aguide to ielts

8/7/2019 aguide to ielts

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CHAPTEFI 1AJlO,UT 'THE ~rEST

THE INTERNATIONAL ENGI JSU bANGlfAGETasrt k~"(~SYSTEM

(fELTS)l~itI7,iUl ~I J~UI ~,~I ~l&.iJII

The [EL T S test h as twu forms: tile Academ ic 1.C~1'lorm odu lc) and the general trail ning lcsI. or 111000Ie), Themoi.l:ule IL hal you take depends 0 n 'he reason that you aretaking it [or, ~ n general, the academi c med ulc is for thosepeople who are ~Ii}~ng 1 0 gain en try onto L.!I . I 'K~,el l ' :grddll iate orpostgradnase edueati on COU[SlesOf fo r professi ona ~reasons.The genera] train in g m od ule is for those pecpl e \\' he wi sh wj oin so m ekinds of vocational lIT training course s, secondarys1::huols; orror immigrati on p urposcs,'f'~ _J-7:i~')rlj ~IU~' .;I_r.; ~I ,. IH L TS )~ ...., ; _ ) A ..,jk..~~~I~~I L J .- -. .. .c ~pJl ~ ..~ r"'9;', j ': ?~I } ~i" ' :" i~

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gi ven gcn i:,:n1 I top ic_ Th js wou 1d test G eneral Trainingcan drdates to . see I f they could give .L I ! 'I work rc l oL l 'cdpresen tation" to fellow work colleagues an J wuul d . testA eademic camlidates , F th e 'j ~ a n !: , ' ]'VI . ; ; .;1 I i un E' 1 ,1E :rs ity stylep rc sc ru atirrn ' L u [c llu v.~llulenL.;, ,! L e s t , ) .whether candidates

ha v t: : the E1 1 1is1 11an g u a ge ca pa hi1ity m p e r fo rrn th es etasksunder Sorne k] nd of pressure,r

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choosIng from a beading bank to identify paragraphs or

part s of the tex 10:.,1: il,lC . ~ L J .'" ~ ~ul _p , ~I.l.;., ~.J~ _;'~~

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Identification of infurmaticn in the text - yes/no/not given

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THE ACADEMIC WRITING TEST

. .. C \ . . - i : . l ! :'UI' d , , 1 l i . : : & J 11'l_Ji'; ~ I~~ .. !I J. II

*** *** ***

Texts are taken from magazines" journals, books andnewspapers, Texts are for a ILundergraduate or postgraduatereadership

but assumeno specialist knowledge of

th esubject. AJt reading: passage topics will be of generalacademic interest. At least one text will contain a logicalargument. One text may include a diagram. graph orillusnarien, lf there arc any words or terms of a specialisttechnical nature, which c andidates would not be. expected tobmw, then a short glossarywill be provided.~ ~ I ,ll ,_-"', U ~ -" _(-:, '1.... .1 ' I' . _ , \...l~ :L H """""JI ~ iJ --.C ~ u~ WI~I IJA ;_.II--,~.'l~LkJ\L} I .,t! ,'-.I; , I 11 .... L' ,,' ~ ,. ..' . . : :J\. ~ _1;"i;41,.}""'1 ~ _, ..1];1 t!114U1 "-=.U"'~'l.l ~~ ,L J - '= ' ~ .~ J h wb .J

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minute in order to prepare for his talk and is provided withsome paper and a pencil in order to make some bri e f nOles .After the candidate's talk the examiner w in ask J or 1 briefquestions in order to fini sh off the sect ion . (1 - 4 minutes)

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. .J~'-j' ~.oQ e _ P .J I I ~r;;;:J.+iU:i~ ~"':'~

THE ACADEMIC SPEAKIN'G TEST

~'~IL&m c : t . : 1 : L U 11L . h J

HIe lEL TS academic speaking testis the same for both theacademi c and general ' training mudules, The test isconducted with 1 examiner and 1 candidate. The academicspeaking test Is recorded. The academic speaking test isdivided into]; sections.

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Section], :,

In this section the examiner will ask some more questions.generally related to the subject spok enabout in section 2 ..

These questions wi 11be more demanding and require somecritical analysis on the part of the candidate. (4 - .sminutes);;--..,,3~ ~IJ, ~J~&.:L....c. 4.h . . . , \i)k ~ L.6 J1 ~ \ J~ ~I I~ ~

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Section I ~

This section begins with some general introductoryquestions. This is followed by some questions on personalinfbrmation similar to the type of questions one would askwhen meeting someone for the fi rst time. Finally theexaminer asks a series 0 f questi ons of .2 topics of generalinterest (4 - 5 minutes)

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This section is a mono logue (I person speaking) by thecandidate. The examiner w']II gi ve the candidate a card witha subject and a few guiding questions on it. The studentmust talk for 1 In 2 minutes on this subject. The examinerdecides 0]] [he exact length. The student has an optional ]

10


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T'ME,ACAD'EMIC LISTENING T'E,ST

~la~UI el .J JW U I I 4 J 6 . 1

TIle TELTS academic Iistening test is the same for the:academic and the general training modules, The candidateswill listen to a tape and answer aseries of questions. Thetape will be played anee only. The I istening test is in foursections with 10 questions in each (ie: a total of 40questions) and W]11 last Forabout )0 minutes with an extra10 minutes at the end. to transfer answers to the answersheet.

t"". 1~ -r6 J1 , ~ ~lS .~ 1 [.ELTSLj_;iJ-'' ;. ,J ~~ tL .:: :. . . .: 1 ~ ~ ~ ~~} tt~~l ~.]I ,~, ~.~. ~~ u,,:';!,~ f: ~ ~~~ . ~:'L.~,ili.,JII~ .s 'r~~~J ~. t 1~~l .) (--i..l LL~~J' .~ !.~~_, ~ Y" ~,~l~ .1 . . ,3 0 ~.!..J.~J (;Jl_ y. .4 0 ~1~~~)~.1.. j 10 ~ . ..;yr'; ~

. ~4 - - " ' : )I ~'_H ~JJ..:JljL~."i~ ~ __h~':":"'.ll:yl~ ~ ~L!~ 10 U~~A variety of question types is used in the Iistening testQuesticns types that you will see 'win usually come From thefol lowing l is t:

multiple choice

short an swer

sentence completion

notes/diagram/flow chart completion

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sentence curnp letion1101 es/sumrnary/di agram/flnw c ban complcn on

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. .d,:!j.~"" ? ; , rI 4.ill4 2~_? '1\ c : = -BAND 2: lntcrrnlttcnl user no real communication ispossible except for the most basic information using isolatedwords or shun sentences infamiliar situations an d to meetimmediate needs. He/She has great difficulty understanding

spuken and written english.~ 4;J,l t",~ ) / '* ' - '" i lI~ ~ (2 ) ~y ~ ~ :.:_:......Jfk-:~~W\ ~JL~I ~ '; i! ~ ~.J~ I~ ~~, .)=- Jolt.; .yP} t_bir, ..

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.BA1\~DI: Non user essentially has no ab H ity to usc thelanguagebcyu11d possibly a few isolated words.~___;JJ.'I. . ,1 . :6 .r . _ _ _ _ , j l t_. _Jo lt ! . .. :. : I( I ), : ; .l :. , ', ~~,_).l'. _,_..~- ~ " L A ~

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1- Become fami l iarwith the test as curly as pnssihle .

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.t lk i . . . : . . J12- The skills being tested in the lE L IS take .3 period of tune

to build up.._ji_S ~_j ~! IELTS ....: 'l/"::"II~..'i '(~~I ul)"Ii-JI ~~-2. . . . ..

' . '" ' , . , " ~ .1.~3- C ram ming is notan effective s tu dy te ch niqL J~.

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4- Use your study L imeefficiently -Study when you em :

fresh and, after you have planned a timetable. make surethat you .k eep toit.

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5~ Set goals and ensure that you have adequate breaks ..YlS. ~ , , ;: j J I.:} , - ,~ .2= . .G~i ,- ',.


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8- Be very clear on Lhe order o reach section, its lengtll andthe s.pec~fic question types. There arc many resources

available to he lp you practice these skills.t ~ t .~,~ A~ :s

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.f::l~ ~\j,!,_;.~J\_,w L::_ :iJl ~) ~)..;yJ1&t 4~..;:,9- Raving a study partner or a srudy group is an excellent

idea. Other students may raise issues that you may not

have considered. ~~~ i. ~_. ~' .j j.l ,.:;. .,~. ,,;' . \ .4 , ~.w ,. -\.c , ,"\~ I . l : : : :o .,.l.li.Jl. . . . . . .-9

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~1~ > ~ )~,: : .A r ' : .~yi ~f~~ ._ i l l - , ~ ~ .4.c.,~ 1 \10- Seck help from teachers, friends and native English

speakers . ~ ".. t_ - ." :{i4 . il \\ ', "~ ~ , " j! ;.l!~Y~j ~~,j.l:.Jl ~.lf : . ' . . , . ; . .a~ '-10"'~I '4fi

11- It; s.important to exercise, em" rest and sleep wellduring the week in which yO'Llwill take f~hetest.

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12- Leave nothing to chance. If )"OU do not know bow to'. . . .

get to the test center, try going there ai, a similar time oneor two weeks before the real test ~

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J]URL~G TH E :TEST

J 18Vt 3. good breakfast. Y ou w ill have severedhours 0 rconcentration ahead of you and you will need food anddrink in the morninz. Y ou m ay even want to bring m ore= ~ ~

food or' a snacl .. with you, especially 1 f your speaking test isat a later time that day. You cannot however, take food ordrink into the exam room. If possible. wear a watch t i l caseyuu cannot sec th e clod; in the exam room. It is e~semial

that you keep track of time. , .1~ r ~ ,~JI ~". r~, , '1 . '1 ~ I , ,~. ~ I' ~I , I-~l:~-'~ P J-' Y i...J~ ....... ) .1C ,~ LJl,~ ~, ~ .I~,I _J~; -' ~'I..!.l

_,\ 4~t:i~ _~ ~ ~J ~~ ~~J cWI '- .; -j , ~ , -= . .(~J f '1~_)~~~ jL _ p,J .:u .:& .J A ' ~..!;~, ).:,,::...l~'LS l~~, wb ,d.:. .. ., ~ 4;1 ', !L ~ L _~._'I 1 ~ li '. \ ... 'I.-.~l L: ~ 'J ...~,_"'l _. t'. 1..~ ~ ... ,'- , r , ~1 -, L t 1 - - ~I'~ o \. C.u ,. J. .I' ':i~u.=. ,'_;~I"l' :;l ~ J .! .J l :l ....: ... . . . .: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~._)~~1- ~ . )~ , ""iI ij _ _ ; i : .9]Ve yourself plenty of t im e toget ttl L 1 1 etest center. Youw in be rcqui red toeoruplete a registration lorm and to show'your passport before you enter the examinarion mom so youmust arrive at the: time speci f cd hy your test center, ~r youare curly ..you could go for a walk, if you arc: late. you \V1 i~not be allowed 10 enter. Avoid (he added tension 0 ['ha 'ling

Most students at the lest wi ll fee 1 LlcrVOU~. This is quitenonnill. In fact. it c an a ctu ally be quite helpful ] 1 1 terms ofmolhration. It may make you alert and help you to locus,The aim is fo r ),OllJ, to try to perform at yo LU "optimum level.

