Air Quality Planning Update NJDEP Air Quality Planning Judy Rand, PE Environmental Engineer October...

Air Quality PlanningUpdate

NJDEP Air Quality Planning

Judy Rand, PE

Environmental Engineer

October 14, 2011

FIRST SOME BACKGROUNDNAAQS

The Clean Air Act (CAA), requires EPA to set National Ambient Air Quality Standards for pollutants considered harmful to public health and the environment. (40 CFR part 50)

Primary standards set limits to protect public health.

Secondary standards set limits to protect public welfare, including protection against decreased visibility, damage to animals, crops, vegetation, and buildings.

Goal to Attain as Quickly as Practical and Maintain

Six "criteria" pollutants.

Pollutants Criteria

1) Ozoneo Precursor pollutants primarily VOC and NOx, also CO

2) Particulate Matter 2.5 and 10o Precursor pollutants primarily SO2 and NOx, also

ammonia and VOC

3) Lead4) Sulfur Dioxide5) Nitrogen Dioxide 6) Carbon Monoxide

Regional Hazeo Visibility Goals at Federally Protected Class I

Areaso Brigantine Wilderness Area

NAAQS Implementation Steps

1) NAAQS Promulgation

2) Designations

3) 110(a) Infrastucture and Transport

State Implementation Plan (SIP)

4) Attainment Demonstration SIP

5) Attainment of the Standard

6) Clean Data Determination

7) Redesignation

8) Maintenance Plan

Nonattainment Area Requirements

(Federal Clean Air Act, Section 172(c))

Emission Inventory

New Source Review (Permitting)

Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT)

Reasonable Further Progress (RFP) Demonstration

Reasonably Available Control Measures (RACM)

Control Measures necessary for attainment and RFP

Attainment Demonstration (modeling)

Transportation Conformity

Contingency Measures

Existing NAAQS and New Jersey Status

Pollutant Primary StandardsSecondary Standards Monitoring

Data StatusSIP Status

Level DateAveraging

TimeLevel

Lead

1.5 µg/m3 1978Quarterly Average

Same as Primary

Attaining Attainment

0.15 µg/m3

2008Rolling 3-

Month Average

Same as Primary

Attaining

EPA proposed designation -

unclassifiable/attainment

CO

9 ppm (10 mg/m3)

1971 8-hour

NoneAttaining

Attainment under Maintenance Plan/

Last Plan in Progress

35 ppm

(40 mg/m3)

1971 1-hour

New monitors

2011 Likely to

AttainNo new

Requirements

NO2

53 ppb 1971 AnnualSame as Primary


100 ppb and new monitors

2010 1-hour NoneLikely to

Attain

EPA proposed designation -

unclassifiable/attainment

Existing NAAQS and New Jersey Status

Pollutant Primary StandardsSecondary Standards Monitoring

Data StatusSIP Status

Level DateAveraging

TimeLevel

SO2

0.03 ppm 1971 Annual

NoneAttaining except for Columbia

NJ designation recommendation-NA for

61 municipalities in 4 counties/unclassifiable

rest of state

75 ppb 2010 1-hour

PM10 150 µg/m3 1987 24-hourSame as Primary


PM2.5

15.0 µg/m3 1997 AnnualSame as Primary

Attaining

CDD final for northern area/pending for

southern/redesignation request in progress

35 µg/m3 2006 24-hourSame as Primary

AttainingCDD

pending/redesignation request in progress

Ozone

0.12 ppm 1979 1-hourSame as Primary

AttainingCDD final for southern

area/pending for northern area


Attaining CDD pending


Not Attaining

Pending EPA Designations

New Jersey State Implementation Plan (SIP) Status Ozone

– 0.08 ppm USEPA approved RFP, RACM, Conformity, RACT and Control Measures; USEPA proposed disapproval of the attainment demonstration May 2009; NJ’s Northern NAA: NJ has requested a Clean Data Determination; NJ’s Southern NAA: NJ received a 1 year extension of the 2009 attainment date.

