Aims cell sorting talk 1
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Transcript of Aims cell sorting talk 1
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Robert SalomonFlow Cytometry Manager/ Senior Scientist
www.flow.garvan.org.au9295 8432 office 9295 8431 lab
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Why do we need Cell sorting ?
Heterogeneous samples provide problems for researchers as the presence of non target cells can affect results
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What is Cell sorting ?
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Methods of Cell Sorting
• Panning • Magnetic bead selection• Laser Capture microdisection• Microfluidics• Flow Cytometry based cell Sorting
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Cell Sorting using Flow Cytometry
Mechanical • Uses a mechanical arm to catch cells of
interest Electrostatic/ Droplet• Electrically charges droplets containing the
cells of interestMicrofluidics
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History of droplet Cell Sorting
1965 1969 1971 1972 1973/4 1977/8
Mark Fulwyer modifies the coulter counter to allow sorting (1965)
Mark Fulwyer and Van Dyller begin using fluorescence detection (1967)
BD releases 1st commercial cell sorter (1973/4)
Beckman Coulter releases Epics (1977/8)
Argon Ion laser introduced – replaced mercury lamp (1972)
Dick Sweet Joins Herzenberg lab (1971)
Nasa funding finishes, NIH funding begins (1969)
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Full Stream Overview
Nozzle Orrifice
Laser intercept/ Signal Generation
Droplet propagation
Droplet breakoff
Droplet defelection
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Full Stream Overview
Nozzle Orifice
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Full Stream Overview
Laser Intercept
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Full Stream Overview
Signal Generation
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Full Stream Overview
Last drop before break off
First break off drop
Satellite drop
Droplet Breakoff
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Full Stream Overview
Droplet Deflection
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Droplet Creation- the heart of electrostatic cell sorting
Instrument ControlsAmplitude = how hard the stream is being vibrated- Defines the distance from nozzle to first drop
Frequency – defines the number of droplets being created per second (usually in the 5- 90 KHz range)
Pressure = user defined – combined with frequency allows user to generate stable droplet formation
Last drop before breakoff
First drop after breakoff
Satellite drop
Merged Satellite
Breakoff point
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream2. Particle triggers detectors
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream2. Particle triggers lasers3. Particle progresses down the stream
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream2. Particle triggers lasers3. Particle progresses down the stream 4. Particle enters last drop before
breakoff
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream2. Particle triggers lasers3. Particle progresses down the stream 4. Particle enters last drop before
breakoff 5. Stream is charged
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream2. Particle triggers lasers3. Particle progresses down the stream 4. Particle enters last drop before
breakoff 5. Stream is charged6. Droplet containing target particle
separates from stream and retains charge
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream2. Particle triggers lasers3. Particle progresses down the stream 4. Particle enters last drop before
breakoff 5. Stream is charged6. Droplet containing target particle
separates from stream and retains charge
7. Stream is earthed
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream2. Particle triggers lasers3. Particle progresses down the stream 4. Particle enters last drop before
breakoff 5. Stream is charged6. Droplet containing target particle
separates from stream and retains charge
7. Stream is earthed8. Charged droplet enters electric field
and is deflected
+++
---
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Sort process 1. Particle enters stream2. Particle triggers lasers3. Particle progresses down the stream 4. Particle enters last drop before
breakoff 5. Stream is charged6. Droplet containing target particle
separates from stream and retains charge
7. Stream is earthed8. Charged droplet enters electric field
and is deflected 9. Particle collected
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Sort process
Its NOT Magic
but a good sort outcome doesn’t happen automatically
Cell Sorting
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Key Criteria for a Successful Sort
Instrument setup
Sample Preparation
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Key Criteria for a Successful Sort
Instrument setup• Nozzle choice – big cells require a bigger nozzle and sorting is slower• Good stable Laser alignment and delay – basic analysis requirement• Drop delay – droplet breakoff needs to remain stable otherwise you
will sort the wrong drop• Collection vessel targeting - especially true for plate sorting • Sort masks - defines purity, recovery and accuracy of stream
trajectory
Sample Preparation
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Key Criteria for a Successful Sort
Instrument setup• Laser alignment and delay • Nozzle choice• Drop delay• Collection vessel targeting• Sort masks
Sample Preparation• Sample must be single cell – sorting doublet gives poor purities• Match the cell concentration to the instrument setup and cell type• Controls are important – Analysis must be correct at time of sorting
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Tips for good purities
• Ensure good sample prep• Always use multiple doublet discrimination gates• Poorly separated populations cause uncertainty in population
discrimination• Try to include both positive and negative selection criteria• The more criteria for selection the better
• Never sort on an unstable stream• Never sort on an unstable Instrument
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Useful Details
•
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Uses for cell Sorting
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Uses for cell Sorting
Cell SortingSee It
Sort It
Analy
sis
Sort
ing
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Contact Details
Rob [email protected]@garvan.org.au9295 8432 office 9295 8431 labwww.flow.garvan.org.au
This presentation: http://www.slideshare.net/Robert_Salomon/aims-cell-sorting-talk-1