AIRBORNE MAG EM RPT CARTIER TWP · SUMMARY A helicopter-borne AeroTEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic...

ASSESS.MENT REPORT

BASED ON THE

2 .368 0 2 - ~ - .

2007 AeroTEM ELECTROMAGNETIC AND MAGNETIC GEOPHYSI(:AL SURVEY & FOLLOW-UP GEOLOGItCAL MAPPING

Cartier Project, Cartier Township Claims: 3011969,3011970,3011971

Sudbury Mining Division NTS 411111

Shastri M. Ramnath, MSc. , PGeo. Sydney 1. Ramnath December 9'\ 2007

RECEIVED

GEOSCIENCE ASSESSMENT OfFICE

SUMMARY

A helicopter-borne AeroTEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic Survey was conducted by Aeroquest International on behalf of FNX Mining Company Inc. on April 26th

, 2007. The work program targeted Cu-Ni-PGE mineralization in the North Range footwall rocks to the Sudbury Igneous Complex ("SIC"). The purpose of the work program was to locate conductive and magnetic rocks on the Cartier daims 3011969, 3011970, 3011971.

The total expenditures for the spring 2007 Aero TEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic Survey and summer Geological Mapping Program were $39,968.

CARTIER ASSESSMENT REPORT - December 2007 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................... 2

INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 5

PROPERTY LOCATION AND ACCESS .................................................................................................. 5

PROPERTY STATUS .................................................................................................................................. 6

PHYSIOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE ........................................................................................................... 7

PREVIOUS WORK ...................................................................................................................................... 7

GEOLOGICAL SETTING ........................................................................................................................... 7

2007 AEROTEM ELECTROMAGNETIC AND MAGNETIC GEOPHYSICAL PROGRAM ........... 8

2007 RECONNAISANCE GEOLOGICAL MAPPING PROGRAM ...................................................... 9

FIELD PROGRAM ....•... , ............................................................................ , ................................................... 9 GEOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................. 10

Lithology ............................................................ ...................................................................... ............. 10 il4ineralization ................................................... .................................................................... ............... 10 Structure ..................................................................................................................................... ......... 10

PERSONNEL AND CONTRACTORS ..................................................................................................... 11

EXPENDITURES ........................................................................................................................................ 12

CONCLUSiONS .......................................................................................................................................... 13

RECOMM ENDATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 13

BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................................... 14

STATEMENT OF QUALIFiCATIONS .................................................................................................... 15

C.\RTlFR .\SSFSSl\lLNI REPORT D,-'cl..'mb~r 2007 3

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Cartier Property - Regional Location ................................................................. 5

Figure 2: Cartier Property Location ................................................................................. 6

Figure 3: Cartier Property Topographic map showing the 2007 mapping area with outcrop stations ............................................................................................................ 9

LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Cartier Property Status .......................................................................................... 6

Table 2: Cartier Project Personnel .................................................................................... 11

Table 3: Cartier Project Contractors ................................................................................. 11

Table 4: Cartier Project Expenditures ............................................................................... 12

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix I: Report on a Helicopter-Borne AeroTEM System Electromagnetic & Magnetic Survey

Appendix II: Field Stations

LIST OF MAPS

Map I: AeroTEM Off-Time Profiles .................................................. Back Pocket

Map 2: AeroTEM ZI Off-Time ...... , ................................................ Back Pocket

Map 3: AeroTEM Total Magnetic Intensity ......................................... Back Pocket

Map 4: AeroTEM Flight Path .......................................................... Back Pocket

Map 5: Outcrop Stations ................................................................ Back Pocket

Map 6: Geological Map ................................................................ Back Pocket

C\R tiER :\SSESS~H.~1 REPORT· Dcc:mhcr 2()07 4

INTRODUCTION

A helicopter-borne AeroTEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic Survey was conducted by Aeroquest International on behalf of FNX Mining Company Inc. on April 26th

, 2007. The work program targeted Cu-Ni-PGE mineralization in the North Range footwall rocks to the Sudbury Igneous Complex C'SIC"). The purpose of the work program was to locate conductive and magnetic rocks on the Cartier claims 3011969, 3011970, 3011971.

PROPERTY LOCATION AND ACCESS

The Cartier Property is located along the east side of the Cartier Township, NTS 411111, approximately 50 kilometers northwest of Sudbury (Flgure 1).

A few new logging roads, which are accessible via highway 144, were identified in the northeast comer of claim 30 11971 . No road access was available for claims 3011969 and 3011970.

Figure 1: Cartier Property - Regional Location

Cartier Property

/ •

CARTIER ASSESSMENT REPORT - December 2007

., """""'"

5

PROPERTY STATUS

The Cartier Property, comprised of three claims (Table 1; Figure 2), were recorded in the name of Aurora Platinum Corp. ("Aurora") in January, 2004. In July 2005, Aurora was acquired by FNX Mining Company Inc. ("FNX") and all work programs were overseen by FNX. In 2006 and 2007, the Cartier Property was operated 100% by FNX.

Table 1: Cartier Property Status

Claim Number

3011969

3011970

3011971

Units

15

15

15

Recording Date Claim Due Date

Jan-12-2004 Jan-12-2008

Jan-12-2004 Jan-12-2008

Jan-I 2-2004 Jan-12-2008

Figure 2: Cartier Property - Location


PHYSIOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE

Bedrock exposure on the claims is very good with the majority of the outcrops occurring along ridges, shorelines, and other topographic highs. The outcrops are generally covered by black and green lichen. Between the outcrops, the overburden generally consists of large boulders. The vegetation is large pine trees surrounded by smaller poplar and minor shrubs.

PREVIOUS WORK In November 2005, Aurora completed a reconnaissance geological mapping and prospecting program (Rarnnath, 2005). A total of 20 traverses were completed by two teams of two geologists over four days of field work. A total of 436 outcrops were located and identified with 57 samples collected for assay and 11 samples collected for thin section. The program was completed with helicopter support as there were no roads into claims 3011969 and 3011970.

In December, 2006, a UTEM surface survey was conducted by Lamontagne Geophysics Ltd. on behalf of FNX Mining Company Inc. on the Cartier Property (Ramnath, 2006). The survey was carried out on claim 3011971 to locate conductors in the immediate grid area with the intention of outlining possible targets for a future exploration program.

GEOLOGICAL SETTING

The Sudbury area is located in the southern part of the Canadian Shield with dominantly Archean units to the north and Proterozoic units to the west, east and south. The Sudbury Basin is located between the Achaean and Proterozoic rocks and has a U-Pb zircon age of 1 ,850± 1 Ma (Krogh et aI, 1984).

The older footwall basement Archean rocks to the north of the Sudbury Basin are known as the Levack Complex. The Levack Complex is comprised predominantly of felsic plutons and gneisses, with lesser amounts of greenstone (Card et al., 1984). Late Archean tectonometamorphism deformed the Levack Gneiss Complex and produced the associated anatectic granitoid rocks, including the Cartier Batholith (Dressler, 1984). The area was subsequently intruded by the northwest trending Matachewan dykes.

The Sudbury Basin is bounded to the south by Huronian Proterozoic sedimentation and volcanism. The sediments were derived from the Archean superior Province to the north. All of the rocks were intruded by the extensive Nipissing Diabase Sill-Dyke system

The Cartier Property is located in the footwall rocks of the North Range, about 4 kilometers to the northwest of the SIC contact. The property is comprised predominantly of the Cartier Granitic Batholith and the Levack Footwall Gneiss as regionally mapped by the OGS (Regional Map 2491). Based on the air photos and Landsat imagery, three main faults trend across the property in a northeasterly direction (Butler, 1994).

L\RI It:R .\SSESSVIENT RLPOR I December 2007 7

2007 AeroTEM ELECTROMAGNETIC AND MAGNETIC GEOPHYSICAL PROGRAM

A helicopter-borne AeroTEM Electromagnetic (EM) and Magnetic Survey was conducted by Aeroquest International on behalf of FNX Mining Company Inc. on April 26th

, 2007. The work program targeted Cu-Ni-PGE mineralization in the North Range footwall rocks to the Sudbury Igneous Complex ("SIC"). The objective of the work program was to locate conductive and magnetic rocks on the Cartier claims 3011969, 3011970,3011971 that may represent Cu-Ni ± PGE mineralization

The principal geophysical sensor used in the AeroTEM EM and Magnetic Survey was Aeroquesfs exclusive AeroTEM II (Echo model) time domain helicopter electromagnetic system which is employed in conjunction with a high-sensitivity caesium vapour magnetometer. The total survey coverage was 166.3 line-km flown of which 156.8 km fell within the block boundaries. The survey was flown at 50 meter line spacing in a north-south flight direction.

Appendix I contains the full AeroTEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic Survey Report and Interpretation that summarizes all relevant information including logistics, survey parameters, profiles, field work, and results. The AeroTEM Off-Time Profiles, Zl OffTime, Total Magnetic Intensity, and Flight Path Maps can be found in the back pocket of this report as Maps 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.

CAR ncR ASSESSMEN r REPORT Ikccmbcr :2007 8

2007 RECONNAISANCE GEOLOGICAL MAPPING PROGRAM

Field Program

A geological mapping and prospecting program was completed between July 29th and August 3rd

, 2007. The objective of the program was to follow up and ground truth several airborne EM and magnetic anomalies identified in the AeroTEM 2007 Survey. Several traverses were completed by a project geologist and geological student over two days of field work. A total of 295 outcrops were located and identified (Figure 3; Map 5; Appendix II). The program was completed via road support as there are multiple logging roads leading onto claim 3011971.

Figure 3: Cartier Property - Topographic map showing the 2007 mapping area with outcrop stations.

48AOOO 46450G 4&5000 ... 000

iXl I x Outcrop '

Stations

I r~~ i I .