In c,ooLrast high levels o r anxiety can affect a student'spcrforrnanct: .

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~ 'I I ,- , . . . , , ._ . .a . ;__. . ' . . ! :; ;LII . . ;? . . ! , : :_~? . . , J

~ ~. ~I I" l '"". ' -=1 ,r i ~ ~ " '> ;I1 . ._; , r. _ ,1 -1'" - I '. ~~.J .. ~_.Y' I~) ._)~::. ~I..ill y~~, ..JJI~ ~1 ~-'I P~ .:J~~J "b9,('" ~.c. i II~ e .:;'IJ~r~ ~d I~~, ~k -" ' j : . : .AdiJ ,~lL J' ,.; ~~J ,-,,~?- u .- - { .,~ w_ jlLc ~ ~ ~b . . : i .d -, 1Jk. jfo _ _ ; 2 ~

~'l1J\~l.:l >_; ~~ ~ l, L F _ ; .J l )~ L ,_ . ; 'JThe exami nation room should he suitable fo r testin g, that is . .._the lighting, venti lation and lempe:ramrc should he

appropriate. T f you arc uncomfortable because of any ofthese factors or if there is some other problem, such as notbeing able to hear th e recording of the Listening Modu le,make sure: you ask the person in charge to do some! h ingabout if. For example, you may ask LOchange seats.ii.:JI ~ _~JI ~ I - ~J\ ~ ," ' ~ - ... rL . '.. ,,_ I M-" t ! -" ' "

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*** *** ***

*** *** **""

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F~na) Hint:IELTS has been accepted as the standard international testsystem for English language proficiency by awhole range0 1rins! irutions. These include themajority of all educationestablishments operating in Engli sh rn Australia. Canada.thrUK and New Zealand. US educational institutions areabo [lOW starting to use it. Many international immigrationservices also use the fELTS as well as various professionalorgeni zati oris inc luding the British and Australian MedicalCouncils and the UK Ministry of Defense,

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HINTS ABOUT THE READING TE,ST

" , 1 , J i I tJ~1 Jv ~~j CI~

GENERAL HINTS

i:icbiJI.~ J ' iFLu~ cilb:l.Ua

! f'hc academic reading module rakes 60 minutes ..ai~:i, 60 ;;.l.J~.].ts.)t~0.; ; .1_.:ii ' ,j :~-;J~

Answer the questions quickly and accurately. If you can't doa question quickly, leave it and ccme back tu it later.

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You have roughly one and 3 half minutes lo r each question .

. J l _ ) MJS ~ ~~6,..~,(4;._:i:)~j~.J ~~

The questions do not test you know ledge of English, bu tyour ability to use your Eng! ish. The exam 1s testi ngv....hcther you can use your English to Iind your way around awritten English [ext. ....--~

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~lJ.swer all questi on s, There is no negative markin g formcorrect answers.

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V _ .l\

III

The reading test is considered by many lo be the mostdifficult part of lEtTS. You have to read J lung sections,each with multiple paragraphs. and answer 40 questions (1:lto. 14 per section). Unlike the I istening test, no extra Limei~given at the end to transfer your answers [0 the answersheet. Time can be a major constraint since you only havean hour to finish the test.

' :EI :T~._) . l#>\.. \~ \ ~ , f o . f 3 " ". . .I~~:';:,i ~\ ~,.~ .~l~:!~ ~ ~..h oJ_~ ~4. . i . J. . . . . .~ ~ l_l;,u:!~IJ~ ~ ~~ ) ~ _ , .< ,~ ,J.$ JP ']I_;......14-.13) \ I I_ ; . . .40 o= 4 " 7 4 - , / 1 .5 1;1 ,.. ~u _ .. J' ~ ~~4-.)'1Jjj ~L.::a) wJ wi f'~, )' (r',~ JI t ~~~~~..,.,~ h"ii~~IJ ~L ~b .,~,~ ~.k. ~_~I 0A~' ~:: .1.~~~~1

lili.... r~ .,_ ), s UA

11,e key to doing well in this pan is practice. Readnewspapers, magazines an d books. Try and improve your

reading skills and speed. Practice answering many similarreading tests.

i _; ll . ~ _ ). l. :I l10 jt_;'i; " .n.y.~ I ~1 11 .~ ,~ L :.~1 ~. . . . .. ; :; . .~L:....;:J~_;h J . . : , : J1. .l:ic.J-""".'1. ~I~I ,~ ..&:iI,_, IT ' "L.~ J ~I.. : :; . .~I s b)~1 J L ;-: " ..J!

.~W, ;)..:,1;1'wI) .'~.; ~~ ~~l,~ J: : . .>~ J~_ ::::JII _ ~ ~

The most important thing to 1 mderstand is that [he test docsnot assess your comprehension o rthe paragraphs . It doesnot test how well you have understood the passage, It testsspecific skills called scanning an d skimming, _

.ul~ ~ wi_),'..J ~ _}.ii.. ~) .';.:,'}I L,Ji,,.,j~ U' I l : :o-~1 tJ .aCLo~W' ,.:J_)~.~'b.~ul_)~,,~.,~cJ,;\ -,< I.J~ ~ ~I~ Y-"

:--a:.'\::""".:11)

~Scanning is w hat one dces.fcr exam ple!when looking for aphone number in a directory. You know the specificin fo rm atio n y ouare looking for and you go dOVl1 the pagt'quickly to find it This technique is used when answering

2 5 1

questions such as multiple-choice and matching. You scanm epassage to quickly find tbc information mentioned in thequestion. Once yo u find it, you get the answer from the

passage ~nd.write i.. ~ a~inst the que~ ion ... ' ~ ~ .~ . 1 '~. ~~ f!',)~) v-,jili .;illJj.b , . ;w e . ~ f"_jLl W " y - = L . . .I L O4 .. ;k :- ~ _~ ~~J"J't] L).:1lH :.::'~'!~ .~''''':-'~\ ~_,k..J\ u_y. . : i, . :_ut i !h _L i\ sJ 1 ~ ~.l.l.1~~ )0":1'1 11 ', ._ y l~ ~ ~ ";J I.:U c ~~ _ y L . . , \ . nIlA_; .4 . fHJ. ._."j

-. ',. r.B. t_ w~ 't.~..u ~..DW~t.::: .Jlj~ L A _ I~ ~ Il ,'w~, -" : '1~l,... ,. ic'~I~.r'- ... ~ .~ ~~?., 'riO ~ -JJ..-.:i .J ~~-' ,Jly.J1 ~~ ~ .J\ ~).1J . . . .= : i ~ ~ _ ,. .~";!-JJ.~

.~Q u..J! ~ ~ lePS:: '" .~I,y. ~l;.. '1 '~L:::d. .li :.J.~.~!........''_____' --~

Skinmring refers to reading a paragraph quickly to get anidea of what it is about, without trying to understand itsdetails, T his technique is part of the initial reading (sebelow). It can. be modified (reading a little slower) 10 answer"provide headings. ror the paragraphs", "In which paragraph

does this information appear in the text'll! and "Author'sviews" tvpe o rquestions... . I

(!(';3~1 :;,~~, O~j~ .. --,~;foD~I,_)~! 'Ci~C'h,""",..J~~.J~jYi ~~~_;-il1~ < ,:-? - ~ . u . a_ ) J~~~_j .1~"~.41 _,b ~J ': \ :~~1 .& ;,,'I_ }~ . ui..S )'s)r; u~~1 ~ ~'p.l ,~ $...: -J .(~ ~~I)1 . ~ . . . . u , l i . J '~\:!_,\...1J,1 ,:..~; ~ : .~ ~, ~..ll...}~r~~ ~ ~ (~

ii' -. ~ ~ I ::;.; .H, .~ ~fo W.:l_J'J:'fo 9 1 ~


15/60

names.

As soon as you find an answer, write i t against The questnall the question paper. It is not always a good idea tonn~wering questions in the order in which they are asked,

jA _1 : ~~ )yl :u~ ~ U '~I , . .L . : i4-.1 '~--l4 -~_2 _ ~ ~~) ~"Jl ;u _)J ~ '.,;:,.: }.JJ ~ Y ~ ~~:n ~_k ~ ul - ~ ,

~ .(d_,l I ~ I~ c . ~ ':,'j ~E j" ,

Read the instructionsfor each questi orr very care fully, H lquestion specifies that you m U S Lnot use more than thrwords in your answer, stick to three words.

"j " J1l..J, ~ ~ t:::~.Jy~ _)~"il ,~Ui ~~ J .S ": ':~ ....:i i .. J. J. l; ~~ "~_,~~ ~ 4 - -)rl ~ ~ ~~ for ;' ,- ~ -

The toughest questions arc the True/False/Not given anYeslNolf\ ot given ones, Practice doing these quesri ons t~'you are confident. Make sure you do not answer 'I rue/Palsfor a Yes/No question and vice versa. Such an answer wilbe considered wrong and fetch no marks.

:~ ~~..: ~ ~t.;;.~~.l::..J ~ ~ ~I ~~r~ ;,;..-' ~L~:I'I ~, - ]i ~ (~ 'w _)_c : :~ uJo:..,i:....1.1;i"O'r~-I (~L _).,.< ::.. , .. d : :_ / "1....... ..".. ~... ~.~~~ ..... ". ~r~',~, ~,'\ ", d~ _. I ,'I. f _,,, ..~ ~ - ~ ....." ~u~ "1-, __k. \0 -. .: :; .J . ..~~~_jo.o'iI.!...;::..f'-.:~~~ '~~"I.:l~''-'''' ~_)

,.:A'-:l1~j~ C :lI ~) wL;'~l ~ ~t ~i :wt-='4)"~ .:_~ j ~~ ~ , '.~b_)41L J S .. . ~ ~ ~ ~ . I'~.itI, ;~I ~; (' ~l;.. i ,",,'

it '''. ~... ~I~ ~..,. ~........ ~ I.!r '-.;..~_-----__ -

Do not get stuck on anyone question. If you can't get th3nswer, rnrrve on. You can always come back later.

4.S_jlI.~ ~..Jl~'"il."'....~.j 'J w;c; \~'.a j~ J 'I t. .... ,~~'~~il..1~.~ .5 . 1;., . , . . . . . . :: : I , . . _ __ .r ~ ~ ~ 11 ~ __11 t 'I .1-


16/60

*** *** ***How 1" 0approaeh summary eompletlon questions 'f: ~kn;h.H d J .a ..s .:i ~ \ ~~ I.:U :I ~

U sefu] hints ::

Check the instructions to find the word limit. H is usuallynne ,I two or threewords - alway-s 'keep thi sin mind ..

