AIHA-NCS Developing World Outreach InitiativeMeeting Minutes

Date: June 12th, 2018 (Tuesday)Time: 4:30 pm – 5:30 pm PDT, teleconference call

Attendees: Rich Hirsh, Perry Gottesfeld, Karen Gunderson, Garrett Brown, Ted Zellers, David Zalk

1. Welcome attendees by Chairperson Rich Hirsh

2. Technical Project Updates:

A. Workplace Health Without Borders (WHWB) in collaboration with Aristides Medard (an AIHA international affiliate member sponsored by DWOI) in Tanzania: “Silica Dust Exposure to Stone Crushers – Informal Sector.” Jennifer Galvin and Aristides Medard are leading this project. Rich received an updated status report from Jennifer Galvin: “First, I want to thank you and DWOI for giving “The Team” the opportunity to hopefully make a difference in some workers lives. The team I will describe will all be in Dar es Salaam from June16-23 to work on the project. The Stone Crushers Team: Aristides Medard and myself, co-authors of the grant and experienced industrial hygienists. Steven Verpaele, Pres. of the Belgian Center for Occupational Health (BeCOH), MSc. in silica sampling who is performing our silica analysis at no cost. Egan Galvin, Videographer. He is my son and a recent graduate with a BA in multi-media journalism. This is a broad overview of our week. If organizations are listed, we have commitments from them to meet with us. A big thanks goes to Aristides Medard for making these contacts. Steven also met Dr. Mamuya at ICOH in Dublin recently which benefited our team. Day One: Jet Lag recovery and Planning Day for air sampling, worker workshops, individual responsibilities at various meetings, etc. We want to visit a site this afternoon to get a good idea of what a proper exposure reduction or dust mitigation process might look like. Day Two: Meet with Dr. Simon Mamuya, Department Head, Environmental/Occup. Health, Muhimbili University, his staff and students. Meet the two students committed to helping with the air sampling. I will give a short presentation on Toxicology/Industrial Hygiene. Steven will give a presentation on proper pre/post calibration of pumps, sampling etc. Egan will film this presentation/demonstration for a training video for proper preparation for sampling. My professional society, Society of Toxicology, has committed to give the students free membership for one year (access to their website) and some T-shrits/training material. We will also discuss Mentoring. Day Three: Meet with Mr. Joshua Matiko, Director for Research and Training, OSHA Tanzania and his Executive Director. We will present our project and discuss how best to collaborate on the study. We have committed to providing them the results at the conclusion of the study. We will discuss collaboration on future occupational health training/mentoring. Day Four: Each afternoon on the previous days we will be visiting the THREE sites of the workers and gaining an understanding of their work situation, our logistics and our work staging area. We will have workshops at each location informing the workers of the study, why it is important and asking them to sign a consent form to be in the study. A project video will be made to document our findings and will be used to raise awareness of WHWB’s mission. Day Five/Six/Seven: Our goal is to do some air sampling today. Steven has shipped all pumps, sampling media and calibration equipment to Tanzania. With three sites, our planning and execution will be critical, however, we do not have to do ALL the sampling this week. With students to help him, Aristides is committed to completing this study without our presence. Day Seven: Work during the day, Depart 10:30pm. CONCERN: How we get workers back to hear the results and reinforce proper protection methods. If they don’t work they don’t get paid. We are offering them a small sum for the time they don’t work while at the workshop, but it can not be an inducement to join the study. We have to carefully think about this “return” visit to hear the results and how we contact them since this is a mobile workforce. Medical research and film permits are pending with the Tanzanian government. If you are interested, I can provide copies of these permits. They contain consent forms, respiratory questionnaires,

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workshop information about silica, etc. A big thanks to Kevin Hedges for allowing us to use his Ph.D. thesis which contained the items listed above.”

B. CIVADEP in India: “Investigation into Occupational Health and Safety issues in Coffee Plantations.” Lok Swasthya Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) Trust (LSST) in India: Karen Gunderson is the liaison for this project and will reconnect with Parvathi on the current status of the project.

C. “Mapping Occupational Hazards and Exposures Amongst Home-based Workers in Ahmedabad, India.” Susan Thomas has provided a 3rd progress report for March-April. A final project report will be issued by end of July. Please see Appendix 1 for details. Susan had some kind words for DWOI as follows: “I would like to mention here that we are enjoying working on this project and wish to take it further. We would appreciate your support in the future also. There are very few organizations that work on OHS and the support form DWOI has been very helpful in this initiative which I am sure will help in strengthening the work around OHS of home-based workers.”

