Business case

The need for airline reservation system came from the fact that automated technical

systems were taking over manual systems. Given below are some of the

characteristics of manual and technical system-

Manual system: The system is very time consuming and lazy. This system is more

prone to errors and sometimes the approach to various problems is unstructured.

Technical system: With the advent of latest technology if we do not update our

system then our business result in losses gradually with time. The technical systems

contains the tools of latest trend i.e. computers printers, fax, Internet etc. The

systems with this technology are very fast, accurate, user-friendly and reliable. Few

factors that directs us to develop a new system are- Faster System Accuracy

Reliability, Informative Reservations and cancellations from any place

Airlines were among the first to use databases in a geographically distributed

manner-terminals situated around the world accessed the central database system

through phone lines and other data networks The airline reservation system

maintains information on flights, classes of seats, personal preferences, prices and

bookings.

The system allows three classes of users: casual, registered and administrators; to

view flights on particular days and to book a number of seats. Users of the airline

ticket booking system will have the ability to search for the cheapest flights available

for a certain destination on a certain date. After finding and selecting the flight

required, a user can book a ticket. Only registered users will be allowed to book a

ticket; hence, while booking the ticket, the user has the option either to provide

authentication details or, if not registered, to register with the application. Before

finalising the booking of a flight, personal information must have been entered.

Registered users may go on a waiting list for seats if the desired flight does not have

enough free seats. Management of the waiting list is left undefined. Registered users

must logon using a user-id and password, and the system maintains personal

information for such users. Registered users may view and update their personal

information. The system is expected to have a Web user interface for customers and

an authorization based Web interface for administrators.

The key elements in the system revolve around planned and actual Flights, and the

reservations made by customers of actual flights. A planned flight represents a

forward schedule of the expected flight pattern for a flight. Given below is a model of

the business case which represents how airline reservation system works and how

various entities and departments interact with each other.

Booking department

Airline

Reservation

System

ReportsPassenger

Database

RECEIVE CUSTOMER REQUEST

DATA ACCESSDATA STORAGE

FLIGHT MAINTENANCE, BOOKING, CANCELLATION

Passenger List, Confirmed list

Waiting list cancellation

Ticket reservation Cancellation, Request for enquiry

Passenger list, Fleet info concession, Flight information, Fare details

ER diagram

AIRPORT

STATECITYNAMECODE

DEPARTURE

ARRIVAL

FLIGHT LEG

LEG NO.

LEGS

FLIGHT

FARES

FARE

ARRIVAL TIME

TYPE

AIRPLANE TYPE

CAN LAND

AIRPLANE ASSIGNED LEG INSTANCE

TOTAL NO. OF SEATS

AIRPLANE ID

MAX SEATSTYPE NAME

COMPANY

ARRIVES

DEPARTS

INSTANCE OF

CODE

AMOUNT

DEPT. TIME

NO OF AVAL SEATS

DATE

RESERVATIONSEAT

NAMEPHONE

DEPT. TIME

SEAT NO.

1

N

1 N

1

N

1

N

N

N

N

1

1

Rectangles represent entity sets, Ellipses represent attributes. Diamonds

represent relationship sets. Lines link attributes to entity sets and entity sets to

relationship sets. Double ellipses which represent multi valued attributes. Double

lines which indicate total participation of an entity in a relationship set.

List of transactions

The database represents each Airport, keeping its unique Airport Code, the

Airport Name, and the City and State in which the Airport is located.

Each airline flight has a unique number, the Airline for the flight, and the

Weekdays on which the flight is scheduled

A flight is composed of one or more flight legs for example, flight number

CO1223 from New York to Los Angeles may have two flight legs, leg 1 from

New York to Houston and leg 2 from Houston to Los Angeles. Each flight leg

has a leg number, Departure airport and Scheduled Departure Time, and an

arrival airport and Scheduled Arrival Time.

A leg instance is an instance of a flight leg on a specific date. The actual

departure and arrival airports and Times are recorded for each flight leg after

the flight leg has been concluded. The Number of available seats and the

airplane used in the leg instance are also kept.

The customer reservations on each leg instance include the customer name,

phone, and seat number(s) for each reservation.

Information on Airplanes and Airplane Types are also kept. For each Airplane

type, the Type Name, manufacturing company, and maximum number of

seats are kept. The Airports in which planes of this type Can Land are kept in

the database. For each Airplane, the Airplane Id, total number of seats, and

Type are kept

Below mentioned are the basic transactions that will take place -

Enter the details of the traveller.

Check for availability of tickets.

Inform the traveller the position of the available seat.

Ask his/her decision whether to reserve the ticket or not.

Positive reply-book ticket after receiving the amount for the cost of ticket.

Issue the ticket.

Ask the traveller to check in time so that he/she doesn’t miss the plan

because of delay.

Update the database before the next booking is to be done.

Attributes and Entities

Airport(airport code, Airport name, City, State)

Airline type(Type name, maximum seats, company)

Airplane( Airplane Id , Total no of seats)

Departure ( departure time)

Arrival ( arrival time)

departs( departure time)

Fare( code, amount)

Leg instance( date)

Reservation( customer name , phone)

Relationships

One to many one to oneAirport to flight leg legs to flight

Flight leg to leg instance airport to airplane typeAirplane type to airplane airport to leg instanceAirplane to leg instance legs to fares

Flight to fare flight leg to flight

Number of available seats to seat