Air Pollution in New York City

Jack Lebeau MD

E Global Solutions ndash Anthony Straggi

January 2005

Air Pollution in New York State is concentrated in the area of NYC

CARCINOGENS LISTED IN NRDCS ANALYSIS

Air Toxics (Carcinogens) EPA Benchmark Concentrations(microgm3)

Acetaldehyde045 Benzene012Acrylamide000077 Beryllium000042Acrylonitrile0015 Ethylene dichloride0038 Arsenic000023 Hydrazine00002Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate025 Formaldehyde007713-Butadiene00036 Lead0013Cadmium000056 Methyl chloride056 Carbon tetrachloride0067 Methylene chloride21 Chloroform0043 Nickel00042Chromium0000083 Propylene dichloride0053 13-Dichloropropene0027 Quinoline000029Ethyl acrylate0073 1122-Tetrachloroethane0017Ethylene dibromide00045 112-Trichloroethane0063Ethylene oxide00043 Vinyl chloride0012 Tetrachloroethylene17 Vinylidene chloride002Trichloroethylene059

HIGHEST RISK COUNTIES IN THE STATE

COUNTY New York Kings Bronx Queens Richmond Westchester

RISK 421 320 318 281 195 150

RISK FACTOR AND SOURCE OF TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN NEW YORK COUNTY NY

Air Toxic Risk Source Percentage

13 Butadiene 176 Mobile 70

Formaldehyde 64 MobileArea

5542

Benzene 53 Mobile 70

Chromium 43 AreaMobile

4731

Nickel 20 Area 68

Carbon Tetrachloride 13 Area 100

Mobile Sources Cars trucks buses tractors etcPoint Sources Large factories and other major industrial sourcesArea Sources Small factories dry cleaners gas stations etc

KEY

The US Environmental Protection Agency has developed benchmarks for safe concentrations of toxics in air levels at which one person in one million is at risk of developing cancer Key represents the risk factor for a combination of 31 toxics as a multiple of EPAs safe level (eg darkest shade indicates levels more than 400 times EPAs safe concentrations) See the chart on the next slide for a list of the 31 toxics

Air Pollution in NYCDiesel enginesGasoline EnginesNew Jersey IndustryPort of New YorkAirportsHelicoptersSmokingDry cleaningChemical industries

These include stationary engines like generators and pumps and off-road as well as on-road engines

Everyone in the NY metropolitan area breathes air that fails to meet EPA health standards and many New Yorkers suffer serious health impacts from breathing that dirty air

bull One million people in New York City including 300000 children have been diagnosed with asthma

bull Air pollution from mobile sources like construction equipment contributes to over 90 of the air cancer risk in New York County

bull Nearly 1 in 4 children in east Harlem suffer from asthma the worst rate in the country

bull The costs of asthma hospitalization in New York City totaled more than $242 million in 2000

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

Air Pollution in New York State is concentrated in the area of NYC

CARCINOGENS LISTED IN NRDCS ANALYSIS

Air Toxics (Carcinogens) EPA Benchmark Concentrations(microgm3)

Acetaldehyde045 Benzene012Acrylamide000077 Beryllium000042Acrylonitrile0015 Ethylene dichloride0038 Arsenic000023 Hydrazine00002Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate025 Formaldehyde007713-Butadiene00036 Lead0013Cadmium000056 Methyl chloride056 Carbon tetrachloride0067 Methylene chloride21 Chloroform0043 Nickel00042Chromium0000083 Propylene dichloride0053 13-Dichloropropene0027 Quinoline000029Ethyl acrylate0073 1122-Tetrachloroethane0017Ethylene dibromide00045 112-Trichloroethane0063Ethylene oxide00043 Vinyl chloride0012 Tetrachloroethylene17 Vinylidene chloride002Trichloroethylene059