3 -1 0. :fo :. ~ , ~ '~ _ , .~l~ l .*s~;~" uL JS.l1 ~~ U_p - : : J~J ,;j,~I~dH\_)~f_..Jb .b~\ ~~ .::u L"':';'L.JS

Also check if you can use a word l phrase more than once.,: 0y LJ. .afoi cj~ ) ~ f'b:i.:i. ; l \,~Ii.,. ~'.o\l j~ ~~lL~ ~i ~t;

,\Vork out the grammar needed to fill. in each space,

.t~yJ' 1 .+ -# ~~l ~~~ >~.' !""I~l~ .?t -;~li1i ~foU se co 1 1ocation ofw ords andideas where possible to predictthe answer and then check the text.

j,~4)'~ _j l; '" ~ ~. lC .L . . . . : J_~..ill~ u'! .5 .,~!- J ! . :S ! i_ ,wL.JS:o.k. f'~\.~I~~~y,.J

Try 1: 0 predict the answer by giving your OVYTI word, It iseasier to match yow' own word than an empty space ..w e .I '~' . .. f; j ~~' ~~. ~ 1..::Jl .~.1..)l.J!.fJ ' t'~'il'l; ~b. " 1 ~~.I J..- _ jJ ~J.Jb~) .~ 'lAc ,~ J lJ-a ~ ~ , ., : ,: '. .. . .J S ~4 1~ ~ ~ ,_ ; LJ 4.9.: l \P ~l.J.5

..;.! ,~'I,~....,..!. (_ .. .Y"" ~

The more aware you are of the gl:neral idea of the rex t, thecloser your answer will be .

.:\J~~}\ ,> . ,tu 4 ~ L ... lS ~ , ~ : t. ..W ! ~ 6 Alll ._c. _ .. . .k ~ L . J 5 .. . ..., .p ....... . ... """ .'..:> J.;.,:r-

If yOLl are asked to complete with up to three words, try tolhlnk 0[,3 general word .

.~ ~ ~ )' 4 J S jl ~fo ,.l::.,1_,l1(1 fill ~ wws.] ?~';" j ~ ,,) ~I".~ Ij)Look at the text and match your words with words In lhcp ; t 1 , S s a g e .

.~~ iiiJ ..fI'- . ... : .. . J1ul . . ..\< lI y.: .L .J S ~ ~,~,.,"l


17/60

3- Decide which sect; orr 0 r the text the summary covers..~\.n ~, ~ ~~I . u _ , w ;L#: : . . ! !~-Y.JI ..:h

4- Read the summary, referring to th e Iist of words eachtime you reach a gap. Select one or more possiblewords from the list tofill each gnp. Reject any words

that do not fi t grammatically, even ifthe meaningseems correct. Confirm your choice by refe r ring 10 therelevant sections of the text.~ ~Lt.l_)Ji~ J..J ,~ ,; ~""I ~I u~1 LJ1j~\jJ ~~I Ijl.t! _ ;J Jl ~~ _ ,i~I~ o~1JUS fol .t I~ J S .~J ' d~,;'~l.S 0l_J~WI .l.a:.\~ ~ LP tl-,~~~ ~ '14...J:;,t# l ~

~)'1, 1~i ,jl y .,.=..)L~I , 1. '; '; '1 ~ ,u .. :S b ( ."I> ....... ~c-Ill"t..;: ........, . ' -" ' ! ~ ,,-J----;;-". J~ 1o",."F- ".+ I...r.~

5- Read your completed summary quickly to check that i t

makes sense.~ ~ 4 ..iiL Y.!S .b n,4 .1 t'< -; 'ld ~ ~ ~~! . .5_;=. . i l~_)A ~I ;'_)I

~ ,.~

*** *** ***

34

Hln'" to handle matching he'adillgs to paragraphs, ?

= 1l'.I!.;Wlo u 1 . J c .~",~i t"" ~~I ~:iJc.Tedmi.qlJe '1; anaf.yz~ the grammar and vocabulary inl.he headings :

: ut;AJ1 .;}I SJ,*,J.AlI.:JI\J~\.J ~1 ~I..,i J:b..-;~ J'.J~l ~_;l:ll

Distingu.ish between the two types of words used:information sped fie [0 th e paragraph and organizing words.

b : ;; .,; \ "'IC- u~ J-~. w \.. .J S. " .. . l! ;J ~). . ; ,",Jl wt.JS.l1@ ,.s- ~ ~ i ,~~ L .# _ _ . - . - .~ -~ " I~' -... ,,_~~-.I',--z::::; .. I. h': ~. r .: .; ~iI- . - . ,. ~i a . :"

,~~\.l_J ~_y.... ,; - W.A!.::o_J

O r ga ulz i. ng w o rd slike plural countable words art: common,c.g, C,iJ.USCS~ reason, advantages! drawbacks" difficulties,responses, problems, effects, solutions, factors, dangers, etc.Learn to recognize how these are expressed in a next . Beaware of similar words.

~i ~, I...::'A.JS ~ ~ _,W'~ '6,_.;.il~)5.!\'1 ~ f>''; ';,,rl ~I' uL.JS.H

: _j~_~ -, ~~I-. ~I~~.H - '~I,yJl- ~I.::iiI~-'-;J'~"J.111.. &. . . ,~~). ~~~~ Jk'11- ~ ' _ ,. ,J ' -J_,bJ,l - )~':lI-l:;j~l- ~':ll

. . . . ::. ,:L .,. .JS .... ..I~~ W ~J ~wl "'~Il J = . . L : .~_j u'~t;;:I,'&.-. ; ~I: ...r- ~ ~ '.. ~ b f""" :; 11:"75

A paragraph can be organized aIOlU1d uncountable words:~etc. It can be organized around countable singular

nouns where the paragraph is describing nne item: acomparison, impact! development, etc.

III ;W!I . 4 . .. .J s . ~,.l.Jl ~1j _.. '*4L . JSr"J J.? iifii _) _,~ j) ~I ~~ .;jlJ ~,~ ~ p~ JJ~ 01 - . : s . . . uJ1~.5 ,:u..~\. :: .l ..J S ~lJl , J # -,J

(~_L,~,t;!,C:;:~;r 'r~" '" -" '1 -, ..1'1 I _,~.":r-"~- ~l.J - ~ _)'~ : (_ ! .l :. Q ~JI !C '_ :.u! ~ ~ '. .: l. ~

. ~ .':il ~ . 't~ l I - l' ~.- I ~ ...." I 'I '" - ~ ',~i',~"p~.t:'..~~ L6 . :u : :. '~ ' 4 - J ! ~


18/60

A heading that looks specific could be a heading forparagraph

describingjust one detail,

J_ , l :: ii :. ~~~fl~~ J~ -tj~ ~ 1. . j : :J ,w~~~~ _ ;S .; ~) ~ ~ j..- . - .~~l . 1 :=!Ju. . . . . : . . ,

CllCCKfor headingswith adjectives, w hl c hqualify nouns.

"'- ~~l i b< l~~ '~L Q.....,J~~ ~..;-; ..,~ ~~~ 1 _ ,L k J ~ ~ ~ \

Make sure the heading covers all aspects of the paragraph .

.~p\ .ujllli L..JS~ ~~"wll~}~ . t ;_l:;

Headings can have two pieces of in formationwhere one isreferring back to the previous paragraph .

.,)~~.l~ .~~ sjwI ~ ~. .!Q . ; ~~dW ~. ~. d_,iJir.5~~ L J ~ . ~ ~- - - --= -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - ~.. ~Adv311.ced tenhnlqae : :"" Q,~ ~foExpand [he heading into a sentence . .This might make themeani ng dearer.

~~.u ~ ~ ~j ~.:.d.. ~ ~) ~l_.LlSd--4-~ ul,~~l.r;r J_,l . : : ..(~LWI 3pI ~~ ~ " ,[ I: m ~ . ~J J ~ ~~

Wilen you check, avoid looking at the detail ~ as it can makeyou change your mind,

