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OP 1050

AIRCRAFT SMOKE BOMBS

28 NOVEMBER 1945

SECOND REVISION

This publication is RESTRICTED and shall be safeguarded in accordance with the securityprovisions of U. S . Navy Regulations, 1920, Article 76.

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AIRCRAFT SMOKE BOMBS

NAVY DEPARTMENT

BUREAU OF ORDNANCE

WASHINGTON 25, D. C.

ORDNANCE PAMPHLET 1050 (SECOND REVISION)

28 November 1945

1. Ordnance Pamphlet 1050 (Second Revision) contains instructions forthe stowage, handling, suspension, and use of aircraft smoke bombs used bythe Navy .

2.

This publication supersedes Ordnance Pamphlet 1050 (First Revision),which should be destroyed. The following publications contain informationconcerning related munitions

OP 1042-Ships Chemical Smoke Munitions.

OP 1125-Aviation Ordnance Chemical Spraying Equipment.

Army TM 3-250-Storage and Shipment of Dangerous Chemicals.

3.

This publication is RESTRICTED and shall be safeguarded in accord-ance with the security provisions of U. S. Navy Regulations, 1920, Article 76 .

G. F. HuSSEY, JR .

Rear Admiral, U. S . Navy

Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section 1 . Introduction

Page

PURPOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Section 2. Aircraft Floating Smoke Bombs

GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1DESCRIPTION OF BODIBS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1100-lb . Aircraft Smoke Bomb Mark 3 Mod 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

150-lb . Aircraft Smoke Bombs Mark 1 Mods 1 and 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1Packing and Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

100-lb . Aircraft Smoke Bomb Mark 3 Mod 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

250-lb . Aircraft Smoke Bombs Mark 1 Mods 1 and 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2TBF

Type Aircraft

Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2Arming Wires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2BALLISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2IGNITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2FUZE ADAPTER MARK 1 MOD 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

Section 3 . 100-Lb. Quick-Opening Cluster E44 of

14 10-Lb. HC Smoke Bombs M77GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7DESCRIPTION OF THE 1O-LB, TIC SMOKE BOMB M77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Painting and Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF 100-LB . SMOKE BOMB CLUSTER E44 . . . . . . . .

10

Section 4. 100-Lb. Smoke Bomb M47A2 and AN-M47A3GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12COMPLETE ROUND ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13INSTALLATION OF FUZE AN-M126A1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS FOR FUZE AN-M126A1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13PAINTING AND MARKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13PACKAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Section 5. Precautions in MaintenanceH C

MUNITIONS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Stowage Ashore and Afloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15Special Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15A'S'P MUNITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Stowage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Decontamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Figure 1-100-Ib. Aircraft Smoke Bomb Mark 3

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A. Purpose

This publication is intended to provide instruc-tion for the installation. handling, stowage, sus-pension, and use of aircraft smoke bombs.

B. ScopeThis publication covers the following smoke

bombs available to the Navy

A. GeneralThe aircraft floating smoke bombs for Naval

use are filled with HC smoke mix (Type A, com-posed of hexachlorethane, zinc dust, ammoniumperchlorate, ammonium chloride and magnesiumcarbonate), which upon burning produces a densewhite smoke. The 100-lb. Smoke Bomb Mark3 Mod 0 produces smoke for 6 to 10 minutes,the 50-lb. Smoke Bomb Mark 1 Mod 1 producessmoke for 3.0 to 5 minutes, and the 50-lb. SmokeBomb Mark 1 Mod 2 produces smoke for 6 to 7.5minutes. All floating smoke bombs are safe fortake-offs and landings anywhere., including car-riers. These smoke bombs are floating bombsdesigned for dropping from aircraft for the pur-pose of creating a smoke screen, primarily on thesurface of a body of water. By means of the fuzeadapter Mark 1 Mod 0 these bombs will alsofunction on land impact .

