Presented By: Sonal VIII A

Content• Introduction

• Types of air pollution

• Smog

• Acid rain & effect

• Green house & effect

• Effect on ozone layer

• Causes of air pollution

• preventions

WHAT IS AIR POLLUTION??

• Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.

TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION

• There are several types of air pollution, Mainly Indoor Air Pollution and Out Door Air Pollution. These include smog, acid rain, the green house effect and hole in the ozone layer.

• One type of air pollution is the release of particles into the air.

• Another type of pollution is the release of poisonous gases.

• Smog is a type of large scale outdoor Smog is a type of large scale outdoor pollution. It is caused by chemical pollution. It is caused by chemical reactions between pollutants derived reactions between pollutants derived from different sources.from different sources.

ACID RAIN

It is caused when a pollutant combines with droplets of water in the air.

The effects of acid rain on the environment can be serious

EFFECTS OF ACID RAIN

Acid rain causes acidification of lakes and streams .

It contributes to the damage of trees and many sensitive forest soils.

It accelerates the decay of building materials and paints, including irreplaceable buildings, statues, and sculptures that are part of our nation's cultural heritage.

GREEN HOUSE EFFECT

• It generally comes from the build up of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere.

• Carbon dioxide is produced when fuels are burnt.

• In this type of pollution sun rays go to the atmosphere and they are trapped by green houses gases. So the temperature on the earth raise.

It is another result of air pollution.

Chemicals released by our activities affect the stratosphere.

Release of CFC from heating, aerosol cans , refrigerator equipments remove some of the ozone , causing “ HOLES” .

INDOOR AIR POLLUTIONINDOOR AIR POLLUTION

- It is more dangerous than the outdoor pollution, because we do everything in enclosed environments where air circulation may be restricted.

SOURCES OF INDOOR AIR POLLUTION

-TABACCO SMOKE-COOKING AND HEATING APPLIANCES-VAPORES FROM BUILDING MATERIALS

Stop Smoking or Stop Breathing

CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION

Dust raised on the ground during dust storms.

Stone dust raised by crushing of stones in quarries.

Smoke emitted by vehicles.

Smoke from forest fires.

Smoke raised by burning of coal in powerhouses.

Burning of wood, cow dung cakes, garbage etc.

Germs from coughing and sneezing.

Some individuals are much more sensitive to pollutants than are others.

Air pollution can affect our health in many ways with both short term and long term effects.

Many different chemicals in the air affect the human body in negative ways.

• Older people are highly vulnerable to diseases induced by air pollution.  Those with heart or lung disorders are under additional risk

• Children and infants are also at serious risk.

• Air pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide also have harmful effects on natural ecosystems.  They can kill plants and trees by destroying their leaves, and can kill animals, especially fish in highly polluted rivers.

PREVENTIONS

• Public Transport: Whenever possible, try to travel by public transports. This helps in two ways; prevents air pollution and increases public income. If you are going to a nearby place, go by walking or use a bicycle, instead of using your vehicle. The objective is to minimize the use of fuels as far as possible.

• Alternative Energy Sources: Another effective way to prevent air pollution is to use alternative energy sources such as solar energy, hydroelectric energy, and wind energy. Nowadays, sophisticated technologies such as wind turbine, solar water heaters are introduced to generate electricity and other energy forms for household uses.

• Saving Energy: Saving energy will, of course, help to prevent air pollution. Switch off the lights, fans, air conditioners, televisions, and other appliances, when not in use. You can also share a room with others when the air conditioner or fan is on, instead of switching them on in every room.