– 0.075 ppm NJ submitted designation recommendations April 1, 2009; NJ recommended either a larger multi-state NAA, or the same as the 0.08 ppm NAAs; EPA put them on hold pending the ozone reconsideration, but is now moving forward

with implementation.

PM2.5– 15 μg/m3 annual

NJ submitted a final SIP March 2009. We are waiting for EPA action; EPA promulgated a Clean Data Determination for NJ’s Northern NAA; We expect EPA to propose a Clean Data Determination for NJ’s Southern NAA;

– 35 μg/m3 24-hour NJ will request a CDD from the USEPA for both NAA’s.

Regional Haze– Submitted Jul 28, 2009, submitted BART portion in 2011, EPA has proposed APPROVAL on

August 11, 2011.

Anticipated National Ambient Air Quality Standards Milestones

Pollutant StandardNAAQS

Promulgation Date

Designation Effective

110(a) SIPs Due

Attainment Demonstration Due

Attainment Date

Promulgated

PM2.5 35 µg/m3 daily Sep-06 Dec-09 Sep-09Dec-12, CDD in

progress insteadDec-14

Ozone 0.075 ppm 8 hour Mar-08 Mid-12? Mar-11 Mid-15?

Dec-15Marginal or

Dec-18 Moderate?

Lead 0.15 µg/m3 Oct-08 Nov-11? Oct-11 NA NA

NO2 Primary 100 ppb 1 hour Jan-10 Feb-12? Jan-13 NA NA

SO2 Primary 75 ppb 1 hour Jun-10 Aug-12?For AAs: Jun-13

(maint also)

For NAs: Jan-14 (Plan) and by Aug-17 (Demo

and maint)? Aug-17?

CONo change, new

monitoring requirements

Aug-11 NA NA NA NA

Not Yet Promulgated

NO2/SO2 Secondary

NO2-53 ppb annual, 100 ppb 1 hour, SO2-0.5 ppm 3 hour, 75

ppb 1 hour?

Proposed 8/2011, Final

3/2012?Apr-14? Mar-15? Oct-15? NA

PM2.512 µg/m3 annual, 30

µg/m3 daily?Proposal end

of 2011?Dec-14? Oct-15? Dec-17? Dec-19/24?

Ozone8-hour 0.06-0.07

ppm?Jun-14? Jul-16? Jun-16? Jul-19? Jul-24?

Updated 9/29/2011, Judy Rand

Where do we stand?Pollutant Current Future

Lead Attaining Attainment/Unclassifiable

CO Attaining New Monitors RequiredLikely to Attain

NO2 Attaining New Monitors RequiredLikely to Attain

SO2 Attaining Except for Columbia

NAA for 61 municipalities in 4 counties/Unclassifiable rest of

state

PM2.5 Attaining New NAAQS?

Ozone 0.08 Attaining Likely to Attain

Ozone 0.075 Not Attaining New NAAQS Likely Not Attain

NO2, SO2 Secondary

Attaining Except for Columbia

Same as Primary?

New Jersey 8-Hour Ozone (85 ppb) Nonattainment Areas

12 Northern Counties

9 Southern Counties

Northern NJ-NY-CT NAA

Southern NJ-PA-DE-MD NAA

New Jersey PM2.5 Nonattainment Areas

10 Northern Counties

3 Southern Counties

Attainment Area

Northern NJ-NY-CT NAA

Southern NJ-PA-DE NAA

0.000

0.020

0.040

0.060

0.080

0.100

0.120

0.140

0.160

0.180

0.200

'86-'88

'87-'89

'88-'90

'89-'91

'90-'92

'91-'93

'92-'94

'93-'95

'94-'96

'95-'97

'96-'98

'97-'99

'98-'00

'99-'01

'00-'02

'01-'03

'02-'04

'03-'05

'04-'06

'05-'07

'06-'08

07-'09

08-'10

Ozo

ne

(p

pm

)