B. Description of Bombs1. The 100-lb. Aircraft Smoke Bomb Mark 3

Mod 0 (Figs. 1 & 2) . The 100-lb . Smoke BombMark 3 Mod 0 consists of an aluminum nose cast-ing which carries the smoke charge, a hollowwood float to provide buoyancy, and four tailfins to provide good flight characteristics. Thebomb is shipped with a water-impact Fuze Mark

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SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

SECTION 2

AIRCRAFT FLOATING SMOKE BOMBS

1 . The Aircraft Floating Smoke Bombs, ofwhich there are two sizes. The 100-lb . AircraftSmoke Bomb Mark 3 Mod 0 and the 50-lb. Air-craft Smoke Bombs Mark 1 Mod 1 and Mark 1Mod 2.2. The 100-lb . Quick Opening Cluster E44 of

fourteen 10-lb. HC Smoke Bombs M77.3. The 100-lb . Smoke Bomb M47A2 and

AN-M47A3.

3 Mod 1 in the nose . At the tail of the float is avalve cap with a valve to prevent water fromleaking into the interior of the bomb and to actas a baffle giving lateral distribution to thesmoke. The bomb weighs 102 pounds, loadedand fuzed, and contains 59 pounds of HC smokemixture. The outside dimensions of the bombare 48.5 inches long by 10.25 inches in diameter .The bomb has two movable suspension bands.

2. The 50-lb. Aircraft Smoke Bombs Mark 1Mod 1 and Mark 1 Mod 2 (Figs. 3 & 4) . Thesebombs are similar to the 100-lb. Smoke BombMark 3 Mod 0 but are smaller in size . Theyweigh 54 pounds, loaded and .fuzed, and contain28 pounds of HC smoke mixture. The outsidedimensions of this bomb are length 38.3 inchesand diameter 8.85 inches . These bombs mayhave either one (Fig . 3) or two (Fig. 4) suspen-sion bands ; latest issue will have two bands. Adinterim issue will have one lug band with a for-ward lug attached by a metal strap to the bandfor double suspension . Either single or two lugsuspension may be used .The only difference between the characteris-

tics of the Smoke Bomb Mark 1 Mod 1 and theSmoke Bomb Mark 1 Mod 2 is the burning time,the Mark 1 Mod 1 emitting smoke for 3.0 to 5minutes and the Mark 1 Mod 2 for a period of 6to 7.5 minutes.

Figure 2

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3. Packing and Marking. The Aircraft Float-ing Smoke Bombs are shipped complete withfuzes and suspension bands packed in wire-bound cleated plywood boxes. The 50-lb. smokebombs are packed two to a box. The 100-lb .smoke bomb is packed one to a box.

C. Installation1. The 100-lb . Aircraft Smoke Bomb Mark 3

Mod 0 (Figs. 1 & 2) . The 100-lb. Smoke BombMark 3 Mod0 has two movable suspension bands.It may be suspended from any bomb rack orshackle subject to the following

(a) For external racks requiring two-lug sus-pension the nose baffle and suspension lugsshould be in line with a plane bisecting two ad-jacent tail fins (Fig . 2) . This is the normal posi-tion of the suspension bands.

(b) For internal bomb bay suspension fromtwo-hook shackles or racks the suspension lugsand nose baffle must be rotated 45 degrees untilthey line up in the same plane as one fin of thetail .

(c) For single-hook bomb rack suspension,the leading band should be moved back to aposition 20 inches behind the nose fuze . Theother band should be rotated 90 degrees andpositioned 8 inches behind the front band . Thissecond band then provides a metal surface forthe rear steadying fork of the bomb rack .2. The 50-lb. Aircraft Smoke Bombs Mark 1

Mod 1 and Mark 1 Mod 2 (Figs. 3 & 4) . The50-lb. smoke bombs have either one or two mov-able suspension bands or a movable band withan additional attached lug. They may be usedwith either single or double suspension .