~ .. l .3'~":i t~li:l!'..) J....~~~ ~ .:~li.J~ ~~jilli L J.c ~ ~ ~--==- ~i ~

- r- ts _ ) ,f"-

If 2 1 paragraph T s difficult: use the various skimmingtechniques focusing on text developmenr. Always look. Fo rchange of direction in a .text,

~~~ ~ ~

Teclmiq ue .2:search fur eonnecunns between beadings: "" -.I~t . : i1 . l .~ ." LI d, ~ J~"i -..11 _ LJ,ill~ .tL .LtlI't,.J;iJ ~. !oiI'.'~ """ ~

_jf1i:! b;r~ _j,_)_j:;\ H..... .'L1 r~' L,J" .1 .f'~1 ~4~1 ~~,~ts.\~ j.l::~ ~ ~j ~~J",",,",":! ill) ~~ d d c .. ;: :. j ~ ,:r f~b -~J.J .~l

.(~Jiill j~ I~l~ L.e~ bS-~Headings are usual Iy connected. with each other,

~\ \ It ;-,....u- w. _ , t 1 J L bD. u'.. - t . . . .;~!LC.u . . ... 'I.. .o~ . - 'S.kin:l each paragraph in turn and then decide very quickly'rvhat i s . it about, M ake yourown heading in 3 couple 0 rw ord s. Theil loo kat t he I i: :aofheadings and match.

~~ Ii L J \ie ~_j . + c - ~ .,: ,~ ~ ~ ~~.l;::,. ~. Il7:fjiJL~ ~~J.5. c~.dl~' ~. - O J . .~~~i w,,:!J l~ iWu ~~I.....: ~J'U ~ . .J fi .J S .:.= l . :U! ; . .

~A sf ii [J : lldc~Tecl1nique :

J- Read the first paragraph fo r which you have to find a

heading, Remember that you are reading to find ou t the:main idea of the paragraph .. Concentrate on the mainidea or focus of the paragraph and try not tuhedistracted by details or byunfamiliar vocabulary"

0L ~ .lL~ .;Sidl_',LgJ Ll~ ~ s , _ ;. "L; - " ~ _:l.b. :i~. J J i ;_:..i~~Jk.J :;y:illl.~.~)~ S _ ; - S . Q J I~j-S_j .. 1 i _ ;- ii ll ~ ~ ; ~

.J~l !db _ _;ki~ J\~.:Jl ~u:sll ~ P9~4- Cl1oose- t h e .heading fwmtbe Iisi which best sums up

3 6 37


19/60

the main po int of the paragraph you have just read, Ifyou can't choose between two headings. gu on to thenext paragraph. You can come back lO that questionlater, But don't forget to make a choice he fore the endof the test because i r you leave a blank or you havemarked two answers on your answer sheet, you will begraded as incorrect for that question.1 ,~ , ~.t I ~ ( ' .I' I ~ ,I ". . . I, 1 _ :~ , L. -+ ! ~ Y' 0 ~ ~ ~ ! . j . . J . . j ,jA j :0 ~ ~i.l.'IJl :./;...... ~~I

~I ~I. JI ' : . . . . . . . J . ' Id k J l~.'W'I~ 'c, I ) t_ :: i~ .) r l ,~ \ ~ .. : . . . . .1 S'~I,~\.;: J' ,;-' -.L ~~.....J'::-7'". ~ ~- 11

"1fi.~ ~ ~1 J 'I_ _ :.u .J 1 ~ ~ ~ .. : ..~'I ,(~/b';!'!_' ,.i~ LS~I J ly. . . J ' 1~,'i ~j.J ,_)~,~J w'o,,,;,,..!!w s _ . . J I~1~ ~ ji.,:~.. B )~';':i ,) ~:;; - '! I!: ' \ 1 t. ,- ,t -,',~ ~ I ',.~ ~ ., 1 ~ . 1 f , t- l -, ~ I""""":':'"_)~Y ...r- ~ ...,...~....,~ """:"'1 ~ J j ":1-11. . :1 .'I.C I jl' ~ y ,j.

----- - . ,------------ " ~'. II . '- ' ) -- " -l .. !

s- Repeat the same steps with the other similar questi OU};.uu~:;" .L .1 . , . J ' ,~~l ,1(' ~ w\L.: II,,~ .. '". r. "e":' w.;:..._ ~ ~J.P

~Some Advice :: : ~~I ~

]- Look 1I1waYRfor the most general heading, This may bethe first paragraph or the conclusion.

~~I ~ o ' j , jl . . ,Q }~i#1 ~~ . ~'_1-= fo~'1 ~~~. .JI .' iC t.:..Jb ,~ I;; -.,.:....__ _ ~ _ N

.~LJ! (i_.t tt-2- Always do exercises with headings first as the

headings summarize the text. They help you to .scan the

answers to the other questions..~ __k. ~ ,- L..._j

....r--- lj- . -

J- ] f the] ist of headings is long. reveal them one at a timeto stop panicking,

'. I ~.... -;:;~ ~ " l _, . : . J : lIJ..::,..J4lj.li .~_,l= ~ jl...u J1 U ti 6J1.S.'~ J- ~ - - - - - - - - - - -. ~l::j ,Y 1"- - .~

3 8

EI(lwt .i) apprnach (Yes -No - Not given) questions?'i ' (~_ ;,:i;. -"i -~) ~\ ~ i J . . a lL J \ l _ . , iI J s

] hl t 'I' ii~ ~.-:..L.~Use{ll, .m s : . - ~The principles are the same as for true. false. not given. Tinstype of question is used 10 analyze tile claims or opinions 0 ra~mter .. ~, ~ ~i ~ (_)~ - "i.-,~) :~I ~ ~ l-~

~ " I' ,11. . -11 L' ( C. ,.' < i l' )~" . .. . t ." , J.L!:..;";,,,jI, b.o:: c;. "_J.JI ,. !.110 ' '.~ ~ ~ -,~... ..:::o.- " ..~ .. .,. ........ L._...;. ,J!~... ~ ~ "-."".~ , . _~II 1,(" I lri.!~\\ l ,n

.~ ~~~) .~.~ ~I_)~I

Qm,stions can contain statements which pass a judgment onor evaluate a situation which is described in L J 1 etext.

~ I . . 11' 'I. i _ ,, .. ! 'r " I. j.. '::t' ~.n ~ ~ 1 .C __ \' -~.J.-' '...~ ~ ...... ~_)~ wU~ ~ ~,j;1 :;,~.J. ~I -"

--=;a I , ; ;; . ; , -~ q l ~ . , . _ . .~ 1 i.~_)~~~= = -

Check always for adverbs in the question Likenever: al ways ,freqnc nt1 y~careful! y, etc. .n ev er " a lw a y s,freqUently) ~ d.....J ~ .;~ ~I, ~.lJ_};f',.;

.~u.....: : JJ2~ ~I ,1. . .iarefullv..c: : = tj ..

Tile following is, 3 sultabte technique : b . ..,_ W i .~i J. ,J .. a ~ ,I.... l.~.J!I! .."....'" ~ - "'"' ~~ ..

1~ Read th e instructions carefully, Note that yon arc askedto' identify the w riter's opinion,which m ay notnecessarily be the same as the t~1CtS. Note also thedifference between the three categories you have 1 :0use:~j~\$ll ( . ' )~ . l : : . . . J~1&y~.uib':r_, .~~,~~Il_::,\~ .. .:1 1l4 ,,:r::t:J~6l . \ l1 . : :J ~ , .i c LJ ,~ ,~t\ J Ib S. ~ ''') ~li.::.Jl .'';C-' "',~' . .1

~ .... ~ .- ~ ~ II;_.,I~ .::;-;;;=-~.._~~~:-~ ~ ~~ . ~ ,l 'i :i i. ,: ]- ,. '"":-'" ",,~..) '-'

Yes This agrees with the wri ter's opinionsJ.s.B e.1 ,i t-? ,,~ ,1 :: . ~

...... ",.~ II I

! ! ! !F W d " h .N o T he statem ent. c ontralets t . e wrrter.~1S .1 ' ~ .\ }~~'2 'I~ "d '

Not Given The writer (tD6i'7ilngiWarropinicfnon this

39


20/60

point. .JW,l1 =~ J.?,~I?.~,al ~I.S ..II _)_...s~ ~~2- Skim through all of the sl:aternentslo get ill] idea of the

ropics you wi 1 1be searching f O Tin your reading of th etext,1-&CQ-,~ ii.U! ~g~~,~1S.l1 ~i_),y. ~17_,.r-.11 ~I J~)jSl

.~1 : i i~ I_}~1 . . t i10 1 ' ; 'I).'''!~''3~ Read the first statement again more carefully. Note the

m ain point or opinion givenin the s ta tement.iejL ~lj~~~_p.i~,~4,.lc, ~I ~~ ~ J) Ij~

-e-, ~ "1#~.l}y1~

4- Skim the text for the section which refers to that idea. Ifyou come across information relating to otherstatem ents, put n m arkbeside th e section so that youcan find it quickly again later,L..~, -':';L~~ P J ;~ ,/4) ~I ~~ J_jl~ 9'::J1 ~\ i,;-ilj . . . . 5 J . ) 1t~ ~'''' ,'''' 'd) . s ->-! i : . . i~I J 'L :r- ~ .,:;~ ,))_ ) l 5 . 9 J~,wu1..~

~ lA 1 11t, ~ JI ,T, . ," :~( :.u J . . . ,1 , ~14 u.l \_J ~ ... ~~ "fir... .J ~ -- '-;-._.... .J5- Once you have found the appropriate section of the

text, read more carefully. Decide i fthe statement agreeswith the view of the author (mark Yes on your answersheet) ur disagrees with the author (mark No on youransv ..er sheet), 1 f the author doesn't giVI: an opinionwhich agrees or disagrees with the statement (hen markN ot G iven on vo ur a nsw er sh eet.,, ..{JI_).-.JI ~ &l,li.;.) ~i l :JH~1.l.J1 ~ j:,:JI ~~ ~ 0 1.l,~,}~.aJ . :U"i"i (~ :fo~) ~ _, . J I.;1J t" "3 1j!j ~_fi.i!1L.J\S lJl L, ,j.:b,"I_j-'ll;; fo H o : : w t .J~ ~ 1 , _ ), !j .L : : .: :1 ~~'LS.!I~i J l ,{ "1 :fo~) "\.;i.;t'"

.(.)_;;~.Y.P;fo") _~)1 j.i 4i91yJ~6- Repeat the same steps with the other similar questions .

.:L!'u1I.:ii.,WI :\~='.1l l I ~c" }I..Itt:!;4 0

Trd,tniqnel - analyzing Ul,e statements:: ~, ~ - ~iil 4. iJ . . . . . . J=j1

If you read the statements in sequence, yon call sometimessee where the 'information moves frnm relating to oneparagraph to the next paragraph. Practice reading this typeof statement without the text to see the development.

~ ~ ~ o.!j_ ,ll ~Lc.J~1 J ~.J ~ H. '~\_,;.:J~~I ul J 3 \~ l~~ .:!it-r.d_j ~ ~,J.::J .~_"1'11 'il~..iiJ1~l ~fo

II ~ ,-"-;--1':: '".' ..;..~I_~ L J ..Q ~ IA -. ....r~.dJ~ -

Turn the statement into a questi on. You then have [0 answeryes/no. ifyou can't, the answer is not given.

L~ c Jw ~,'1 } ~, k~ 4k 'J .~~'J\ J_!lI~1''' J~ ~j ~" u., : : . . (_ ; ', ' ~ ., . ,_ !C~ ) ~!\=':li:h '2~lj,y ~,-e;:'J~ .. ~

Find the central or focal point of the statement. Imagine youarc reading the: statement aloud -where is the likelystress inth e se ntence?

.J, _E w~ c)~1 i_. :~~I Jp.,J.l.~4le?J~ ~..WW'I s~