3. Training Project Updates: A. Worker’s Assistance Center in the Philippines: “Basic Workshop and Training on OSH in Cavite EPZs Companies

(focused on electronics and semi-conductor industry workers): A Basic Training of Trainers.” The training is planned to be conducted on Sunday, 24th June. The training and subsequent report should be done within this month including photos of the training.

B. Comite’ Fronterizo de Obrer@s – Border Committee of Workers in Mexico: “The Reality of OHS in 4 Mexican Maquiladora Factories in 2018. How Appropriate They Are?” This training was held May 19-20, 2018. A report in Spanish is provided as Appendix 2.

C. CIVADEP in India: “Hazard Mapping Training Program for Garment Workers on Occupational Health and Safety in Bangalore, Karnataka.” The OHS training will be held with garment workers on 24th June, 2018. They will share the report and photographs of the event by 5th July, 2018.

D. Worker’s Initiative in Kolkata, India: “Industrial Worker Training covering several industry sectors focused on electrodes for welding, electrical hazards, chemical hazards and asbestos.” This training workshop was conducted on February 18th in the shipbuilding industry. Details were provided in the DWOI April minutes.

E. LION in Indonesia: “Workplace Hazards – Women Workers – OHS Principles, reproductive health, body/hazard mapping.” This training was conducted on January 8th, 2018. A full report will be forthcoming. Garrett sent LION a reminder.

F. Center for Development and Integration in Vietnam: “Training on mapping and identifying OHS risks at workplaces in the electronics industry in Bac Ninh Province.” This training workshop was recently conducted in the May-June timeframe. Garrett reminded Ha Kim to send report with photos.

New AIHA Micro-Grant Process – Tom Fuller, IAC chair indicated that the AIHA Board has decided to wait until next year to start the micro grants program. Please see the attached e-mail from Larry Sloan for some information and explanation.  Note from Executive Director Larry Sloan: “Due to the lateness in the year of getting the micro-grants process kick-started (and unbudgeted expenses on implementing our massive IT project here on staff), we are going to SKIP this year and start focusing on 2019.  Hence, a call for applicants will be scheduled for late summer.  I would suggest a 6 week window to receive applications – we can promote through our e-newsletters, AIHA web, through Color Councils, etc. Any questions, thoughts – please let me know.  I’ve copied Sue/Ed who are in charge of scheduling open calls. You/micro-grants subcommittee volunteers can work through them on specific language to include in the open call posting. An action item from the AIHA’s May 20th Board meeting was for the international strategy task force to convene

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and agree on a path forward regarding various questions asked of the new charitable micro-grants subcommittee (part of our International Affairs Cmte).  The consensus approach is as follows:

1. We agreed to SKIP the 2018 cycle and NOT award any grants for this calendar year.  The process will then begin this fall with a "Call for Applicants" to be reviewed by the micro-grants subcommittee for the 2019 fiscal / calendar year. We'll plan to broadcast this open-call through various channels, including Color Council updates, AIHA e-newsletters, website, etc.

2. There are no defined $ limits per project; however, we do have a preference that more than one (1) project be considered per year.

3. We will apprise the micro-grants committee of AIHA's budget cycle.  The committee should plan for a call either at the end of a previous calendar year or early in the new year to make its recommendations for the next funding cycle.

4. Based on AIHA's budget cycle, funds are technically available at the beginning of the fiscal/calendar year.  However, disbursement to the approved projects does require formal Board approval first.

5. Funds will be disbursed during the calendar year in which the activities are being conducted.  Projects should be designed on a 12-month cycle and completed within this time (which may not match up against a calendar year time frame).  For some projects, activities may carry over from one year to the next (within the 12 month time frame).  The Board requires all grant recipients provide an update on how the funds are being spend towards the end of a calendar year.”

4. UC Berkeley PH290 course on Global Occupational Health and Safety for Fall 2018 : The course curriculum is set and speakers and dates have been finalized. The minimum quorum of 6 students has been reached but active marketing to increase the registration is underway. Ted Zellers suggested that the course presentations be recorded to build a library of topics and to create reciprocity with the University of Michigan Global OHS course students. We have since identified resources at UC Berkeley and Garrett is exploring logistics to make it happen.