3. TBF Type Aircraft Capacity. The capacityof TBF type aircraft with complete operationalequipment is ten Bombs Mark 1 Mod 1 or Mark1 Mod 2, or four bombs Mark 3 Mod 0. Whenbomb bays are equipped with bombs only, thecapacity is twelve bombs Mark 1 Mod 1 or Mark1 Mod 2, or six bombs Mark 3 Mod 0.4. Arming Wires. Arming wires are required

for the 100-lb . Bomb Mark 3 Moil 0 or the 50-lb.Bomb Mark 1 Mod 1 or Mark 1 Mod 2 only whenthe fuze adapter Mark 1 Mod 0 is used .

D. BallisticsThe Smoke Bomb Mark 3 Mod 0 has a ballistic

coefficient of 0.882 and an approximate maxi-

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E . Ignition

AIRCRAFT FLOATING SMOKE BOMBS

mum striking velocity of 795 feet per second .The Smoke Bombs Mark 1 Mod 1 and Mark 1

Mod 2 have a ballistic coefficient of 0.627 andan approximate maximum striking velocity of694 feet per second .

The Smoke Bombs Mark 1 Mod 1 and Mark 1Mod 2 and the Smoke Bomb Mark 3 Mod 0 areall equipped with the water impact nose fuzeMark 3 Mod 1 (Fig . 5) . This fuze, when installedin the bomb and the bomb released over water,functions upon impact as follows : The firingpin, which is held in place by a creep spring, isdriven into a primer by fluid pressure . The spitof the primer ignites a length of time fuze whichgives an 18-second delay. The time fuze ignitesa quick match which ignites the starting mix-ture, and this initiates the burning of the smokemixture. Gas pressure formed by the burningsmoke mixture breaks the vent discs and opensthe valve cap at the tail of the bomb, permittingthe smoke to be emitted .

F . Fuze Adapter Mark 1 Mod 0The Floating Smoke Bomb Fuze Adapter

Mark 1 Mod 0 (Fig . 6) is an adapter designedfor use with the 100-lb . Aircraft Smoke BombMark 3 Mod 0 and the 50-lb. Aircraft SmokeBombs Mark 1 Mod 1 and Mark 1 Mod 2. Thesesmoke bombs are shipped with the water impactFuze Mark 3 Mod 1 . By means of the FuzeAdapter Mark 1 Mod 0 the Fuze Mark 3 Mod 1will function on either land or water impact . Theadapter may easily be installed over the fuze inthe field without modification to the bomb. Theadapter is installed over the fuze and securedby tightening three set screws on the base ofthe adapter. After the bomb is installed in theairplane, the arming wire is threaded into theadapter and adjusted to protrude about fourinches . Two Fahnestock safety clips are slippedover the end of the arming wire, the safety wireis removed . The bomb is ready for take off.When the bomb is released from the plane thearming wire is pulled releasing the spring loadedguard which falls free and the adapter is armed.Upon impact the push pin is forced into thefiring pin, which is driven into the primer . Theignition is then similar to that described in para-graph E above.

3

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Figure 4

Figure 5

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A. General

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Figure 6-Adapter Mark 1 Mod 0 for AircraftSmoke Bomb Mark 1 all Mods and Mark 3 Mod 0

100-LB. QUICK-OPENING CLUSTER E44 OF 14 10-LB. HC SMOKE BOMBS M77

The 100-lb. Quick-Opening Cluster E44 (desig-nated as the M25 until January 1945), of 1410-lb. HC Smoke Bombs M77 (Fig . 7) was de-signed to provide frontal or flank cover foramphibious operations or troop movements andto blanket large areas of enemy positions withsmoke. They are for use over land only. Testshave shown that each cluster opens a few feetbelow the releasing plane and when droppedfrom 500 feet altitude disperses its bombs overa somewhat elliptical area about 50 yards across .The bombs require two to four minutes afterhitting the ground to build up an effective screen,and will produce smoke from eight to twentyminutes. Instructions for the proper operationaluse of these clusters may be found in Cominchpublication P-04 "Smoke Screens for Amphibi-ous Operations ." This cluster will functionsatisfactorily from altitudes of 50 feet to ai)ove5000 feet . A small percentage of duds (10 X',;)may be expected from all altitudes .

