555.20



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.47 Muy1 : 1555.16



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================




170








----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.48 Muy1 : 1555.17



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1888.52 Muy1 : 1555.20



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16669.70 Muz1 : 532.62 Muy1 : 441.98



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

171


============================================================================




** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 3 BRACED LONG(Z) /SHORT(Y)







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16292.05 Muz1 : 301.52 Muy1 : 362.16



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

Puz : 16738.79 Muz : 546.99 Muy : 659.80 IR: 0.18

============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16292.05 Muz1 : 301.52 Muy1 : 362.16



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

Puz : 16738.79 Muz : 546.99 Muy : 659.80 IR: 0.18

============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1553.55 Muy1 : 1886.56


172


----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================




** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 3 SHORT(Z) /BRACED LONG(Y)







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19079.28 Muz1 : 2820.42 Muy1 : 2330.06



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

Puz : 19123.15 Muz : 2844.37 Muy : 2349.65 IR: 1.03

============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 6657.86 Muz1 : 655.30 Muy1 : 655.30



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================









173



----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 5270.14 Muz1 : 239.54 Muy1 : 239.54



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 19058.40 Muz1 : 1887.95 Muy1 : 1554.72



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16685.39 Muz1 : 651.18 Muy1 : 784.90



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

Puz : 16738.79 Muz : 679.84 Muy : 819.93 IR: 0.99

============================================================================





174







----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16292.05 Muz1 : 301.52 Muy1 : 362.16



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

Puz : 16738.79 Muz : 546.99 Muy : 659.80 IR: 0.22

============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 16292.05 Muz1 : 301.52 Muy1 : 362.16



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3

Puz : 16738.79 Muz : 546.99 Muy : 659.80 IR: 0.22

===========================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 5270.14 Muz1 : 239.61 Muy1 : 239.61



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================


175










----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 5452.20 Muz1 : 392.16 Muy1 : 392.16



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 6101.24 Muz1 : 493.35 Muy1 : 493.35



----------------------------------------------------------

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


============================================================================











----------------------------------------------------------

Puz : 6164.04 Muz1 : 507.10 Muy1 : 507.10



----------------------------------------------------------

176

WORST LOAD CASE: 3


********************END OF COLUMN DESIGN RESULTS********************

766. DESIGN ELEMENT 266 TO 275


ELEMENT DESIGN SUMMARY

----------------------

ELEMENT LONG. REINF MOM-X /LOAD TRANS. REINF MOM-Y /LOAD

(SQ.MM/ME) (KN-M/M) (SQ.MM/ME) (KN-M/M)

266 TOP : 192. 0.10 / 3 192. 0.20 / 3

BOTT: 192. -0.01 / 4 192. 0.00 / 5

267 TOP : 192. 0.42 / 3 192. 2.59 / 3

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 1 192. -0.01 / 5

268 TOP : 192. 5.34 / 3 192. 2.17 / 3

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 2 192. 0.00 / 2

269 TOP : 192. 0.42 / 4 192. 0.08 / 4

BOTT: 192. -1.14 / 3 192. -1.44 / 3

270 TOP : 192. 2.64 / 3 192. 0.46 / 3

BOTT: 192. -0.03 / 5 192. -0.01 / 5

271 TOP : 192. 0.10 / 3 192. 0.21 / 3

BOTT: 192. -0.01 / 4 192. 0.00 / 5

272 TOP : 192. 0.33 / 3 192. 2.47 / 3

BOTT: 192. -0.01 / 5 192. -0.03 / 5

273 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -2.02 / 3 192. -5.09 / 3

274 TOP : 192. 0.86 / 3 192. 1.29 / 3

BOTT: 192. -0.37 / 4 192. -0.05 / 4

275 TOP : 192. 0.01 / 2 192. 0.01 / 5

BOTT: 192. -0.56 / 3 192. -2.79 / 3

276 TOP : 804. 43.16 / 1 298. 16.75 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

277 TOP : 430. 23.92 / 1 300. 16.88 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

278 TOP : 192. 5.00 / 2 340. 19.07 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.64 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

279 TOP : 192. 6.29 / 2 402. 22.39 / 1

BOTT: 496. -27.39 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

280 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 3.27 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.97 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

281 TOP : 192. 1.18 / 1 192. 8.46 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.02 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

282 TOP : 492. 27.21 / 1 192. 7.36 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.59 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

283 TOP : 859. 45.88 / 1 192. 10.83 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.07 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

284 TOP : 1046. 54.88 / 1 212. 12.04 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

285 TOP : 1048. 55.00 / 1 197. 11.20 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

286 TOP : 863. 46.11 / 1 192. 7.58 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

287 TOP : 471. 26.08 / 1 192. 5.39 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.03 / 1

288 TOP : 192. 5.51 / 2 192. 6.05 / 2

BOTT: 192. -4.25 / 1 192. -4.73 / 1

289 TOP : 192. 8.35 / 2 192. 6.37 / 2

BOTT: 980. -51.78 / 1 192. -9.25 / 1

290 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 2

BOTT: 1608. -79.88 / 1 379. -21.15 / 1

291 TOP : 192. 0.75 / 1 192. 0.52 / 2

BOTT: 192. -1.05 / 2 192. -9.80 / 1

292 TOP : 542. 29.81 / 1 192. 3.42 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.57 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

177

293 TOP : 881. 46.99 / 1 192. 8.23 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.12 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

294 TOP : 1071. 56.08 / 1 192. 9.57 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

295 TOP : 1081. 56.56 / 1 192. 7.44 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

296 TOP : 901. 47.97 / 1 192. 4.87 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

297 TOP : 539. 29.68 / 1 192. 6.36 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 205. -11.65 / 1

298 TOP : 192. 5.83 / 2 192. 8.68 / 2

BOTT: 192. -6.57 / 1 714. -38.64 / 1

299 TOP : 197. 11.19 / 2 192. 10.88 / 2

BOTT: 2024. -96.31 / 1 1769. -86.44 / 1

300 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 1529. -76.53 / 1 1992. -95.12 / 1

301 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 2.11 / 1

BOTT: 425. -23.65 / 1 192. -0.23 / 2

302 TOP : 192. 7.12 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.35 / 2

303 TOP : 445. 24.72 / 1 192. 2.44 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.13 / 2

304 TOP : 626. 34.18 / 1 192. 2.94 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.05 / 2

305 TOP : 669. 36.41 / 1 192. 3.01 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

306 TOP : 576. 31.57 / 1 192. 2.75 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

307 TOP : 343. 19.20 / 1 192. 1.43 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

308 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 2.25 / 1

BOTT: 192. -5.87 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

309 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 1090. -56.98 / 1 734. -39.66 / 1

310 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 1196. -61.89 / 1 192. -4.46 / 1

311 TOP : 192. 0.17 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 319. -17.92 / 1 192. -1.62 / 2

312 TOP : 192. 5.89 / 1 192. 8.33 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.77 / 2

313 TOP : 402. 22.42 / 1 211. 11.96 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.34 / 2

314 TOP : 565. 31.04 / 1 232. 13.13 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.09 / 2

315 TOP : 608. 33.24 / 1 233. 13.17 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

316 TOP : 528. 29.10 / 1 219. 12.43 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

317 TOP : 312. 17.52 / 1 192. 10.53 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.05 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

318 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 8.98 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.21 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