5. NCS Dinner Meeting Fundraiser : Rich inquired with Steve Hemperly, the current AIHA-NCS president as to whether there is an opportunity to have an international themed presentation at an upcoming dinner meeting and conduct a fundraiser at that event. Subsequent to the DWOI meeting, Steve requested the discussion be held with Tim Bormann, the NCS president-elect, and Rich will contact him week of June 18th to discuss options. Karen Gunderson had previously volunteered to present her work on asbestos and OHS training in Indonesia. Karen also volunteered to reach out to Trevor Bausman to inquire about sending out blast emails through AIHA-NCS regarding DWOI project updates.

6. Garrett Brown offered to provide $2500 from the Maquiladora Health and Safety Support Network to fund 5 $500 DWOI training grants. A request has also been sent to David Kahane, a previously generous donor to DWOI, to assist with funding new projects.

7. Professor Ted Zellers indicated that there may be opportunities to have the University of Michigan IH Student Association (UMIHSA) provide additional funding for DWOI technical and/or training projects. (Note: UMIHSA was the 2018 AIHA Student Local Section of the Year Awardee. It raises funds and uses them for good causes. For example, it made a sizable contribution to the Puerto Rico relief effort, and it engages in other humanitarian activities). Ted indicated that he will be participating in the Vietnam OHTA course being held in Hanoi on September 3-18 adjacent to an OHS conference (Sept 10-12).

8. Rich participated in the AIHCE OHTA Stakeholder meeting in Philadelphia and presented on DWOI activities. Rich suggested that there may be an opportunity to help develop a “100” introductory level OHTA course based on the hazard recognition/hazard mapping curricula already developed through LOHP that could be shared with DWOI NGO contacts. Karen agreed to reach out to LOHP to discuss.

9. The next meeting is proposed to be scheduled for July 26th, 2018 at 4:30 -5:30 pm PDT.

10. Meeting adjourned at 5:30 pm11.

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Appendix 1: Mapping Occupational Hazards and Exposures amongst

Home-based Workers in Ahmedabad, India

Progress Report for the month of 15th March to 15th April, 2018

Submitted to

Developing World Outreach Initiative-American Industrial Hygiene Association (DWOI-AIHA)

By

Lok Swasthya SEWA Trust

Chandanivas, Opp. Karnavati Hospital, Nr. Town Hall, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad – 380006Tel: +91 79 2658 0530/ 7263 www.lokswasthyasewatrust.org

SEWA and LSST

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The Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) is a trade union of approximate 1.4 million informal women workers

in India. It has promoted the Lok Swasthya SEWA Trust (LSST) to provide social security services (i.e. health care, child

care, insurance, pension, housing and sanitation) to its members, informal women workers and their families, since

last 12 years. These services have sought to address social security issues for informal women workers at the policy

level through advocacy efforts. The occupational health of informal women workers is one such program, supported

by the LSST since past 12 years and by SEWA since its inception in 1972.

Home-based workers

Home-based workers produce goods or services for the market from within or around their own homes. Some of them

are self-employed and some are sub-contracted. They stitch garments, roll incense sticks, bidis; make kites; and many

more. In urban areas, due to social restrictions around their mobility, many women informal workers subcontract to

small factories, rolling incense sticks or stitching garments in their own home at a piece rate. These women are called

home-based workers (HBW), and they are defined as self-employed in the labour statistics (Alfers et al, 2017).

Today, these workers represent a significant share of urban employment in India, particularly for women. This project

work highlights that homes are workplaces, especially for women workers, and that these women workers do face

various hazards within their work-places which are often their own homes and experience associated risk; and it

makes the case that city governments and urban health practitioners need to be aware of these twin facts in all their

interventions.

Under this Project work:

Target Group: 200 home-based workers in four different sectors (i.e. Garment workers (50), Kite-makers (50), Incense stick rollers (50), bidi makers/rollers (50)). Selection of target group was completed using stratified random sampling technique, to ensure the population groups are divided based on a factor (i.e. home-based work) that may influence the variable that is being measured.