G. Use

SECTION 3

100-LB. QUICK-OPENING CLUSTER E44

The Navy floating smokebombswere originallydesigned for use over water only, and should notbe used over land unless a Fuze Adapter Mark IMod 0 is installed. Tests indicate that thesebombs function satisfactorily when used underthe following conditions

B. Description of the 10-Lb. HC SmokeBomb M77

1 . Construction . The 10-lb. HC Smoke BombM77 consists of a steel hexagonal case 2 .87inches across the flats and 19.5 inches long,weighing approximately thirteen pounds whenfilled . This bomb has no device for stabilizationin flight, and therefore uses the "all-ways" typeFuze M150. Components of the bomb are asfollows

(a) Body-a sheet steel leak-proof casing ex-tending the entire length of the bomb (Fig. 8) .

(b) Tail Cup-A tail cup fits into the rear ofthe casing, having a dome which in turn housesthe fuze .

(c) Filling-The bomb is filled with 9 .5pounds of Type "C" HC smoke mixture (Hexa-chlorethane-zinc oxide-aluminum mix) .

(d) All-ways Fuze M150 (Fig . 9)-This isan all-ways action type fuze . The body and headare zinc alloy castings . This fuze incorporatesthe primer M26. The booster cup is made ofzinc alloy and is filled with a starter mixture.

7

Altitude of Releasein Feet

(Level Bombing)Minimum Depthof Water in Feet

TypeofBottom

Over 5000 20-40 Sand1500-5000 10-20 SandBelow 1500 3-10 SandUp to 2500 5 or greater Hard Coral

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AIRCRAFT SMOKE BOMBS

2. Operation. A retaining pin is removed fromthe fuze when the fuzed bombs are assembledin the cluster . While the bombs are in the clus-ter, their proximity holds a release clip to thebody of the fuze . When the bombs are released,the arming pin and release clip are forced outby the arming pin spring, permitting the safetypin to enter the cavity in the striker . Impactforces the striker and sleeve together, piercingthe primer, which in turn ignites the first firemixture, which ignites the HC smoke mix. Theheat generated by the burning of the first firemixture and the HC smoke mix melts the zincalloy fuze body . The smoke is then emittedthrough the fuze hole in the tail cup. CAUTIONOnce the arming pin jumps out, the fuze is armedand any attempt to reinsert it may cause thefuze to fire .

3 . Painting and Marking. The 10-lb . SmokeBomb M77 is painted blue gray overall with a1/.Z-inch yellow band 61 3 inches from the tail .On one flat surface the symbol of filling, thedesignation, loader's initial or symbol, date offilling (month and year) and loader's lot numberare stenciled in %%8-inch yellow marking ink .

C . Description and Operation of the100-Lb . Smoke Bomb Cluster E44

1 . The Smoke Bomb Cluster E44 consistsprimarily of an M4 cluster adapter, in whichfourteen 10-lb . HC Smoke Bombs M77 aresecured . The complete cluster, weighing 193pounds, is issued fully assembled and ready forinstallation in the airplane .

2 . The cluster adapter consists of two parallelchannelized bars ; one forms the base of theadapter while the other, termed the suspensionbar, affords means for attaching the cluster to arack or shackle . Two twin steel end plates atright angles to the bars complete the adapterframe . The bombs are held within the adapterin two bundles of seven, each bundle being sup-ported by two steel bands circumscribing thecluster . The ends of the bands are broughttogether above the suspension bar and securedby a buckle-type fastener . When packed for ship-ping the buckles are prevented from opening byboth the arming wire and safety wire . Uponinstallation, the safety wire is withdrawn andthe swivel loop of thc- forward arming wire is

1 0

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attached to the arming mechanism of the rackor shackle .