I I 3011971

I

~~~

~ r------Jt-------- --------<i'-----------+--=--3--"..-H=--.---I • I

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I, ~~~~~~~-~==~--~=+~-~~~--4i

t~- . 250_ 5OO====1.0="o~,=m=:=:e:::t=Ur::TM=N=a=d8=:;3",,~zon=e1~7~~= l ",!I'


Geology

Lithology

The project area is underlain by two main lithological units, granites of the Cartier Granitic Batholith and granitic to granodioritic gneiss of the Levack Gneiss Complex which are both crosscut by the younger Nipissing Diabase dyke swarm (Map 6). Mineralization may occur along the walls of these younger mafic dikes and were the target of the 2007 follow-up geological mapping program.

The underlying gneissic rocks of the Levack Gneiss Complex are composed predominately of granite, granodiorite and mafic gneiss with minor metagabbroic intervals. The granite gneiss is typically medium to coarse grained, weakly to moderately foliated, pink to light grey, with trace to no sulphide. The granodiorite gneiss is typically fine to medium grained, moderately to strongly foliated, medium pinkish grey to dark grey, and locally weakly pyrite mineralized. The mafic gneiss is usually fine grained, strongly foliated, dark grey to greenish black and locally weakly sulphide mineralized. Bodies of metagabbro occur in the Levack Gneiss Complex and can be described as medium grained, massive, dark greenish black, and are often weakly mineralized with pyrite or pyrrhotite. Phenocrysts up to several centimeters in diameter are locally abundant in the metagabbroic rocks.

The Cartier Batholith occurs as a massive, medium to coarse grained, salmon pink to cream, unmineralized granite. Within the granite are cm- to m-scale, moderately to strongly foliated, subrounded to subangular, fragments of granodiorite, mafic and granite gneiss most likely derived from the Levack Gneissic Complex.

The dykes of the Nipissing Diabase dyke swarm identified in the mapping area are typically highly altered porphyritic metagabbroic rocks composed of 60% Ca-plagioclase, 40% amphibole, 10% pyroxene, 10% biotite, 5% magnetite, 3% carbonate and 5% quartz. The dykes are oriented north-northwest with an azimuth of about 1300 and crosscut both the Cartier Batholith and Levack Gneiss Complex.

Mineralization

Sulphides include trace to 1%, disseminated pyrite in granite (CT-07-63 and CT-07-240) and up to 2%, disseminated pyrite in metagabbro (CT-07-45; Appendix II). No samples were sent for assay.

Structure

The granite is locally foliated and typically displays a pegmatoidal texture interpreted to be the result of leucosome partial melting. Xenoliths, derived from the Levack Gneiss Complex and Matachewan Diabase dyke swarm, range from meter to centimeter in diameter angular fragments within the batholith. A minor chill margin, varying from 1-3 mm was observed on the gneissic xenoliths. Quartz veins and pegmatites ranging from 10-30 em thick cross-cut the batholith at random orientations. Although the foliation and banding in the Levack Gneiss Complex is variable, the dominant orientation of the foliation in the area was between 060° and 090°.

C.\RTI LR .\SSl:SS\lEN I REPOR I December 20()7 10

PERSONNEL AND CONTRACTORS

All work was supervised and implemented by FNX Mining Company Inc., 1300 Kety Lake Road, Sudbury Ontario, P3E 5P4 (Table 2 and 3).

Table 2: Cartier Project Personnel

Name

Shastri Ramnath

Sydney Ramnath

Natalie Bourcier

Position

Area Geologist

Student Geologist

CAD Technician

Location

1300 Kelly Lake Rd, Sudbury, Ont., P3E 5P4



Table 3: Cartier Project Contractors

Name Location

Aeroquest international 7687 Bath Road, Mississauga, Ont., L4T 3T I


EXPENDITURES

Table 4: Cartier Project Expenditures

ALL CLAIMS: 3011969 3011970 3011971 CLAIMS

Airborne Geophysical Survey

Planning Geophysical Survey $564 $564 $564 $1,692

AeroTEM EM & Magnetic Survey (Mob/Demobilization, $11,667 $11,666 $11,667 $35,000 Transportation, Survey)

Report Writing Expenses $417 $417 $416 $1,250 ($500/day)

Subtotal: $12,648 $12,647 $12,647 $37,942

Geological Mapping Field Expenses

Geological Mapping Salaries $0 $0 $1,484 $1,484

Fuel for Field Truck $0 $0 $68 $68

Field Supplies (pickets, $0 $0 $224 $224 flagging tape, paint pens, etc.)

Report Writing Expenses $0 $0 $250 $250 ($500/day)

Subtotal: $0 $0 $2,026 $2,026

Total Expenditures $12,648 $12,647 $14,673 $39,968

Program Expenditures Summary: Airborne Geophysical Survey $37,942 Geolo~ical MaEEin~ $2,026 TOTAL $39,968

(. 'AR! LR. \SSLSSiVIE;\ r REPORT lkccmbel' ~007 12

CONCLUSIONS

The following conclusions are based on the spring 2007 Airborne AeroTEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic Survey and follow-up Geological Mapping conducted on the Cartier Property, Ontario:

1) The Aero TEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic Survey yielded several weak to moderate conductors coincident with a series of magnetic anomalies;

2) Ground-trothing of the EM conductors indicate the anomalies are coincident with northwest-southeast trending diabase dykes, likely of the Nipissing Diabase dyke swarm;

3) Although trace disseminated pyrite was identified In the area, the electromagnetic anomalies remained unexplained; and,

4) The strongest magnetic anomalies are likely due to magnetite in granite and not the result of the diabase dykes as originally thought.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The following recommendations are based on the spring 2007 Airborne AeroTEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic Survey and follow-up Geological Mapping conducted on the Cartier Property, Ontario:

1) Test the electromagnetic conductors with two short diamond drillholes.

CARIIER ,\SSESS;'v\EN [REPORT December 2007 13

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Butler, H.R., 1994, Lineament analysis of the Sudbury multiring impact structure, in Dressler, B.O., Grieve, R.A.F., and Sharpton, F.L., eds., Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America Special Paper 293.

Card, K.D., Gupta, V.K., McGrath, P.H., and Grant, F.s., 1984, Chapter 2, The Sudbury Structure: Its Regional Geological and Geophysical Setting; p.25-43 in The Geology and Ore Deposits of the Sudbury Structure, edited by E.G. Pye, A.J. Naldrett, and P. Giblin, Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 1, 603 p. Accompanied by Map 2491, at a scale of 1:50 000, Map NL-16/17-AM Sudbury, at a scale of 1: 1 000000, and 3 charts.

Dressler, RO., 1984, Chapter 4, General Geology of the Sudbury Area; p.57-82 in The Geology and Ore Deposits of the Sudbury Structure, edited by E.G. Pye, A.J. Naldrett, and P. Giblin, Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 1, 603 p. Accompanied by Map 2491, at a scale of 1:50 000, Map NL-16117-AM Sudbury, at a scale of 1: 1 000 000, and 3 charts.

Krogh, T.E., Davis, D.W., and Corfu, F., 1984, Chapter 20, Precise U-Pb Zircon and Baddeleyite Ages for the Sudbury Area; p.431-446 in The Geology and Ore Deposits of the Sudbury Structure, edited by E.G. Pye, AJ. Naldrett, and P. E. Giblin, Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 1, 603 p. Accompanied by Map 2491, at a scale of 1:50 000, Map NL-16/17-AM Sudbury, at a scale of I: 1 000 000, and 3 charts.

Ramnath, S.R., 2005, Assessment Report Based on the 2005 Reconnaissance Geological Mapping & Prospecting Program for Aurora Platinum Corp., Cartier Property, Cartier Township, Ontario, NTS Map Sheet 41 IIIl, 23 p.

Rarnnath, S.R., 2006, Assessment Report Based on the 2006 Surface UTEM Geophysical Survey for FNX Mining Company Inc., Cartier Property, Cartier Township, Ontario, NTS Map Sheet 41 Jill, 14 p.

C\RTlER ;\SSESSl\IEN r REPORT D~..:ember ~()07

14

STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS

I, Shastri M. Ramnath, of the Greater City of Sudbury, Province of Ontario, do hereby certify that:

1) I am an Area Geologist, residing at 208 MacKenzie Ave, Sudbury, Ontario, P3C 4Y3, employee of FNX Mining Company Inc., 1300 Kelly Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 5P4;

2) I graduated from the University of Manitoba, Manitoba (Bachelor of Science Honours) in 1999 and from Rhodes University, South Africa (MSc. Exploration Geology) in 2001 and have been practicing in my profession as an Exploration Geologist continuously since;

3) I am a Professional Member of the Association of Professional Geoscientists of Ontario (APGO); and

4) I have no personal interest in the property covered by this report.

Shastri M. Rarnnr MSc., PGeo. (#1174)

Dated in srr' Ontario this 9th

day of December, 2007

{'"\R I U:R ;\SSESSf\ILi\ I REP( >R I lk'';cl11hcf 20()7 15

APPENDIX I: Report on a Helicopter-Borne AeroTEM System Electromagnetic & Magnetic Survey - Cartier Property

The Report on a Helicopter-Borne AeroTEM System Electromagnetic

& Magnetic Survey

Aeroquest Job # 07089

Cartier Block Sudbury, Ontario

NTS 041Ill

For

by

7687 Bath Road Mississauga, ON, L4T 3T1 Tel: (905) 672-9129 Fax: (905) 672-7083 www.aeroguest.ca

Report date: June, 2007

Report on a Helicopter-Borne Aero TEM System Electromagnetic

& Magnetic Survey

Aeroquest Job # 07089

Cartier Block Sudbury, Ontario

NTS 041111

For

FNX Mining Company Inc. 1300 Kelly Lake Road

Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 5P4, Canada. Phone: (705) 671 ~ 1779

by

7687 Bath Road Mississauga, ON, l4T 3T1 Tel: (90S) 672~9129 Fax: (905) 672-7083 www.aeroguest.ca

Report date: June, 2007

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCT[ON ......................................................................................................................... 3

2. SURVEY AREA ........................................................................................................................... 3

3. SURVEY SPECIFICATIONS AND PROCEDURES .................................................................... 4

3.1. Navigation ............................................................................................................................. 5 3.2. System Drift ........................................................................................................................... 5 3.3. Field QAlQC Procedures ........................................................................................................ 5

4. AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT .................................................................................................. 5

4.1. Aircraft .................................................................................................................................. 5 4.2. Magnetometer ........................................................................................................................ 6 4.3. Electromagnetic System ......................................................................................................... 6 4.4. AeroDAS Acquisition System ................................................................................................ 7 4.5. RMS DGR-33 Acquisition System ......................................................................................... 8 4.6. Magnetometer Base Station .................................................................................................... 9 4.7. Radar Altimeter .................................................................................................................... 10 4.8. Video Tracking and Recording System ................................................................................. 10 4.9. GPS Navigation System ....................................................................................................... 10 4.10. Digital Acquisition System .............. "' ................................................................................. I 1