319 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 5.35 / 1

BOTT: 396. -22.10 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

320 TOP : 192. 0.02 / 2 514. 28.38 / 1

BOTT: 663. -36.07 / 1 192. -0.66 / 2

321 TOP : 192. 0.54 / 2 444. 24.66 / 1

BOTT: 290. -16.32 / 1 192. -0.61 / 2

322 TOP : 192. 5.40 / 1 414. 23.04 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.39 / 2

323 TOP : 345. 19.33 / 1 410. 22.83 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.12 / 2

324 TOP : 497. 27.45 / 1 404. 22.51 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

325 TOP : 540. 29.71 / 1 394. 21.95 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

326 TOP : 473. 26.21 / 1 380. 21.22 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

327 TOP : 307. 17.27 / 1 367. 20.54 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.22 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

328 TOP : 192. 3.13 / 1 349. 19.54 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.44 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

178

329 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 312. 17.53 / 1

BOTT: 192. -9.37 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

330 TOP : 192. 1.18 / 2 801. 43.02 / 1

BOTT: 380. -21.21 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

331 TOP : 192. 1.27 / 2 730. 39.48 / 1

BOTT: 192. -10.18 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

332 TOP : 192. 4.53 / 1 648. 35.29 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

333 TOP : 300. 16.87 / 1 589. 32.25 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

334 TOP : 440. 24.43 / 1 551. 30.29 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

335 TOP : 485. 26.80 / 1 525. 28.93 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

336 TOP : 433. 24.05 / 1 507. 27.99 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.06 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

337 TOP : 298. 16.79 / 1 494. 27.30 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.44 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

338 TOP : 192. 6.69 / 1 476. 26.35 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.73 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

339 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 428. 23.81 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.43 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

340 TOP : 192. 2.27 / 2 917. 48.71 / 1

BOTT: 238. -13.44 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

341 TOP : 192. 2.08 / 2 852. 45.55 / 1

BOTT: 192. -6.26 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

342 TOP : 192. 4.88 / 1 765. 41.22 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

343 TOP : 271. 15.27 / 1 687. 37.28 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

344 TOP : 398. 22.18 / 1 630. 34.39 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

345 TOP : 442. 24.53 / 1 593. 32.49 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

346 TOP : 400. 22.30 / 1 570. 31.28 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.24 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

347 TOP : 288. 16.19 / 1 551. 30.30 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.71 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

348 TOP : 192. 7.71 / 1 523. 28.84 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.07 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

349 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 470. 26.02 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.29 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

350 TOP : 192. 3.37 / 2 889. 47.39 / 1

BOTT: 208. -11.77 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

351 TOP : 192. 2.93 / 2 829. 44.41 / 1

BOTT: 192. -5.23 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

352 TOP : 192. 4.94 / 1 748. 40.36 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

353 TOP : 257. 14.49 / 1 674. 36.66 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

354 TOP : 374. 20.87 / 1 620. 33.86 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

355 TOP : 413. 23.00 / 1 582. 31.91 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

356 TOP : 373. 20.83 / 1 556. 30.54 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.45 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

357 TOP : 265. 14.96 / 1 533. 29.35 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.03 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

358 TOP : 192. 6.80 / 1 502. 27.72 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.48 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

359 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 448. 24.85 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.92 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

360 TOP : 192. 4.59 / 2 720. 38.96 / 1

BOTT: 282. -15.89 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

361 TOP : 192. 3.80 / 2 663. 36.07 / 1

BOTT: 192. -6.95 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

362 TOP : 192. 4.67 / 1 600. 32.84 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

363 TOP : 254. 14.33 / 1 553. 30.41 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

364 TOP : 363. 20.29 / 1 520. 28.67 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

179

365 TOP : 396. 22.05 / 1 491. 27.16 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

366 TOP : 349. 19.53 / 1 464. 25.72 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.66 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

367 TOP : 232. 13.12 / 1 439. 24.38 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.37 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

368 TOP : 192. 4.07 / 1 411. 22.86 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.96 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

369 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 359. 20.10 / 1

BOTT: 192. -5.24 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

370 TOP : 192. 5.98 / 2 402. 22.41 / 1

BOTT: 455. -25.26 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

371 TOP : 192. 4.66 / 2 346. 19.36 / 1

BOTT: 192. -10.25 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

372 TOP : 192. 4.77 / 1 336. 18.81 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

373 TOP : 258. 14.55 / 1 351. 19.67 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

374 TOP : 356. 19.94 / 1 355. 19.86 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

375 TOP : 381. 21.24 / 1 340. 19.07 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

376 TOP : 328. 18.38 / 1 309. 17.38 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.83 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

377 TOP : 194. 11.04 / 1 269. 15.19 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.69 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

378 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 231. 13.05 / 1

BOTT: 192. -2.53 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

379 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 194. 11.03 / 1

BOTT: 209. -11.84 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

380 TOP : 192. 7.88 / 2 192. 6.33 / 2

BOTT: 825. -44.23 / 1 197. -11.16 / 1

381 TOP : 192. 5.18 / 2 192. 5.89 / 2

BOTT: 192. -9.37 / 1 192. -6.32 / 1

382 TOP : 192. 5.18 / 1 192. 5.12 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

383 TOP : 253. 14.29 / 1 192. 6.89 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

384 TOP : 337. 18.91 / 1 192. 9.36 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

385 TOP : 354. 19.82 / 1 192. 9.29 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.07 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

386 TOP : 301. 16.93 / 1 192. 6.96 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.92 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

387 TOP : 192. 9.01 / 1 192. 2.15 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.88 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

388 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -3.64 / 1 192. -1.30 / 1

389 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 449. -24.92 / 1 192. -5.84 / 1

390 TOP : 192. 9.20 / 2 192. 10.21 / 2

BOTT: 785. -42.22 / 1 1354. -69.00 / 1

391 TOP : 192. 5.40 / 2 192. 8.19 / 2

BOTT: 192. -9.59 / 1 520. -28.67 / 1

392 TOP : 192. 3.99 / 1 192. 6.19 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 226. -12.81 / 1

393 TOP : 213. 12.08 / 1 192. 4.68 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -4.39 / 1

394 TOP : 287. 16.14 / 1 192. 3.38 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.67 / 1

395 TOP : 300. 16.87 / 1 192. 2.22 / 2

BOTT: 192. -0.12 / 2 192. -0.32 / 1

396 TOP : 249. 14.05 / 1 192. 1.09 / 2

BOTT: 192. -0.96 / 2 192. -3.06 / 1

397 TOP : 192. 6.86 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -1.89 / 2 192. -9.37 / 1

398 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -7.76 / 1 400. -22.27 / 1

399 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 953. -50.47 / 1 956. -50.63 / 1

400 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.01 / 2

BOTT: 1607. -79.82 / 1 384. -21.42 / 1

180

401 TOP : 192. 0.97 / 1 192. 0.50 / 2

BOTT: 192. -1.04 / 2 192. -10.09 / 1

402 TOP : 547. 30.06 / 1 192. 2.99 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.57 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

403 TOP : 887. 47.28 / 1 192. 7.62 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.12 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

404 TOP : 1078. 56.40 / 1 192. 8.77 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

405 TOP : 1088. 56.88 / 1 192. 6.48 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

406 TOP : 906. 48.18 / 1 192. 4.84 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

407 TOP : 544. 29.92 / 1 192. 6.36 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 208. -11.80 / 1

408 TOP : 192. 5.73 / 2 192. 8.75 / 2

BOTT: 192. -8.82 / 1 674. -36.65 / 1

409 TOP : 202. 11.46 / 2 209. 11.82 / 2

BOTT: 1691. -83.29 / 1 906. -48.19 / 1

410 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 2.80 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.76 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

411 TOP : 192. 1.81 / 1 192. 7.67 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.99 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

412 TOP : 507. 27.97 / 1 192. 6.13 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.59 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