3 . Three suspension lugs are set in reinforc-ing plates directly below the upper suspensionbar . The lugs are held up by cotter pins insertedjust above the suspension bar . When packed inthe shipping box, these cotter pins are removed,allowing the lugs to assume a lowered position .The three cotter pins will be found wired to thecenter suspension lug . Before installation of thecluster is attempted, the cotter pins must be re-moved from their shipping position and insertedto hold up the desired suspension lugs . That is,if the cluster is to be suspended from a doublehook rack or shackle, the center lug will be leftin the lowered position and cotter pins insertedthrough the fore and aft lugs only . If suspensionfrom a single hook rack or shackle is desired,only the center lug is raised and positioned bya cotter pin .

4 . When the cluster is released armed, thearming wire is withdrawn, freeing the strapbuckles and allowing the bombs (and the clusteradapter) to fall independently toward the in-tended target . When released safe, the, wholecluster plus arming wire is dropped from the rackor shackle and, as the bombs are retained in thecluster, the fuzes cannot arm. If the cluster isnot dropped, the safety wire should again beinserted through the holes provided in thebuckle-type fasteners and the entire clusterstowed in its original shipping box.

5 . Painting and Marking-On one end of the100-lb . Quick-Opening Cluster E44 the followingis stenciled in black :

Cluster Adapter M4 (100-lb . size)Cluster, Smoke Bomb, E44 (100-lb . size)14 10-lb . (HC) M77FRONTWT. 193 lbs .

6 . Packaging - The 100-lb . Quick-OpeningCluster M25 is packed in a watertight cylindricalsteel container 407/8 inches long and 108/4 inchesin diameter (the total weight of the containerand contents is approximately 223 pounds) . Thecontainer is painted olive drab with a 1/,2-inchyellow band painted around the container . The

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l7 U

7

Figure 9-MISO All-Ways Fuze

AIRCRAFT SMOKE BOMBS

following is stenciled in 1/2-inch letters on thecontainer

1-cluster, Smoke Bomb E44 (100-lb. size)1410-lb. (HC) M77Name of contractorContract Number-and/or Purchase Order

Number

A. General

SECTION 4

100-LB. SMOKE BOMB M47A2 AND AN-M47A3

The 100-lb . Smoke Bomb M47A2 and AN-M47A3 (Figs. 10 & 11) consists of a 100-lb .Bomb Body M47A2 filled with either 100 poundsof WP (white phosphorus) or 72 pounds of PWP(plasticized white phosphorus-a mixture ofwhite phosphorus and synthetic rubber inxylene) . This bomb is equipped with a tetrylor black powder burster, and an instantaneousfunctioning, air-arming nose Fuze AN-M126ALThe only difference between the M47A2 and theAN-M47A3 is in the length of the tail fins . Thetail fins of the AN-M47A3 are three inches longerfor increased flight stability .

1 2

Figure 10-M47A2 WP-filled bomb, breakdown

When the bomb is released from the aircraft,the arming wire is withdrawn and the armingvanes of the fuze are free to rotate . After 725feet of air travel the fuze is fully armed. Uponimpact the striker overcomes the creep springand strikes the detonator, exploding the burster,which scatters the white phosphorus over a cir-cular area of approximately 30 to 50 yards inradius . An effective white smoke screen is pro-duced for 1 to 2 minutes (WP) and three in fiveminutes (PWP) .