Maximum SiteMedian SiteMinimum Site

New Jersey, Ozone Air Quality, 1986 - 2010(Based on 3 year Average of 4th Highest Daily 8-hour Maximum - Design Values)

Health Standard

Ozone-8 hour2011 Design Values*

Northern New Jersey-New York-Connecticut Nonattainment Area

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90Le

onia

Bay

onne

Fle

min

gton

Rut

gers

Uni

vers

ity

Mon

mou

th U

nive

rsity

Che

ster

Ram

apo

Pfiz

er L

ab

CC

NY

/Con

vent

Av

Que

ens

Sus

an W

agne

r

Bab

ylon

Hol

tsvi

lle

Riv

erhe

ad

Whi

te P

lain

s

Dan

bury

Gre

enw

ich

Str

atfo

rd

Wes

tpor

t

Mid

dlet

own

Jam

es S

t/Cris

cuol

o P

ark

Mad

ison

Monitor Site

Ozo

ne

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

pp

b)

85 ppb (1997)75 ppb (2008)60-70 ppb (Potential 2014)

NJ NY CT

* 2011 preliminary data (as of 8/31/11)DV = 3 yr. Avg. of 4th Highest Value

Ozone 8-hour2011 Design Values*

Southern New Jersey-Philadelphia Nonattainment Area

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90F

air

Hill

Bel

lefo

nte

Lum

s

Kill

ens

Lew

es

Sea

ford

Brig

ant

ine

Anc

ora

Sta

te H

osp

tial

Mill

ville

Cla

rksb

oro

Rid

er U

nive

rsity

Co

llie

rs M

ills

Bris

tol

Ne

w G

arde

n

Ch

este

r

No

rris

tow

n

LAB

NE

A

Monitor Site

Ozo

ne

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

pp

b)

MD DE NJ PA

85 ppb (1997)75 ppb (2008)60-70 ppb (Potential 2014)

* 2011 preliminary data (as of 8/31/11)DV = 3 yr. Avg. of 4th Highest Value

PM2.5 Design Value Concentrations in New JerseyAnnual Design Values 1999-2010

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1999-2001 2000-2002 2001-2003 2002-2004 2003-2005 2004-2006 2005-2007 2006-2008 2007-2009 2008-2010

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

μg

/m3)

Median

Maximum Site

Minimum Site

Annual PM2.5 NAAQS = 15.0 μg/m3

PM2.5 Concentrations in New Jersey

Daily Design Values 1999-2010

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1999-2001 2000-2002 2001-2003 2002-2004 2003-2005 2004-2006 2005-2007 2006-2008 2007-2009 2008-2010

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

μg

/m3)

Median Maximum Site Minimum Site

Former Daily PM2.5 NAAQS = 65.0 μg/m3

New Daily PM2.5 NAAQS = 35.0 μg/m3

PM2.5 2010 Annual Design Values

Southern New Jersey-Philadelphia-Wilmington Nonattainment Area

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16B

elle

fon

te,

DE

Lu

ms,

DE

Nw

rk-a

, D

E

ML

K-a

, D

E

Gib

bst

ow

n,

NJ

Pe

nn

sau

ken

, N

J

Bri

sto

l, P

A

Ne

w G

ard

en

, P

A

Ch

est

er,

PA

No

rris

tow

n,

PA

LA

B,

PA

NE

A,

PA

CH

S,

Bro

ad

St.

, P

A

RIT

-F,

PA

FA

B-F

A,

PA

Monitor Site

PM

2.5 C

on

cen

trat

ion

(µ

g/m

3)

15 μg/m3 Annual (1997, 2006)

(3 year average of annual mean)

PM2.5 2010 Daily Design ValuesNorthern New Jersey-New York-Connecticut Nonattainment Area

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Fo

rt L

ee

, N

J

Jers

ey

City

Pri

ma

ry,

NJ

Un

ion

City

, N

J

Tre

nto

n,

NJ

Wa

shin

gto

n C

ross

ing

, N

J

Ne

w B

run

swic

k, N

J

Mo

rris

tow

n,

NJ

Ch

est

er,

NJ

Pa

ters

on

, N

J

Eliz

ab

eth

Tu

rnp

ike

Pri

ma

ry,

NJ

Eliz

ab

eth

Do

wn

tow

n,

NJ

Ra

hw

ay,

NJ

Mo

rris

an

ia,

NY

20

0th

Str

ee

t, N

Y

E.