Geographic Locations and Home-based work sectors: 5

Main Sector (Home-based work)

Geographic Location Socio-economic background

Garment workers Qutub Nagar, Saiyadwadi, Vatva-1

Muslim community members with little or no education, most women members are involved in sewing/stitching of clothes, stone fixing on stole/saree

Kite-makers Side & Service area, Danilimda ward

Muslim community members, less-literate, most women members are involved in Kite-making with no fixed- income (mostly, seasonal workers- March to January- about 10 months)

Incense stick rollers Panna Estate, Bapunagar

Most community members are migrants from Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh states of India; most members shifted in search of work opportunities

Bidi makers/rollers Pathan Ni Chali, Saraspur

Community members here are less literate; most members are bidi rollers, incense stick rollers, and street vendors. Some of the community members are migrants from Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh and intra-state migrants.

Goals:

1. To explore the neglected issue of occupational health within the different groups of home-based workers and map

occupational hazards and exposures amongst Home-based Workers.

2. To develop a database for hazard mapping and basic exposure assessment.

3. To improve the knowledge of home-based workers about risk/hazards associated with working conditions /To

identify and prevent workplace conditions likely to cause adverse health outcomes

Objectives:

1. Capacity-building of Community Health Workers (CHWs)

2. To develop occupational hazard database for home-based workers

3. To support on-going advocacy through dissemination of the learning and experiences achieved through this

(project) work, with the officials from the state health system, researchers and institutions working in this field

Progress made in the project work:

Objective Hazard Assessment

Objective assessment of selected four members in each sector was conducted by the CHWs using Objective Hazard

Assessment tool developed to identify potential hazard and associated risk exposure to home-based workers. This

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assessment exercise included observation and noting down all the hazards and associated health risk to home-based

workers. The CHWs were also trained to value the likelihood and severity of the risk associated. The tool developed for

objective assessment, comes from OHS in the formal sector and is an experimental method, here. Total 16 of

members (4 each) from each sector were observed with their prior permission to add learning to our study. Apart

from hazards and risk, the CHWs also observed whether there is any protective equipment being used by the

members whilst at work and anything else that could have an impact on the health of the worker.

Feedback session with Community Health Workers on Objective Assessment

As mentioned above, the Objective Assessment tool developed is experimental and the project team decided to

conduct a feedback session with the community health workers after using the tool. The objective of conducting

feedback session with all four CHWs was to identify major problems in implementing the tool at the community level

and knowing their experiences of using the method of observation as a tool to identify potential hazards and risk faced

by the home-based workers.

Although, method of observing members and noticing each and every potential hazard to which the home-based

worker is exposed in their home which is also their workplace was enjoyed by our CHWs, it took little more time for

them to understand and value the likelihood and severity of risk associated to workers whilst at work. There were no

major problems identified during the implementation of the tool. The CHWs also gave their opinion on how such tools

can be adapted. In their words, “Adapting such tools at community level takes a little more time, but proper training

and support from the team members can make it easier.” They also shared their experiences of their usual work

implementation and experience of conducting subjective as well as objective assessment of home-based workers.

Findings from the Subjective Assessment (Analysis of Survey-Questionnaire)

Data collected through questionnaire forms (Subjective Assessment) mapping the occupational hazards and health

problems associated with each home-based work groups were entered into the database developed to maintain the

record of the data collected. All the data were filtered sector-wise and mean/average of the information on selected

variables was considered for analysis. The finding obtained through the analysis of the data collected is depicted in the

table below.

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“Even though, we were given training on Objective Hazard Assessment, it took really long for me to understand, how to value likelihood and severity of risk associated with hazards among the selected home-based workers. But, as soon I started understanding the method, I quite enjoyed it and while observing kite-maker, I had a feeling that I have designated to be a supervisor. It was really a good learning experience to be a part of objective assessment.”

CHW of LSST, Side & Service, Danilimda

Table 1: Findings from the Subjective Assessment

Location Trade Age-group

Avg. Monthly Income (in INR)

Hazard Exposure Common Health Problems Protective Equipment used

Qutub Nagar, Saiyadwadi, Vatva-1

Garment workers

18 to 50 ~3100 Ergonomic Hazards: lifting objects, prolonged bending/sitting, awkward postures, repetitive movements

Musculo-skeletal/Neuro-muscular problems: backache, shoulder pain, cramps/tingling sensation, Eye problems: strain on eyes, blurred vision, constant fluctuation in vision, Mental Health problems: Stress due to workload, symptoms like no stamina to produce work, feeling of tiredness/tensed or worried all the time