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Date PackedInspection NumberCase NumberLot NumberNavy Requisition Number

DatedCWS Mfg. Order No. 1

Figure 11-M47A2 WP-filled bomb, exterior

The Smoke Bomb Bodies M47A2 and AN-M47A3 are 46 inches long (49 inches long in-cluding spacer, sleeve, shipping plug and tail)and 8 inches in diameter . The body is made of

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A-inch lap-welded steel and is threaded at thenose to take an axial burster well, which extendsto the tail of the bomb body . A sheet steel box-type tail assembly is welded to the bomb body .With the burster well installed, the bomb emptyweighs approximately 26 pounds . Two suspen-sion bands of sheet steel, each equipped with asuspension lug, circumscribe the bomb body. Thebomb ready for dropping weighs approximately126 pounds when loaded with Wl' and 98 poundswhen loaded with PWP.The Smoke Bombs M47A2 and AN-M47A3

may be suspended from any two-hook or single-hook racks or shackles . For suspension fromsingle hook racks or shackles, one suspensionband is removed and the remaining bandloosened, slid up to approximately the center ofgravity of the bomb and then retightened.

B. Complete Round Assembly

The complete round assembly for the 100-lb .Smoke Bomb M47A2 and AN-M47A3 consistsof the following components

1. 100-lb . Smoke Bomb M47A2 or AN-M47A3filled with 100pounds of WP (white phosphorus)with burster well installed and burster well cav-ity plugged with a cork .2. Burster M4 (1 .56 pounds of tetryl) for high

altitude bombing ; or Burster M18 (260 grams ofBlack Powder and 260 grams Sand) for low alti-tude bombing ; or Burster M7 (520 grams ofBlack Powder) may be substituted for eitherBurster M4 or M18. All bursters are 37.5 incheslong by 1 .0 inch in diameter. When loaded withPWP this bomb takes the Burster M20 (400grams of tetryl) 37.5 inches long by 0.75 inchin diameter.3. Arming wire assembly .4. Bomb Nose Fuze AN-M126AL

C. Installation of Fuze AN-M126A1

The nose fuze AN-M126A1 is installed in the100-lb . Smoke Bomb M47A2 as follows :

l. Thread the arming wire through the frontsuspension lug of the bomb . The bomb is nowready to be installed in the airplane .

2. After the bomb is installed in the airplane,the fuze AN-M126A1 is screwed into the noseof the bomb, hand-tight, until it seats. Use notools.

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100413. SMOKE BOMB M47A2 AND AN-M47A3

3. Thread the arming wire through the arm-ing wire guide and tab on the vane of the fuzeand adjust the wire to protrude four inchesbeyond the vane.

4. Slip two safety clips (Fahnestock connec-tions) over the arming wire and push them upto the arming wire tab on the vane of the fuze .

5. Remove the seal wire from the fuze.6. Remove adhesive tape from the fuze collar

if present.

D . Special Precautions for Fuze AN-Ml 26A1

The nose Fuze AN-M126A1 lacks certain de-sirable safety characteristics, because this fuze,although air arming, is constructed with the fir-ing pin in line with the detonator. If the 100-lb.Smoke Bomb M47A2 equipped with this fuze isdropped nose down onto a hard surface from aheight of several feet or more, the fuze, althoughunarmed, is liable to detonate the burster be-cause the fuze body can be crushed sufficientlyto force the firing pin into the detonator of thefuze .The fuze AN-M126A1 may be used in the

100-lb . Smoke Bomb M47A2 by both land-basedand carrier-based Naval aircraft providing thatthe fuze is installed only after the bomb hasbeen installed in the aircraft, and providing thatall bombs equipped with fuze AN-M126A1 arejettisoned before landing.A new fuze, the M159, has been developed to

replace the fuze AN-M126AL The fuze M159incorporates a detonator safe feature and maybe installed in bombs prior to their installationin the aircraft . The fuze M159 is safe for alltakeoffs (including catapult) and landings (in-cluding arrested) anywhere.