15

6th

St.

, N

Y

JHS

12

6,

NY

Ce

da

rhu

rst,

NY

JHS

45

, N

Y

PS

19

, N

Y

PS

12

4,

NY

Ne

wb

urg

h,

55

Bro

ad

wa

y, N

Y

Qu

ee

ns

Co

lleg

e,

NY

Po

rt R

ich

mo

nd

, N

Y

Su

san

Wa

gn

er

HS

, N

Y

Ea

st F

arm

ing

da

le/B

ab

ylo

n,

NY

Ma

ma

ron

eck

, N

Y

Ro

ose

velt

Sch

oo

l, C

T

Da

nb

ury

, C

T

No

rwa

lk,

CT

We

stp

ort

, C

T

Jam

es

Str

ee

t, C

T

Sta

te S

tre

et,

CT

Wa

terb

ury

, C

T

Monitor Site

PM

2.5

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

μg

/m3 )

35 μg/m3 Daily (2006)


PM2.5 2010 Daily Design Values

Southern New Jersey-Philadelphia-Wilmington Nonattainment Area

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40B

elle

font

e, D

E

Lum

s, D

E

Nw

rk-a

, DE

MLK

-a, D

E

Gib

bsto

wn,

NJ

Pe

nnsa

uke

n, N

J

Bri

sto

l, P

A

Ne

w G

arde

n,

PA

Ch

este

r, P

A

No

rris

tow

n, P

A

LAB

, P

A

NE

A,

PA

CH

S,

Bro

ad

St.

, P

A

RIT

-F, P

A

FA

B-F

A,

PA

Monitor Site

PM

2.5 C

on

cen

trat

ion

(µ

g/m

3)

35 μg/m3 Daily (2006)


Criteria Pollutant Emission Inventory in Progress

A 2007 Base Emissions Inventory for Modeling

Future Year Projection Inventories 2017, 2020 and 2025

Sources are divided into four man-made sectors and one naturally occurring: – Point-high emissions from one location– Area-emissions spread out, consumer products, paints, gas stations, autobody refinishing, adhesives – Onroad-cars, trucks– Nonroad-construction equipment, airplanes, locomotives, ships, lawn maintenance equipment– Biogenic-naturally occurring, we use EPAs inventory

New Jersey Estimated VOC Emissions 2009Ozone Season Tons Per Day

Point Sources5%

Area Sources49%

On-Road Mobile Sources

20%

Non-Road Mobile Sources

26%

Total Emissions = 610 tpd ozone season (Anthropogenic sources only)Includes actual 2009 point, 2008 Area, and an estimated adjustment factor from MOBILE6 to MOVES

New Jersey Estimated NOx Emissions 2009Ozone Season Tons Per Day


56%


29%

Point Sources10%

Area Sources5%

Total Emissions = 609 tpd ozone seasonIncludes actual 2009 point, 2008 Area, and an estimated adjustment factor from MOBILE6 to MOVES

New Jersey Estimated PM2.5 Emissions 2009Tons Per Year

Point Sources17%

Area Sources55%


12%


16%

Total Emissions = 26,021 tpyIncludes actual 2009 point, 2008 Area, and an estimated adjustment factor from MOBILE6 to MOVES

New Jersey Estimated SO2 Emissions 2009Tons Per Year

Point Sources54%

Area Sources30%


13%


3%

Total Emissions = 27,644 tpyIncludes actual 2009 point, 2008 Area, and an estimated adjustment factor from MOBILE6 to MOVES

New Jersey Estimated CO Emissions 2009Tons Per Year


52%


43%

Point Sources0%

Area Sources5%

Total Emissions = 1,761,773 tpyIncludes actual 2009 point, 2008 Area, and an estimated adjustment factor from MOBILE6 to MOVES

Statewide VOC Emission Trend

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

1990 1996 2002 2009

Ozo

ne

Sea

son

To

ns

per

Day

Point Sources Area Sources On-Road Mobile Sources Non-Road Mobile Sources

Note: 2009 includes actual 2009 point, actual 2008 area and MOBILE6 model for more appropriate comparison to previous years.