Lank fo r words that arc negati vel e.g, ignore, refuse, deny jreject or words that are positive like cover, help, like, favor, ~, ,

etc. . , ~ /~ ~ I. ignore, refuse: deny,).. 1" . , I ..d .a . . J Iw ~ ~LJS11 ,J:- ~I

0cover,hd,p. like, favor: "_...J , -: . ~ w'_.JSJlj~iiect" .4 .J , , ';1IJI J~ Jl :k. 1..-0' Jc. dj~'~ I~

~ ie . U Ii ., J--_ ; ...r- ~--

4 1


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Technique 2- predictillg and checldng :

: . ~ .lS U ll_ Je~ ! ~ -~m 4. . i . . . J__; .b l1When you are thin king about the statement, use commonsense to predict the answer. Check YOUT prediction in thetext

i.:_w:i.jl'._..;.c..~u_)l!_; i~l;..)'~~_~~ L~JNi"~1 ,.;U~l ~ fo L~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ,~ - .- -

. .L.~I . . .r ~ ~L a . _ ! )When you find the informati 011, analvze the text withoutthinking about the statement. This will stop you gettingconfused. Then read the statement carefully, look at the textand decide.

.J :q ".J I ~ ,.) .__:l ; , .~,n~uJ ~~ Jb. , .u : 'i l. .j .J ~~ .a . .a -'I ' . ...j l.~~ .-\j ~ t d I. ~ ! j.,""1 ~ .- ~ . .I 'I .l... _ - -

J.l.......l.. p - - - - - : ; ,~t_;~] o.s-') .J-d-Ilj u~ .iI~\ _fl r" j ~~ t-i....~L~

.~L;..~

When you are making your decision, follow the process ofreading the statement, then the text,,~I ';.~~_j -~~~_ft4_)b~' }jiJl 31~l ~

U you read the statement, the text and then the statementagain.youmay get the wrong a n s v, ,; e :r . .

)~ ~} J-"I W~~ ~,-~l ,w1._ . r i,r J.a~j~ wi_) ~~}:u..b'._;J14. . .J ' ; . : : , .~ i"

~

*** *** ***

Hm\' tooapproach multlpte chotce qucsti~n S ? . _ .~ ..: ii'_~ ~ h'i."i " ~.lii\ ~ , J . .~ l . . . : i J loi\#

",. . I .':.'L,~:,IU.!hu~U sel'nl hints :

in S01nl: cases. there may be five alternatives rather thanfour. I r there are five alternatives, you may have L O 'choose011.e 'or mor~S. ~-.... ,d.51~!J@-~ ..."~.. ' ~\_)_.~ ~-;... L;~ ~j~l'~ ~.~

.fo~ il.::..I J -'.4,\ )Jh~ ~. ~ . : a S .u1j~ ~ ~~ivtllltiple-c .oiee qu~sLl0ns rest specific detail where you arcasked to analyzeone part of a text, c ..g. a fact.

o . ,1"l....~1 ~ ~ L~ S.:l~ ~'.i: ~ Y ) ~ . ~ L . : . . ; J I .. : u l . .. ,I, #.._fo~ - - ~

. ~ 5 @ 2f~ '~al.~vw=d~~ . :~A multiple-choi cc question can test your understanding 0 rth e whole text, c. g. a question at the en d about the purposeof the passage or'i th possible tltles 'Orsummaries, .,II i : . . . . . l -;f...J:,) ,T ':: ." ~ .).l..!L J.,: ~ _ )~ '1 1J~_}o .o l_ : - . ' ~ ' - "~I ~:1~j~~D~ u'_ ;.,j\ ~ ~~:) _ ,i ~ \ ' : "~~_J-=" _ ; -p . I

- __ :1\ 1- "' 1I' - 1'--~, ,.~~i.JAj ~~ J~'L'a=tl

Stun read a n the questions for the passage to gei1Ke generalpicture,

~ '" - I~..:;, ~~ "1.1 . .p=.o : L o : . 1 J : ; .:ifo li'....!J ~ ~ _flfocus on content words like nouns. names, verbs, etc. andalso w ords that qualify LhE:part of the sentence. Distinguishbetween the general topic of the passage and specific

F;cHnningwords. . -.' ." I ~r'.1 ': _ "'1 . ~ .i.". - i I.:'"!~ , . < . , [ -U . .. .J~Yi_J ~l p .. 'L.. J _ J~~'il ..~ (.5~ ._I ... I....J~ ~ ,T.-.~ .w, ' ~_ ij __ _ ;: '~ ,~ . ~\ ",.Q I..~;


22/60

~ ~ r.jl,:;fo I.JI~' ~ ~ ~~i~ Jj"j_L:.Ul..S.I:l,~I _fi.~~--~ ~.~L .. 'I "I ~I .. ... . r L

.~~~":;-"~I

Keeping in mind the genera] picture of t11C passage. read thealternatives and predict the answer. Scan the passage tolocate the answer and check your prediction.~ ~_j ~ C : ~ : " Dl! ~~I~.I ~ ...~I J,~." ~ '_ '1 I . . . , i ,4 . . . . : . ' u . . J ' 1Jj\~1 i.....~\~ ~.;lhJI, ~1~'!\ ' :_ \L, .~l ." J~i .~ ~W~ t~--,LA.H ~_.:' ;~ ,

.~.l J _ ...:a _ .f U ~~l..:When you are checki ng your prediction with the text. readthe relevant part of the text and look away from the pagewhen you are thinking,~, ~~ ~~ [~ ~ .J+ \1 ~_;!I ~~I . . ;a- . i ( ; - '"~l cl . . . . . . : : .j \....; A_ j)1... .:Uc

..fo ~j J a s) . : ;21~! ~ )') ';u4J J '1W 11 en y ou predict the answer by matching the stem with analternative, think about which information logically fitstogether. Keep in mind. the logic of the other questions and

the passage.fo .J.il~).l:r.. .:!o.).?,",,~1~ _ . J : S . H~u__:lL., ~ J = ,L;; ~4 ~ I ;u,..;- J,)W ~~)'I ~ ~, J -W -J I ~,'.kl ~, ~ s ~lA ~ ~II I....LGj'I ~. .',. -~ ~~ _ ...:I -~ - '.'_ .' ..' .... ~ - .~.(~ ~I "",_I~, ~ ~~ ,-) ~, ~ " 'W ' J ),oI~.biH~J r.S_ ; : : . .::ill

Read the answers to the multiple-choice:questions you havedone. Check that they form a logical picture,:)J~ ~ ~ ~\ ~ .JS.i.:JJ.~.:y. );-'i.)ll~i ~ ,~li.::;..!i)1

r .~~. ." I"'~.;ud~

Do not answer the questions in isolationfOnJ1each other..a'.. };ll ~ ~ J~ J1 , :


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~-

.I ~tl,~.J1~ ~i "-'I._ , . I . :t . :i . ! l a . .~. ,,(!I' ~!! .. _ _ -.; _ ~ -~

Il:sefuJ hints. : . bJ.JiiL~~ ""1~ '.r _~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

M ake sure you s kim th e w ho le tu ble /I ln we ha rt/d ia ara rn to~ .get the overall meaning.

~.Jc. ~ ~~'4 ,D ~ ~)~ . J i~~_,.:J.H)'1 ~'.!l'~ JJ~~ ~~~ ~ J5, ; ' . . : ;

.ur~J~1Check the grammar of the table/diagram, i.e. is iL in notefrom?

~-'~ ~ J,AL';~l r-" _: . l l_ , iJ_J~'I . .".~I~);. 'j. J, ~ ? J l1 ~ ,_ ,m~J).~I.l:.,;:,.::LJ1;,j~l J~~

The chart is usually in columns with headings. Check thetypes of words. of the other items in each colunm,w ' . . . . J S J it~ ~.: ,. :s ;i .. J .._]..l JJ_) U\J "6 .. :. .. = ; . ~aj . . . . : :crW ,1_, . . i l lu __ rS j ~ ~.!J~

.:l UiZ., . JS..~ o .l ~: . . J ' -.,; - ~ ....TI-.f1f you have a wordli , ,1 , follow the same procedure as forsummaries. Witb diagrams find a reference point and workslowly round the diagram.

.~L . . ..6J .J~~J,,~l~ -Ui ,_ ...:m ~ .L~I L ', ~i .LILJs, ~Ij ~. : : J :ts 1-'1!, .. . \ .. '---- '..? ~.J""""' _,.......~.. .., LJ ~...

,,~~ ~ J ~ ~ w e-~\ w i ~ '~4J'1r:.~ ~ ~ '~ L .J.~)l~

The ronowlng is a suitable technique :

:l' ~II u s .. y . ~ .~~.;J= ~ ~.J1- Read the instructions carefully, Note that in some tasks

you may use your own words if you wish, based on theinformation in the reading text. In other cases you willbe instructed to use the words from the readin g: text

""only. J\ ote also that here you may write only threewords or fewer,

4 6

Look at the table and especially any headings, Decidewhich is th e most use ful w ay to -read the table.'O~J~ ~I i.Ajl _ , . JS .~I : U : :_ ; l J l. :. :c . = .. .oL.u:JjJ .l':"'::"_j J_J~\ ~l _;-1:u~

.J~~3- Look at the first row under the headings. Decide what

key ideas you will need to search for as you skim thereading text. Decide also what information you willneed- to complete the first gap .

dy.."~)\jLS!~l~. ~ ~~_J .~ j . . . . i&l \jL..~ J}i~ ~~~! ,~I~4'lH~L..~l f ~i .:i~ . ~I-';~l_;i ~~i 4- lc .~I ::::!..h.J.;J1

.JJ11 t'l ~ 1 i J 1 : .] 'W51 'I"'!H-~ u ,_ ,_ . .

4- Skim the text tor the appropriate paragraph or section ...(4--;L;..~J5J) ~l1J1 ijilll _ _ ,i ~~I J:- ""'~, ~ ~l

5- Read that section more carefully and decide on the bestwurd or words to fin the gap. Remember that YOLl w i 1 1need to use the appropriate form of any verbs ..

~i, ~t J5Jj _j~ ; ;" "J iH .. : i ..l.::. s _ . : J S .i ~~ (Uj.b. ~.ill) "" j-;J I 1~ i.}'I~ll.JI;.!. ~ II~~ d .~ ui _fti:J .t:\__rij~ ~ )L:J .) ~

~I _t

JW:;lj

2-

*** *** ***

4 7


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lIB"" to approach questlons which ask YBU to matchcauses and effects?

'~.''U1lIJ '-iI~11 ,'\.LI L ,. " . .t_ , - ~ u 'i &a ~ ,_'jl'~'.;1 .u ~.lLJl ~i~ ., '. it! ~ ~-..:r-' .. I~ ~ .' ill

1 - Read the instructions carefully. .'~-:!~ wIt';?' jilI1";!12- Look at th e table and decide which list y ou should

work from. In most cases it w o uld be most efficient towork from. the shorter list (usually the causes).~"i'..,:,J\ ~li. .), .~J~ 1~ ~I ~1fl21 ~i ~J J,)~I.)~ .);.jl

,{,.,:.A:1.~~tl)~~'I WUiI ~ ;~ ~i J .. ;a 9~ 1 ~ L:'t . ,o$:]- Read the first cause, Jj';ll ~I i",~,4 - Briefly familiarise y eurself w ith the effectslist. Which

effects seem POSS] ble at this stage?.(}_j\'l) ~w.iHWIl.)c ~.c.~ W y.J