413 TOP : 876. 46.75 / 1 192. 9.03 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.09 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

414 TOP : 1067. 55.87 / 1 192. 9.60 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

415 TOP : 1070. 56.05 / 1 192. 8.19 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

416 TOP : 881. 46.98 / 1 192. 4.28 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

417 TOP : 486. 26.89 / 1 192. 5.33 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -2.33 / 1

418 TOP : 192. 5.36 / 2 192. 6.11 / 2

BOTT: 192. -4.82 / 1 192. -4.16 / 1

419 TOP : 192. 8.53 / 2 192. 6.56 / 2

BOTT: 751. -40.53 / 1 192. -6.33 / 1

420 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 10.54 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.27 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

421 TOP : 192. 3.32 / 1 192. 10.10 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.92 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

422 TOP : 501. 27.66 / 1 192. 10.62 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.52 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

423 TOP : 859. 45.88 / 1 192. 9.98 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.03 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

424 TOP : 1050. 55.08 / 1 193. 10.98 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

425 TOP : 1043. 54.76 / 1 195. 11.09 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

426 TOP : 844. 45.14 / 1 192. 10.30 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

427 TOP : 470. 26.04 / 1 192. 9.61 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

428 TOP : 192. 4.86 / 2 192. 9.98 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.06 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

429 TOP : 192. 6.27 / 2 192. 9.04 / 1

BOTT: 396. -22.10 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

430 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 2.47 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.83 / 1 192. -0.13 / 2

431 TOP : 192. 1.62 / 1 192. 7.43 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.98 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

432 TOP : 501. 27.68 / 1 192. 6.05 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.45 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

433 TOP : 864. 46.12 / 1 192. 9.65 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

434 TOP : 1038. 54.51 / 1 208. 11.81 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

435 TOP : 1020. 53.68 / 1 239. 13.50 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

436 TOP : 818. 43.86 / 1 266. 15.00 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

181

437 TOP : 478. 26.46 / 1 298. 16.75 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

438 TOP : 192. 5.36 / 1 324. 18.16 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

439 TOP : 192. 4.61 / 2 297. 16.71 / 1

BOTT: 224. -12.70 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

440 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 1642. -81.26 / 1 399. -22.24 / 1

441 TOP : 192. 0.78 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -0.96 / 2 192. -10.54 / 1

442 TOP : 541. 29.77 / 1 192. 2.43 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.29 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

443 TOP : 871. 46.51 / 1 192. 8.02 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

444 TOP : 1036. 54.45 / 1 205. 11.64 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

445 TOP : 1010. 53.18 / 1 254. 14.36 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

446 TOP : 806. 43.30 / 1 302. 16.96 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

447 TOP : 483. 26.72 / 1 349. 19.53 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

448 TOP : 192. 7.44 / 1 377. 21.03 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

449 TOP : 192. 3.22 / 2 347. 19.45 / 1

BOTT: 192. -9.28 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

450 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 1632. -80.86 / 1 356. -19.92 / 1

451 TOP : 192. 0.72 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -0.87 / 2 196. -11.11 / 1

452 TOP : 547. 30.08 / 1 192. 1.58 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.18 / 2 192. -0.27 / 2

453 TOP : 879. 46.89 / 1 192. 7.02 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.06 / 2

454 TOP : 1044. 54.79 / 1 192. 10.60 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

455 TOP : 1013. 53.34 / 1 235. 13.27 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

456 TOP : 804. 43.17 / 1 281. 15.81 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

457 TOP : 473. 26.17 / 1 327. 18.34 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

458 TOP : 192. 6.39 / 1 355. 19.86 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.04 / 2

459 TOP : 192. 1.97 / 2 327. 18.34 / 1

BOTT: 192. -10.60 / 1 192. -0.07 / 2

460 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 1.09 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.71 / 1 192. -0.44 / 2

461 TOP : 192. 1.91 / 1 192. 5.32 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.67 / 2 192. -0.30 / 2

462 TOP : 520. 28.66 / 1 192. 3.33 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.11 / 2 192. -0.41 / 2

463 TOP : 889. 47.35 / 1 192. 6.66 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.37 / 2

464 TOP : 1060. 55.55 / 1 192. 8.74 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.43 / 2

465 TOP : 1031. 54.18 / 1 192. 10.32 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.58 / 2

466 TOP : 810. 43.49 / 1 204. 11.58 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.79 / 2

467 TOP : 448. 24.88 / 1 232. 13.13 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.01 / 2

468 TOP : 192. 2.27 / 1 259. 14.60 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.13 / 2

469 TOP : 192. 0.74 / 2 233. 13.20 / 1

BOTT: 298. -16.77 / 1 192. -1.15 / 2

470 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 6.59 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.03 / 1 192. -0.26 / 2

471 TOP : 192. 4.19 / 1 192. 5.69 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.31 / 2 192. -0.28 / 2

472 TOP : 537. 29.56 / 1 192. 5.75 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.38 / 2

182

473 TOP : 905. 48.15 / 1 192. 5.01 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.59 / 2

474 TOP : 1087. 56.85 / 1 192. 6.13 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.82 / 2

475 TOP : 1059. 55.54 / 1 192. 6.13 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.13 / 2

476 TOP : 833. 44.62 / 1 192. 4.91 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.53 / 2

477 TOP : 426. 23.69 / 1 192. 3.46 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -2.00 / 2

478 TOP : 192. 0.37 / 2 192. 3.30 / 1

BOTT: 192. -5.46 / 1 192. -2.32 / 2

479 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 2.34 / 1

BOTT: 539. -29.64 / 1 192. -2.36 / 2

480 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -3.51 / 1 192. -3.35 / 1

481 TOP : 192. 2.96 / 1 192. 0.73 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.10 / 2 192. -0.19 / 2

482 TOP : 573. 31.46 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.28 / 1

483 TOP : 948. 50.22 / 1 192. 2.42 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.72 / 2

484 TOP : 1119. 58.33 / 1 192. 3.50 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.07 / 2

485 TOP : 1090. 56.99 / 1 192. 2.04 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.51 / 2

486 TOP : 866. 46.23 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -2.47 / 1

487 TOP : 424. 23.56 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -10.87 / 1

488 TOP : 192. 0.11 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -10.14 / 1 246. -13.88 / 1

489 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 1020. -53.69 / 1 325. -18.23 / 1

490 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.28 / 2

BOTT: 1678. -82.77 / 1 501. -27.66 / 1

491 TOP : 192. 3.56 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 426. -23.69 / 1

492 TOP : 663. 36.07 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -5.90 / 1

493 TOP : 982. 51.87 / 1 192. 0.34 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.79 / 2

494 TOP : 1142. 59.38 / 1 192. 2.21 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.20 / 2

495 TOP : 1108. 57.80 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.67 / 2

496 TOP : 877. 46.79 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -7.09 / 1

497 TOP : 471. 26.06 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 361. -20.17 / 1

498 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 287. -16.16 / 1 905. -48.17 / 1

499 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.28 / 2

BOTT: 1678. -82.77 / 1 501. -27.66 / 1

500 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.34 / 2

BOTT: 1942. -93.20 / 1 1149. -59.72 / 1

501 TOP : 192. 8.30 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 452. -25.08 / 1

502 TOP : 686. 37.25 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -5.22 / 1

503 TOP : 998. 52.65 / 1 192. 1.52 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.82 / 2

504 TOP : 1144. 59.49 / 1 192. 3.56 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.21 / 2

505 TOP : 1102. 57.52 / 1 192. 1.04 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.65 / 2

506 TOP : 864. 46.16 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -6.24 / 1

507 TOP : 460. 25.49 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 331. -18.55 / 1

508 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 312. -17.50 / 1 909. -48.33 / 1