5. PERSONNEL ............................................................................................................................. I t

6. DELIVERABLES ....................................................................................................................... 1 j

6.1. Digital Deliverables .............................................................................................................. 11 6.1.1. Final Database of Survey Data (ODB, .XYZ} ................................................................ ll 6.1.2. Geosoft Gridjiles (GRD). ............................................................................................. 12 6.1.3. Digital Versions of Final Maps ("'lAP, . PDF) ............................................................... 12 6.1.4. Free Viewing Software .................................................................................................. 12 6.1.5. Digital Copy of this Document (.PDF} ........................................................................... 12

7. DATA PROCESSING AND PRESENTATION .......................................................................... 12

7. t. Base Map ............................................................................................................................. 12 7.2. Flight Path & Terrain Clearance ........................................................................................... 12 7.3. Electromagnetic Data ........................................................................................................... 13 7.4. Magnetic Data ...................................................................................................................... 13

8. General Comments ...................................................................................................................... 14

8.1. Magnetic Response .............................................................................................................. 14 8.2. EM Anomalies ..................................................................................................................... 14

APPENDIX t: Survey Boundaries .................................................................................................. 17

APPENDIX 2: Description of Database Fields ................................................................................ 18

APPENDIX 4: Description of EM anomalies .................................................................................. 19

APPENDIX 5: AeroTEM Design Considerations ............................................................................ 20

APPENDIX 6: AeroTEM Instrumentation Specification Sheet ........................................................ 26

Aeroquest Limited - Report on a Helicopter-Borne AeroTEM II Electromagnetic & Magnetic Systems Survey

List of Figures

Figure 1. Project Area ....................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 2. Helicopter registration number C-FDEV ............................................................................. 6 Figure 3. The magnetometer bird (A) and AeroTEM Il EM bird (B) .................................................. 7 Figure 4. Schematic of Transmitter and Receiver waveforms ............................................................. 7 Figure 5. AeroTEM II Instrument Rack ............................................................................................. 9 Figure 6. Digital video camera typical mounting location ................................................................ 10 Figure 7. AeroTEM response to a 'thin' vertical conductor .............................................................. 15 Figure 8. AeroTEM response for a 'thick' vertical conductor ........................................................... 15 Figure 9. AeroTEM response over a 'thin' dipping conductor .......................................................... 16

List of Maps

• TMI- Coloured Total Magnetic Intensity (TMl) with line contours and EM anomaly symbols • ZOFFI - AeroTEM ZI Off-time shaded colour with EM anomaly symbols

• EM - AeroTEM off-time profiles Z t - Z 1 0 and EM anomaly symbols


2

1. INTRODUCTION This report describes a helicopter-borne geophysical survey carried out on behalf of FNX Mining Company Inc. for their Cartier project near Sudbury, Ontario.

The principal geophysical sensor is Aeroquest's exclusive AeroTEM n (Echo model) time domain helicopter electromagnetic system which is employed in conjunction with a highsensitivity caesium vapour magnetometer. Ancillary equipment includes a real-time differential GPS navigation system, radar altimeter, video recorder, and a base station magnetometer. Full-waveform streaming EM data is recorded at 38,400 samples per second. The streaming data comprise the transmitted waveform, and the X component and Z component of the resultant field at the receivers. A secondary acquisition system (RMS) records the ancillary data.

The total survey coverage was 166.3 line-kill flown of which 156.8 km fell within the block boundaries as outlined in Appendix 1. The survey was flown at 50 metre line spacing in a north-south flight direction. The survey flying described in this report took place on April 26th

, 2007. This report describes the survey logistics, the data processing, presentation, and provides the specifications of the survey.

2. SURVEY AREA

The Project area (Figure 1) is located in Northern Ontario approximately 40km northwest of Sudbury and 5km west of Levack It is made up of a single block with an area of just over 7km2• Survey terrain was generally low lying with lakes and rivers. Project accessibility was good; Road 144 between Subury and Timmins runs just to the south and the west of the block.

The project flight path covers 3 mining claims (Figure 1) held by Aurora Platinum Corp.

The field crew and base of operations were at Sudbury.


3

""'I'm

- , .

J Figure I . Project Area

3. SURVEY SPECIFICA nONS AND PROCEDURES

The survey specifications are summarised in the following table:

Line Line

Survey Project Name Spacing

Direction Coverage Dates flown

(metres) (Iine-km)

Cartier 50 N-S (00) 166.3 April 26, 2007

Table I. Survey specifications summary

The survey coverage was calculated by adding up the along-line distance of the survey lines and control (tie) lines as presented in the final Geosoft database. The survey was flown with a line spacing of 50 metres. The control (tie) lines were flown perpendicular to the survey lines with a spacing of 500 metres .

The nominal EM bird terrain clearance is 30 metres, but can be higher in more rugged terrain due to safety considerations and the capabilities of the aircraft . The magnetometer sensor is mounted in a smaller bird connected to the tow rope 17 metres above the EM bird and 21 metres below the helicopter (Figure 4). Nominal survey :speed over relatively flat terrain is 75 kmlhr and is generally lower in rougher terrain. Scan rates for ancillary data acquisition is O. I


4

second for the magnetometer and altimeter, and 0.2 second for the GPS determined position. The EM data is acquired as a data stream at a sampling rate of 38,400 samples per second and is processed to generate final data at 10 samples per second. The 10 samples per second translate to a geophysical reading about every 1.5 to 2.5 metres along the flight path.

3.1. NAVIGATION

Navigation is carried out using a GPS receiver, an AGNA V2 system for navigation control, and an RMS DGR-33 data acquisition system which records the GPS coordinates. The x-y-z position of the aircraft, as reported by the GPS, is recorded at 0.2 second intervals. The system has a published accuracy of under 3 metres. A recent static ground test of the MidTech W AAS GPS yielded a standard deviation in x and y of under 0.6 metres and for z under 1.5 metres over a two-hour period.

3.2. SYSTEM DRIFT

Unlike frequency domain electromagnetic systems, the AeroTEM II system has negligible drift due to thermal expansion. The operator is responsible for ensuring the instrument is properly warmed up prior to departure and that the instruments are operated properly throughout the flight. The operator maintains a detailed flight log during the survey noting the times of the flight and any unusual geophysical or topographic features. Each flight included at least two high elevation 'background' checks. During the high elevation checks, an internal 5 second wide calibration pulse in all EM channels was generated in order to ensure that the gain of the system remained constant and within specifications.

3.3. FIELD QAlQC PROCEDURES

On return of the pilot and operator to the base, usually after each flight, the AeroDAS streaming EM data and the RMS data are carried on removable hard drives and FlashCards, respectively and transferred to the data processing work station. At the end of each day, the base station magnetometer data on FlashCard is retrieved from the base station unit.

Data verification and quality control includes a comparison of the acquired GPS data with the flight plan; verification and conversion of the RMS data to an ASCII format XYZ data file; verification of the base station magnetometer data and conversion to ASCII format XYZ data; and loading, processing and conversion of the steaming EM data from the removable hard drive. All data is then merged to an ASCII XYZ format file which is then imported to an Oasis database for further QNQC and for the production of preliminary EM, magnetic contour, and flight path maps.

Survey lines which show excessive deviation from the intended flight path are re-flown. Any line or portion of a line on which the data quality did not meet the contract specification was noted and reflown.

4. AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT

4.1. AIRCRAFT

A Eurocopter (Aerospatiale) AS350B2+ "A-Star" helicopter - registration C-FDEV was used as survey platform. The helicopter was owned and operated by Wendake Helicoptere Inc., Quebec City, Quebec. Installation of the geophysical and ancillary equipment was carried out by Aeroquest Limited in Val D'Or, Quebec. The survey aircraft was flown at a nominal terrain clearance of220 ft (65 metres).


5

Figure 2. Helicopter registration number C-FDEV

4.2. MAGNETOMETER

Tl1e Aeroquest airborne survey system employs the Geometries G-823A caesium vapour magnetometer sensor installed in a two metre towed bird airfoil attached to the main tow line, 17 metres below the helicopter (Figure 4). The sensitivity of the magnetometer is 0.00 I nanoTesla at a 0.1 second sampling rate. T he nominal ground clearance of the magnetometer bird is 51 metres (170 ft.). The magnetic data is recorded at 10Hz by the RMS DGR-33.

4.3. ELECTROMAGNETIC SYSTEM

The electromagnetic system is an Aeroquest AeroTEM II time domain towed-bird system (Figure 4). The current AeroTEM rr transmitter dipole moment is 38 .8 kNlA. The AeroTEM bird is towed 38 metres (125 ft) below the helicopter. More technical details of the system may be found in Appendixes 5 and 6.