HIGHEST RISK COUNTIES IN THE STATE

COUNTY New York Kings Bronx Queens Richmond Westchester

RISK 421 320 318 281 195 150

RISK FACTOR AND SOURCE OF TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN NEW YORK COUNTY NY

Air Toxic Risk Source Percentage

13 Butadiene 176 Mobile 70

Formaldehyde 64 MobileArea

5542

Benzene 53 Mobile 70

Chromium 43 AreaMobile

4731

Nickel 20 Area 68

Carbon Tetrachloride 13 Area 100

Mobile Sources Cars trucks buses tractors etcPoint Sources Large factories and other major industrial sourcesArea Sources Small factories dry cleaners gas stations etc

KEY

The US Environmental Protection Agency has developed benchmarks for safe concentrations of toxics in air levels at which one person in one million is at risk of developing cancer Key represents the risk factor for a combination of 31 toxics as a multiple of EPAs safe level (eg darkest shade indicates levels more than 400 times EPAs safe concentrations) See the chart on the next slide for a list of the 31 toxics

Air Pollution in NYCDiesel enginesGasoline EnginesNew Jersey IndustryPort of New YorkAirportsHelicoptersSmokingDry cleaningChemical industries

These include stationary engines like generators and pumps and off-road as well as on-road engines

Everyone in the NY metropolitan area breathes air that fails to meet EPA health standards and many New Yorkers suffer serious health impacts from breathing that dirty air

bull One million people in New York City including 300000 children have been diagnosed with asthma

bull Air pollution from mobile sources like construction equipment contributes to over 90 of the air cancer risk in New York County

bull Nearly 1 in 4 children in east Harlem suffer from asthma the worst rate in the country

bull The costs of asthma hospitalization in New York City totaled more than $242 million in 2000

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

CARCINOGENS LISTED IN NRDCS ANALYSIS

Air Toxics (Carcinogens) EPA Benchmark Concentrations(microgm3)

Acetaldehyde045 Benzene012Acrylamide000077 Beryllium000042Acrylonitrile0015 Ethylene dichloride0038 Arsenic000023 Hydrazine00002Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate025 Formaldehyde007713-Butadiene00036 Lead0013Cadmium000056 Methyl chloride056 Carbon tetrachloride0067 Methylene chloride21 Chloroform0043 Nickel00042Chromium0000083 Propylene dichloride0053 13-Dichloropropene0027 Quinoline000029Ethyl acrylate0073 1122-Tetrachloroethane0017Ethylene dibromide00045 112-Trichloroethane0063Ethylene oxide00043 Vinyl chloride0012 Tetrachloroethylene17 Vinylidene chloride002Trichloroethylene059

HIGHEST RISK COUNTIES IN THE STATE

COUNTY New York Kings Bronx Queens Richmond Westchester

RISK 421 320 318 281 195 150

RISK FACTOR AND SOURCE OF TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN NEW YORK COUNTY NY

Air Toxic Risk Source Percentage

13 Butadiene 176 Mobile 70

Formaldehyde 64 MobileArea

5542

Benzene 53 Mobile 70

Chromium 43 AreaMobile

4731

Nickel 20 Area 68

Carbon Tetrachloride 13 Area 100

Mobile Sources Cars trucks buses tractors etcPoint Sources Large factories and other major industrial sourcesArea Sources Small factories dry cleaners gas stations etc

KEY

The US Environmental Protection Agency has developed benchmarks for safe concentrations of toxics in air levels at which one person in one million is at risk of developing cancer Key represents the risk factor for a combination of 31 toxics as a multiple of EPAs safe level (eg darkest shade indicates levels more than 400 times EPAs safe concentrations) See the chart on the next slide for a list of the 31 toxics

Air Pollution in NYCDiesel enginesGasoline EnginesNew Jersey IndustryPort of New YorkAirportsHelicoptersSmokingDry cleaningChemical industries

These include stationary engines like generators and pumps and off-road as well as on-road engines