E . Painting and Marking

The body of the 100-lb . Smoke Bomb M47A2is painted blue-grey . All marking and letteringon the bomb is in yellow lacquer enamel orwater-proof yellow ink . The bomb has 1-inchwide yellow band, denoting smoke filling, 51/zinches forward of the rear suspension band. Thewords "100-LB SMOKE BOMB M47A2" areprinted in 1-inch letters beginning 1 inch aft ofthe forward suspension band . Immediately aftof this lettering is "BURSTER M4" and "WPFILLING" in 3/.1,-inch letters . One-half inch for-

1 3

AIRCRAFT SMOKE BOMBS

ward of the rear suspension band in 1/2-inch let-ters is the lot number, date of loading, and theidentification mark of the loading facility .

F. Packaging

The 100-lb . Smoke Bomb M47A2 is shippedunfuzed and without burster or arming wire ina wooden box, one bomb to a box. The dimen-sions of the box are 91:3 inches by 10 1, 92 inchesby 50 3 inches . The shipping weight is approxi-mately 150-170 pounds . The shipping box ismarked with the same information which is onthe bomb body.The markings on the shipping box are for

identification of the material, and to comply withInterstate Commerce Commission Regulations.If smoke bomb shipping containers are re-painted, they should be marked with a facsimileof the original markings .

OP 1050

The Bursters M4 are packed fifty to a woodenbox. The dimensions of the box are 3.44 feet by1 .09 feet by 0.69 foot . The approximate weightof the box and contents is 148 pounds . TheBursters M7 or M18 are also packed fifty to awooden box of similar dimensions, weighing 128pounds per box.The Fuzes AN-M126A1 are packed twelve to

a cardboard carton, four cartons to a woodenbox. The dimensions of the box are 11yV inchesby 9 ?, 21 inches by 23,16 inches . The approximateweight of the box and contents is 80 pounds .Arming wire assemblies are shipped in indi-

vidual water-proof envelopes, 100 envelopes toa carton, six cartons to a wooden box. The dimen-sions of the boxes may vary. The approximateweight of the box and contents is 75 pounds.The Navy will furnish Mark 3 arming wireassemblies to replace arming wires supplied bythe Army.

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Figure 12-Foreground: typical smoke emission of Floating Smoke Bomb Mark 3 Mod 0five minutes after initiation

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A. HC Munitions

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Figure 13-Frontal screen fonshore wind conditions) from Floating Smoke Bombs Mark 1 Mod Tover 1,000 yards of beach

1. Handling . Because the addition of evensmall amounts of moisture or water to the HCsmoke mixtures in floating smoke bombs cancause spontaneous ignition of the smoke mix-ture, the watertight integrity of these bombsmust be preserved. Therefore, smoke bombsshould be handled with care during shipmentand they should not be dropped, skidded, orrolled . Although the smoke mixture in thebombs M77 will not ignite from the effects ofmoisture or water, clusters of these bombsshould also be handled with care to maintain theintegrity of the clusters .

2. Stowage Ashore and Afloat . HC smokebombs should be stowed on shipboard duringshipment in a tight cargo hold equipped withfacilities for flooding, and they should not beoverstowed with other cargo . Stowage in a holdin which no other ammunition or cargo is stowedis preferable . HC smoke bombs should be

SECTION 5

PRECAUTIONS IN MAINTENANCE

stowed aboard warships and ashore in magazinescontaining other HC smoke munitions only,such as HC smoke bombs, pots, floats or gre-nades. Stowage of HC smoke bombs aboard war-ships should be above the waterline near thestern, with provisions made so that the smokebombs may be readily jettisoned . HC smokebombs must be protected from sea spray andhigh temperature (above 100 degrees F) . If asmoke bomb ignites accidentally, the principledanger is from spreading of the fire to adjacentcrates and subsequent ignition of these bombs.Water in large volume should be used in fightingHC smoke fires. Foamite and carbon dioxideextinguishers or fog nozzles are much less effec-tive than water as HC smoke mix does not re-quire atmospheric oxygen for its combustion .3. Special Precautions. HC smoke has toxic

effect on unmasked personnel subjected tostrong concentrations and some toxic effect isnoticed from long exposure to light concentra-tions. Gas masks should be adjusted when HC

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AIRCRAFT SMOKE BOMBS

smoke is released in enclosed places, and alsowhen personnel are subjected to prolongedexposures. however light.