The wave-form is triangular with a symmetric transmitter on-time pulse of 1.10 ms and a base frequency of 150 Hz (Figure 5). The current alternates polarity every on-time pulse. During every Tx on-off cycle (300 per second), 128 contiguous channels of raw X and Z component (and a transmitter current monitor, itx) of the received waveform are measured. Each channel width is 26.04 microseconds starting at the beginning of the transmitter pulse. This 128 channel data is referred to as the raw streaming data. The AeroTEM system has two separate EM data recording streams, the conventional RMS DGR-33 and the AeroDAS system which records the full waveform.


6

Figure 3. The magnetometer bird (A) and AeroTEM 1I EM bird (B)

16 On-time Channel!!

Current Waveform ...-

17 Off-time Channels

o . ....... .. T lWlllillllllJlJltjWWllllll.,.L= :r:::::;:=:b=-.,.. _ _ ...l.. __ _ 0.5 2'

-I

/' ,/ '\. '\. High Conductance Response

Low Conductance Rc pon. c

Figure 4. Schematic of Transmitter and Receiver waveforms

4.4. AERODAS ACQUISITION SYSTEM

2.5 3 Time (ms)

150Hz

The 128 channels of raw streaming data are recorded by the AeroDAS acquisition system (Figure 5. AeroTEM II Instrument Rack) onto a removable hard drive. The streaming data are processed post-survey to yield 33 stacked and binned on-time and off-time channels at a 10 Hz sample rate. The timing of the final processed EM channels is described in the following table:

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Average TxOn -17 .1694 us

Average TxSwitch 574.8836 us

Average TxOff 1123.5885 us

Average TxPeak 127,9686 A

Channel Sample Range Time Width (us) Time Center (us) Time After TxOn (us)

On1 3 - 3 27.778 69.444 77.277

On2 4 - 4 27,778 97.222 105.055

On3 5 - 5 27.778 125.000 132.833

On4 6 6 27.778 152.778 160.611

OnS 7 7 27.778 180.556 188.388

On6 8 8 27.778 208.333 216,166

On7 9 - 9 27.773 236.111 243.944

On8 10 - 10 27.778 263.889 271.722

On9 11 - II 27.7713 291.667 :299.499

OnlO 12 12 27.7713 319.444 327.277

Onll 13 13 27.778 347.222 355.055

On12 14 - 14 27 .77B 375.000 382.833

OnD 15 - 15 27.778 402.778 410.611

On14 16 - 16 27.778 430.556 438.388

On15 17 - 17 27.778 458.333 466.166

On16 18 18 27.778 486.111 ~93.944

Channel Sample Range Time Width (us) Time Center (us) Time After TxOff (us)

Off 0 44 - 44 27.778 1208.333 76.082

Offl 45 - 45 27.778 1236.111 103.860

Off2 46 - 46 27.778 1263.889 131. 638

Off3 47 - 47 27.778 1291.667 159.416

Off4 48 - 48 27.778 1319.444 187.193

Oft5 49 49 27.778 1347.222 214.971

Off6 50 51 55.556 1388.889 256.638

Off? 52 - 53 55.556 1444.444 312.193

OftS 54 - 55 55.556 1500.000 367.749

Off9 56 - 57 55.556 1555.556 423.305

GfflO 58 - 60 83.333 1625.000 492 749

Oftll 61 63 83.333 1708.333 57 6.082

Off12 64 67 111. 111 1805.556 673.305

Offl3 68 72 138.889 1930.556 798.305

Offl4 73 - 80 222.222 2111.111 978.860

OfflS 81 - 93 361. ::'11 2402.778 1270.527

Off16 94 - 113 555.556 2861. 111 1728.860

4.5. RMS DGR-33 ACQtrlSlTlON SYSTEM

In addition to the magnetics, altimeter and position data, six channels of real time processed off-time EM decay in the 2 direction and one in the X direction are recorded by the RMS DGR-33 acquisition system at 10 samples per second and plotted real-time on the analogue chart recorder. These channels are derived by a binning, stacking and filtering procedure on the raw streaming data. The primary use of the RMS EM data (ZI to 26, Xl) is to provide for real-time QNQC on board the aircraft.


8

The channel window timing of the RMS DGR-33 6 channel system is described in the table below.

RMS Channel Start time End time Width Streaming

(Jls) (JlS) (JlS) Channels Zl, Xl 1269.8 1322.8 52.9 48-50

Z2 1322.8 1455.0 132.2 50-54

Z3 1428.6 1587.3 158.7 54-59

Z4 1587.3 1746.0 158.7 60-65

Z5 1746.0 2063.5 317.5 66-77

Z6 2063.5 2698.4 634.9 78-101

Figure 5. AeroTEM II Instrument Rack

4.6. MAGNETOMETER BASE ST;\ TION

The base magnetometer was a GEM Systems GSM- J 9 overhauser magnetometer with a built in GPS receiver and external GPS antenna. Data logging and UTe time synchronisation was carried out within the magnetometer, with the GPS providing the timing signal. The data logging was configured to measure at 1.0 second intervals. Digital recording resolution was 0.00 I nT. The sensor was placed on a tripod in an area of low magnetic gradient and free of cultural noise sources. A continuously updated display of the base station values was

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available for viewing and regularly monitored to ensure acceptable data quality and diurnal variation.

4.7. R\DAR ALTIMETER

A Terra TRA 3500rrRI-30 radar altimeter is used to record terrain clearance. The antenna was mounted on the outside of the helicopter beneath the cockpit. Therefore, the recorded data reflect the height of the helicopter above the ground. The Terra altimeter has an altitude accuracy of +/- 1.5 metres.

4.8. VIDEO TRACKING AND RECORDING SYSTEM

A high resolution digital colour 8 mm video camera is used to record the helicopter ground flight path along the survey lines. The video is digitally annotated with GPS position and time and can be used to verify ground positioning information and cultural causes of anomalous geophysical responses.

4.9. GPS NAVIGATION SYSTEM

The navigation system consists of an Ag-Nav Incorporated AG-NA V2 GPS navigation system comprising a PC-based acquisition system, navigation software, a deviation indicator in front of the aircraft pilot to direct the flight, a full sl~reen display with controls in front of the operator, a Mid-Tech RX400p WAAS-enabled GPS receiver mounted on the instrument rack and an antenna mounted on the magnetometer bird. W AAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) consists of approximately 25 ground reference stations positioned across the United States that monitor GPS satellite data. Two master stations located on the east and west coasts collect data from the reference stations and create a GPS correction message. This correction accounts for GPS satellite orbit and clock drift plus signal delays caused by the atmosphere and ionosphere. The corrected differential message is then broadcast through one of two geostationary satellites, or satellites with a fixed position over the equator. The corrected position has a published accuracy of less than 3 metres.

Survey co-ordinates are set up prior to the survey and the information is fed into the airborne navigation system. The co-ordinate system employed in the survey design was WGS84 [World] using the UTM zone 17N projection. The real-time differentially corrected GPS positional data was recorded by the RMS DGR-33 in geodetic coordinates (latitude and longitude using WGS84) at 0.2 s intervals.


10

4.10. DIGITAL ACQUSITION SYSTEM

The AeroTEM received waveform sampled during on and off-time at 128 channels per decay, 300 times per second, was logged by the proprietary AeroDAS data acquisition system. The channel sampling commences at the start of the Tx cycle and the width of each channel is 26.04 microseconds. The streaming data was recorded on a removable hard-drive and was later backed-up onto DVD-ROM from the field-processing computer.

The RMS Instruments DGR33A data acquisition system was used to collect and record the analogue data stream, i.e. the positional and secondary geophysical data, including processed 6 channel EM, magnetics, radar altimeter, GPS position, and time. The data was recorded on 128Mb capacity FlashCard. The RMS output was also directed to a thermal chart recorder.

5. PERSONNEL The following Aeroquest personnel were involved in the project:

• Manager of Operations: Bert Simon • Manager of Data Processing: Jonathan Rudd

• Field Data Processor: Eric Steffler • Field Operator: Mike Blondin, Roberto Tho • Data Interpretation and Reporting: Matt Pozza, Marion Bishop, Eric Steffler

The survey pilots, Steeve Gros-Louis was employed directly by the helicopter operator -Wendake Helicoptere Inc.

6. DELIVERABLES

The report includes a 1: I 0000 map. The survey area is covered a single map plate and the products are listed below.

• TMI Coloured Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) with line contours and EM anomaly symbols • ZOFF 1 AeroTEM Z 1 Off-time shaded colour with EM anomaly symbols • EM - AeroTEM off-time profiles ZO - Z 10 and EM anomaly symbols

The coordinate/projection system for the maps is NAD83 - UTM zone 17N. For reference, the latitude and longitude in WGS84 are also noted on the maps.

All the maps show flight path trace, skeletal topography, and conductor picks represented by an anomaly symbol classified according to calculated on-time conductance. The anomaly symbol is accompanied by postings denoting the calculated off-time conductance, a thick or thin classification and an anomaly identifier label. The anomaly symbol legend is given in the margin of the maps. The magnetic field data is presented as superimposed line contours with a minimum contour interval of JO nT. Bold contour lines are separated by lOOO nT.

6.1. DIGITAL DELIVERABLES

6.1.1. Final Database of Survey Data (.GDB, .XYZ)

The geophysical profile data is archived digitally in a Geosoft GDB binary format database. A description of the contents of the individual channels in the database can be found in Appendix 3. A copy of this digital data is archived at the Aeroquest head office in Mississauga.

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6.1.2. Geosoft Grid files (.GRD)

Levelled Grid products used to generate the geophysical map images. Cell size for all grid files is 20 meters. Each area has its own grid.

• Total Magnetic Intensity - (MAGF) • AeroTEM Zoff 1 - (ZOFF I)

6.1.3. Digital Versions of Final Maps (.MAP, .PDF) Map files in Geosoft .map and Adobe PDF format.

6.1.4. Free Viewing Software

• Geosoft Oasis Montaj Viewing Software with tutorial

• Adobe Acrobat Reader • Google Earth viewer

6.1.5. Digital Copy of this Document (.PDF)

7. DATA PROCESSING AND PRESENTATION

All in-field and post-field data processing was carried out using Aeroquest proprietary data processing software and Geosoft Oasis Montaj software. Maps were generated using 36-inch wide Hewlett Packard ink-jet plotters.

7.1. BASE MAP

The geophysical maps accompanying this report are based on positioning in the NAD83 datum. The survey geodetic GPS positions have been projected using the Universal Transverse Mercator projection in Zone 17 north. A summary of the map datum and projection specifications is given following:

• Ellipse: GRS 1980 • Ellipse major axis: 6378137m, eccentricity: 0.081819191 • Datum: North American 1983 - Canada Mean

• Datum Shifts (x,y,z) : 0, 0, 0 metres • Map Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 17 (Central Meridian 81°W)

• Central Scale Factor: 0.9996 • False Easting, Northing: 500,OOOm, Om

For reference, the latitude and longitude in WGS84 are also noted on the maps. The background vector topography was from Natural Resources Canada 1:50000 NTOB data and the background shading was derived fi'om NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 90 metres resolution OEM data.

7.2. FLIGHT PATH & TERRAIN CLEARANCE