Everyone in the NY metropolitan area breathes air that fails to meet EPA health standards and many New Yorkers suffer serious health impacts from breathing that dirty air

bull One million people in New York City including 300000 children have been diagnosed with asthma

bull Air pollution from mobile sources like construction equipment contributes to over 90 of the air cancer risk in New York County

bull Nearly 1 in 4 children in east Harlem suffer from asthma the worst rate in the country

bull The costs of asthma hospitalization in New York City totaled more than $242 million in 2000

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

HIGHEST RISK COUNTIES IN THE STATE

COUNTY New York Kings Bronx Queens Richmond Westchester

RISK 421 320 318 281 195 150

RISK FACTOR AND SOURCE OF TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN NEW YORK COUNTY NY

Air Toxic Risk Source Percentage

13 Butadiene 176 Mobile 70

Formaldehyde 64 MobileArea

5542

Benzene 53 Mobile 70

Chromium 43 AreaMobile

4731

Nickel 20 Area 68

Carbon Tetrachloride 13 Area 100

Mobile Sources Cars trucks buses tractors etcPoint Sources Large factories and other major industrial sourcesArea Sources Small factories dry cleaners gas stations etc

KEY

The US Environmental Protection Agency has developed benchmarks for safe concentrations of toxics in air levels at which one person in one million is at risk of developing cancer Key represents the risk factor for a combination of 31 toxics as a multiple of EPAs safe level (eg darkest shade indicates levels more than 400 times EPAs safe concentrations) See the chart on the next slide for a list of the 31 toxics

Air Pollution in NYCDiesel enginesGasoline EnginesNew Jersey IndustryPort of New YorkAirportsHelicoptersSmokingDry cleaningChemical industries

These include stationary engines like generators and pumps and off-road as well as on-road engines

Everyone in the NY metropolitan area breathes air that fails to meet EPA health standards and many New Yorkers suffer serious health impacts from breathing that dirty air

bull One million people in New York City including 300000 children have been diagnosed with asthma

bull Air pollution from mobile sources like construction equipment contributes to over 90 of the air cancer risk in New York County

bull Nearly 1 in 4 children in east Harlem suffer from asthma the worst rate in the country

bull The costs of asthma hospitalization in New York City totaled more than $242 million in 2000

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

RISK FACTOR AND SOURCE OF TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN NEW YORK COUNTY NY

Air Toxic Risk Source Percentage

13 Butadiene 176 Mobile 70

Formaldehyde 64 MobileArea

5542

Benzene 53 Mobile 70

Chromium 43 AreaMobile

4731

Nickel 20 Area 68

Carbon Tetrachloride 13 Area 100

Mobile Sources Cars trucks buses tractors etcPoint Sources Large factories and other major industrial sourcesArea Sources Small factories dry cleaners gas stations etc

KEY

The US Environmental Protection Agency has developed benchmarks for safe concentrations of toxics in air levels at which one person in one million is at risk of developing cancer Key represents the risk factor for a combination of 31 toxics as a multiple of EPAs safe level (eg darkest shade indicates levels more than 400 times EPAs safe concentrations) See the chart on the next slide for a list of the 31 toxics

Air Pollution in NYCDiesel enginesGasoline EnginesNew Jersey IndustryPort of New YorkAirportsHelicoptersSmokingDry cleaningChemical industries

These include stationary engines like generators and pumps and off-road as well as on-road engines

Everyone in the NY metropolitan area breathes air that fails to meet EPA health standards and many New Yorkers suffer serious health impacts from breathing that dirty air

bull One million people in New York City including 300000 children have been diagnosed with asthma

bull Air pollution from mobile sources like construction equipment contributes to over 90 of the air cancer risk in New York County

bull Nearly 1 in 4 children in east Harlem suffer from asthma the worst rate in the country

bull The costs of asthma hospitalization in New York City totaled more than $242 million in 2000

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

KEY

The US Environmental Protection Agency has developed benchmarks for safe concentrations of toxics in air levels at which one person in one million is at risk of developing cancer Key represents the risk factor for a combination of 31 toxics as a multiple of EPAs safe level (eg darkest shade indicates levels more than 400 times EPAs safe concentrations) See the chart on the next slide for a list of the 31 toxics