5- Skim the reading text 10 find the section whi elldi scusses the f rst cause.

.~ , J _ ji0 C - . . . :: . .:'1:. , ,-:;t~i ~1 ~ J;l ~i u ~ . d . . c . _r.-:. ~~II.)~I

(~- Read that section o r the reading text carefully to findthe effect.

.4~~~~i''ll~,!J-=.J~~1~~'II~ i~ 1

7- When you have found the effect in the reading passage.refer back to the effects list and select the one whichbest paraphrases the information in the reading text. [fnone of the effects listed seem Lumatch, then keepreading the text, as it is no t unusual for causes to have

more than one effectC::jilll) J,_j)'J~\. ~I _) ''-'~' ~ y~~ _;}"';I . . .. .J~ ~'Ul.:.jc.~ ~,. 7"~ ~ b!J . < . i _ p Ju~ w~I.J~\ ....~, .J-".};lL fol J

.(:ii.l;:o.lJ . 4 1' */ jj ~ J9 ufo 0 \ .~I.k..J\~-~1 i_)1

Note that in some questions you must only US(~ wordsfrom the rending passage, and that you may usc nomore than three words to complete each sentence.~I ~I ~. w\..JS.r- ': '' ;' - ;_ ' . ,j ... t)- ~ ~~I'~ ..;~i . f i ;uuL.JS 3 :~ F " l _ ; . l 5 ifL:i~.:i,.,J0~'J~ tJ;;'-~ .i ~ ~ -uiJ .!::is'I~ _)

~t. T .( ' " ;,


25/60

~ ~I, d.. .. . ,h-Ji o= 'ift ufo ~~1..SJI -* ~l;jS i_;i'l. ,_,L'I "-


26/60

verb. adjecti ve and auverb. r.earn to recognize them and


27/60

[B,nsic sldm m ing tech ninllues :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

1- skim the title and the questions. They give you asummary 0 r the passage.

,~, Jp ~ ,3t.~b..~ ~~j , : i ~ " 1 ' _ ,j '_,w~ (~2- Skim the content words only, i.e. the 1 1o1 .. 11 1 S ,main verbs,

adjectives and. adverbs. Do nut look at words like the, a,

in , iSI etc _ underline the content \YOIds in a fewparagraphs. Then read them again.

r. ',: I " .,~\ I. ~ tI I; _ ; 'I 0 ~ \ , . , . .111 ..~f :_..l...:r...:iJI_j~'_"__'_"~I: JI~,I.5~,wIJu~,~~1

. .c ' ) ,') ' J .....,JII.. ,J .. ~' . . . s - i lJ .'_--~ !.J' ..#

4- Without reading the text, mark the cormecring words,e.g. moreovervin addirion-howevcr, etc.T'racticc untilyou can see the connecting words ;)utmnatica11y whenyou look at a paragraph. Then yuu do not need to markthem,moreover, i.n addition, :~ ~ _)~ ~ L.. . .J S ; ~ , . : :. .L.;;.~ ~.;...~.? }_-# " 1 'J - : i- .1 . l j ~ ~_;.1 .~~l ifo ,ji 0.)'.) however. - . : . . ii !t ,S1 . .JI Ll:...1J'L4~ U\ ~ .L

,..:.L.-'5H l!!ol'i,;~~ '_ I ; I ,~JWi

.~ _'" ~ ~ ..J .-.,.~ --

.~ ,~'W.c. F.~J~~ Ll_ f t : iG .! ~~ ~J5 - Skim so that you recogn ize common types of paragraph

organization._~~ ~ I..-:t,i: .. . . o l i ).. O!~I \C,; ,~,L t . " -u " . :J 1 - ,. . . . . . .


28/60

* * *** ***

Choosing scannlngwords in the questions ::':~, a) I~,~ ~, ~11 ~ ~;..."jS ~l

Choose your scanning words carefully. For example, withtrue, false, not giveri, read al l the statements and 100k rO Twords that occur frequently .. These: are likely to be th egeneral subject of the passage, su they win not help youscan.?-... :.:iI,......i:l,'It Ut_ yl; ~ ., t!J ..J l ~ ~. ~~i..i.:.J' u- ~,-.. '.;y ~I Iw L .:J S.J l. '" "" "" "~ .,Ii.._.'" l' ~. - ..... -I. .. : !. - '" ~ - ~ "c..r ~~,...;._jfo ~H .: : .J4. l< ' , !L C~I _,~I JS ;. J A il ( .. .:fi.~ J!P - u - bli . -~! . _j . = i~ \. .. .. .. :1 - .J_ _. .j, !I .I . , . : . .. .-s L ,d f'_WIt ......:..:oJ1 ,',&l .,j . ,s ,_ _ .f !. \. ~ ~ ~ '...T"" f 61"-_ I....i _J- _.. '-'.... I....'...r-~ , ' "= '. . . . . .

L O O Kfor words that relate to thegeneral subject. They canbe nouns, names dates, etc.

j\ ~~i :.Jfo .: :A ~.s , , : :i . . .1iU('Wl t~~yJ~ ~.DI.c.i~ ut..J5, ~\C ~~.~} ... ~.)';.Ji ?'~~ eLuJ !) "lWI

Look for words and ideas that help you navigate the textThis is a very efficient tool. Look at the questions togetherand not in isolation. The questions can often be subdivided:t\'Y'O relating to one area. o r text; three to another, etc.Connect the ''1uestions, group them and use this to help youto jum p arou nd1he' text .,tl.;>. UW dOl; '_, ,~~ .~I ~'~jC,.J.) ~.:&cW )~~J , . :: . J \o ;; ~ ~I,4 .h . . . . . . .~ i l~,.i: ~ I j.AJI ,.~_,~ ~~ ~J r~ ~~)'II ~ ~:I~I, : . s . . . .:1. . i~)\31_, i . : . . ;~ l :. ' J j_ , .l~ t~y Jy>- ~ ~ d,j,jl:tl_,.ii:o~ .),1~..:.: ,~ ~ .~ I.c- . ~. ~~1\ ->.!-.!..h..J_)1 I; c;'" OJ ._:~J';'.'~.~ u ' . . . . : :o .

__ II ~ ~...; u- . '"'.. J ~i.~ L -.J- ...,.,. ~

(~U.~,y, 1~ ~.) ~ ~~ ..., . .; ~~ ~.S_;j,.,,;il.J... I.. U ._"- ..~- 'Y' r*'~~';' *** ,j;,j;:*,

How m murk: Ule text when you skim or scan '?

: ~I .3 l ~ ~ Ft~l~, J~ u. . . s

Use a pencil so you can rub ou t mistakes.

. ( oLb . : : . J~'-


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Completing the answer sheet:

Fillin [he answer sheet care fully. Usc. a pencil._ _ 1 - '= 1 " .. ..-= )\ ~ ~1 .~~ ~ l? -) 'I ~_ )J ~ !. :: ~L 6 '_ y lll ; ~\

Mark the end of the first two passages on the sheet with ashort line. Aim to complete one stage ata time.

.~I~.,#l ~';j ~ 4 .~ jt6 9,~ ~ ~ _/~ ~ (1~~ Lb._) ~.~~~.c, ~ .;." " . . L.. . ; '. '"i:'i 1- ,... ,~ {;::, '1 1 ~ ~L iili do 1 :l . ,~ ~=.~~~'~~?'-f'~ 1 .. .0 ~ ._--;- . ..

Write clearly, Give only one answer unless the instructionsrequire more.

~. ~~~ ~ ~ I~~ '1 ) ~ ~'~'.J~4.1~ _ :;.J .,:..; .~ ~ ~ ".w1c:" jil\

Write in the correct spaces and keep within them..~~tiSli:;,)~~ J..; : ; . :L . . . . : . . J~ , . " ._ : U l 's . .. ..~> 1,\'1 . f i L / ; l 1 ~ _ j~I

Do not copy words from the question stem or paraphrasesfrom the text. 111C answer will bf: marked i ncorrect,

Skim/ check your answers when you f nish. Choose answersat random to check ,or check them backwards. A I S Q c he ckyour answers against the questions to make sure theerammar is correct.0,;;:

~I ~ '~~~I .. ::"i_Jb:n~ fol ,,~...J~I :.r!'~'I)J,;l~.;l::-.! 7~~lill~,~! Js._'''J~~jS ~ \.) ~ ~ ~ ~u~4-)'~ C 71_ ) JI ~'~'_?'~I.y1.d'r ..... ~~~, .::J~..su.:_hLl d~~

*** *** ***

.5 R

L 'nA '- W J ! ii i! !I E I I iI = . I ~~ ...... ,., .... ""IiI~! I I!!!! =HINTS ABOUT TH!E WRI'TING TEST

I:: i_ III II : . . . :! .II. 1 :,1_ " . I~ J j . acu,~1 ,.~. ,,9:::r .ii!JU:::U.,,e: .~!; c0

GENERAL, HI.NTS,~u ~11.4i3!1Jp iioL:ci~U.

The academic \VrIB ng module takes approxi rnately 60minutes . .

.illJ, 60 . JI Q'. _.,;u.' : ; ; ;1s .~'I ~.J . . :l5J ' _ ;1 . . .. il . :! i ..\ ..;~ ~ .J) - . . .?" . . " , ,: !?;O .. . , . ~ ------- : :

There are t\VO tasks. .~4- .:!l~5

The first question takes about 20 minutes. You write areport about a graph, table, bar chart or diagram, using aminimum o r150 words.,~~~.J ~~ l_.y):j L !6~;~ .ill..: 2 00 J1 1' I - ! !o .J,~l .J juJl J ~.~ . .. . ~ ~ . .. . . , ; . . . . ~ .~ , .~~ ~150 r-';''',,,.~,.~,}...:.l~fJ ~_) . ..,I: ;~~4 ~_)JII JJ~.J

,.;$'11

You are marked on task completion and use of a range ofvocabulary and grammar, organization and development.

...:al.:,_J- - - i . J If'h';'~, 'IIJ J1;,........J~~.2c ~~b.'i ' ~1~ r.j ,1t..,... _)j ~ ~~.~Jl...J1 ~ b. . . . . . . : : . ._ ,?:t;;~JI J z I-,dl~,

The second question lakes about 40 minutes. Yo u write anessay discu ssing an argument, opi n ion or a poi nt of view,.d., ,.~ ..-~ .~ Z -r' ~ ..


30/60

p p p psuggestions, ~~~em~~}r other people for/agams], reasons,dangers. ildVant.ages and or disadvantages, Cleo

, . to , - i jC

:~ L_,;, t ~ J - A ~l.? ~ ,) :5 .1 ) ..l:l..1 _ j ~ ~d 6 ~ I ," t j ~ . ~-~ '" ,IL ... . .. .\'l-~-.' . 1 .. ." ,. . 11 ,_ ' ~ - .'G~Jj- .. l:..... 'rL~,r ~.I-"__'..),~ " -= - ' _ J'J1, . : . t '~j;i ~ ~ .:'1 _,ftj .~ ~ ~.:J~s G~_;J1 - ~,b\ ft""11 - .:':d,.b.=J1

. ' U j_ )o o Q I ~~I,~'_j -.J.b.;;;.\r!J twl~I-, "'":,}"~.J } " i l~~j.A.:iYou may be asked to give your opinion and suggestions forcauses and solutions.

,:J :'pg ..jl ~ ~I..=..Iftl j L ~ " :'_).fitJ J Jl y.JI A't4 ~ 01 ~"J,bJi j

You are marked On use of a range of vocabulary an dgrammar, organization an d development and hew YOUrespond to the task. Special fst knowledge of the subject isnot being tested.

~'i..:::.::i_,_.I, ~ ~,. b ~ " il ~ . :u : .1 '- :: 'I .~~b .; .1 ' ,;a!~\'=.". s , j.l .~.. , ." ;.. .. iii! -it. i~ J ~ _;J ~ I I._I""'"' ~J t . . . :