The position of the survey helicopter was directed by use of the Global Positioning System (GPS). Positions were updated five times per second (5 Hz) and expressed as WGS84 latitude and longitude calculated from the raw pseudo range derived from the C/ A code signal. The instantaneous GPS flight path, after conversion to UTM co-ordinates, is drawn using linear interpolation between the xJy positions. The terrain clearance was maintained with reference

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to the radar altimeter. The raw Digital Terrain Model (DTM) was derived by taking the GPS survey elevation and subtracting the radar altimeter terrain clearance values. The calculated topography elevation values are relative and are not tied in to surveyed geodetic heights.

Each flight included at least two high elevation 'background' checks. During the high elevation checks, an internal 5 second wide calibration pulse in all EM channels was generated in order to ensure that the gain of the system remained constant and within specifications.

7.3. ELECTROMAGNE11C DATA

The raw streaming data, sampled at a rate of38,400 Hz (128 channels, 300 times per second) was reprocessed using a proprietary software algorithm developed and owned by Aeroquest Limited. Processing involves the compensation of the X and Z component data for the primary field waveform. Coefficients for this compensation for the system transient are determined and applied to the stream data. The stream data are then pre-filtered, stacked, binned to the 33 on and off-time channels and checked for the effectiveness of the compensation and stacking processes. The stacked data is then filtered, levelled and split up into the individual line segments. Further base level adjustments may be carried out at this stage.

The final field processing step was to merge the processed EM data with the other data sets into a Geosoft GDB file. The EM fiducial is used to synchronize the two datasets. The processed channels are merged into 'array format; channels in the final Geosoft database as Zon, Zoff, Xon, and Xoff.

The filtering of the stacked data is designed to remove or minimize high frequency noise that can not be sourced from the geology. Apparent bedrock EM anomalies were interpreted with the aid of an auto-pick from positive peaks and troughs in the on-time Z channel responses correlated with X channel responses. The auto-picked anomalies were reviewed and edited by a geophysicist on a line by line basis to discriminate between thin and thick conductor types. Anomaly picks locations were migrated and removed as required. This process ensures the optimal representation of the conductor centres on the maps.

At each conductor pick, estimates of the off-time conductance have been generated based on a horizontal plate source model for those data points along the line where the response amplitude is sufficient to yield an acceptable estimate. Some of the EM anomaly picks do not display a Tau value; this is due to the inability to properly define the decay of the conductor usually because of low signal amplitudes. Each conductor pick was then classified according to a set of seven ranges of calculated otT-time conductance values. For high conductance sources, the on-time conductance values may be used, since it provides a more accurate measure of high-conductance sources. Each symbol is also given an identification letter label, unique to each flight line. Conductor picks that did not yield an acceptable estimate of offtime conductance due to a low amplitude response were classified as a low conductance source. Please refer to the anomaly symbol legend located in the margin of the maps.

7.4. MAGNETIC DATA

Prior to any levelling the magnetic data was subjected to a lag correction of -0.1 seconds and a spike removal filter. The filtered aeromagnetic data were then corrected for diurnal variations using the magnetic base station and the intersections of the tie lines. No corrections for the regional reference field (IGRF) were applied. The corrected profile data were interpolated on to a grid using a random grid technique with a grid cell size of20 metres. The


13

final levelled grid provided the basis for threading the presented contours which have a minimum contour interval of 10 nT.

8. GENERAL COMMENTS The survey was successful in mapping the magnetic and conductive properties of the geology throughout the survey area. Below is a brief interpretation of the results. For a detailed interpretation please contact Aeroquest Limited.

8.1. MAGNETIC RESPONSE

The magnetic data provide a high resolution map of the distribution of the magnetic mineral content of the survey area. This data can be used to interpret the location of geological contacts and other structural features sllch as faults and zones of magnetic alteration. The sources for anomalous magnetic responses are generally thought to be predominantly magnetite because of the relative abundance and strength of response (high magnetic susceptibility) of magnetite over other magnetic minerals such as pyrrhotite.

8.2. EM ANOMALIES

The EM anomalies on the maps are classified by conductance (as described earlier in the report) and also by the thickness of the source. A thin, vertically orientated source produces a double peak anomaly in the z-component response and a positive to negative crossover in the x-component response (Figure 8). For a vertically orientated thick source (say, greater than 10 metres), the response is a single peak in the z-component response and a negative to positive crossover in the x-component response (Figure 9). Because of these differing responses, the AeroTEM system provides discrimination of thin and thick sources and this distinction is indicated on the EM anomaly symbols (N thin and K thick). Where mUltiple, closely spaced conductive sources occur, or where the source has a shallow dip, it can be difficult to uniquely determine the type (thick vs. thin) of the source (Figure 10). In these cases both possible source types may be indicated by picking both thick and thin response styles. For shallow dipping conductors the 'thin' pick will be located over the edge of the source, whereas the 'thick' pick will fall over the downdip 'heart' of the anomaly.


14

15

10

.. 5 ""-... .=. w (I) Z 0 0 ~ 500 600 Ifi ~ Distance (m)

-5

Length 300m

-10 Width 300m

Depth SOm

-15 Conductance 50S

Figure 7_ AeroTEM response to a ' thin' vertical conductor

350

300 length 300 m

250 Width 300m

200 Thickness 50 m

., 150 , ----l-e '-' 100 -m:e-. w (I)

Depth SOm

Conductance 50S

Dip 900

Z 50 0 ~ (I) w 0 ~

100 200 400 500 600

-50

DISTANCE (m) -100

-150

Figure 8. AeroTEM response for a ' thick' vertical conductor

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40

Length 300m 30 Width 300m

Depth SOm 20 , ~

III -I-.s 10 -ffffr w CIl

Conductance 50S

Dip 45°

z i

0 CIl w III: 100 500 600

-10 DISTANCE (m)

-20

-30

Figure 9. AeroTEM response over a 'thin' dipping conductor

All cases should be considered when analyzing the interpreted picks and priontlZlng for follow-up. Specific anomalous responses which remain as high priority should be subjected to numerical modeling prior to drill testing to determine the dip, depth and probable geometry of the source.

Respectfully submitted,

Matt Pozza

Aeroquest Limited

June, 2007


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APPENDIX 1: SURVEY BOUNDARIES

The following table presents the project block boundaries. All geophysical data presented in this report have been windowed to these outlines. X and Y positions are in UTM Zone 17 NAD83.

Cartier

x y

465947.60 5169432.15 465935.99 5165855.11 463932.45 5165879.27 463928.16 5169432.06


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APPENDIX 2: DESCRIPTION OF DATABASE FIELDS

The GDB tile is a Geosoft binary database. In the database, the Survey lines and Tie Lines are prefixed with an "L" for "Line" and "T" for "Tie".

COLUMN UNITS DESCRIPfOR Line Line number Flight Flight number emfid AERODAS Fiducial utctime hh:mm:ss.ss UTC time x m UTM Easting (NAD83, UTM ZONE 17N)

Y m UTM Northing (NAD83. UTM ZONE 17N) bheight m Terrain clearance of EM bird dtm m Digital Terrain Model magf nT Final levelled total magnetic intensity Basemagf nT Base station total magnetic intensity Zon nTis Processed Streaming On~ Time Z component Channels 1-16 Zoff nTIs Processed Streaming Off-Time Z component Channels 0-16 Xon nTis Processed Streaming On-Time X component Channels 1-16 Xoff nTIs Processed Streaming Off-Time X component Channels o~ 16 Anom labels Alphanumeric label of conductor pick Off Con S Off~time conductance at conductor pick Off Tau S Off-time decay constant at conductor pick

i Anom ID S Anomaly Character (K= thicK, N = thiN) I Grade Classification from 1-7 based on conductance of conductor pick

pwrline powrline monitor data channel Off allcon S Off-time conductance Off AllTau S Off-time decay constant


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APPENDIX 4: DESCRIPTION OF EM ANOMALIES

Anom ID Anom Labels Grade Off Tau Off Con x y line bheight utctlme

K A 1 464167.9 5165959 1050 67.09 15.62564

K A 1 464228.3 5165924 1060 48.62 15.73725

K A 1 464271.1 5165940 1060 69.01 15.75156

K A 1 464329.2 5165882 1080 33.22 15.86733

K A 1 464373.3 5165894 1090 45.71 15.88261

K A 1 464483.9 5168105 1110 46.26 16.03872

K B 1 464484 5169125 1110 46.63 16.05181

K A 1 464586.1 5165895 1130 55.80 16.1415

K A 1 464623.6 5165882 1140 43.90 16.26372

K A 1 464673.4 5165892 1150 43.38 16.27572

K A 1 464723.4 5165889 1160 35.88 16.39508

K A 1 464770.7 5165906 1170 59.40 16.40803

K A 1 464823 5169016 1180 31.00 16.47361

K B 2 114.559 1.312 464821.9 5168557 1180 34.05 16.48181

K C 1 464796.8 5165892 1180 36.71 16.52458

K A 1 464876.6 5165923 1190 44.02 16.54133

K B 2 157.965 2.495 464880.1 5168554 1190 38.73 16.57364

K C 1 464877.4 5168990 1190 45.64 16.57867

K A 2 195.323 3.815 464925.5 5168600 1200 35.28 16.6115

K A 2 197.231 3.89 464991.3 5168592 1210 49.83 16.70442

K B 3 225.119 5.068 464987.1 5168652 1210 56.02 16.70511

K A 4 414.007 17.14 465014.5 5168610 1220 37.88 16.74639

K A 1 465073.2 5165854 1230 52.20 16.80022

K A 1 465119.8 5168900 1240 33.31 16.86322

K B 1 465124 5168685 1240 45.44 16.86658

K C 1 465124 5165859 1240 35.22 16.91158

K A 1 465176.3 5165893 1250 54.42 16.92325

K B 2 146.087 2.134 465182.3 5168758 1250 44.59 16.9565

K A 4 331.81 11.1:)1 465218.8 5168732 1260 39.19 16.98861

N B 4 331.81 11.01 465220.2 5168641 1260 34.87 16.98989

K C 1 465220.8 5165886 1260 35.50 17.03261

K A 1 465272.8 5165890 1270 51.99 17.04617

K A 1 465326 5165920 1280 41.89 17.15792

K A 1 465372.4 5165925 1290 56.73 17.17133

K A 1 465372.7 5168998 1290 44.67 17.20956

K A 1 465431.6 5165933 1300 47.28 17.28806

K A 1 465479.2 5166050 1310 43.71 17.30256

K A 1 465525.6 5165948 1320 47.06 17.41919

K A 1 465564.5 5167127 1330 40.44 17.44725

K A 1 465624.4 5165956 1340 45.93 17.54633

K A 2 151.935 2.308 465679.5 5169398 1350 41.66 18.65678

K A 1 465733.2 5166004 1360 30.11 18.71992

K B 2 132.987 1.76!~ 465721.6 5165852 1360 31.22 18.72192

K A 3 257.307 6.62·1 465208.4 5168698 1920 44.16 15.09647


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dtm

349.58

350.20

347.32

352.52

351.07

385.64

374.29

349.11

350.52

351.11

352.86

348.77

373.07

392.92

351.06

351.79

394.85

374.68

394.07

387.48

380.02

386.80

349.26

370.78

367.41

350.66

349.52

367.90

367.27

368.73

352.02

352.39