183

509 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 312. -17.50 / 1 909. -48.33 / 1

510 TOP : 192. 0.03 / 2 192. 0.01 / 2

BOTT: 199. -11.31 / 1 267. -15.04 / 1

511 TOP : 192. 9.61 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -3.27 / 1

512 TOP : 650. 35.40 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.61 / 1

513 TOP : 993. 52.37 / 1 192. 5.76 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.80 / 2

514 TOP : 1123. 58.52 / 1 192. 6.51 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.15 / 2

515 TOP : 1073. 56.19 / 1 192. 4.17 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.52 / 2

516 TOP : 834. 44.68 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.92 / 2

517 TOP : 379. 21.17 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -0.07 / 2 198. -11.22 / 1

518 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 255. -14.38 / 1 272. -15.31 / 1

519 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 1198. -61.98 / 1 332. -18.60 / 1

520 TOP : 192. 0.05 / 2 192. 10.64 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.72 / 1 192. -0.16 / 2

521 TOP : 211. 11.94 / 1 192. 10.67 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.30 / 2

522 TOP : 651. 35.47 / 1 192. 10.91 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.51 / 2

523 TOP : 959. 50.75 / 1 195. 11.05 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.76 / 2

524 TOP : 1092. 57.07 / 1 192. 10.52 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.04 / 2

525 TOP : 1035. 54.41 / 1 192. 8.47 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.33 / 2

526 TOP : 788. 42.37 / 1 192. 5.13 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.60 / 2

527 TOP : 348. 19.47 / 1 192. 1.57 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.23 / 2 192. -1.75 / 2

528 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 1.35 / 1

BOTT: 224. -12.69 / 1 192. -1.71 / 2

529 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.20 / 1

BOTT: 748. -40.40 / 1 192. -1.62 / 2

530 TOP : 192. 2.62 / 1 439. 24.40 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.24 / 2

531 TOP : 287. 16.15 / 1 397. 22.14 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.34 / 2

532 TOP : 640. 34.88 / 1 337. 18.90 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.50 / 2

533 TOP : 928. 49.28 / 1 290. 16.32 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.69 / 2

534 TOP : 1061. 55.60 / 1 257. 14.51 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.90 / 2

535 TOP : 1000. 52.71 / 1 225. 12.76 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.11 / 2

536 TOP : 747. 40.34 / 1 199. 11.30 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 2 192. -1.28 / 2

537 TOP : 338. 18.92 / 1 195. 11.08 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.26 / 2 192. -1.35 / 2

538 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 217. 12.31 / 1

BOTT: 192. -7.37 / 1 192. -1.34 / 2

539 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 193. 10.98 / 1

BOTT: 512. -28.27 / 1 192. -1.31 / 2

540 TOP : 192. 3.72 / 1 579. 31.76 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.26 / 2

541 TOP : 318. 17.85 / 1 508. 28.05 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.34 / 2

542 TOP : 639. 34.83 / 1 425. 23.65 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.46 / 2

543 TOP : 912. 48.47 / 1 355. 19.84 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.60 / 2

544 TOP : 1038. 54.55 / 1 308. 17.30 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.75 / 2

184

545 TOP : 975. 51.54 / 1 282. 15.88 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.89 / 2

546 TOP : 726. 39.28 / 1 278. 15.66 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.08 / 2 192. -0.99 / 2

547 TOP : 341. 19.10 / 1 299. 16.82 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.25 / 2 192. -1.03 / 2

548 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 326. 18.29 / 1

BOTT: 192. -4.27 / 1 192. -1.03 / 2

549 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 298. 16.74 / 1

BOTT: 405. -22.59 / 1 192. -1.02 / 2

550 TOP : 192. 3.82 / 1 611. 33.42 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.23 / 2

551 TOP : 322. 18.04 / 1 536. 29.50 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.30 / 2

552 TOP : 640. 34.91 / 1 447. 24.79 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.39 / 2

553 TOP : 910. 48.37 / 1 371. 20.74 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.49 / 2

554 TOP : 1033. 54.30 / 1 324. 18.19 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.59 / 2

555 TOP : 968. 51.20 / 1 304. 17.08 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.02 / 2 192. -0.68 / 2

556 TOP : 722. 39.07 / 1 310. 17.40 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.12 / 2 192. -0.73 / 2

557 TOP : 346. 19.39 / 1 340. 19.06 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.23 / 2 192. -0.75 / 2

558 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 371. 20.72 / 1

BOTT: 192. -3.28 / 1 192. -0.75 / 2

559 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 341. 19.10 / 1

BOTT: 382. -21.30 / 1 192. -0.75 / 2

560 TOP : 192. 2.86 / 1 537. 29.55 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.17 / 2

561 TOP : 296. 16.65 / 1 480. 26.54 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.23 / 2

562 TOP : 645. 35.15 / 1 400. 22.30 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.30 / 2

563 TOP : 924. 49.07 / 1 336. 18.84 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.37 / 2

564 TOP : 1047. 54.97 / 1 300. 16.88 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.01 / 2 192. -0.44 / 2

565 TOP : 981. 51.80 / 1 285. 16.07 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.08 / 2 192. -0.48 / 2

566 TOP : 734. 39.66 / 1 292. 16.44 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.16 / 2 192. -0.50 / 2

567 TOP : 350. 19.62 / 1 321. 18.00 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.20 / 2 192. -0.50 / 2

568 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 356. 19.94 / 1

BOTT: 192. -4.53 / 1 192. -0.49 / 2

569 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 327. 18.32 / 1

BOTT: 438. -24.35 / 1 192. -0.49 / 2

570 TOP : 192. 0.08 / 2 352. 19.68 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.13 / 1 192. -0.07 / 2

571 TOP : 228. 12.89 / 1 333. 18.66 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.14 / 2

572 TOP : 661. 35.99 / 1 294. 16.53 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.20 / 2

573 TOP : 956. 50.61 / 1 257. 14.52 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.25 / 2

574 TOP : 1077. 56.38 / 1 238. 13.45 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.06 / 2 192. -0.29 / 2

575 TOP : 1009. 53.15 / 1 229. 12.95 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.13 / 2 192. -0.31 / 2

576 TOP : 761. 41.04 / 1 232. 13.14 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.19 / 2 192. -0.31 / 2

577 TOP : 358. 20.00 / 1 245. 13.83 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.19 / 2 192. -0.27 / 2

578 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 279. 15.70 / 1

BOTT: 192. -8.03 / 1 192. -0.24 / 2

579 TOP : 192. 0.16 / 2 239. 13.52 / 1

BOTT: 611. -33.42 / 1 192. -0.21 / 2

580 TOP : 192. 0.15 / 2 192. 0.08 / 2

BOTT: 203. -11.50 / 1 192. -1.10 / 1

185

581 TOP : 192. 9.51 / 1 192. 8.96 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.05 / 2

582 TOP : 671. 36.48 / 1 192. 7.45 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.09 / 2

583 TOP : 1008. 53.10 / 1 192. 8.80 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.04 / 2 192. -0.14 / 2

584 TOP : 1127. 58.68 / 1 192. 8.51 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.11 / 2 192. -0.16 / 2

585 TOP : 1057. 55.41 / 1 192. 8.26 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.18 / 2 192. -0.17 / 2

586 TOP : 804. 43.17 / 1 192. 8.00 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.21 / 2 192. -0.15 / 2

587 TOP : 370. 20.67 / 1 192. 7.45 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.17 / 2 192. -0.12 / 2

588 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 8.89 / 1

BOTT: 192. -10.61 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

589 TOP : 192. 0.44 / 2 192. 2.70 / 1

BOTT: 977. -51.62 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

590 TOP : 192. 0.75 / 2 192. 0.38 / 2

BOTT: 1868. -90.34 / 1 826. -44.25 / 1

591 TOP : 192. 7.33 / 1 192. 2.92 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.03 / 2

592 TOP : 729. 39.45 / 1 192. 0.92 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.02 / 2

593 TOP : 1042. 54.73 / 1 192. 1.92 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.06 / 2 192. -0.03 / 2

594 TOP : 1170. 60.70 / 1 192. 1.75 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.15 / 2 192. -0.04 / 2

595 TOP : 1098. 57.36 / 1 192. 1.71 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.21 / 2 192. -0.04 / 2

596 TOP : 837. 44.83 / 1 192. 1.80 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.24 / 2 192. -0.04 / 2

597 TOP : 419. 23.31 / 1 192. 0.69 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.17 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

