Aircraft Preliminary Design

8/11/2019 Aircraft Preliminary Design

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Activity 1: Conceptual Design

To determine the type and category of the design aircraft

To determine the regulation requirements of the design aircraft

To set preliminary specification of the design aircraft

“Our Goal: set the highest standards possible in aircraft production and development. Our

Promise: combine the most progressive materials and technology to deliver highly reliable,

economic aircraft that are less damaging to the environment while never sacrificing

performance, safety or beauty."

-Christian Dries,

Diamond Aircraft

Nowadays, aircrafts are designed for a specific purpose. Aircrafts such as Vision SF50,

Citation Mustang, Eclipse 500 and Phenom 100 are designed to provide air travel for the elite

and business minded people. P-3 Orion and P-8A Poseidon exists for the United States naval

aircraft and used in patrolling for terrain protection purposes. T-34C Turbomentor, T-44 Pegasus,T-45A/C Goshawk and T-6B Texan II are trainer aircrafts for the aspiring Air Force pilots.

With the vision and zeal of the designer to combine all the possible highest quality of

different type of aircraft, the most technologically advanced twin engine with exceptional range

and endurance and an extremely capable cross-country traveler with stunning looks that are sure

to attract stares wherever you taxi in, the future prince of aircraft industry is now born to take

its flight, the “Zurcx777”.

The Zurcx777 (read as Zurcx triple seven) is a four seat, twin turbo-diesel propeller

engine. It has a low wing and tapered configuration with winglet designed to enhance the overall

efficiency of the aircraft, saving fuel by reducing drag while also lowering noise emissions byimproving take-off performance and to help reduce the spiral-shaped vortices that form at the

wingtips of the aircraft during flight. T-tailed design to give off smoother and faster (more

dynamic pressure) flow, more predictable design characteristics, and better pitch control. A

tricycle-type retractable landing gear is installed for the high maneuverability factors.

Zurcx777 uses two AE300 (E4-series) powerplant and two MT MTV-6-R-C / CF 190-69 3-

blade Constant Speed Propeller. The AE300 (E4-series) is a four cylinder two liter piston engine

which uses Jet A1 or diesel fuel to produce 170 horsepower. With this new AE300 (E4-series),

Austro Engine GmbH has launched the leading Jet A1 piston engine in General Aviation.

Numerous testing hours have proved its endurance and reliability, highest performance and

higher efficiency compared to similar products on the market.1-1



The name “Zurcx777” etymologically from the reversed surname of the designer withthe letter “X” to represent the “Cross of Jesus Christ” and may simply mean “God is with us”, the

triple 7 is from the 777-200LR that set the record for biggest non-stop distance flown by a

commercial plane with 11,664 nautical miles and the lucky number of the designer.

TOP VIEW

FRONT VIEW

LEFT SIDE VIEW

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_mile

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_mile



Aircraft Category: Normal

This aircraft is type certificated under normal category for airplanes taken from FAR

Part 23 under Section 3 - Airplane Categories, wherein the normal category is limited to

airplanes that have a seating configuration, excluding pilot seats, of nine or less, a maximum

certificated takeoff weight of 12,500 pounds or less, and intended for non-acrobatic operation.

Materials

Molded largely with composite materials

Fuselage

The Zurcx777 structure is fiber reinforced plastic composite. The semi-monocoque

fuselage is a carbon-fiber reinforced-plastic (CFRP) shell with glass-fiber reinforced-

plastic (GFRP) bulkheads and stiffeners. The one-piece canopy has a large quantity of

wrap-around glazing. This gives a good all-round view from the cockpit. A glazed rear

passenger door on the left side of this aircraft gives access to the rear seats. The

passenger door lifts up to give good access and is supported in the open position by a

gas strut. The nose cover has also a large quantity of wrap-around glazing.

Wing

The wing is also semi-monocoque construction constructed using CFRP and GFRP. It has

a low wing and tapered configuration with winglet device. A wing center section is

attached to the bottom of the fuselage center section. The wing center section has the

two engine nacelles, the wing stubs and the fuselage center-section floor. The engine

nacelles give the fixing points for the engines. The wing stubs have the attachment

points for the outer wings.

Landing Gear

The center section has the main landing gear bays and landing gear leg attachments.

The tricycle landing gear is fully retractable and hydraulically operated. The main landing

gear legs are attached to mounting points in the wing center-section. The main landing

gear retracts into integral compartments in the wing center section. Landing gear doors

seal the landing gear bays when the gear is retracted. The nose landing gear is steerable

and is attached to the lower front of the fuselage. The nose landing gear bay is integral

with the front fuselage and doors seal the bay when the gear is retracted.

Fins

The fin is an integral part of the fuselage and has a ‘T’ tail horizontal stabilizer. The

ailerons, rudder, elevator and flaps are all constructed using a GFRP/CFRP sandwichconstruction.

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ENGINE

2x Austro Engine AE 300 turbocharged, common-rail injected 2.0 liter diesel engine with

168 HP and EECU single lever control

The Austro engine is a liquid-cooled, in-line four-stroke four cylinder engine with double

overhead camshaft (DOHC) with four valves per cylinder. The valves are actuated by the

cam follower. The direct fuel injection is realized by means of a common rail technique

and the engine is charged by a turbo charger in combination with an intercooler. All

engine components are controlled by an EECU system.

PROPELLER

2x MT MTV-6-R-C / CF 190-69 3-blade Constant Speed Propeller

The propeller is activated by an integrated gearbox with an integral torsional vibration

damper.

FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM

The flight control system uses conventional ailerons, elevator and rudder. The Zurcx777

has two control sticks and two rudder pedal assemblies to operate the primary flightcontrols. Push-pull rods operate the ailerons and the elevator. Cables operate the rudder.

An electric motor operates the flaps via push-pull rods. The elevator has both an electric

and a manual trim system. A handwheel and bowden cable operate the elevator trim

mechanically. The rudder has a mechanical trim system which uses a rotary drive and

bowden cable to operate a rudder trim tab.

Electrically Operated Adjustable Rudder Pedals for Pilot and Copilot

FUEL SYSTEM

The Zurcx777 has aluminum fuel tank assemblies in each wing. Each fuel tank has three

chambers which are mounted between the wing spars. The outer fuel chamber of eachassembly has a fuel filler. Flexible hoses connect the fuel tanks to the fuel distribution

system. Each tank can feed either engine via a fuel cross-feed system. Fuel level sensors

are installed in the inner and outer fuel tank chambers. Auxiliary fuel tanks are optional

equipment. The auxiliary fuel tanks consist of a single fuel chamber in each engine nacelle

and have their own fuel tank filler and a fuel transfer pump.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

The Zurcx777 has two sources of electrical power. A 24 V battery supplies electrical power

when the engines are not running. Engine generators provide electrical power when

minimum one of the engines is running. Switches and circuit breakers control all electrical

devices. A key switch controls the engine starting system. 1-4



AVIONICSThe Zurcx777 has a full range of flight instruments contained in a Garmin integrated

cockpit system (ICS). The ICS has two display screens. Both of them are able to show all

the aircraft flight instrumentation data, navigation data, engine data and other aircraft

system data. An audio control panel is located between the two display screens. The

audio control panel integrates and controls the aircraft radio, navigation and intercom

systems. The ICS also displays all the aircraft warnings, cautions and alerts. The ICS can

also be configured to show ground and flight check lists. This aircraft’s autopilot system is

either a KAP 140 digital flight control system that provides roll, pitch, and pitch trim

steering with altitude preselect or a GFC 700 Garmin digital flight control system that

provides roll, pitch, pitch trim, and yaw steering with altitude control. The GFC 700autopilot system is controlled via the MFD of the Garmin G1000 ICS.

Honeywell KN63 Remote DME

Becker 3500 Remote ADF

WX 500 Stormscope

Avidyne TAS 605 Traffic Advisory System

Garmin GWX 68 Weather Radar

Garmin GSR 56 Iridium Satellite Datalink

Flight Data Recorder

Garmin ChartView Approach Plates (subscription required) Garmin Synthetic Vision Technology

Bose A20 Bluetooth Headset Package (4 pieces including installed LEMO connectors)

Other Systems

Air Conditioning/RACC System (powered by an additional Alternator)

TKS Deicing System

Oxygen System

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Maximum take-off weight (MTOW) 4,189 lbs

Fuel capacity (useable fuel) (standard / long

range)50 US gal / 76.4 US gal

Fuel grades Jet A1

Maximum cruise speed (16,000 ft, MCP),

1760 kg TOW197 kts TAS

Cruise speed at 60% in 16,000 ft 174 kts TAS

Stall speed, clean 67 kts CAS

Stall speed, landing configuration 61 kts CAS

Rate of climb (ISA SL) 1760 kg TOW 1,800 fpm

Rate of climb (18,000 ft) 1000 fpm

Range, at 60%, standard / long range tank 795 nm / 1,215 nm

Fuel consumption at 60% 10.4 gal/hr total

Takeoff distance, 50 ft (ISA SL) 1,961 ft

Take-off ground roll (ISA SL) 1760 kg TOW 919 ft

Range, at 60%, standard / long range tank 795 nm / 1,215 nm

Landing distance, 50 ft (ISA SL) 1,870 ft

Landing ground roll (ISA SL) 1,115 ft

Maximum operating altitude 18,000 ft

Maximum demonstrated crosswind 25 kts

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Designing an aircraft is not as easy as counting 1… 2… 3… or even as writing ABC,

designing an aircraft is a complex task where you need study the properties of moving air, and

the interaction between the air and solid bodies moving through it, and answer the question

“How does an aircraft fly?”

Designers must not limit themselves in conceptualizing designs for an aircraft, they must

try to think of even an impossible and intricate design and make it a possible one, as others said

“Sky’s the limit” and so with this, Zurcx777’s designer came up with the superb idea.

The Zurcx777 has the highest standards possible in aircraft production and development

for it is a combination of the most progressive materials and technology to deliver highly reliable,

economic aircraft that are less damaging to the environment while never sacrificing

performance, safety or beauty. This aircraft can be used in business, air taxi, patrolling, personal

and/or as trainer.

From the intellectual mind of the designer along with the help of different internet sites

and books, the conceptual design and characteristics of this aircraft, the Zurcx777, can pass all

the regulatory requirements suited for this type of aircraft.

As the designer shall continue his research and design for this conceptual aircraft, to

achieve his goal and succeed his set objectives for this aircraft, he must attain all those assumed

values that are included on this first activity.

After finishing all the research and activities of this design, the newly born future prince

of aircraft industry, the Zurcx777, can now have its flight and travel around the globe.

At the end of the day, dreaming of flying your designed aircraft is as easy as counting 1…

2… 3… just believe in yourself and make it possible.

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Aircraft Preliminary Design

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