348.88

346.50

371.34

353.01

349.66

350.65

369.90

350.09

351.93

349.82

350.27

368.00

APPENDIX 5: AEROTEM DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

Helicopter-borne EM systems offer an advantage that cannot be matched from a fixed-wing platform. The ability to fly at slower speed and collect data with high spatial resolution, and with great accuracy, means the helicopter EM systems provide more detail than any other EM configuration, airborne or ground-based. Spatial resolution is especially important in areas of complex geology and in the search for discrete conductors. With the advent of helicopter-borne high-moment time domain EM systems the fixed wing platforms are losing their only advantage - depth penetration.

Advantage 1 - Spatial Resolution

The AercTEM system is specifically designed to have a small footprint. This is accomplished through the use of concentric transmitter-receiver coils and a relatively small diameter transmitter coil (5 m). The result is a highly focused exploration footprint, which allows for more accurate "mapping" of discrete conductors. Consider the transmitter primary field images shown in Figure 1, for AeroTEM versus a fixed-wing transmitter.

The footprint of AeroTEM at the earth's surface is roughly 50m on either side of transmitter

The footprint of a fixed-wing system is roughly 150 m on either side of the transmitter

Figure 1. A comparison of the footprint between AeroTEM and a fixed-wing system, highlights the greater resolution that is achievable with a transmitter located closer to the earth's surface. The AeroTEM footprint is one third that of a fixed-wing system and is symmetric, while the fixed-wing system has even lower spatial resolution along the flight line because of the separated transmitter and receiver configuration.

At first glance one may want to believe that a transmitter footprint that is distributed more evenly over a larger area is of benefit in mineral exploration. In fact, the opposite is true; by energizing a larger surface area, the ability to energize and detect discrete conductors is reduced. Consider, for example, a comparison between AeroTEM and a fixed-wing system over the Mesamax Deposit (1,450,000 tonnes of 2.1% Ni, 2.7% Cu, 5.2 glt PtlPd) . In a test survey over three flight lines spaced 100 m apart, AeroTEM detected the Deposit on all three flight lines. The fixed-wing system detected the Deposit only on two flight lines. In exploration programs that seek to expand the flight line spacing in an effort to reduce the cost of the airborne survey, discrete conductors such as the Mesamax Deposit can go undetected. The argument often put forward in favour of using fixed-wing systems is that because of their larger footprint, the flight line spaCing can indeed be widened. Many fixed-wing surveys are flown at 200 m or 400 m. Much of the survey work performed by Aeroquest has been to survey in areas that were previously flown at these wider line spacings. One of the reasons for AeroTEM 's impressive discovery record has been the strategy of flying closely spaced lines and finding all the discrete near-surface conductors. These higher resolution surveys are being flown within existing mining camps, areas that improve the chances of discovery.

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250 58250

200 58200

150 58150

I=' .s

E II)

Q. U .So 100 58100 Iii :!!: z w " ~

50 58050

0 58000

.5O+----------,---------,----------,---------~--------~--------__+57950

6826000 6826500 6827000 6827500 6828000 6828500 6829000

350 58050

300 58000

250

57950 200 P ..s g I/)

u ..s 150 57900 i= w

:E z w CI « 100 :E

57850

50

57800 0

-50 57750

Figure 2. Fixed-wing (upper) and AeroTEM (lower) comparison over the eastern limit of the Mesamax Deposit, a Ni-Cu-PGE zone located in the Raglan nickel belt and owned by Canadian Royalties. Both systems detected the Deposit further to the west where it is closer to surface.

The small footprint of AeroTEM combined with the high signal to noise ratio (SIN) makes the system more suitable to surveying in areas where local infrastructure produces electromagnetic noise, such as power lines and railways. In 2002 Aeroquest flew four exploration properties in the Sudbury Basin that were under option by


21

FNX Mining Company Inc. from Inco Limited. One such property, the Victoria Property, contained three major power line corridors.

The resulting AeroTEM survey identified all the known zones of Ni-Cu-PGE mineralization, and detected a response between two of the major power line corridors but in an area of favorable geology. Three boreholes were drilled to test the anomaly, and all three intersected sulphide. The third borehole encountered 1.3% Ni, 6.7% Cu, and 13.3 glt TPMs over 42.3 ft. The mineralization was subsequently named the Powerline Deposit.

The success of AeroTEM in Sudbury highlights the advantage of having a system with a small footprint, but also one with a high SIN. This latter advantage is achieved through a combination of a high-moment (high signal) transmitter and a rigid geometry (low noise). Figure 3 shows the Powerline Deposit response and the response from the power line corridor at full scale. The width of power line response is less than 75 m.

~ ..s. w

1000

500

·500

~ ·1000 o 11.

'" ~ ·1500

·2000

·2500

·3000 5139000

/ POWERLINE DEPOSIT

A J

'J .AV, . .. Co

rHIN FORMATIONAL / CONDUCTOR

/ ~ POWERUNECORIUDOR

POWERUNE CORRIDOR

---+ .4------ 75 m

513%00 5140000 5140500 5141000 5141500

NORrHiNG (m)

Figure 3. The Powerline Deposit is located between two major power line corridors, which make EM surveying problematic. Despite the strong response from the power line, the anomaly from the Deposit is clearly detected. Note the thin formational conductor locatecl to the south. The only way to distinguish this response from that of two closely spaced conductors is by interpreting the X-axis coil response.

Advantage 2 - Conductance Discrimination

The AeroTEM system features full waveform recording and as SUCl1 is able to measure the on-time response due to high conductance targets. Due to the proceSSing method (primary field removal), there is attenuation of the response with increaSing conductance, but the AeroTEM on-time measurement is still superior to systems that rely on lower base frequencies to detect high conductance targets, but do not measure in the on-time.

The peak response of a conductive target to an EM system is a function of the target conductance and the EM system base frequency. For time domain EM systems that measure only in the off-time, there is a drop in the peak response of a target as the base frequency is lowered for all conductance values below the peak system response. For example, the AeroTEM peak response occurs for a ·10 S conductor in the early off-time and 100 S


22

in the late off-time for a 150 Hz base frequency . Because base frequency and conductance form a linear relationship when considering the peak response of any EM system, a drop in base frequency of 50% will double the conductance at which an EM system shows its peak response. If the base frequency were lowered from 150 Hz to 30 Hz there would be a fivefold increase in conductance at which the peak response of an EM occurred.

However, in the search for highly conductive targets, such as pyrrhotite-related Ni-Cu-PGM deposits, a fivefold increase in conductance range is a high price to pay because the signal level to lower conductance targets is reduced by the same factor of five. For this reason, EM systems that operate with low base frequencies are not suitable for general exploration unless the target conductance is more than 100 S, or the target is covered by conductive overburden.

Despite the excellent progress that has been made in modeling software over the past two decades, there has been little work done on determining the optimum form of an EM system for mineral exploration. For example, the optimum configuration in terms of geometry, base frequency and so remain unknown. Many geophysicists would argue that there is no single ideal configuration, and that each system has its advantages and disadvantages. We disagree.

When it comes to detecting and discriminating high-conductance targets, it is necessary to measure the pure inphase response of the target conductor. This measurement requires that the measured primary field from the transmitter be subtracted from the total measured response such that the secondary field from the target conductor can be determined. Because this secondary field is in-phase with the transmitter primary field, it must be made while the transmitter is turned on and the transmitter current is changing. The transmitted primary field is several orders of magnitude larger than the secondary field. AeroTEM uses a bucking coil to reduce the primary field at the receiver coils. The only practical way of removing the primary field is to maintain a rigid geometry between the transmitter, bucking and receiver coils. This is the main design consideration of the AeroTEM airframe and it is the only time domain airborne system to have this configuration .

.. ,--------------,----,-----~-------- " .. HM r--------------+----~----_+-------- ".

LOW SI<1'W. lOW SIrNAl

~r-------------~----~----~-------- -,-r--------------+--~~-----+-------- , ... ,. r-------------~~~~r_--_+-------- , ... - +--------------+-+1-+1. ...

, L" .. .. .. .. , .... ..... L" ,., .. ... , .

CONOUCTANCE (S) C'O NDUCTAHCf (5)

.....

The off-time Aero TEM response for the 16 channel configuration .

ThE! on-time response assuming 100% removal of the measured primary field .

Figure 4. The off-time and on-time response nomogram of Ae.roTEM for a base frequency of 150 Hz. The on-time response is much stronger for higher conductance targets and this is why on-time measurements are more important than lower frequencies when considering high conductance targets in a resistive environment.

Advantage 3 - Multiple Receiver Coils

AeroTEM employs two receiver coil orientations. The Z-axis coil is oriented parallel to the transmitter coil and both are horizontal to the ground. This is known as a maximum coupled configuration and is optimal for detection. The X-axis coil is oriented at right angles to the transmitter coil and is oriented along the fine-of-flight. This is known as a minimum coupled configuration, and provides information on conductor orientation and thickness. These two coil configurations combined provide important information on the position, orientation, depth, and thickness of a conductor that cannot be matched by the traditional geometries of the HEM or fixed-

Aeroquest Limited - Report on a Helicopter-Bo17le AeroTEM II Electromagnetic & Magnetic Systems Survey

23

wing systems. The responses are free from a system geometric effect and can be easily compared to model type curves in most cases. In other words, AeroTEM data is very easy to interpret. Consider, for example, the following modeled profile:

Figure 5. Measured (lower) and modeled (upper) AeroTEM responses are compared for a thin steeply dipping conductor. The response is characterized by two peaks in the Z-axis coil, and a cross-over in the X-axis coil that is centered between the two Z-axis peaks. The conductor dips toward the higher amplitude Z-axis peak. USing the X-axis cross-over is the only way of differentiating the Z-axis response from being two closely spaced conductors.