598 TOP : 192. 0.08 / 2 192. 4.28 / 1

BOTT: 291. -16.40 / 1 192. -0.14 / 2

599 TOP : 192. 0.74 / 2 192. 1.08 / 2

BOTT: 2026. -96.39 / 1 683. -37.11 / 1

600 TOP : 258. 14.57 / 1 942. 49.92 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

601 TOP : 279. 15.72 / 1 448. 24.87 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

602 TOP : 257. 14.50 / 1 315. 17.67 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.07 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

603 TOP : 202. 11.47 / 1 212. 12.00 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.32 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

604 TOP : 192. 9.02 / 1 192. 8.18 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.34 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

605 TOP : 192. 6.49 / 1 192. 5.14 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.24 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

606 TOP : 192. 3.85 / 1 192. 2.38 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.10 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

607 TOP : 192. 0.91 / 1 192. 0.75 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.47 / 1

608 TOP : 192. 0.22 / 2 192. 0.53 / 2

BOTT: 192. -3.44 / 1 192. -4.24 / 1

609 TOP : 192. 0.43 / 2 192. 0.36 / 2

BOTT: 220. -12.44 / 1 192. -8.40 / 1

610 TOP : 770. 41.51 / 1 440. 24.42 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

611 TOP : 353. 19.74 / 1 393. 21.94 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

612 TOP : 264. 14.90 / 1 257. 14.48 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.28 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

613 TOP : 210. 11.91 / 1 192. 10.53 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.49 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

614 TOP : 192. 9.15 / 1 192. 7.59 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.44 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

615 TOP : 192. 6.56 / 1 192. 5.21 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.27 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

616 TOP : 192. 4.00 / 1 192. 3.08 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.06 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

186

617 TOP : 192. 1.09 / 1 192. 1.04 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

618 TOP : 192. 0.35 / 2 192. 0.36 / 2

BOTT: 192. -2.18 / 1 192. -0.08 / 1

619 TOP : 192. 0.45 / 2 192. 0.20 / 2

BOTT: 192. -5.46 / 1 192. -1.09 / 1

620 TOP : 551. 30.28 / 1 192. 2.35 / 2

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

621 TOP : 415. 23.08 / 1 192. 6.63 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

622 TOP : 299. 16.81 / 1 192. 7.93 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.52 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

623 TOP : 226. 12.80 / 1 192. 7.06 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.63 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

624 TOP : 192. 9.57 / 1 192. 6.05 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.50 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

625 TOP : 192. 6.76 / 1 192. 4.93 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.25 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

626 TOP : 192. 4.21 / 1 192. 3.76 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

627 TOP : 192. 1.72 / 1 192. 2.70 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

628 TOP : 192. 0.54 / 2 192. 1.87 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.72 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

629 TOP : 192. 0.67 / 2 192. 1.21 / 1

BOTT: 192. -2.13 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

630 TOP : 426. 23.66 / 1 192. 1.14 / 2

BOTT: 192. -0.65 / 2 192. -8.48 / 1

631 TOP : 399. 22.23 / 1 192. 1.12 / 2

BOTT: 192. -0.80 / 2 192. -2.98 / 1

632 TOP : 317. 17.82 / 1 192. 1.10 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.91 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

633 TOP : 238. 13.45 / 1 192. 3.41 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.81 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

634 TOP : 192. 9.78 / 1 192. 4.42 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.55 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

