Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO 1 Tim Wilkins Environmental...
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Transcript of Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO 1 Tim Wilkins Environmental...
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO1
Tim Wilkins
Environmental Manager
Regional Manager: Monaco, Italy, Greece, Cyprus, Croatia. Israel and Turkey
The International Association of Independent Tanker OwnersThe International Association of Independent Tanker Owners
The Propeller ClubMonaco
24th February 2005
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO2
1. Couple of minutes on INTERTANKO
2. Main Environmental Challenges
2.1 Air Emissions
- Annex VI
- Europe
2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
3. Some thoughts on future issues
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO3
1. INTERTANKO1. INTERTANKO
Representing responsible oil and chemical tanker owners worldwide
Promoting Safer Ships, Cleaner Seas, Free Competition and Effective Regulation
Strict membership criteria based on quality and performance (Class, P&I, PSC)
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO4
1. INTERTANKO1. INTERTANKO
230 (+/-)230 (+/-) Members Members2,200 (+/-) tankers2,200 (+/-) tankers165 million dwt165 million dwt Average age: 11.3 yearsAverage age: 11.3 years
270 (+/-) 270 (+/-) Associate MembersAssociate Members
25 Staff / 8 Consultants25 Staff / 8 Consultants
IMO NGO statusEU representative officePartnership agreement with USCG
London
Oslo
Washington
Singapore
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO5
1. INTERTANKO1. INTERTANKO
14 Committees - 4 Regional Panels
• Safety & Environment• Technical – incldg. Bunkers, IT • Chemicals, Short Sea, Offshore• Insurance & Legal, Documentary• Vetting, WorldScale• Communications and Public Relations
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO6
2.1 Air Emissions – Annex VI2.1 Air Emissions – Annex VI
Enters into Force 19th May 2005
International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate (IAPP)- Existing Ships:IAPP on 1st dry docking after 19/5/05- New Ships: Keel laid after 19/5/05, IAPP on delivery- Surveys: Renewal, intermediate and annual
Basic Coverage:- SOx – Sulphur in fuel
- NOx- Ozone depleting substances (deliberate release)- VOC – Vapour emission control systems- Incinerators- Fuel oil quality
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO7
2.1 Air Emissions – Annex VI2.1 Air Emissions – Annex VI
Regulation 12 - Ozone depleting substances- Halons and CFCs
Regulation 13 – NOx- Large diesel engines (>130kW) ships constructed after 1/1/2000- But not smaller diesel engines: e.g. emergency diesels, lifeboats and boilers
Regulation 15 - VOC- Vapour emission control systems, tankers only and in ports that have implemented and notified IMO
Regulation 16 - Incinerators- Type approval, applicable to incinerators installed after 1/1/2000- Prohibits incineration of certain cargo residues (Annex I, II and III),
Annex IV garbage with heavy metals, PVC, PCBs
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO8
2.1 Air Emissions – Annex VI2.1 Air Emissions – Annex VI
Regulation 14 - Sulphur in marine fuel
Global cap : 4.5% (current avg. 2.7%)
SOx Emission Control Areas (SECAs) : 1.5%
1. Baltic Sea – 19th May 2006
2. North Sea – 2007
Conformity with Regulation 14, see Regulation 18 of course…
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO9
2.1 Air Emissions2.1 Air EmissionsRegulation 18 – Fuel oil quality (ISO8217)
Supplier responsibility - action to be taken against supplier if fuel is off-spec
Licensing of suppliers with list maintained by IMO
Bunker Delivery Note (BDN) & Representative Sample
BDN• Sulphur content & fuel density
• Declaration from supplier that fuel delivered complies with Regulations 14 and 18
• File onboard for 3 years
Sample• Each BDN to be acc. by sample – cross reference BDN with sample reference (label)
• Sealed and signed by supplier & master or officer in charge of bunker operation
• Maintained with ship for no less than 12 months
• Sampled in accordance with MEPC 96(47)
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO10
2.1 Air Emissions – Annex VI2.1 Air Emissions – Annex VIRegulation 18 – Fuel oil quality (ISO8217)
A Guide to Bunkering of Ships for the purposes of Annex VI to MARPOL – INTERTANKO 2004
- Include Annex VI as a clause with details in bunker purchase contract and charter parties
- Update bunkering procedures (ISM key shipboard ops.)