Statewide NOx Emission Trend

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

1990 1996 2002 2009

Ozo

ne

Sea

son

To

ns

per

Day

Point Sources Area Sources On-Road Mobile Sources Non-Road Mobile Sources

Note: 2009 includes actual 2009 point, actual 2008 area and MOBILE6 model for more appropriate comparison to previous years.

Statewide PM2.5, SO2 and NH3 Emission Trends

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

2002 2009 2002 2009 2002 2009

PM2.5 SO2 NH3

Em

issi

on

s (t

py

)

Point Sources

Area Sources



Emissions Reported To The Emission Statement Program"Stationary Sources"

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

CO NOx PM-10 PM-2.5 SO2 VOC

To

ns/

Yea

r

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Adopted State Control Measures in the SIPs

NOx•NOx Budget Program•Industrial, Commercial, Institutional Boilers•Glass Manufacturing•Asphalt Production•High Electric Demand Days

Multi-Pollutant•Power Plants (EGUs)•Gasoline IM Program•NJLEV•PSEG-ACO•Refinery Consent Decrees•Waste Incinerators

VOCs•Consumer Products•Paint, Stains and Varnishes•Gas Cans•Degreasing•Autobody Refinishing•Gas Station Vapor Recovery•Adhesives•Large Gasoline Storage Tanks•Cutback and Emulsified Asphalt Usage•Graphic Arts•Stage II Vapor Recovery

PM2.5•Low Sulfur Fuel•Diesel Idling•Diesel IM

Ozone Transport Commission (OTC)Regional Control Strategies

NOx Sources:

Model Rules/MOUs:1. EGU’s (Oil and Gas-fired Boilers)*2. High Electric Demand Day (HEDD)

Turbines*3. New Small Boilers4. Stationary Generators

Draft Model Rules:5. Non-Road Equipment Idling*6. Natural Gas Compressor Stations

Categories Under Review:7. Municipal Waste Incinerators8. Promote Energy Efficiency/

Renewable Energy9. Coal-fired Boilers (EPA)

VOC Sources:

Model Rules/MOUs:1. Large VOC Stationary Storage

Tanks*2. Autobody Refinishing3. Consumer Products4. Architectural/Industrial Coatings

Draft Model Rules:5. Solvent Cleaning

(Industrial/Commercial)6. Paint Thinners (Consumer)

Category Under Review:7. Stage 1 and 2 Vapor Recovery

*Existing NJ Rule Equivalent to Model Already Adopted

Consumer Products(3rd Update)

Existing rule sets limits on the VOC content of several consumer products such as household cleaners, automotive repair cleaners, air fresheners, brake cleaners, adhesives, and hairspray.

Also bans perchlorethylene, methylene chloride, and trichlorethylene in products such as automotive repair products, adhesives and leather care products and paradichlorbenzene in air fresheners and toilet/urinal cleaners .

Based on CARB

The first NJ rule was adopted in November 1995

The USEPA National rule was adopted in September 1998

NJ adopted amendments, effective January 1, 2005, and January 1, 2009

Consumer Products 2010 OTC Model Rule

The following NEW products or product forms will be added to the list of consumer products to be regulated:

– Disinfectants– Sanitizers– Temporary Hair Color (aerosol)

The following EXISTING products or product forms will have new VOC limits:– Construction, Panel and Floor Covering Adhesive– Brake Cleaners– Carburetor of Fuel-injection Air Intake Cleaners– Engine Degreaser (aerosol)– Floor Polishes or Waxes– General Purpose Cleaners– Laundry Starch/Sizing/Fabric Finish– Shaving Gel– Anti-static Product (aerosol)– Oven Cleaners (non-aerosol)– Furniture Maintenance Products (non-aerosol)– Bathroom and Tile Cleaners (non-aerosol)– Nail Polish Removers

Architectural Coatings(2nd Update)

Existing rule sets limits on the VOC content of coatings such as paints, varnishes, stains.