635 TOP : 192. 6.82 / 1 192. 4.61 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.20 / 2 192. 0.00 / 0

636 TOP : 192. 4.45 / 1 192. 4.31 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

637 TOP : 192. 2.55 / 1 192. 3.78 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 0.00 / 0

638 TOP : 192. 1.09 / 1 192. 3.18 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.04 / 2

639 TOP : 192. 0.95 / 2 192. 2.52 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.09 / 2

640 TOP : 342. 19.16 / 1 192. 0.07 / 2

BOTT: 192. -1.86 / 2 243. -13.76 / 1

641 TOP : 365. 20.41 / 1 192. 0.07 / 2

BOTT: 192. -1.69 / 2 192. -7.95 / 1

642 TOP : 309. 17.38 / 1 192. 0.03 / 2

BOTT: 192. -1.43 / 2 192. -2.67 / 1

643 TOP : 232. 13.13 / 1 192. 1.22 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.07 / 2 192. -0.03 / 2

644 TOP : 192. 9.26 / 1 192. 3.59 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.62 / 2 192. -0.09 / 2

645 TOP : 192. 6.34 / 1 192. 4.71 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.13 / 2 192. -0.16 / 2

646 TOP : 192. 4.41 / 1 192. 4.93 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.21 / 2

647 TOP : 192. 3.27 / 1 192. 4.60 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.25 / 2

648 TOP : 192. 2.63 / 1 192. 4.01 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.26 / 2

649 TOP : 192. 2.28 / 1 192. 3.36 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.24 / 2

650 TOP : 320. 17.97 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -3.08 / 2 262. -14.80 / 1

651 TOP : 345. 19.30 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -2.64 / 2 192. -8.81 / 1

652 TOP : 286. 16.09 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -2.02 / 2 192. -3.13 / 1

187

653 TOP : 204. 11.56 / 1 192. 1.29 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.35 / 2 192. -0.95 / 2

654 TOP : 192. 7.57 / 1 192. 4.15 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.68 / 2 192. -0.85 / 2

655 TOP : 192. 4.94 / 1 192. 5.59 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.04 / 2 192. -0.74 / 2

656 TOP : 192. 3.76 / 1 192. 5.91 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.63 / 2

657 TOP : 192. 3.70 / 1 192. 5.49 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.53 / 2

658 TOP : 192. 4.09 / 1 192. 4.73 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.45 / 2

659 TOP : 192. 4.30 / 1 192. 4.01 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.35 / 2

660 TOP : 360. 20.13 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -4.43 / 2 210. -11.91 / 1

661 TOP : 342. 19.15 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -3.61 / 2 192. -5.81 / 1

662 TOP : 249. 14.09 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -2.57 / 2 192. -2.18 / 2

663 TOP : 192. 8.63 / 1 192. 3.60 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.59 / 2 192. -1.95 / 2

664 TOP : 192. 4.49 / 1 192. 6.07 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.73 / 2 192. -1.62 / 2

665 TOP : 192. 2.33 / 1 192. 7.26 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -1.27 / 2

666 TOP : 192. 2.25 / 1 192. 7.37 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.96 / 2

667 TOP : 192. 3.75 / 1 192. 6.60 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.71 / 2

668 TOP : 192. 5.68 / 1 192. 5.46 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.53 / 2

669 TOP : 192. 6.62 / 1 192. 4.58 / 1

BOTT: 192. 0.00 / 0 192. -0.35 / 2

670 TOP : 456. 25.31 / 1 192. 0.00 / 0

BOTT: 192. -5.97 / 2 192. -4.81 / 1

671 TOP : 343. 19.19 / 1 192. 1.21 / 1

BOTT: 192. -4.56 / 2 192. -3.88 / 2

672 TOP : 194. 11.01 / 1 192. 5.31 / 1

BOTT: 192. -2.99 / 2 192. -3.57 / 2

673 TOP : 192. 4.24 / 1 192. 7.40 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.73 / 2 192. -3.01 / 2

674 TOP : 192. 0.00 / 0 192. 8.59 / 1

BOTT: 192. -0.74 / 2 192. -2.36 / 2

675 TOP : 192. 0.11 / 2 192. 9.20 / 1

BOTT: 192. -1.63 / 1 192. -1.71 / 2

**************END OF ELEMENT DESIGN************

188

3.3CURVED ROOF

We have planned and designed curved roofs with tow bays of rise 3.5 meters and 5m respectively in longitudinal and lateral dimensions keeping the architectural aspects of the terminal building in view. The load consideration on roof are taken as specified in presiding articles and the steel truss design is done using STAADpro.

3.3.1 Bay 1 roof truss:

3.3.2 Bay 2 roof truss:

3.3.3 Design output of bay 1:

As the bay 1 is divided into 6 equal parts we got same results for each span so we are displaying only one span results.

189

ALL UNITS ARE - KN METE (UNLESS OTHERWISE Noted)

MEMBER TABLE RESULT/ CRITICAL COND/ RATIO/ LOADING/

FX MY MZ LOCATION ===============================================

1 PRI SMAT (AISC SECTIONS)

PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.16 T 0.00 0.06 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.002 1

0.82 T 0.00 0.25 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.66 C 0.00 0.04 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.002 1

0.59 T 0.00 0.24 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.28 C 0.00 0.04 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.24 T 0.00 -0.05 1.83


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.002 1

0.79 C 0.00 0.28 1.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.19 T 0.00 -0.07 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.60 C 0.00 0.03 1.83


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.33 T 0.00 -0.09 2.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.002 1

0.67 T 0.00 0.28 1.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.37 T 0.00 -0.08 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.66 C 0.00 0.03 1.83


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.13 C 0.00 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.73 T 0.00 -0.02 1.67


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.68 T 0.00 0.07 2.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

1.30 C 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.03 C 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.87 C -0.01 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

190

0.23 T -0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.76 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

1.65 T -0.01 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.67 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.32 C 0.00 0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.32 C 0.00 0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.67 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

1.65 T 0.01 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.76 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.23 T 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.87 C 0.01 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.02 C 0.00 -0.04 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.09 C 0.00 -0.08 1.77


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.15 T 0.00 0.05 2.20


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.94 T 0.00 0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.54 C 0.00 -0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.78 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.97 C 0.00 -0.03 2.92


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.05 C 0.00 -0.06 2.04


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.91 C 0.00 0.05 2.45


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

1.21 C 0.00 0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

191

1.13 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

1.84 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.63 T 0.00 -0.02 2.98


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.88 C 0.00 0.03 2.86


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.42 C 0.00 0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.73 C 0.00 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.97 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.43 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.08 C 0.00 0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.94 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

1.51 C 0.00 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.15 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

1.76 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.48 T 0.00 -0.03 2.85


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.12 C 0.00 0.04

3.3.4 Design output of bay 2:

As the bay 1 is divided into 10 equal parts we got same results for each span so we are displaying only one span results.

MEMBER TABLE RESULT/ CRITICAL COND/ RATIO/ LOADING/

FX MY MZ LOCATION

===============================================


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.88 C 0.00 0.03 2.86


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.06 C 0.00 0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.42 C 0.00 0.06 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.06 T 0.00 0.01 0.00

192


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.88 C 0.00 0.03 2.86


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.88 C 0.00 0.03 2.86


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.06 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.06 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.88 C 0.00 0.03 2.86


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.27 T 0.00 -0.02 2.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.59 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.27 T 0.00 -0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

0.42 C 0.00 0.06 2.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.16 T 0.00 0.06 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.002 1

0.82 T 0.00 0.25 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.66 C 0.00 0.04 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.002 1

0.59 T 0.00 0.24 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.28 C 0.00 0.04 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.24 T 0.00 -0.05 1.83


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.002 1

0.79 C 0.00 0.28 1.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.19 T 0.00 -0.07 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.60 C 0.00 0.03 1.83


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.33 T 0.00 -0.09 2.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.002 1

0.67 T 0.00 0.28 1.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

0.37 T 0.00 -0.08 0.00


193

PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.66 C 0.00 0.03 1.83


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.03 C 0.00 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

1.30 C 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.22 C 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.67 C 0.02 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.54 C 0.00 -0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.32 C 0.00 -0.01 4.58


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.32 C 0.00 0.01 4.58


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.54 C 0.01 0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.001 1

1.67 C 0.02 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.22 C 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

1.30 C 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.03 C 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.87 C -0.01 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.23 T -0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.76 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

1.65 T -0.01 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.67 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.32 C 0.00 0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.32 C 0.00 0.02 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.67 T 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.001 1

194

1.65 T 0.01 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.76 C 0.00 -0.01 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.2 0.000 1

0.23 T 0.01 0.00 0.00


PASS IS-7.1.1(A) 0.000 1

0.87 C 0.01 -0.01 0.00

3.4 FOUNDATIONS

3.4.1 Introduction:

The data obtained from STAAD pro has been transferred to STAAD foundation v8i.As the total data is transferred from STAAD pro there is no need of applying load and reaction to the supports.

3.4.2 STAAD foundation v8i:

STAAD.foundation is a standalone or integrated foundation solution for simple and complex foundation problems. STAAD.foundation integrates all common footing designs including spread (isolated) footings, strip (combined) footings, pile cap arrangement and design, octagonal footings and mat foundations.

Currently, STAAD.foundation supports three concrete codes: ACI-2005, BS 8110 and IS-456-2000. These foundations can be on soil or on piles. Load types can be predetermined or user-defined with a customizable automatic load combination generator. Wind and zip code based seismic loads can also be generated through a simple wizard-based input. STAAD.foundation can calculate footing plan dimension and thickness automatically. It designs for one way shear, punching shear, pile punching shear, and corner pile check. It calculates reinforcement along both axes (X and Z) and both faces (top and bottom). With its powerful 3D graphics, engineers can quickly identify and investigate displaced shapes, stress contour, soil pressure and reinforcement layout

3.4.3 SCREENSHORTS FROM STAAD FOUNDATION

Foundation plan:

195

Foundation drawing:

3.4.4 Foundation report summary:

Footing no.