- Training and information to personnel
- Ensure adequate storage facility for samples
- Concise and thorough bunker quantity measurements, calculations and records; this will soon be subject to PSC scrutiny
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO11
2.1 Air Emissions - Europe2.1 Air Emissions - Europe
European Directive 1999/32
• 1.5% Sulphur limit for fuels used in Baltic Area as of 19th May 2006 and North Sea Area as of 2007
• 1.5% Sulphur limit for fuels used by passenger vessels on regular service between EU ports 19th May 2006
• 0.2% Sulphur limit for fuel used by ships at berth in EU ports (Boilers for pump room tankers while in port maybe excluded until 2010)
• Tightened to 0.1% 1st January 2010
• Previous 0.2% requirements since 2000 now implemented
• Ships leaving EU ports up to the 12nm zone – gas oil and diesel
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO12
2.1 Air Emissions - Europe2.1 Air Emissions - Europe
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (LSFO)
Compatibility
Viscosity, lubricity, ignition/combustion
Availability
Low sulphur crudes
Residue desulpherisation
Blending
Storage
Tanks, piping, treatment, service, changeover…
Exhaust Gas Scrubbers…end of pipe solution?
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO13
2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water
International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediment
Friday 13 February 2004
Largest impact on shipping since MARPOL?
Application (2009 EIF)For ships with a ballast water capacity of over 5000 cubic metres:
1) Vessels built before 2012 D-1 until 2016 then D-2
2) Vessels built after 2012 D-2
D-1: Ballast water exchange
D-2: Ballast water performance standard
National and regional legislation already entering into force – USA: 27 Sep. 2004
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO14
2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water
G1 Guidelines for sediment reception facilities
G2 Guidelines for ballast water sampling
G3 Guidelines for compliance by pleasure craft
G4 Ballast water management plan guidelines
G5 Guidelines for ballast water reception facilities
G6 Guidelines for ballast water exchange
G7 Guidelines for risk assessment
G8 Guidelines for approval of ballast water management systems (final draft)
G9 Procedure for approval of active substances (final draft for approval)
G10 Guidelines for approval of prototype ballast water treatment technologies
G11 Guidelines for ballast water exchange design and construction standards
G12 Guidelines on sediment control on ships
G13 Guidelines for additional measures including emergency situations
Implementation – Guidelines:
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO15
2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water
Implementation – Convention:
International Ballast Water Management Certificate (IBWM)
Ballast Water Exchange – Regulation D-1 and B-4: 2016 phase-out
Regulation D-5
- Technical review of treatment options – MEPC 53, July ‘05
New technology – old problems?
- Inspection (Article 9) & Survey (Regulation E-1)
- Operability & Functionality (Reality!)
- Undue delay to ships
Active Substances (Regulation A-1)
Ballast Water Mgt. Plan & Record Book (Regulations B-1 and B-2)
Exemptions – Shuttle tankers, risk assessment
Additional Measures – Regional/National Additions (Section C)
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO16
2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water2.2 Invasive Species in Ballast Water
Newbuilding designs must take into account potential installation of ballast treatment systems in the future
from newbuildings to end of life vessels…
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO17
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?What makes this an issue?
A major issue for environmental and human health reasons
• Human Health• Asbestos• Fire and Explosions
• Environment• Soil Contamination• Marine Pollution
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO18
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
Industry Code of Practice on Ship Recycling
• Industry Working Party on Ship Recycling, 1998
• Instigated first guidance on Hazardous Materials Inventory
• Use of standard recycling contract
• Criteria for declaring a ship ‘Ready for Recycling’
• Certification of yards in terms of worker safety and environmental management
• Minimise hazardous materials on board during operation and on new buildings
• Gas-free all tanks (except those required for final voyage)
• Introduced cradle-to-grave analogy and Green Passport concept
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO19
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
International / UN ReactionBasel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
• Is it applicable to the ship recycling issue?• When is a ship to be considered hazardous waste?• What are the consequences? Control the ‘export’ of ships.