HEM versus AeroTEM

Traditional helicopter EM systems operate in the frequency domain and benefit from the fact that they use narrowband as opposed to wide-band transmitters. Thus all of the energy from the transmitter is concentrated in a few discrete frequencies. This allows the systems to achieve excellent depth penetration (up to 100 m) from a transmitter of modest power. The Aeroquest Impulse system is one im plementation of this technology.

The AeroTEM system uses a wide-band transmitter and delivers more power over a wide frequency range. This frequency range is then captured into 16 time channels, the early channels containing the high frequency information and the late time channels containing the low frequency information down to the system base frequency. Because frequency domain HEM systems employ two coil configurations (coplanar and coaxial) there are only a maximum of three comparable frequencies per configuration, compared to 16 AeroTEM off-time and 12 AeroTEM on-time channels.


24

Figure 6 shows a comparison between the Dighem HEM system (900 Hz and 7200 Hz coplanar) and AeroTEM (Zaxis) from surveys flown in Raglan, in search of highly conductive Ni-Cu-PGM sulphide. In general, the AeroTEM peaks are sharper and better defined, in part due to the greater SIN ratio of the AeroTEM system over HEM, and also due to the modestly filtered AeroTEM data compared to HEM. The base levels are also better defined in the AeroTEM data. AeroTEM filtering is limited to spike removal and a 5-point smoothing filter. Clients are also given copies of the raw, unfiltered data.

.b. \' 'f' ~ J J ~ • .' ¥" _ -:'-;ito ";L~:.-L1 >;.:of .......... ~ ;' T ' ""._ ~.''l' .• !.~ .'li~'._ Z .-".~!.1Y 1·'13' I. _'-I • 'f • j f') t I' l. ., ~ -. ..!

Figure 6. Comparison between Dighem HEM (upper) and AeroTEM (lower) sUIVeys flown in the Raglan area. The AeroTEM responses appear to be more discrete, suggesting that the data is not as heavily filtered as the HEM data. The SIN advantage of AeroTEM over HEM is about 5:1.

Aeroquest Limited is grateful to the following companies for permission to publish some of the data from their respective surveys: Wolfden Resources, FNX Mining Company Inc, Canadian Royalties, Nova VIlest Resources, Aurogin Resources, Spectrem Air. Permission does not imply an endorsement of the AeroTEM system by these companies.

Aeroquest Limited - Report on a Helicopter-Borne AeroTEM IT Electromagnetic & Magnetic Systems Sw-vey

25

APPENDIX 6: AEROTEM INSTRUMENTATION SPECIFICATION SHEET

AeroTEM II

AeroTEM II is an innovative approach to geophysical surveying with its original concept of a concentric coil helicopterborne time domain EM system.

Aeroquest has been continuously refining the system design as an exploration tool that is optimized to provide the maximum amount of information on a target conductor. The resulting combination of resolution, conductance discrimination, and geometric information is not possible with any other geophysical platform.

Specifications

Base operating frequency:

Transmitter waveform:

Transmitter coil:

Receiver coils (3-axi1l):

Transmitter dipole moment:

Data output:

Output sampling rate:

Tow cable:

Overall bird dimensions:

125/150 Hz

Bipolar triangular pulse. 30-50% duty cycle

Vertical dipole

Concentric vertical Z axis, plus horizontal dipole in X (along line)

40,000 Am2 peak@ 150 Hz typical

16 on-time channels plus 17 off-time channels for all receivers plus full waveform streaming data

10 per second for channel data

38.400 per second for streaming data

40 m long, with Kevtar strain member and weak-link

5 m diameter

Aemquest Limited - Report on a Helicopter-Borne AeroTEM II Electromagnetic & Magnetic Systems Survey

26

APPENDIX II: Field Stations

C\R IIER i\SSlSS\ll". I REP()R 1 Dcccmhl'r 2007

:r II) IIJ :I ~ ~

II) ~ Ii IIJ N ~ II)

Z

~ ::::>

(5 z z 0 0 ~I ~ ~ 1= II) z 0 II) z :f ::::> 0 z 0 IIJ

Q. 1= 0 :II ~I llI:: Q. 0 ~

IIJ ~ :Ii > i! tr: 0 ~ ~ ~ (!) 0 ~ ~ m ~ ~ ::, ~ ~ 8 ~ ~ f

39 CT-07-01 SRSR 465451 5168974 GR cg light pinklsh grey surface hematite stained. Trace EP VI, apple green.

40 CT-07-02 SRSR 465432 5168961 GR c~ light pinkish grey Possibly boulder 41 CT-07-03 SRSR 465432 5168955 GAB fg light pinkish grey Possibly boulder 42 CT-07-04 SRSR 465434 5168945 GR eg light pinkish grey Possibly boulder 43 CT-07-05 SRSR 465403 5168928 GR leg light pinkish grey Possibly boulder 44 CT-07-OS SRSR 465404 5168921 GR leg light pinkish grey 45 CT-07-07 SRSR 465442 5168906 GR cg light pinkish grey 46 CT-07-08 SRSR 465434 5168902 GR cg light pinkish grey Possibly boulder 47 CT-07-09 SRSR 465432 5168874 GR cg light pinkish grey 48 CT-07-10 SRSR 465436 5168860 GR cg light pinkish grey 49 CT-07-11 SRSR 465428 5168855 GR 1C9 light pinkish grey 50 CT-07-12 SRSR 465441 5168847 GR

~ li~ht pinkish grey

51 CT-07-i3 SRSR 465427 5168837 GR light pinkish grey

52 CT-07-14 SRSR 465420 5168833 GR !eg light pinkish grey 53 CT-07-15 SRSR 465421 5168811 GR cg light pinkish grey 54 CT-07-i6 SRSR 465405 5168792 GR cg light pinkish grey 55 CT-07-17 SRSR 465398 5168771 GR cg light pinkish 9rey 56 CT-07-18 SRSR 465403 5168760 GR cg light pinkish grey 57 CT-07-19 SRSR 465402 5168747 GR/GRGN cg light pinkish grey Slightly foliated 58 CT-07-20 SRSR 465396 5168721 GRIGRGN 1C9. light pinkish grey Slightly foliated

59 CT-07-21 SRSR 465339 5168612 GR leg light pinkish grey 60 CT-07-22 SRSR 465341 5168593 GR cg light pinkish grey 61 CT-07-23 SRSR 465329 5168561 GR cg light pinkish grey 62 CT-07-24 SRSR 465323 5168557 GR cg light pinkish grey 63 CT·07·25 SRSR 465322 5168551 GR leg light pinkish grey 84 CT·07-26 SRSR 465322 5168540 GR leg light pinkish grey 65 CT-07-27 SRSR 465303 5168604 GR ieg light pinkish grey 66 CT-07-28 SRSR 465301 5168606 GR cg light pinkish grey 67 CT-07-29 SRSR 465297 5168610 GR 1C9 light pinkish grey 68 CT-07-30 SRSR 465294 5168626 GR cg light pinkish grey 69 CT-07-31 SRSR 465299 5168648 GR cg_ light pinkishgrey

70 CT-07-32 SRSR 465294 5168694 GR cg light pinkish grey Subx VL (1-4 em)

71 CT-07-33 SRSR 465300 5168702 GR cg light pinkish grey

72 CT-07-34 SRSR 465300 5168702 GR leg light pinkish grey

73 CT-07-35 SRSR 465299 5168702 GR C9 light pinkish grey Fault (AZ. 199'n2C

) 30 em true thickness

74 CT-07-36 SRSR 465298 5168705 GR cg light pinkish grey 75 CT-07-37 SRSR 465293 5168691 GR cg light pinkish grey 76 CT-07-38 SRSR 465273 5168707 GAB fg Green 77 CT-07-39 SRSR 465257 5168698 GR og light pinkish grey

1

::c 0 w ::Ii 0 I-0 ~ ~ W ~I

II:: 0 I-Z ::l § Z (5 Z Z 0 0 0:: I- 0

0 0 W Z s: ::l 0 0 W I:L 1= 0 I ::IiI ~ I:L

Z 0 ::l W I- ::Ii )0-

j! 0:: ~ ~ ..I ~ ..I 0:: CI 0 ::Ii

~ in ~ !; ~ 8 ~ ~ f 8 78 CT-07-40 SRSR 465255 5168701 GR eg light pinkish grey

Melt textured. Contorted banding with fg biotite and eg GR

2957,2958, Xenolith - Cg wi chi! margin, black & white

79 CT-07-41 SRSR 465247 5168699 GR cg light pinkish grey Xenolith 2959

(spotty), angular (30 em) and partially fragmented along contact into GR.

80 CT-07-42 SRSR 465243 5168717 GRlGDGN cg light pinkish grey 81 CT-07-43 SRSR 68714 GAB fg light pinkish grey Possibly boulder. 82 CT-07-44 SRSR 68723 GR leg light pinkish grey

2% diss pyrite, weakly Porphyroblasts - white, 0.1-2 cm.

83 CT-07-45 SRSR 35 5168723 MTGB euhedral,0.5-1 fg light pinkish grey Prophyroritic magnetic

2962,2964 Metachewan Diabase.

em grains.

84 CT-07-46 SRSR 465230 5168726 MTGB fg light pinkish grey Prophyroritic Porphyroblasts - white, 0.1-2 em. Metachewan Diabase.


86 CT-07-48 SRSR 465220 5168716 GR cg light pinkish grey 87 CT-07-49 SRSR 465217 5168716 GR leg light pinkish grey 88 CT-07-50 SRSR 465210 5168712 GR cg light pinkish grey 89 CT-07-51 SRSR 465199 5168714 GR cg light pinkish grey 90 CT-07-52 SRSR 465198 5168726 GR cg light pinkish grey 91 CT-07-53 SRSR 465197 5168731 GR ICQ light pinkish grey 92 CT-07-54 SRSR 465206 5168727 GR Cg light pinkish grey



95 CT-07-57 SRSR 465235 5168731 GR cg light pinkish grey 96 CT-07-58 SRSR 465251 5168725 MTGB fg light pinkish grey Possibly boulder 97 CT-07-59 SRSR 465256 5168748 GR cg light pinkish grey

98 CT-07-60 SRSR 465239 5168754 GR leg light pinkish grey 99 CT-07-61 SRSR 465204 5168758 GR cg light pinkish grey


1 % diss pyrite, Melt textured. Contorted banding with fg

101 CT-07-53 SRSR 465192 5168766 GR suhedral,O.1-0.5 cg light pinkish grey 2966 biotite and cg GR

cm grains.


103 CT-07-65 SRSR 465184 5168785 GR cg light pinkish grey Melt textured. Contorted banding with fg biotite and cg GR

Melt textured. Contorted banding with fg 104 CT-07-66 SRSR 465178 5168774 GR eg light pinkish grey 2974 biotite and eg GR. Elongated xenoliths (Az

070")


106 CT-07-68 SRSR 465185 5168744 GR Cg light pinkish grey


2

J: III W :::I ~ l- I- I-

W N Ill: III Z III III Ill: ;:) Z Z 0 Q lilt Ill: i= III Z 6 « I- w 0 III

:t z :E ;:) (.) z 0 Q. i= 0 :::It X Q. Z 0 ;:) W I- :::I

>-~ a: (.) ...I ~ ...I a: (!) 0 :::I

~ in ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 8 Iii ~ it 8 108 CT-07-70 SRSR 465172 5168741 GR eg light pinkish grey Qtz vein wI gossan 109 CT-07-71 SRSR 465165 5168738 GR eg light pinkish grey 110 CT-07-72 SRSR 465151 5168715 GR leg light pinkishgrey 111 CT-07-73 SRSR 465146 5168713 GR I"hl ~""'" ,,",V

~11!r·' 5168704 GR light pinkish grey

SRSR 465154 5168706 GR light pinkish grey 465163 5168698 GR light pinkish grey

115 C 465153 5168692 GR light pinkish grey 116 CT-07-78 SRSR 465148 5168686 GR eg light pinkish grey 117 CT-07-79 SRSR 465145 5168680 GR eg light pinkish grey 118 CT-07-80 SRSR 465146 5168666 GR eg light pinkish grey 119 CT-07-81 SRSR 465142 5168661 GR eg light pinkish grey 120 CT-07-82 SRSR 465139 5168657 GR ,eg light pinkish gr~

Xenolith - mg wI ehil margin (possibly alt 121 CT-07-S3 SRSR 465135 5168652 GR eg light pinkish grey Xenolith rim). black and white (spotty), angular (30

em).

122 CT-07-84 SRSR 465172 5168658 GR eg light pinkish grey

Xenolith - mg wI chill margin (possibly all

123 CT-07-85 SRSR 465169 5168651 GR eg light pinkish grey Xenolith magnetic 2967-2972 rim). elongated (Az 040°). 1m. partially fragmented into GR. Surrounded by pegmatoidal granite.

124 CT-07-86 465173 GRGN eg light pinkish grey 125 CT-07-81 SRSR 465141 5168660 GRGN leg light pinkish grey 126 CT-07-88 SRSR 465133 5168664 GRGN eg light pinkish grey 127 CT-07-89 SRSR 465127 5168661 GRGN cg light pinkish grey 128 CT-07-90 SRSR 465116 5168673 GRGN lea light pinkish grey 129 CT-07-91 SRSR 465120 5168692 GRGN eg light pinkish grey 130 CT-07-92 SRSR 465119 5168695 GRGN ,eg light pinkish grey 131 CT-07-93 SRSR 465120 5168707 GRGN eg light pinkish grey 132 CT-07-94 SRSR 465129 5168708 GRGN eg light pinkish grey 133 CT-07-95 SRSR 465112 5168713 GRGN 'eg light pinkish grey 134 CT-07-96 SRSR 465108 5168718 GRGN eg light pinkish grey 135 CT-07-97 SRSR 465111 5168731 GR eg light pinkish grey 136 CT-07-98 SRSR 465112 5168741 GR eg light pinkish grey 137 CT-07-99 SRSR 465107 5168744 GR eg light pinkish grey 138 CT-07-100 SRSR 465100 5168741 GR eg light pinkish grey 139 CT-07-101 SRSR 465091 5168740 GR leg light pinkish grey 140 CT-07-102 SRSR 465097 5168770 GR leg light pinkish grey 141 CT-07-103 SRSR 465099 5168772 GR leg light pinkish grey 142 CT-07-104 SRSR 465107 5168777 GR leg light pinkish grey 143 CT-07-105 SRSR 465112 5168777 GR cg light pinkish grey 144 CT-07-1OS SRSR 465118 5168783 GR 'eg light pinkish grey

3