Group ID

Foundation geometry Footing reinforcement

Length Width thickness Bottom (Mz)

Bottom(Mx)

Top (Mz)

Top(Mx)

1 1 8.600 m 8.600

m 0.560 m Ø16 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 80 mm c/c

2 2 7.250 m 7.250

m 0.410 m Ø16 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 55 mm c/c

3 3 6.650 m 6.650

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

4 4 6.650 m 6.650

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

5 5 6.150 m 6.150

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

6 6 9.850 m 9.850

m 0.458 m Ø16 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

7 7 6.800 m 6.900

m 0.458 m Ø16 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

196

8 8 8.250 m 6.050

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 80 mm c/c

9 9 7.200 m 6.150

m 0.457 m Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

10 10 9.850 m 9.850

m 0.460 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 55 mm c/c

11 11 5.600 m 5.600

m 0.558 m Ø12 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

12 12 4.550 m 4.550

m 0.457 m Ø10 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

13 13 7.550 m 7.550

m 0.510 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 50 mm c/c

14 14 6.550 m 6.550

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

15 15 6.900 m 6.900

m 0.508 m Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm c/c

16 16 7.200 m 7.200

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm c/c

17 17 6.800 m 6.800

m 0.460 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm c/c

18 18 6.600 m 6.600

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

19 19 6.050 m 6.050

m 0.458 m Ø12 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

20 20 8.750 m 8.750

m 0.310 m Ø16 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 65 mm c/c

21 21 6.150 m 6.150

m 0.310 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

22 22 6.750 m 6.750

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

23 23 6.350 m 6.350

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

24 24 6.350 m 6.350

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

25 25 9.600 m 9.600 0.610 m Ø16 @ Ø16 @ Ø8 @ Ø8 @ 60

197

m 55 mm c/c

75 mm c/c

85 mm c/c

mm c/c

26 26 5.750 m 5.750

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

27 27 8.250 m 8.250

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 75 mm c/c

28 28 5.800 m 5.800

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

29 29 5.850 m 5.850

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

30 30 5.850 m 5.850

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 85 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

31 31 4.600 m 4.600

m 0.557 m Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

32 32 4.650 m 4.650

m 0.457 m Ø10 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

33 33 6.950 m 6.950

m 0.410 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm c/c

34 34 6.250 m 6.250

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

35 35 6.600 m 6.600

m 0.458 m Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

36 36 6.250 m 6.250

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

37 37 6.650 m 6.650

m 0.460 m Ø16 @ 85 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

38 38 6.350 m 6.350

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

39 39 10.900

m 7.200

m 0.508 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

40 40 8.950 m 8.950

m 0.560 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 70 mm c/c

41 41 10.900

m 10.900

m 0.310 m Ø16 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

42 42 6.850 m 6.850

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm c/c

198

43 43 11.350

m 11.350

m 0.310 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 55 mm

c/c

44 44 8.550 m 8.550

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 75 mm c/c

45 45 9.850 m 9.850

m 0.458 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm c/c

46 46 7.200 m 6.150

m 0.457 m Ø10 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

47 47 5.850 m 5.850

m 0.407 m Ø10 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

48 48 6.700 m 6.700

m 0.557 m Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

49 49 4.000 m 4.000

m 0.457 m Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 75 mm c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

50 50 3.700 m 3.700

m 0.407 m Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

51 51 5.150 m 5.150

m 0.308 m Ø12 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

52 52 4.050 m 4.050

m 0.306 m Ø8 @

55 mm c/c

Ø8 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

53 53 7.200 m 7.200

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

54 54 8.750 m 8.750

m 0.458 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 70 mm c/c

55 55 5.550 m 5.550

m 0.408 m Ø12 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

56 56 5.650 m 5.650

m 0.310 m Ø16 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

57 57 6.550 m 6.550

m 0.458 m Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

58 58 7.000 m 7.000

m 0.410 m Ø16 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø16 @ 85 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm c/c

59 59 6.300 m 6.300

m 0.408 m Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

199

60 60 6.700 m 6.700

m 0.410 m Ø16 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

61 61 4.100 m 4.100

m 0.306 m Ø8 @

50 mm c/c

Ø8 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

62 62 4.150 m 4.150

m 0.307 m Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

63 63 7.950 m 7.950

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 85 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 50 mm c/c

64 64 6.700 m 6.700

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

65 65 6.650 m 6.650

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

66 66 8.250 m 8.250

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø10 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 80 mm c/c

67 67 4.200 m 4.200

m 0.307 m Ø10 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 80 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

68 68 4.100 m 4.100

m 0.306 m Ø8 @

50 mm c/c

Ø8 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

69 69 5.900 m 5.900

m 0.458 m Ø12 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø8 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

70 70 6.950 m 6.950

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm c/c

71 71 7.100 m 7.100

m 0.360 m Ø16 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 60 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 65 mm c/c

72 72 9.600 m 9.600

m 0.610 m Ø16 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø12 @ 55 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

924 73 3.400 m 3.400

m 0.306 m Ø8 @

85 mm c/c

Ø10 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 70 mm c/c

925 74 3.500 m 3.500

m 0.306 m Ø8 @

65 mm c/c

Ø8 @ 50 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm

c/c

Ø6 @ 75 mm c/c

200

3.5 MANUAL CHECK

The manual design has done to ensure that there is no scope for mistakes on dealing with software and to cross check with the report obtained through the software. We considered the managerial room on the ground floor for the design of slab, beam and column.

3.5.1 Slab:

Dead load of slab = 0.18×5 = 4.5KN

Superimposed load = 4KN/m2

Total factored load = 1.5×8.5 = 12.75KN/m2

Mx = C1WL2 and My = C2WL2

Mx= 0.079×12.75×8.122 = 66.4124 KN/m2

Effective depth = √ 73.14 ×106

0.138× 25 ×1000 = 145mm

Overall depth = 180mm

Cover = 35mm

Length of the middle and edge strips along the long edge are 10250mm and 500mm and those alone the shot edge are 8250mm and 500mm.

Reinforcement in middle strip:

Steel along short span:

Atx = 0.36×Fck×b×Xm = 0.36×25×1000×0.48×145/0.87×415 = 1735mm2

Use 16mm bars @ 110mm c/c giving total area = 1827.51mm2

Steel along long span:

BM = force of tension × lever arm = 47.077×106 KNm

M = 0.87×Fst×At×(d- 415At/Fck×1000)

At= 1017.82mm2

Use 12mm bars@ 110mm c/c giving total area = 1028.15mm2

Reinforcement in edge strip:

201

Minimum reinforcement = 0.12%

= 0.0012×180×1000 = 216mm2

Corner reinforcement:

Area of each layer of reinforcement = 75% area required for max mid span = 1253.6325mm2

Provide 12mm bars @ 90 c/c along both directions

Length of corner reinforcement = 1/5×10120 = 2024mm

Check for shear:

Max SF = 51KN/m2

Normal shear stress = 51×1000/1000×145 = 0.3517N/mm2

Percent tension steel = 100As/bd = 0.7090

Shear strength of M25 concrete for 0.70% steel is = 0.57N/mm2

Shear strength = k×0.57 = 1.25×0.57 = 0.7125N/mm2> 0.3517mm2

3.5.2 Beam:

Effective span = 8m

Superimposed load = 72KN/m

Dimensions = 0.5×0.7

Concrete grade = M25; steel grade = Fe415

Self-weight of beam = 0.5×0.7×25 = 8.75KN/m

Total load = 80.75KN/m

Factored load = 1.5×80.75 = 121.125KN/m

Factored moment = 969 KN/m

Let effective cover = 0.1D = 70mm

d = 700-70 = 630m

Xm = 0.48d = 303mm

202

Limiting bending moment, Mlim = 0.138Fckbd2 = 767KNm

Area of tension steel corresponding to this moment,

0.87FstAt1 = 0.36FckbXm

At1 = 3777mm2

The remaining bending moment has to be resisted by a couple consisting of compression steel and the corresponding tension steel.