No measures in place

Side & Service area, Danilimda ward

Kite-makers

18 to 60 ~2000 Ergonomic Hazards: lifting objects, prolonged bending/sitting, awkward postures, repetitive movements; Chemical Hazards: Exposure to glue like material, quick fix solution; Biological Hazards: Mosquitoes; Physical Hazards: Heat Psycho-social Hazards: Stress, mental distress

Musculo-skeletal problems: Fatigue, Backache, Shoulder pain, Wrist pain, Knee pain, Elbow pain Neurological symptoms: Dizziness Mental Health problems: Stress due to workload, symptoms like feeling of tiredness, tensed or worried, troubled thinking

No measures in place

Panna Estate, Bapunagar

Incense stick rollers

16 to 60 ~2140 Ergonomic Hazards: Prolonged bending/sitting, awkward posture, Repetition Chemical Hazards: Exposure to chemicals used in the process (smell, odor) Physical Hazards: Heat, Noise, Inadequate light Biological Hazards: Poor sanitation, Mosquitoes

Musculo-skeletal problems: Fatigue, Shoulder pain, Back ache, Knee pain Urinary Tract problems: Burning sensation while urination Mental Health problems: Stress due to workload, symptoms like feeling of tiredness, tensed or worried, no stamina to produce work, lost interest in work, feels daily work is suffering Gastrointestinal problems: Constipation/Indigestion Sleep Disorder: Sleep deprivation/Nocturia Gynaecological problems: Leucorrhoea

Out of 50 members assessed for subjective assessment, five of them were found to be using a cloth material replacing mask, to reduce the chances of inhaling incense ingredients.

Pathan Ni Chali, Saraspur

Bidi makers/rollers

21 to 70 ~1750 Ergonomic Hazards: Prolonged sitting, repetition Exposure to Tobacco

Musculo-skeletal problems: Fatigue, Back ache, Knee pain, Shoulder pain Neuro-muscular problems: Cramps, tingling sensation Eye problems: Blurred vision, redness in eyes Mental Health problems: Stress due to workload, symptoms like no stamina to produce work, feeling of tiredness/tensed or worried all the time, trouble thinking, lost interest in work

No measures in place

Out of 200 members surveyed (50 each sector) for the first assessment, most home-based workers were found to be

between 21 and 40 years of age, except Bidi rollers who were in their late thirties to sixties. For Bidi workers, higher

the age-group, more the number of years spent in the same occupation. Average monthly income varies depending on 8

the piece rate and hours of work. Garment workers earn comparatively higher as most of them are not sub-contracted

and directly deals with the customers. But, their work also demands sitting for long hours of work and dedication and

perfection in stitching dresses. Rest of the three home-based workers is sub-contracted and paid for piece rate. The

table above also depicts the subjective experiences of home-based workers’ exposure to particular hazard and the

common health problems they experience, in their own words. No workers were found to be using any protective

equipment to hazards and prevent accidents and injury whilst at work, except five incense stick rollers who were using

cloth material to cover their face in place of mask. The cloth material used by them was not clean enough and rather

found to be more hazardous by our CHWs.

Subjective Assessment also revealed information on work environment for workers which is their home or verandah of

someone’s house. Most workers work in a single room workspace and do not have separate living/sleeping space. Less

than half of the members surveyed did not have adequate light at workplace. All the respondents had access to hand-

wash facility whilst at work. Respondents in all three sectors except garment work use floors as their sitting

arrangement whereas garment workers use floors and chairs partly, for producing work. These sitting arrangements

are often on uneven floors, lack of sanitation and ventilation in work space, and without any back support and enough

space for them to relax and sit, further increasing exposure to ergonomic, biological and physical hazard and health

risk. Most of the workers took at least two or three breaks per day of work.

From our health check-list prepared to identify common health problems faced by home-based workers, most

respondents also admitted, having experienced general health problems like cold-flu and fever in last calendar year.

Focus Group Discussion as a Participatory Risk Mapping tool for Home-Based Workers

A guideline for Focus Group Discussion is developed with the objectives, a) To validate the information collected

through both subjective and objective assessment, b) To raise awareness amongst workers of the link between work

and ill-health and injury; and 3) To think through with workers, possible interventions to improve health and safety at

work.

Each focus group would include 8 to 10 workers, and would be sectorally specific. All relevant information about the

time, date, location of the focus group as well as participation and who was facilitator and note-taker, with a

translated version of the discussion, with any tables or charts would be replicated in the word document.