Stationary structures where controls cannot be utilized like in a in factory setting

Based on CARB

The first NJ rule was adopted in November 1989


NJ adopted amendments, effective January 1, 2005

Architectural Coatings 2010 OTC Model Rule

New Categories Lowered Limits Eliminated Categories

Aluminum Roof Bituminous Roof Coatings Antenna Coatings

Basement Specialty Dry Fog Coatings Antifouling Coatings

Concrete/Masonry Sealer Flat Coatings Lacquers, Clear Brushing

Reactive Penetrating Sealer Floor Coatings Lacquers

Stone Consolidant Mastic Texture Coatings Sanding Sealers

Tub and Tile Refinish Nonflat Coatings Varnishes

Waterproofing Membranes Nonflat - High Gloss Coatings Fire Retardant Coatings

Wood Coatings Primers, Sealers, and Undercoaters Flow Coatings

Zinc-Rich Primer Roof Quick Dry Enamels

Conjugated Oil Varnish Rust Preventative Quick Dry Primers, Sealers, and Undercoaters

Reactive Penetrating Stone Sealer

Specialty Primers, Sealers, and Undercoaters

Swimming Pool Repair and Maintenance Coatings

Traffic Marking Temperature Indicator Safety Coatings

Driveway Sealer (Bituminous Pavement Sealer

Waterproofing Sealers

Waterproofing Concrete/Masonry Sealers

Autobody Refinishing(2nd Update)

Existing rule sets standards on paint application methods and equipment cleaning


New Jersey adopted amendments June 2003

New OTC Model Rule based on CARB sets VOC limits on paint

Autobody Refinishing

OTC 2010 Model RuleCoating Type Category Limit (l/gal) Limit (g/l)

Adhesion promoter 4.5 540

Automotive pretreatment coating 5.5 660

Automotive primer 2.1 250

Clear coating 2.1 250

Color coating 3.5 420

Multicolor coating 5.7 680

Other automotive coating type 2.1 250

Single-stage coating 2.8 340

Temporary protective coating 0.5 60

Truck bed liner coating 2.6 310

Underbody coating 3.6 430

Uniform finish coating 4.5 540

Solvents for Cleaning 25

New Small BoilersNew Small Boilers

NOx emission limits on new, small, natural gas-fired, industrial, commercial and institutional (ICI) boilers, steam generators, process heaters, residential boilers and water heaters greater than 75,000 BTUs, up to 5,000,000 BTUs, sold in the adopting state for use in the adopting state.

OTC Draft Model Rules

Draft Model Rules In Progress:

• Solvent Cleaning (Industrial/Commercial)• Cold Cleaning 25 g/l

• Paint Thinners (Consumer Product)• and Multi-purpose solvents 25 g/l

• Natural Gas Compressor Stations• natural gas pipeline compressor large prime movers;

• Non-Road Equipment Idling Restrictions• Adopted in NJ

Air Quality Listservs Air Planning Rules and SIPs:

http://www.state.nj.us/dep/baqp/airrules.html

Emission Statement Program:

http://www.state.nj.us/dep/aqm/es/listserv.htm

Air Quality Permitting:

http://www.nj.gov/dep/aqpp/listserv.html

Diesel Program:

http://www.nj.gov/dep/stopthesoot/sts-listserv.htm

Compliance Advisories:

http://www.state.nj.us/dep/enforcement/listserv.html

Air Quality Notifications:

http://www.enviroflash.info/

Air Quality Planning Update NJDEP Air Quality Planning Judy Rand, PE Environmental Engineer October...

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