Fsc = 353 N/mm2

M-Mlim = (FscAsc – FccAcc)(d-d1)

Asc = 1043mm2

Corresponding tension steel = 0.87FstAt2 = FscAsc

At2 = 1020mm2

Total tension steel = At1+At2 = 4797mm2

Total compression steel = 1043mm2

3.5.3 Column:

Axial load = 10924KN

Factored load =16386KN

Pu = 0.4FckAc + 0.67FstAsc

For economy minimum quantity of steel should be adopted Asc = 0.8%

16386×1000 = 0.4×40×a2(1-0.008) + 0.67×415×0.008a2

a = 951.569mm

Adopt the column dimension as 96cm×96cm

203

Cross area of concrete required = 9055cm2

Longitudinal area of steel = 0.008×9055 = 72.44cm2

Use 10-24mm dia bars and 10-20mm dia bars giving total area = 76.64cm2

Diameter and pitch of lateral ties:

ØT <6mm

< (ØL/4)max = 24/4 = 6mm

Adopt 6mm ties

Pitch ≤ 550mm

≤ (16 ØL )min = 16×20 = 320mm

≤ 300mm

Provide 550mm pitch.

The designed values obtained in manual calculation has been compared with that of the results obtained in STAAD pro and seems to be tallied.

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CHAPTER 4

205

PLANING AND DESIGNING OF LAND SIDE AREA

4.1 LAND SIDE

The land side area consists of parking lots, public transport railway stations and access roads. The planning and design of an airport will not be completed without planning and design of land side area. We are not providing the public transport railway station as the airport is small and is at the initial stage. We are planning and designing the parking lot and the access roads.

4.1.1 Land side area plan:

The land side area consists of access roads with design speed of 80Kmph. The parking lot provided has an area of 6090sq.m. And an equal area is provided for greenery and future extensions.

We had designed the access roads with curves of radius 250m including the transition curves.

4.1.2 Calculations:

The Super-elevation can be calculated using the following formula.

e = (0.75 v)2

127 R

Where, e = super-elevation

v = design speed (kmph)

R = radius of curvature (m)

206

e = (0.75 × 80)2

127 ×250

e = 3600/31750 = 0.113385

The maximum supper-elevation is limited 7% i.e. e should be less than 0.07. If e exceeds 0.07 then we has check frictional resistance.

Frictional resistance f is given by the following formula.

f = v2

127 R - 0.07

f = 6400

31750 -0.07

f = 0.201574 – 0.07 = 0.13157 <0.15

The maximum frictional resistance considered for the design is restricted to 0.15 keeping in view the worst frictional conditions. As the frictional resistance calculated is less than0.15 we doesn’t needed to change design speed or radius of curvature hence providing curves with 250m radius and design speed of 80kmph.

Minimum radius of curvature:

The minimum radius of curvature is given by the following formula.

R = v2

127(e+ f )

R = 802

127 ×0.22

R = 6400/27.94 = 229.06227m < 250m

Hence safe

Extra widening:

The extra widening is further divided into two parts mechanical widening and psychological widening.

Mechanical widening:

The mechanical widening is given by the following formula.

Wm = l3

2 R

Where, l = maximum length of the vehicle (10m).

Wm = 103

2× 250 =2m

As we are providing one-way access roads the mechanical widening to be provided is 2m.

207

Psychological widening:

The psychological widening is given by

Wps = v

9.5√R

Wps = 80

9.5√250 = 0.532m

Therefore the psychological widening of 0.532m is to be provided.

The total extra widening will be the sum mechanical widening and psychological widening.

We = Wm + Wps

We = 2 + 0.532 = 2.532m

The total extra widening is 2.532m.

Transition curve:

A transition curve, or spiral easement, is a mathematically calculated curve on a section of highway, or railroad track, where a straight section changes into a curve. It is designed to prevent sudden changes in lateral (or centripetal) acceleration. In plan (i.e., viewed from above) the start of the transition of the horizontal curve is at infinite radius and at the end of the transition it has the same radius as the curve itself, thus forming a very broad spiral. At the same time, in the vertical plane, the outside of the curve is gradually raised until the correct degree of bank is reached.

The length of transition curve is the maximum of the following three aspects

Rate of change of centrifugal acceleration. Rate of change of super- elevation. Empirical formula.

Rate of change of centrifugal acceleration:

The length of the transition curve with respect to the rate of change of centrifugal acceleration is given by

Ls = 0.0215 v3

cR

Where, v = design speed

C = constant obtained from the equation c = 80

75+v = 0.5161

0.5 < C < 0.8 (safe)

Ls = 0.0215 × 803

0.5161× 250 = 85.312m

Rate of introduction of super-elevation:

208

The length of the transition curve with respect to the rate of introduction of super-elevation is given by

Ls = eN(W + We)

The rate of introduction of super-elevation taken is 1 in 150i.e. N = 150

e (super-elevation) = 0.07

Ls = 0.07×150×(7+2.532) = 100.086m

Empirical formula:

The empirical formula given by IRC is

Ls = 2.7 v2

R

Ls = 2.7 ×802

250 = 69.12m

The length of the transition curve to be provided is the maximum value of above calculation i.e. 100.1m.

Pavement:

We are providing the flexible pavement for the access roads. The code of practise given by the Indian government is IS: 37-2001 for the flexible pavement design. The CBR value is taken as 5%throughout this airport design.

The cumulative number of standard axles is to be calculated to determine the thickness of the pavement and is given by the formula.

N = 365[ (1+r )n−1]

r× A × D × F

Where,

A = initial traffic for a single day with axial load more than 3tons.

D = constant for single line it will be equal to 1.

F = vehicle damage factor.

The vehicle damage factor is given by the code depending upon traffic volume and terrain conditions is as follows.

209

F = 1.5

N = design life = 20 years.

r = annual growth rate in commercial vehicles. = 0.075

Calculation:

The cumulative number of standard axles is

N = 365 [ (1+0.0075 )20−1 ]

0.075× 30 ×1× 1.5

N = 711280 = 0.7 million standard axles .

Depending of the standard axles and CBR tables are given by IS:37-2001

The following table consists of pavement thicknesses to be provided for all the access roads

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CHAPTER 5

212

5.1 CONCLUSION

Through this project it is concluded that the following aspects are planned and designed:

1) A typical Runway consisting of two high speed exitways and entryways.

2) A Terminal building including all the necessary aspects for a general terminal building.

a) The seating capacity of the waiting hall is planned for about 600 in number.

b) It also includes a clinic and VIP room.

3) The access road is designed for a design speed of 80kmph including transition curves.

A theory for reduction of Runway length is included in this project. This theory has been referred and new modifications are proposed in a efficient method.

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5.2 REFERENCES

Code references:

Plain and Reinforced concrete code ---- IS: 456-2000

Steel code ---------------------------------- IS: 800-2007

Dead load ---------------------------------- IS: 875(part 1) - 1987

Superimposed load ----------------------- IS: 875(part 2) – 1987

Wind load----------------------------------- IS:875(part 3) - 1987

Earthquake resistant design ------------- IS: 1893 – 2002

Load combinations ----------------------- IS: 875(part 5) – 1987

Design of flexible pavement ------------ IRC: 37-2001

Text book references:

Airport engineering by RANGWALA

Highway engineering by S.K.KHANNA

Reinforced concrete by A.K.JAIN

Steel structures by S.K.DUGGAL

Geotechnical engineering by ARORA

Surveying by ARORA

Website references:

www.google.co.in

www.wikipedia.org

www.faa.gov

www.aai.aero

www.civilaviation.gov.in

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http://www.civilaviation.gov.in/

http://www.aai.aero/

http://www.faa.gov/

http://www.wikipedia.org/

http://www.google.co.in/

AIRPORT PLANNING AND DESIGN BY NIRANJAN

Engineering

Transcript of AIRPORT PLANNING AND DESIGN BY NIRANJAN