Air Pollution in NYCDiesel enginesGasoline EnginesNew Jersey IndustryPort of New YorkAirportsHelicoptersSmokingDry cleaningChemical industries

These include stationary engines like generators and pumps and off-road as well as on-road engines

Everyone in the NY metropolitan area breathes air that fails to meet EPA health standards and many New Yorkers suffer serious health impacts from breathing that dirty air

bull One million people in New York City including 300000 children have been diagnosed with asthma

bull Air pollution from mobile sources like construction equipment contributes to over 90 of the air cancer risk in New York County

bull Nearly 1 in 4 children in east Harlem suffer from asthma the worst rate in the country

bull The costs of asthma hospitalization in New York City totaled more than $242 million in 2000

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

Air Pollution in NYCDiesel enginesGasoline EnginesNew Jersey IndustryPort of New YorkAirportsHelicoptersSmokingDry cleaningChemical industries

These include stationary engines like generators and pumps and off-road as well as on-road engines

Everyone in the NY metropolitan area breathes air that fails to meet EPA health standards and many New Yorkers suffer serious health impacts from breathing that dirty air

bull One million people in New York City including 300000 children have been diagnosed with asthma

bull Air pollution from mobile sources like construction equipment contributes to over 90 of the air cancer risk in New York County

bull Nearly 1 in 4 children in east Harlem suffer from asthma the worst rate in the country

bull The costs of asthma hospitalization in New York City totaled more than $242 million in 2000

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

Everyone in the NY metropolitan area breathes air that fails to meet EPA health standards and many New Yorkers suffer serious health impacts from breathing that dirty air

bull One million people in New York City including 300000 children have been diagnosed with asthma

bull Air pollution from mobile sources like construction equipment contributes to over 90 of the air cancer risk in New York County

bull Nearly 1 in 4 children in east Harlem suffer from asthma the worst rate in the country

bull The costs of asthma hospitalization in New York City totaled more than $242 million in 2000

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

Asthma Hospitalization rates by ZIP Code in NYC for Children Aged 0-14 in the year 2000

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

Perera FP et al Biomarkers in maternal and newborn blood indicate heightened fetal susceptibility to procarcinogenic DNA damage Environmental Health Perspectives Vol

112 pp 1133-1136 (July 2004)

bull In a study of newborns and their mothers in New York City scientists found that developing babies had accumulated a relatively high number of genetic mutations and they linked the mutations to emissions from vehicles and other sources of urban pollution

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

In 1999 nonroad diesel engines like construction equipment in the New York metropolitan area emitted more tons of particulate matter than nonroad vehicles than in any other major US city

1048633 Using clean fuel ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (15 ppm) and tailpipe retrofits can cut pollution from constructionvehicles at City construction sites up to 90

1048633 The technology needed to cut pollution from construction vehicles is increasingly easy to use and as the market grows will become even more cost-effective than it already is today

1048633 Retrofit costs are very low - a few thousand dollars - compared to the acquisition cost of a piece of constructionmachinery which can easily be in the six digits

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

Local Law 77bull Local Law 77 is an effective plan to

improve air quality in New York City and will have many favorable effects on asthma heart attack stroke sudden death cancer in children and adults

bull It will prevent lost work time and the economic damage that results

bull Costs from air pollution related illness and hospitalization will be cut dramatically

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

Similarly Staten Islanders are exposed to air pollutants emitted from nearby Newark Airport and many northeastern New Jersey industries Helicopters in New York City are also a persistent source of air pollution as emissions from helicopters are essentially unregulated

League of Conservation Voters

Think about other sources of air pollution

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation

A comprehensive plan to clean the air is needed It must look at the Port of New York roads airports helicopters and even dry cleaners and other users of chemical toxins Real courage and conviction has curtailed smoking in public places in NYC The Cityrsquos air can be cleaned With clear thinking and planning it will be affordable and save far more than it will cost

A Future We Can Make Real

• Air Pollution in New York City
• PowerPoint Presentation