~'O ~\ &,._ ,_ 5. !. A ~ " :1JI '.......!lI~ "'.s J ~ ~.P..,. .1.~ ;.. ~ ~~ ,. "'..;0 _T- '-"'-J "~L.."""'-

. . J1&J1t~,~The basic pattern 'O fan English sentence is:

8 ubj eet /verb.'obj ect,

J-,,~- J.d -Jc.!i :_,J : , ~-. r\7'~)t l ,~~ ~'w ~'l '-;,~~ _ jJ1 .) ~JThe connecting and reference words generally come at the

beginning of the sentences and ./or clauses: words likemoreover / they ! such / this J these I another measure is, etc.

~ "i~, .)1~~ ~I~, ~ .~~ _. : . . J1wLJ$j1 J ~)! wLJS ...;l~L. '~~kmoreover ,/ they ./such I this / these ... - etc : ..]...

Always check your work as youwri te, Look backwards aswell as fonvards .

AP':~! '-11-,","" '~jl ~( C J IL~ ' . .4. _ , J }ft' , ~ ~ W S J l~ 1 . . : : }W b di=. ~I.J60

blank sheet!

;_,~ \~!l9".i oj ~~.>'lfl ~ _;t. .)1 ~ ~ . . . , . .::Ji~,w, . c l : !L . ._,i....:._J..;. ~I.~~~.-. ....J

CbeckiDg your \V!,'itingefficienn Leave yourself 3 , - 5minutes to check your writing.

.L" - ' { '< 'L. ~lyJ dJi~.~ ~'t].: 5- 3 ~

He aware of the mistakes you usually make and look out to rthese. It can make a di fferenee of a score band!

. ,: \i!5 ~ ~ ~I JI ~lb6.J ~ l . .= i~ ~ ~ ~. . r- '_ j.)e . : foScan quickly the hegi nn ing of each sentence and thebeginniug of each paragraph,

~ ~.. ~c .~ I r t . k":;'1 I.~~ :; p, U'> ~ .l;Jl ~;;j=i' ~ ""- : :"J . :~I _)

If you tend to make other mistakes, like misusing thearticles, study them and look for them in particular,

..:J~.l~1~ ~J~I ~ '~~ ~'L.i.. ~'__k~i 4:u-1.:..u1.;SI~,I~ . J.I,p.) .... ~ JJ 1.:i1.J ,~1:lll: 4.~! (a-an - the :

*** *** *" , , *

6]


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( T:ASK 1 1

Do task 1 first. There i s .a reason why it is task J ! From thepsychological point o r view, it give::; you a sense ofacccrnplishment when Y O L lhave finished it.J ~ .Jj)'1 JI~I 4_Ji ~J ~,~I~I~ J}ll JlyJl o- ~

.~I ~-:P'-Ull.J A )~,!1~ ~l~J ~~, ~ -i~ ~)1~ ~ ~~ I.A corrnnon feature of the writing process is the concept 0 rgetting oneself going. Wifh the shorter task you can getyourself into your stride In w riting, B ythe time you stan[ask 2, you win then be much more alert and perform task 2much TI10re efficiently.. .il l: :.~~)d..{j ~~ , ::_6u ~I~'I ~ d y. ~I ~i I.~~#I ~\ ~=.11Al1.:........i 'il,;.~ ~i1 c ~-"i!,~ 1.- ~'--'I.l ,,-;';\1 "1~I ~ J , J ,~1 ~" -..? ~ "'T~ .,. ~ '_'.r--.J -.:~ o!'J..~ _ . i J I. .!l_ )IJ 0 ~ ~~~5 _ j : 6 . 1 n ; ; spl ; \L : , _ ~ ,~'~l J~y.,J1~ ~ 4 ) ~

,F.Spend. 20 minutes on this task, A common mistake wh ichcandidates make 18 to spend Ionger on task 2 and leavethemselves 15 minutes orless to complete task I..', :' ~ -.~II ~LU! (.tb \'1 ..,,~i " I IW 'I 1 :l A , ~., ;,;tiJ.J 70 .~~I~L~ ~ .- v-- r_.I..-i' Wi .......... ,~, ' - _ 1

1 . : . i ,uy;"i J ~ JI~ !'~.LbJi,~~j 15 1 . 1 - " . s . ~ ~I )~');J ~~"-I'" 'I IIe, I~_j r. 1 .1 1 ~ 1 (1

,.~~ v' . . .J"" '- 'I

'-F t" ~ U"" ..?Take task 1 seriously, even though task 2 carries double themarks. . ,

,1 . :1 '1 JI' . Ii \ r i 1 . .. .. ~JlyJ1 '.1 ",t..__i~' ' 01, -l. ,1 . . . . . . . . . . . i J 1 . . ~ .~ . '. , ~ . " . . . . ,~..l.l=...;! ~ I .. I! ;!l...olo.. I.,)"'...L.!'-i? .. ._ oF ~ ~ oJ"';- .. ~~_._;/ 1.; . , .

.4 . . ; . ._;.lll

Skim Ole instructions and study the diagram. Use thegenera] statement about the data to help youinrerprcr thegraph.JJ.)C~ '-"~ ~)\ 0 1_p 0-- ~I 'r _~)l U'I.)jl, ,.. :A.~~ _, : : J IC; ' D -'

62

'F'-"--'yl uL:tu ~ .. t"~" ....- ~.._~

Spend [he recommended 20 minutes as [0110\;\1'8:: .)l:J.s 't L:l,.'to"; ~~ .:i.iiJ - l ~ _ ~ , ~

- _" I

2-3 minutes analyzing and planning ~I.:ac' ' 'llJ ~ j .J l_) )-214-15 minutes writing ~t6ll ~.l 15 -142-3 minutes checking ~1_yJj J.J1,i) 3-2

Check the values and numbers on the vertical and horizontalaxes . .~;)!, ~l..ji L.\:u~~i , _ ) = .~.d~_,..J1 r,l!.J ~'lj ~ \ t'? '1 _.;Work ou t how many lines 150 words are in vour~handwri Ling. e.g. if you write about 10 words per 1inc, thenyou will need toproduce at least 15 1ines, Aim to write 110more than 170/ 180 words,I~ l~11(~L--:l _; l# : . . :11J + ! )~1~1 ~t~ .y. ~ 15 0 ._ :,\~ )~ ~ ~1 5 t 1 ~,St\u 'f ,-.j\ b~l: .1.4 " .b....-~ _." ~L : .. lW S l 'DL.. ~I ._!I; ~ ".~"

11 .V-~ .... ~u .'~~'. ~~ LF - ~ L. . :~ ~...h)~ 180-17 ~r& d ~ '~'~~1!. ~I_J .i_;b.. . . ; .

.(y~1 Gib. ~ ~.:'L&Check that you have w ritten at 'least L50 w ords, H you w ritless, it will affect your score.~ L .W i- ': ':L J S l1 ~c J 5 : .l : :J .~I ..:til ~J=.WS I 5 0 ~ c ,; il l~ ~ . . :Sb

.1- . , ... ~ ,II'.~jl ~ ~ y~ ,.~.::

Compare genera] trends, differences, etc an d support thiswith information from the diagram. Avo id fo cusin g tooclosely on the details.. :' _J .i ~ ~ ~l,;.~ ,t: l1 _ u _ . n ~..:.:~)rl .. J"",!'...j1~l>.W'l' .. ...u 'J:Li

~ , If. ... .. L J ~;;"...r.;:-; _~

.1~ ljj;i)!1 ~llJl ~ J:IS .JUI ._.;,?:._~, .~)I

If you have more than nne graph or chart or mixture, 'linkthe information. rill ~.' ~ ~ . ~ -, 1 II s - ~ . ',r:' I' L

U ' - : : .1 .1~' ~C::~. .J -" '--,I '~,Jl ,01-4:l~ J ~Y-:I~..J ~ _ : . !4.:u 0"::' . : lJ.~~~I ul.A_,h.J1 6~ ~.J

Make sure you write in paragraphs: 3Jl introdu orion ~ one or'two paragraphs for the body or the text. Then \....Ti'te a briefconclusion. ,. .

Dow to write the main parr of tile text


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Gro bs:Haw to lmte tbe introduction:One sentence is enough for the introduction.

.~ ~ ?"" '")1, y_;lil ~~ ~1.S ~ .!: => .\ .J ~ ~

Replace words i l l the general statement with synonyms or

paraphrases where you can.~~~t:i ~y '~.fi~ L J S ,~,i.l)1 wLJ5Jl ~ .~ . . : . : '~ . . ; l_}i.J1?~I- . ( j_ f i :1 !1 1 ~ ) . . .~,ji:J1

U. C om: nf the following tour prompts to help you write anintroduction:

: ~ . .A I .c .i .J I~ W 5 : ~ 1.! . l . : : ; 'L . . . . IJ j~'Wll ,,-::J-:l~l'~hl i"~'1_.--The graph shows ... . .. ~)l C~~

~ illus tra tes the trends in ... betw een ... and ...

_The graph gives l provides reveals ,/ presents information- -- -: abou 'L ( the d iffe rencesI c ha ng es ,. .. )

(" : '1 1 ~ I . , . : .~ ,ti ~,~[I)" rl '. ~~ ' I I' . ' " '1C.,. ......J ~I _ I,j"_"",, ~ WL.c_~ r'--:I ~J~, ~..J:i F " " "Y...-- - the graph shows that (there is a number of. differences

between .. .) ( . .. ~J.,,)JII ~. L:l,lC;Jl~) Ijl ~)l ::_ " Q ~ ~___...-the graph shows / illustrates how' the sales have differed /

r" changed . L.. A:~.:.l ..J 1 1 ~ ui:. .j,.; ,'~ I ~ , , _ ,,;.,uJ < L\... '-1'1 ~ . _~ - ~ ~ c. . : : .J; O. _rUsegeneral words fo r thejntroductil~I~: inlon1,anorf,aat:a~differences, similarities, changes, trends. results, numbers.percent ages ,'figures, & statistics.

~ 1. .~""l~ I I .' t J_.. i'-.. ~ ,~ ! I' 1 '\ - I 1~~I . ' ,- W !. .. .. .. :: I. /. .. iQ j; ,' 1 - uwL:H - ~...:I~:~ ~I ~ . .:I..Qi,AJ bI~' f'~'

q L ~ ,. . , ~) ., ~. ~" - ~I ~ 1 - ~I~ .1 '" ~- .l1,!_"J;:.1 _ < 1 . . : ," '- .La ~ . _'.:;,l1! -.~..u ,_ .....:IlA: ~J - 'W' ...!JcJ._ -..l


33/60

.u'_j~.)4. Fyl ..... :U~J~ LJ ~_j'; ~I t_J~1TTY to classify the 1te rn s a nd divide them into groups ratherthan writing about each one in lUf11.t...LS .~. :i .J t. :; j, :Lit; "0 }j_ J wb ~ J~ 'v" ";~l-' '-'-....l.1.JI ....: .. ,. .. .. .: :: J ~~h~. !i"",F - I oJ' ~ I,;,.j II: ... ._/"- __ ~.J

'r 1.' ."'Ct...:&.:t.~~~

Pie CfJarts : : ....." i! _J JJ y ~ ~ I"~ jPie charts can be like bar charts except that various sectionsadd lip to J O O I } O .There can also be a series o rcharts wherethe dam show trends.

~ ~ "~"'(J_' ~~i t,~ i ~ ~ :.:) ~ 4.;_;.jbl1 ~~ f'~-JIi~ ~,~ ,jp u i ~I ~--J .X 100 :_ 'lB ~ I_ F. .. it~ u 1 ~

w l !4 : J I, _ _ . : . .~,.b:j,.:~ji fy.y _JMake sure you show the connection between the pi e and thegraph or barchart rather than just listing [he data fromthe

pie chart.'< .'i .UI i - 'u.J1 '! r < , 1 1 ' , ~ r" "1 .~.H ~ 1..4~~ ";i

'. L. t S " ,1 .4Processes : : ~YlallFollow the same i nit ia l s te psfor writing about a graph.