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO20
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
“Hazardous Waste” must be
Liable to spontaneous combustionWhen in contact with water, emit flammable gasesLiberate toxic gases in contact with air or waterLiable to leach hazardous substances after burialExplosiveFlammable LiquidOxidizingPoisonous (Acute)CorrosiveEcotoxicToxic (Delayed or chronic)Flammable solidInfectiousOrganic Peroxides
A “ship” exhibits none of these characteristics so cannot be “hazardous waste”, therefore not subject to the provisions of the Basel Convention
When is a ship to be considered hazardous waste?
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO21
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
International / UN ReactionBasel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
• Is it applicable to the ship recycling issue?• When is a ship to be considered hazardous waste?• What are the consequences? Control the ‘export’ of ships.
• International Labour Organisation (ILO), Guidelines on Safety and Health in Shipbreaking.
• Focuses primarily on occupational risks on land-based workers
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO22
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
International / UN ReactionBasel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
• Is it applicable to the ship recycling issue?• When is a ship to be considered hazardous waste?• What are the consequences? Control the ‘export’ of ships.
• International Labour Organisation (ILO), Guidelines on Safety and Health in Shipbreaking.
• Focuses primarily on occupational risks on land-based workers• International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) Ship Recycling Guidelines
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO23
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
IMO Guidelines on Ship Recycling - Resolution A.962(23)
- Available since March 2004, adopted December 2003
- Based on Industry Code of Practice
- Role of Stakeholders Identified
- Flag State; Ready for Recycling Criteria
- Port State; PSC procedures
- Recycling State; Control of recycling facilities
- Shipping Industry; Code of Practice
- Recycling Industry; ILO Guidelines
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO24
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
The initial list of elements of the IMO Guidelines for which a mandatory scheme may be suitable
1. Recycling FacilitiesLicensed recycling facilities
Ship owners to use only licensed approved facilities
Ship owners to remove material the facility cannot
2. Mandatory reporting scheme
3. Ship Recycling PlanPrepared by the recycling facility
4. Ship Recycling ContractEnsuring key elements of the Guidelines are included
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO25
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
The initial list of elements of the IMO Guidelines for which a mandatory scheme may be suitable
5. Potentially Hazardous MaterialsRestrict use of hazardous substances on new ships
States to minimize hazardous substances in existing ships
Hazardous materials inventory on board when ship sent to recycling facility
Ship owners to mark potentially hazardous materials
6. Green PassportShip builders to provide Green Passport to owner
Ship owners to maintain validity of Green Passport
Ship owner to deliver Green Passport to recycling facility
7. Gas free for Hot Work CertificateShip owner and facility to arrange for certification
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO26
2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?2.3 Ship Recycling – An issue for the future?
Shipping Industry Proactivity
• Follow Guidelines as closely as practicable (HMI, Green Passport, SRP)
• Identify areas of concern
• Notify Associations who can in turn notify IMO
• Pool resources and find solutions (HMI, Green Passport, Gas-free)
• Continue to highlight role of other stakeholders
• Share information on recycling facilities (market to force changes?)
• Green Recycling Facilities? Green recycling is ideally defined as scrapping performed in full accordance with the developed recycling guidelines.
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO27
Industry Code of Practice (1999)
IMO Guidelines (2003)
ILO & Basel Guidelines
Consideration of Mandatory Elements Market Forces
• Shipping Industry• Green Recycling
Ship Recycling becomes a truly GREEN industry in
concept and practice
Shipping Industry Feedback
• Workable• Practical• Objectives Met
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO28
3. Some thoughts for the future3. Some thoughts for the future
• Environment will continue to take centre stage
• Kyoto, Biodiversity, Sustainability
• Mandatory requirements vs. Self regulation
• Political tug-of-war:
• National vs. Regional vs. International
• Political Will vs. Technical/Operational Reality
A responsible, sustainable and respected industry able to influence its own destiny
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO29
thank you for your attention…thank you for your attention…
www.intertanko.comwww.intertanko.com
Air Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship RecyclingAir Emissions, Ballast Water and Ship Recycling
Tim Wilkins INTERTANKO30
Athens Tanker EventAthens Tanker Event10-13 April 200510-13 April 2005
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