These will act as a feedback mechanism as well as a form of health education. Thus data validated will then be

compiled, analysed to assess the occupational hazards and exposure amongst the different categories of home-based

workers described above, which will further add vital empirical information.

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Appendix 2:

Salud y seguridad ocupacional en conexión con

la violencia en base al género en cuatro maquiladoras

Reporte sobre entrenamiento en salud y seguridad ocupacional (DWOI training grant report)

Comité Fronterizo de Obrer@s (CFO), MéxicoMayo 2018

Este es el reporte del Comité Fronterizo de Obrer@s (CFO) que presentamos a The Developing World Outreach Initiative -DWOI- de la Northern California Section of the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) y a la Maquiladora Health & Safety Support Network (MHSSN) sobre el entrenamiento correspondiente al donativo que recibimos para un taller este 2018. ¡Agradecemos a ambos grupos por el donativo y por su solidaridad con el CFO!

El taller se efectuó en la ciudad de Piedras Negras, Coahuila, el 19 de mayo de 2018 en la oficina de nuestra organización. El taller se llamó: Salud y seguridad ocupacional en conexión con la violencia en base al género en cuatro maquiladoras. Los objetivos del mismo fueron: 1) Identificar los peligros o daños a la salud y examinar cómo los mismo se relacionan con la violencia de género en el lugar de trabajo, y 2) Identificar soluciones y acciones posibles a esos problemas.

Por la limitación del presupuesto, diseñamos el taller para un grupo selecto de trabajadoras de cuatro compañías que tienen plantas maquiladoras en Piedras Negras y Ciudad Acuña: Brenamex, Littelfuse, PKC, y Lear. 13 compañeras y un compañero asistieron al taller de un día.

Lo más destacado

Las compañías en general sí propocionan equipo de seguridad a sus trabajadores, pero hay varios ejemplos que demuestran que dicho equipo no es el adecuado (el tipo de cubrebocas es un ejemplo claro). El equipo y las medidas de seguridad apenas cubren las normas míminas.

Muchos gerentes no respetan las reglas de seguridad de las propias compañías. Las reglas las aplican de manera discriminatoria.

En lugar de comisiones mixtas de salud y seguridad, las compañías tienen cuadrillas de trabajadores puestos por la gerencia que desempeñan funciones limitadas como organizar las salidas de turno.

Corroboramos nuestra observación de que los resultados de una encuesta entre trabajadores que el CFO hizo el año pasado y que mostraron porcentajes altos de disponibilidad de equipo y medidas de seguridad no revelaban toda la verdad. El que a los trabajadores se les de algún equipo no significa que el mismo sea adecuado a las operaciones que realizan, ni que las reglas se apliquen en verdad.

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Varios riesgos y problemas de salud ocupacional los consideramos violencia de género porque impactan a las mujeres en mayor medida que a los hombres. La falta de más apoyo a las trabajadoras embarazadas; violencia verbal hacia las mujeres mayores; y bullying hacia trabajadores LGBT son tres ejemplos que se relacionan con la salud y seguridad ocupacional. Esas personas afectadas están en más desventaja que los hombres trabajadores para pedir mejor equipo y medidas de seguridad, y más vulnerables a ser puestos en operaciones que pueden afectar su salud.

Un triunfo reciente en PKC es que la compañía está dando a las trabajadoras en periodo de lactancia permiso para que salgan media hora antes. Antes tenían ese mismo tiempo para extraer leche o alimentar a sus bebé durante el turno. El CFO tiene parte de crédito en esa victoria por el trabajo histórico promoviendo cambios en PKC desde que era Alcoa.

Otros aspectos del taller

Los participantes en el taller identificaron sus preocupaciones en materia de salud y seguridad; dónde se hieren o enferman más; los cambios en el proceso de trabajo. Ver Anexo 1.

A continuación hicimos una lista de equipos y medidas de seguridad con los que cuentan. Ver Anexo 2. Otra parte consistió en identificar los problemas de salud de las participantes mediantes mapeos del cuerpo, de los

peligros y riesgos en la fábrica, y usando la técnica de cartografía. Ver Anexo 3.

Después de las cartografías del cuerpo y de los peligros y riesgos en el trabajo, las participantes hicieron la cartografía de la vida. Mediante ese ejercicio, ellas nombraron de qué manera los problemas de salud y seguridad ocupacional identificados en las cartografías previas están afectando la vida personal de los trabajadores, en particular de las mujeres. La mayoría de las participantes dijeron que han sido afectadas en sus familias, en sus relaciones, y en la convivencia con sus seres queridos ya que muchas veces por el estrés que traen del trabajo llegan a sus casas sin ganas de nada. Ver Anexo 4, e imagen grande de la cartografía al final de este documento.