B. WP Munitions

1 . Handling. As WP munitions ignite spon-taneously in contact with air they should notbe handled roughly lest their air-tight integritybe destroyed. If a fire does occur, personnelshould wear gloves and keep both the gloves andtheir shoes wet. WP smoke is toxic on prolongedand repeated inhalation, but is not likely to beharmful in the concentrations found in smokescreens in the open . Gas masks afford completeprotection from concentrated WP smoke, butthey tend to become clogged, and therefore theyshould not be worn except where serious ex-posure in enclosed spaces is involved .

2. Stowage. Since any bomb leakage ormalfunctioning in stowage would result ingeneration of quantities of acrid smoke and fireswhich are difficult to permanently extinguish onboard ship, the 100-lb . Smoke Bombs M47A2 or

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AN-M47A3, WP filled or PWP filled, should bestowed, protected from rain, spray, and directsunlight, andtopside where jettisoning is readilypossible . Ashore the bombs should be stowedin fireproof magazines away from all other typesof munitions . No WP munitions should bestowed at temperatures exceeding 100° F.3. Decontamination. White phosphorus fires

are easily extinguished permanently with a 5per cent copper sulfate solution . If this solutionis not available, water or wet sand may be usedto temporarily extinguish the fires. Fires thusextinguished will re-ignite when the phosphorushas dried out. Therefore, they must be keptwet until all the white phosphorus has beenremoved. WP in contact with the skin will causesevere and lingering burns. Places of contactshould be immediately washed and kept wet untilthe phosphorus has been removed. Washing theaffected area with soda solution, followed witha 5 per cent copper sulfate solution, is veryeffective, but greasy ointments should neverbe used as such ointments merely spread thecontamination .

Figure 14-Smoke from M47A2 WP-filled smoke bombs

OP 1050

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Figure 15-Flank screens each produced by six bombs M47A2, PWP-filled, 21/4 minutes after burst.Screens were being maintained by burning pieces of PWP and were effective for 10 minutes

2 copies unless otherwise noted.

* Applicable Addressees.22Jan46/15M/1 .

DISTRIBUTION

Requests for additional copies of OP 1050 (2d Revision) should be sub-mitted on NAVORD FORM 1, ORDNANCE PUBLICATIONS ANDFORMSREQUISITION, to the nearest Ordnance Publications Distribution CenterNavy Yard, Wash. 25, D . C . ; Adak, Alaska ; Mare Island, Calif. ; Pearl Har-bor, T. H. ; Guam Island, Marianas ; Subic Bay, P. 1. Distribution Centermailing addresses should be obtained from List 10 nn of the Standard NavyDistribution List, or from the reverse side of NAVORD FORM 1 .

Standard Navy Distribution List No. 30 (C) and 34 (R) .

l .a,b,c,d,h,i,j,k,l ; 2.a.c,f,l,s ; 3.e,i*,t,u,v,vvv,www,xxx,yyy ; 3.(5 copies),b,c,d,m ; 5 .b (London only) ; 6 .a,b ; 7.f,h,u*,w*,y*,ff ; 7.(5 copies),b,c,d,j,p,s*,x,z ; 7.(10 copies),a ; 8.b,h*,i,j,n(SPECIAL LIST B,C,G,H,K,P,BB,GG) ;10.b,c,d.j*,m*,n,gg,nn,ss ; ll .a(BuAer,CNO,ComdtMarCorps) ; 12 .a,b ; 13.a(1), (2), (4), (5), (6), (11), (12), (15), b(1), (2), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8),(9), (16), (17), c(3)*, (6) * ; 14.a,b*,q,r ; 14.(5 copies),g .

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