:I: f/) w :I f/) l-

f/) I- ti w N IlC f/) I-Z f/) ::::J i= z

6 z z .:( 0 C f/)I IlC l- f/) W 0 f/) w z s: ::::J (.) Z e a. i= 0 :II :II

~ a. z 0 ::::J W :I >- :! IlC (.) ..J ~ ..J

~ <.:I 0 :I

~ ;;; ~ !; !; ~ ~ 8 ~ iF 8 145 CT-07-107 SRSR 465124 5168771 GR cg light pinkish grey 146 CT-07-108 SRSR 465143 5168775 GR leg light pinkish grey 147 CT-07-109 SRSR 465157 5168780 GR leg light pinkish grey

148 CT-07-110 SRSR 465174 5168771 MTGB fg Green non-magnetic 2975,2976 Possibly boulder. Frost heave.

149 CT-07-111 SRSR 465208 5168781 GR leg light pinkish grey 150 CT-07-112 SRSR 465261 5168834 GR leg light pinkish grey

Xenolith (gabbroic) - Black, mg, angular, chil 151 CT-07·113 SRSR 465275 5168835 GR eg light pinkish grey Xenolith 2981'·2986 margin (possible alt rim),cross cutting

pegmatitic veins,

152 CT·07·114 SRSR 465282 5168835 GR cg light pinkish grey 153 CT-07·115 SRSR 465287 5168838 GR cg light pinkish grey 154 CT-07-116 SRSR 465283 5168849 GR leg light pinkish grey

155 CT·07-117 SRSR 465293 5168876 MTGB fg Green 2988-2997 Ep VL locallized. Fg green mineral (2994 Jpeg).

156 CT-07-118 SRSR 465292 5168874 Xenolith mg Green Xenolith non-magnetic Xenolith cross cut by granite. Both xenolith (subx) and grantie cross cut by Subx.

157 CT-07-119 SRSR 465306 5168899 GR cg light pinkish grey 158 CT-07-120 SRSR 465381 5168965 GR leg light pinkish grey 159 CT-07-121 SRSR 465399 5168973 GR leg light pinkish grey 160 CT-07-122 SRSR 465429 5168977 GRGN cg light pinkish grey 161 CT-07-123 SRSR 465456 5168990 GRGN leg light pinkish grey 162 CT..Q7-124 SRSR 465466 5168997 GRGN leg light pinkish grey 163 CT-07-125 SRSR 465368 5169120 GR leg light pinkish grey 164 CT-07-126 SRSR 465363 5169120 GR cg light pinkish grey 165 CT-07-127 SRSR 465357 5169124 GR leg light pinkish grey 166 CT-07-128 SRSR 465357 5169121 GR leg light pinkish grey 167 CT-07·129 SRSR 465359 5169117 GR leg Ilight pinkish grey 168 CT-07-130 SRSR 465364 5169109 GR cg light pinkish grey 169 CT-07·131 SRSR 465348 5169117 GR cg light pinkish grey 170 CT·07-132 SRSR 465345 5169124 GR cg light pinkish grey 171 CT-07-133 SRSR 465334 5169110 GR cg light pinkish grey 172 CT-07-134 SRSR 465326 5169112 GR cg light pinkish grey 173 CT-07-135 SRSR 465324 5169098 GR cg light pinkish grey 174 CT-07-136 SRSR 465318 5169096 GR leg light pinkish grey 175 CT-07-137 SRSR 465289 5169111 GR leg \i!:lht pinkish !:Irev Xenolith 176 CT-07-138 SRSR 465287 5169107 GR leg light pinkish grey Xenolith 177 CT-07-139 SRSR 465286 5169110 GR cg light pinkish grey Xenolith

1178 (T-07-140 ,SRSR 465281 5169112 GR ~.hI p;ok.h ,re, Xenolith 179 SRSR 465277 5169114 GR light pinkish grey Xenolith 180 CT-07 SRSR 465270 5169121 GR light pinkish grey 181 CT-07-143 ISRSR 465268 5169117 GR light pinkish grey

4

i= (I) w ::& ~ l- I- W

:' Ill: (I)

Z (I)

!, Ill: i:? i= z (5 z z 0 Q a:: (I) w 0 (I) z i: ::::I (.) Z 0 ::& D- i= 0 ::&'

:.:: D- O ::::I W I-> i! a:: ~ ~

...I ~ ...I Ill: <:) 0 ::&

~ in ~ !; ~ 8 Ii; : 11: 8 182 CT-07-144 SRSR 485268 5169111 MTGB fg Green

183 CT-07-145 SRSR 465271 5169100 GR 'eg light pinkish grey


185 CT-07-147 SRSR 465264 5169094 GR eg light pinkish grey 186 CT-o~ 465258 5169094 GR leg light pinkish grey

187 CT-07-149 SRSR 465254 5169089 GR cg light pinkish grey 188 CT-07-150 SRSR 465218 5169086 GR eg light pinkish grey Xenolith

189 CT-07-151 SRSR 485212 5169087 GR ~ light pinkish grey Xenolith

190 CT-07-152 SRSR 485208 5169083 GR cg light pinkish grey Xenolith



193 CT-07-155 SRSR 465191 5169091 GR ru'i9ht pinkish grey Xenolith

194 CT-07-156 SRSR 465192 5169106 GR light pinkish grey Xenolith



197 CT-07-159 SRSR 465186 5169069 GR ~ light pinkish grey






203 CT-07-165 SRSR~ 5169027 GR cg light pinkish grey

204 CT-07-166 SRSR 5169021 GR ieg light pinkish grey

205 CT-07-167 SRSR 485148 5169003 GR ieg light pinkish grey




209 CT-07-171 SRSR 465143 5168977 GR ,eg light pinkish grey



212 CT-07-174 SRSR 465083 5168948 GR 'eg light pinklsh grey

Xenoithl Dike? Xenolith foliatied (Az 220°). 213 CT-07-175 SRSR 465096 5168945 GR cg Ught pinkish grey Xenolith 1717-18 alteration rim. elongated 1 m. Diabase

Xenolith.



Series of discontiuous dikes in GR. Elongate

216 CT-07-178 SRSR 465072 5168960 GR/Diabase eg Green 1m by 5cm. Green, 1-2% felds porphyroblasts.Massive, fracture filling. Elongated Az 340 0

•

217 CT-07-179 SRSR 465067 5168954 GR/Diabase cg Green non-magnetic

218 CT-07-180 SRSR 465058 5168952 GR/Diabase cg Green

5

::z: II) w ::Iii II)

l- I- I-W N 0:: II) I-Z II) II) a: ::I

0 Z Z « 0 c II) a: I- i= II) z 0 II) ~ I ::I Z 0 W

W Z Z 0 ::Iii n. i= 0 ::Iii

l I lC n. 0 ::I W I->- « a: ::Iii 0 ..J ~ ..J 0:: (!) 0 ::Iii

~ lii ~ !; !; ~ ~ 8 ~ ~ if 8 219 CT-07-181 SRSR 465045 5168962 GR cg light pinkish grey



222 CT-07-184 SRSR 465029 5168971 GR/Diabase fg Green 223 CT-07-185 SRSR 465023 5168976 GR cg light pinkish grey 224 CT-07-186 SRSR 465024 5168979 GR cg light pinkish grey 225 CT-07-187 SRSR 465020 5168982 GR cg light pinkish grey 226 CT-07-188 SRSR 465013 5168977 GR cg light pinkish grey 227 CT-07-189 SRSR 465017 5168974 GR leg light pinkish grey 228 CT-07-190 SRSR 465016 5168940 GR leg light pinkish grey 229 CT-07-191 SRSR 465015 5168934 GR cg light pinkish grey Xenoliths locally foliated (Az 240°)




233 CT-07-195 SRSR 465002 5168877 GR cg light pinkish grey 234 CT-07-196 SRSR 464995 5168875 GR cg light pinkish grey


236 CT-07-198 SRSR 464984 5168870 GR cg light !Jinkish grey 237 CT-07-199 SRSR 464979 5168867 GR c~ li~ht !Jinkish grey 238 CT-07-200 SRSR 464963 5168867 GR cg ight pinkish grey





243 CT-07-205 SRSR 464958 5168805 Diabase fg Green



246 CT-07-208 SRSR 464962 5168809 Diabase fg Green 247 CT-07-209 SRSR 464963 5168801 Diabase fg Green



250 CT-07-212 SRSR 464970 5168801 GR cg li~htpinkish grey

251 CT-07-213 SRSR 464973 5168801 GR/Diabase cg Green Contact Az 130/80 NE GRiDiabase contact Az1300/800NE

252 CT-07-214 SRSR 464974 5168802 Diabase fg Green non-magnetic


254 CT-07-216 SRSR 464976 5168799 Diabase fg Green non-magnetic

255 CT-07-217 SRSR 464978 5168799 GR/Diabase cg Green



258 CT-07-220 SRSR 464978 5168793 Diabase fg Green non-ma~netic


260 CT-07-222 SRSR 465002 5168724 GR eg li~ht pinkish gr~

6

:x: fI) w :IE ~ l- I- I-

W N ~ fI) Z fI) fI) ~ ::::I t= z (5 z z ~ 0 C fl)1 ~ I- fI) W 0 fI) z :i: ::::I 0 Z g a.. t= ~ 1 j!1 x: a.. z 0 ::::I W :IE > « :IE 0 ...I ~ ...I ~ <:) 0 :IE ~ til ~ !::; 5 ~ ~ 8 til ;] it R

1261 ICT -O'-22'lsRSR 465016

5168698 GR leg light pinkish grey SRSR 465137 5168614 GR cg light pinkish grey SRSR 465140 5168618 GR leg light pinkish grey

264 CT-O'-226 j""SR 1465154 5168620 GR cg light pinkish grey 265 CT-07-227 465158 5168616 GR I~ IT' .okl,h ~y 266 CT-07-228 465157 5168612 Diabase 267 CT-07-229 SRSR 465154 5168607 IGR ey 268 CT-07-230 SRSR 465149 5168605 GR leg light pinkish grey 269 CT-07-231 SRSR 465414 5168603 GR cg light pinkish gr~ 270 CT-07-232 SRSR 465096 5168611 GR cg light pinkish gr~ 271 CT-07-233 SRSR 465094 5168616 GR cg light pinkish grey 272 CT-07-234 SRSR 465083 5168618 GR cg light pinkish grey 273 CT-07-235 SRSR 465074 5168628 GR leg light pinkish grey 274 CT-07-236 SRSR 464993 5168668 GR cg light pinkish grey 275 CT-07-237 SRSR 464987 5168671 GR leg light pinkish grey 276 CT-07-238 SRSR 464949 5168705 GR leg light pinkish grey 277 CT-07-239 SRSR 464948 5168710 GR leg Ilight pinkish grey

278 CT-07-240 SRSR 464946 5168715 IGR diss pyrite, trace. I±t pinkish grey non-magnetic

279 CT-07-241 SRSR 464940 5168704 GR leg light pinkish grey 280 CT-07-242 SRSR 464931 5168670 GR leg light pinkish grey 281 CT-07-243 SRSR 464928 5168671 GR leg light pinkish gr~ 282 CT-07-244 SRSR 464933 5168664 GR leg light pinkish gr~ 283 CT-07-245 SRSR 464931 5168657 GR leg light pinkish grey 284 CT-07-246 SRSR 464935 5168655 GR cg light pinkish grey 285 CT-07-247 SRSR 464935 5168658 GR leg light pinkish grey 286 CT-07-248 SRSR 464942

5168661 ! cg light pinkish grey non-magnetic

1287 (T-07-249 SRSR 464996 5168536 leg light pinkish grey

288 SRSR 465000 5168535 I: rt :M;'h ~ moderately magnetic

289 CT-07-251 SRSR 464914 5168603 GR leg 1 grey 290 CT-07-252 SRSR 464899 5168585 GR cg t pinkish grey

291 CT-07-253 SRSR 464901 5168434 GR I eg light pinkish grey

292 CT-07-254 SRSR 464902 5168486 GR leg light pinkish grey 293 CT-Q7-255 SRSR 464900 5168488 GR eg light pinkish grey

294 CT-07-2S6 SRSR 464896 5168490 GR leg light pinkish grey

295 CT-07-2S7 SRSR 464882 5168494 GR eg light pinkish grey 296 CT-07-268 SRSR 464880 5168493 GR leg light pinkish grey

297 CT-07-259 SRSR 464875 5168491 GR Cg~ 298 CT-07-260 SRSR 464874 5168490 GR :: light pinkish grey 299 CT-07-261 SRSR 464860 5168508 GR

300 CT-07-262 SRSR 464846 5168528 GR cg light pinkish grey I

7

• I/)

:J: W ::& I/) .... .... .... W Si

l

It: I/) .... Z I/) I/) It: ::l i= z (5 z z ~ 0 Q It: .... I/)

W 0 I/) z % ::l 0 Z e 0.. i= ~ 1 ::&1 ::.::: 0.. Z 0 ::l W ::&

>- 0( ::& 0 ...J i ...J It: (.!) 0 ::& ~ t; ~ !; !; ~ ~ 8 Iii ~ if R

301 CT-07-263 SRSR 464840 5168527 GR eg light pinkish grey 302 CT-07-264 SRSR 464838 5168526 GR eg light pinkish grey 303 CT-07-265 SRSR 464805 5168543 GR eg light pinkish grey 304 CT-07-266 SRSR 464805 5168543 GR eg light pinkish grey 305 CT-07-267 SRSR 464805 5168545 GR eg light pinkish grey non-Illi:lllm:"i ... 306 CT-07-268 SRSR 464923 5168582 Diabase ruGreen 307 CT-07-269 SRSR 464928 5168573 GR light pinkish grey 308 CT·07-270 SRSR 464929 5168570 GR eg light pinkish grey non-magnetic 309 CT-07-271 SRSR 465017 5168604 GR eg light pinkish grey 310 CT-07·272 SRSR 465028 5168601 GR eg light pinkish arey 311 CT-07-273 SRSR 465054 5168622 GR ea liaht pinkish arey 312 CT-07-274 SRSR 465091 5168692 GR ea light pinkish grey 313 CT-07-275 SRSR 465103 5168697 GRGN eg light pinkish grey 314 CT-07-276 SRSR 465124 5168713 GR eg light pinkish grey 315 CT-07-277 SRSR 465136 5168725 GR eg light pinkish grey 316 CT-07-278 SRSR 465368 5168977 GR eg light pinkish grey 317 CT-07-279 SRSR 465371 5168980 GDGN leg light pinkish grey GRGN or shered GR (Az180D

)

318 CT-07-280 SRSR 465382 5168999 GR eg liaht pinkish grey 319 CT·07·281 SRSR 465385 5168999 GR eg light pinkish grey 320 CT·07·282 SRSR 465383 5169006 GR lea light pinkish grey 321 CT·07·283 SRSR 465387 5169005 GR eg light pinkish arey 322 CT·07·284 SRSR 465388 5169019 GRGN eg light pinkish grey GRGN fragment in GR 323 CT-07-285 SRSR 465389 5169028 GRGN eg light pinkish grey GRGN fragment in GR 324 CT-07-286 SRSR 465397 5169060 GR eg light pinkish grey 325 CT-07-287 SRSR 465400 5169063 GR lea light pinkish grey 326 CT-07-288 SRSR 465399 5169067 GR lea light pinkish grey 327 CT-07-289 SRSR 465396 5169065 GR leg light pinkish grey 328 CT·07-290 SRSR 465400 5169064 Diabse Ifg Green 329 CT-07-291 SRSR 465399 5169067 Diabse Ifg Green 330 CT-07-292 SRSR 465398 5169068 Diabse :g Green

331 CT-07·293 SRSR 465396 5169070 Diabse 'g Green Contact Az 330°/80' NE. 60 em true thickness.

332 CT-07-294 SRSR 465393 5169075 Diabse if a Green 333 CT·07·295 SRSR 465389 5169075 GR/GRGN leg light pinkish grey

334 CT-07-296 SRSR 465391 5169071 GR/GRGN lea light pinkish grey

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AIRBORNE MAG EM RPT CARTIER TWP · SUMMARY A helicopter-borne AeroTEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic...

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Transcript of AIRBORNE MAG EM RPT CARTIER TWP · SUMMARY A helicopter-borne AeroTEM Electromagnetic and Magnetic...