AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou...
Transcript of AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou...
![Page 1: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
AI Regulatory Challenges
Theodoros EvgeniouProfessor Decision Sciences and Technology Management,[email protected]
[Presentation available on LinkedIn]
![Page 2: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
All previous technologies were at best decision support tools
AI can take increasingly complex decisions
It is essential to align the regulation with key characteristics of the underlying technology (AI).
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 3: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Experience + Learning (Human) Intelligence
Experience for Humans = (Big) Data for Machines
(Big) Data + Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence
Learning is at the Core of Intelligence
Big Data vs Machine Learning vs AI
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 4: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
5 Key AI Challenges for Policy Makers
Challenge 1: “Buying AI” vs “Hiring AI”
Challenge 2: “Values Built in AI” vs “Values Built in Data”
Challenge 3: Managing AI Trade-offs
Challenge 4: Managing Uneven AI Innovation and Adoption
Challenge 5: Playing Catch-up with Rapid Technological Innovation
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 5: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Challenge 1
“Buying AI” vs “Hiring AI”
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 6: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
Challenge 1: “Buying AI” vs “Hiring AI”
![Page 7: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
Challenge 1: “Buying AI” vs “Hiring AI”
![Page 8: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Challenge 2
“Values Built in AI” vs “Values Built in Data”
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 9: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
Challenge 2: “Values Built in AI” vs “Values Built in Data”
Emphasis on “AI based on European values” and call for EU to “export its values across the world.”
European Commission White Paper on AI,February 19, 2020
![Page 10: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Traditional Tech: People Write the Rules/Programs
Computer Output
ComputerData
Output Program
(Adopted from Domingos, 2017)
AI Tech: Machines Write the Rules/Programs
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
DataProgram
![Page 11: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
Challenge 2: “Values Built in AI” vs “Values Built in Data”
AI is the Mirror of Data,Data is the Mirror of the Culture
![Page 12: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Challenge 3
Managing AI Trade-offs
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 13: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
Challenge 3: Managing AI Trade-offs
Balancing:- AI Performance - Explainability (What?)- Fairness (many versions)- Privacy- Security- IP- Incentives- …
“The Price of Values”?
![Page 14: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The “AI Polanyi’s Paradox”?
Machines, like humans, know more than they can tell
Explainable AI?
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 15: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Challenge 4
Managing Uneven AI Innovation and Adoption
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 16: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
Challenge 4: Managing Uneven AI Innovation and Adoption
AI Sticky Factors:- Data- Skills- Culture- Context
![Page 17: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 18: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Challenge 5
Playing Catch-up with Rapid Technological Innovation
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 19: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
Challenge 5: Playing Catch-up with Rapid Technological Innovation
Federated Learning
Privacy Preserving AI
Quantum Computing
Small Data Learning
Encryption and AI
Adversarial Attacks
30%!
Multi-Task Learning
![Page 20: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
…AI requires a Holistic Approach…
…hence a (Urgent) Need for Interdisciplinary Work…
There is a Lot to Do...
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 21: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Data Engineering and Quality Management
Machine Learning and Analytics
Project Management
IT infrastructure and Management
Organizational Change
Industry Transformation
Regulation
Principles and Philosophy (e.g., Ethics)
A Final Key Message: AI requires a Holistic Approach
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 22: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
5 Key AI Challenges for Policy Makers
Challenge 1: “Buying AI” vs “Hiring AI”
Challenge 2: “Values Built in AI” vs “Values Built in Data”
Challenge 3: Managing AI Trade-offs
Challenge 4: Managing Uneven AI Innovation and Adoption
Challenge 5: Playing Catch-up with Rapid Technological Innovation
© T. Evgeniou, INSEAD
![Page 23: AI Regulatory Challenges - OECD...2020/02/26 · AI Regulatory Challenges Theodoros Evgeniou Professor Decision Sciences and Technology Management, INSEAD theodoros.evgeniou@insead.edu](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081615/5fe0f589ab4a5f2d5a5180f4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
AsiaEurope Middle East| |
Theodoros EvgeniouProfessor Decision Sciences and Technology Management,[email protected]
[Presentation available on LinkedIn]