Las participantes vimos cómo los problemas y riesgos de salud y seguridad ocupacional se vinculan con la violencia de género. Se abundó en los impactos específicos en las mujeres. Ver Anexo 4, e imagen grande de la cartografía al final de este documento. Ver Anexo 4.

Tomamos un tiempo para dar información básica a varias participantes sobre el concepto LGBTI (lesbiana, gay, bisexual, transexual, intersexual) ya que muchxs trabajadorxs desconocen las diferentes categorías de género y

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sexo. Se les enseñó que ninguna persona debe ser discriminada por sus preferencias, y que lo importante es que todxs tienen la misma capacidad de trabajar.

Finalmente las participantes reflexionamos sobre qué acciones se pueden o deberían hacer desde las gerencias; el gobierno y la sociedad civil; lxs trabajadorxs en la fábrica; el CFO; y en lo personal para eliminar o reducir los diferentes problemas abordados en este taller. Ver Anexo 5.

Nota/reflexión post-taller de la Coordinadora del CFO (junio)

¡Este taller del CFO fue un éxito! cumplió con los objetivos que nos trazamos en la propuesta de donativo. El CFO tenemos un largo récord educando y organizando trabajadores alrededor de temas de salud y seguridad

ocupacional, pero en este momento no tenemos los recursos necesarios para diseñar e implementar un proyecto de más estratégico y sostenido.

Nos gustaría tener un fondo para poder dar seguimiento a los resultados y propuestas de este taller de mayo, así como para ampliar nuestro impacto a través de la creación de un proyecto de mediano plazo sobre salud y seguridad ocupacional.

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Anexo 1: Preocupaciones en materia de salud y seguridad

1. ¿Cuáles son las principales preocupaciones en materia de salud y seguridad?

Cuidarnos más checar nuestro cuerpo. Salud y perder el empleo por enfermedades Que al momento de exponer el problema no nos hacen caso en el momento, luego tratan de esquivar la

solución pero al final si se logra el objetivo. Que den los materiales para prevenir los problemas de seguridad. Que no se usan los equipos de seguridad adecuadamente y por eso puede haber accidentes. Hay mucha gente incapacitada porque cuando no se accidentan adentro se accidentan afuera. Que se puede hacer para mejorar los procesos, para no generar enfermedades por los mivimientos repetitivos.

2. ¿Dónde se hieren o se enferman más los trabajadores?

En maquiladora en las posiciones de trabajo. Dentro de la fábrica en costura. Son diferentes lugares y no en todos hay los mismos problemas. En las manos, dedos y/o pies. En el área de pintura. Creo que se dañan más en lo psicológico, emocionalmente; hay mucha discriminación de todas partes:

supervisores, jefes, trabajadores. Por el humo de las soldaduras, ya que se estaña y se solda con cautín o máquina. En la fábrica. En sus trabajos

3. ¿Dónde ha habido cambios en el proceso de trabajo? y ¿Cómo se realiza el trabajo?

Cambios en el trabajo. En costura. No ha habido cambios. Son diferentes y se hacen en equipo En el área de embarazadas hay un poco de mejor trato. La fábrica ya cerro, el único cambio fue que al personal lo dejaron sin trabajo y lo que tenían que hacer nunca

lo hicieron. El proceso es unir el cuerpo de fusible por medio de soldadura hasta que se forma o termina el producto.

4. ¿Cuáles son las preocupaciones que afectan a más personas en el lugar de trabajo’

Las enfermedades. Enfermedades. Que en ocasiones no quieren dar permisos. Que te cambien de área o turno. Presión de trabajo y el trato hacia los empleados. Creo que los permisos y tiempo extra, algunas personas si lo requieren y a otros los obligan a hacerlo aunque

tengan otros compromisos, y los permisos para ir al seguro por problemas de salud no los dan, esto ocasiona que la gente se estrés y enferma más.

El periodo de tiempo que se trabaja es de 12 horas y las enfermedades que se derivan por el exceso de humo y trabajos repetitivos.

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Las personas que piensan en el cuidado de sus hijos mientras ellas trabajan.

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