.~lr. F"""_J ~ :;; I~_ fo '_(:S~I~~ ~.;J~ .:J , .b .= .J I ~ ~1Find a starting point and write the process as a series ofsteps.

_,WI.~ l c 4J. . .d . . . . . .S~I L,..==,_FI .~l..;\~1 4_bSj . ;y:. ,~1Useful connecting words you can. use are :

~ ~)~ ~_j ~""'~"!' J ~~;;~,.. ::J.. :2S~'.dk.~.I.~ . __..ft-A d.v 'erbs : ~

first ~ _ j ifirst D E al] ~~ jS. ~_'i '''1)subsequent to thatPc,epos.itions =at the beginning o r

firstlysubsequentlyfinally

" j.J _j

)~~I_y. ; .~

: U JI,P J\~J,', .J~',f-' 1..;;0~,~ ~ at the end of

Tenses and volce : (f6.;&JJr '\ ~ ~)~.~J ~j'J~Usc the present simple to describe processes .

. w 4 L u J ! ~ " ' ~ ,~ ,tj '4c',1 ~iT he agent is not usually m entionedunless a task isperformed by a particular person .

. l .. . , ~ ~ . -oQ u.. . . . : . ...,,! 'j! ;;.)'.;:0. Jc.ljjl ';;.~ '1~ ,,"' ...I~I J: ~

Usc [he passive voice if Ute process is describing somethingbeing made! 1 ik e a book, e.g, the book is printed and thencollated, after which it is hound.~ .~'t I> ~.:i-~,;~I .. -.'L!ii.~ l '~ .. ,~"U~I.~~;_ u...:,'I:0~ _ . . ~ . ~ ..... ~ . ~ '.

'


34/60

~ .d---:l_ ,.k ._ _ Jl~:.Ju.~.;~ ~j.!ik p_, l . . . J J;,..~II ~ I

...~~Maps : ;.b:.\ . t~Follow the initial steps for analyzing graphs andprocesses,

. ~~~._ , ~~l f"y...)1 ~.f');' ~\,~i~I ,;,~ ,".f.l)~~l _ ,1 .;J1 ~ ~\Familiarize yourself with words showing location of thepoints of the compass.

~ ~_ )\q w ~ ' ~J.i! .",.;JI~l.JS] ~Y'A . ~bnorth JW northwest y _.- i : .JWcast jyt northeast t3 ~ JWsouth ~~ southeast ~ t..:-i~west ~_;6 r southwest ~ Y - ~ ~Be careful with time phrases and tenses. With in, use thepast. simple passive: w ith by.use Utepast perfect passive:. ~1...J1 ~\ . tk "~'I ~.~.II _..._!C". .JJbJI ul ~W ::ol~\ J.jc. ~ '-='0,1~- ~ .J.J Y u- -~~ I _,

: J l. . :b!fc:j 1"1: : ]1~~'LJI) in ~tJS:~ ~ IThe stadium wasconstructedinnhe year 2000 .

.I ' ) Q O O I ,~ \,L ,. ~ f "'f -1 . . f ". .c - ~ ":'u...:.:.i! I ~l..l ~

T11estadiumhad been construc[.ed.. j~~ the year 2000. . .. . , ,2000':>;'.;. .l1~ 'i'l ,~ 'L .1!L'~ " l i. l'} ; ~L ~ ,_ 'O J ~

T ry to vary the structure of your sentences by putting thetime phrase at the beginning and the end o r the sentence,The same appl Ies to the locations.~,l~ ~ .o1-_:JI wr_ ;1 ,t -


35/60

( TASK 2

l~se the question to help you organize your answer..&.bl (.f:,'i ,~_ ~~'.....ul J WI ~

..... ~ ~ .joII ~ I

Check lhc general topic, o rthe question, usually: a problem,a poi I1t .0 rview or a statement with t\VO opposing views.~'~J ) , .~ jfo.t....!j~tc ;J\~I ~~)_i t,~_,.J1 ~I~, .f o .l ~"5?' ~ '~ _ , . .. .a ~' ; '1(heck how many parts there are in the question .

. J '_ : c .. .. .. J1 ~u.A~' . : .' I_R. .t j\ ~ l_)M a ke abn er plan. U fiethe [OCllS, poims in the question.

'1' ,I . ~ ~ &iJl ~ -. .' '~~i.i:J~ ~. ~ ~ ,."~.:i,,,h;,. . '' ,_ ' ,. . .. . .. . . : . . .r ~ . : . ,_ , , - -tI,~._)4J .'- ~ .o~ . ~P lan towrite about f iv e p ara gr ap hs .

. ~.L'_S; wl ~~,~ '. ,,(r, .) J_,1. . : : . .Make very brie r notes about what you are: going to write foreach paragraph - one idea lor each paragraph is enough.o;L.~IJ~ s fo i i _ foJ5. ~ ...r < ~ 'L J ~ ,_ ; ~l .l?o ~ ~ w~ ". .-~l, ,t,. J\ . ' . ~ , L J S .1 D L , - : , < ~ ,

.....r--' :.F "" ,, :, .As you write, use a pencil, bur try not to rub out eonectlons

7 1

or changes, as this wastes a lot of time. You also stop theth d f iti (' t h ith li t'

How re speed up your wri.tln.g and. make it mere flexible;: ~..j,jJA )5\ ~J ~J- ~ L J .S ~ u . . zS


36/60

thread of your writing. ('ross ou t any changes with one lint'.Write above if you have space. Only rub out the text youwant to change if you don't have space to write above.w 1 .. J S .l1 ~ ~fo~ J J . J W "j ,jS.l L J ~ t : s . ! ' ~ L L l~L.o.J ~ i"~~

< I .~)S.~\ J :c . . . ,_ ~ ,Iilli . 'Ii 'o A S u Jl """"~ J :5 . ~ ~ ~ ",i...JL U u.DU i~ .r ::::- - :.... . , .~j ;. J" - _.r" '!.;.....r r... . . . , .I J i: . - ~ ...- - :: ; " " " ; :_j~IjJ L"~~h j'..:. J~~~~ '~\J~' ~jJ}i 1...0: ~ ~l ..~l:&l1 i=-~\~ , ..' ~; II -! -"; 11 I,. - ,. ,Id2.~ ~~\j ,~ Jt W~~ d ,~~~ft J S . ~ ~ . :u . : . .

"o_.J:. ~ J' ..:. \1 - ,_ _ _ _ _. c, ," & '" ~~"""'J' ~ .J l. .. 5. ,i - ,~Y ' k:; ~,~ I ~ .~II'- "-" .~~ ._;-_ ~.. oJ..- u--- r'

.~ ~ .. . .J I..._.~ l' -

How to express yttu." opinlnn : = ~~.J C , F '.;pJ ~Then: arc many ways to express your opmion .

. r q l ) . 1r:F ~ 0_#. 0-yb .;;l'~Practice writing your own statements of opinion, The-npractice supporting them. Usc reasons. results, explanation,contrast, effect, condition, etc.

, , _ ._ ~ " ~ 1 1 . ~ .t - ~ , .. ~ . ,.~ ... , . ~ - , L A; , .."~ w ~ - y ) ." 1 ~ ' :' ;; ' A"' I>J.lI c . I : l ..J W" ~ ~ " '" '; '1 ...J ,;j . ~ " ': - '.) . ....

~ lA..)#-J d..b1 _;: . . . . : . .~; l~J )~'i~J ~~l J cy:Jl j rJw.:JI_!l~1~'l'1 ~~.,...~~lSw,L:~ ~

Each time you write a sentence, qualify what you have said._ -t" 1 ~,i.l ,',_~, A'~ ,",,5,:j D". .4 1(. ~..~t&,,","~u~""-~~' _.., ~~

;1_~ . .. .\ i . l : . . . t ~ ~~ !I!-F' ...How to link vour sentences :.. ~

Beio\'i ,. 'are common words and phrases yOll know, hut whichyou often forget to use when linking your wri ti ng. Cllcck

how they are used.

73

~ 1 . . ;1LJl. t . .~J ~..ill~ll ;lJ,~ =..tj , ' . . 'u , " ~ - , .....II: '" ! ', ..~::..,;." ~ J~--- r..~...r- ;t_'_'LhiJ --....~ ~~ ~: ~l~ ..J ~~ ~ . .. .J _ ). :i J 1- ..,.f:.~'. rr "~L~ 11 ~ .! .tI i L ~I . ~ IY'

THE STRUCTURE OF A,NESSAY


37/60

01." ~ - - ~~' ~ ~-~Y ~~~~

as soon as after I beforeuntil wll.cn\vllCnt~ verso that tO o in order togenerally speaking overall on the wholeby and large hence lhusconsequently which thi s

Before you. write and before the ex am, read through th e

sinces o

so as toin genera]

therefore

expressions again., ._)~ 'jl J , i ._U~1,~ .s ~ w i ~d . : ,L : . i4 . .= o . t W,wl~' J& .i)l

Avoid overusing connection words, especially ton many

addition words,.,j,j~)1\ ulJ5. ~I"="J' ~ ...~II ' :_I , \3.l~ r'\~",,;1 ~.:bj _).~'I ~ ~

*** *** ***

7 4

dlAol ' l~u,

An essay consists o rthree main pans: an introduction. abody and a conclusion . Each pan cau contain more than a

paragraph. in an lEI.TS essay, it is better for you to write anintroduction! which has om: paragraph, and the conclusioni sthe same. The body can be consisted of three paragraphs or

more.'" . _ t< '-,' ., ... "'! ... ,'I' I' I I ; .. ::. .. !r~ 'I,' ' -

~ j:..~ w-'" jI J".4:;~.J ~..!A _, ~ :.'L;,. - :! .'.J f'. I~I 4,;,;.......! L_. . . . .J Li . . J1j~_:'~I J~ . . . , .j._,.~,fo~ p~~~ u,fo d ;;,~~)\~r\ ..i _ ; -= :o -~ ' liI~l .. .. .. .. a ; ~: i . . . . : JW~:: J "&.l :>.~_J ; fo y~.~~ I _,~.~, j ~. I E LT S

.p' ) ul_ fo ~ ~~:_I_A LJ ~ .y..JI

L Introductio n :You should lise' the introduction to provide backgroundinformati on about the main subject of the essay. Identi C yth erelevant problems or issues, and take the reader step by stepto an.understanding of why the specific focus of this essay is

relevant to that subject

t~ _ y J \ u --z ..: J _ - ' 1 o ~ {s ).. . . . . .iII0 1j~l:.l ..} ~~I \"'~ j ~.)!, l ;? -- !_ ) .1 : : ~~ J ~"')tJ~\::. wU:.~ J~'I_j '..;1,,;.,.i1~~,h. .J1j.J} ~)I

.~ t y..O _,... ~ J u . . J 11jfo Y .~ ~ ~, 'Lsj..il~

An introduction usually ends with a statement. Thisstatement teUs thereader specifically w 1 1 2 1 tpointyou are

going to prove ill your essay.w~ l..._..c. L s d . . . . _ i ] \_ ; . F : j~I :'~j ,4-:!~ ~ ~~'u:;, ~.:aS. .J ,i ."S"p

.~ .. .!:!i ~.s ~\:k :) .u_, '~

1 5

2. Body: L.V"" ;;. " " j.J'~!~ ~ ;'i.J1 ~':Ly-=JI~~I, f i: :' : ;. .; ~~~Q.Jb ;~WI l~


38/60

In the body) you are providing information. and argumentsthat s ho uld fo llo w Iu gic allyfrom the point ex pressed in y ourfocal statement and should support it consistentlythroughout the essay.

.< G .G ~ . ~ ~ .~ ~~J..ijJ w~).:u r~.;ij ~(c;: . .JI ,}t~yJl ~ ~J',tiJl w~~ ,a ~ ~ _ t~ JI ,. . .. .,.."l!.v, 1L IA.!.J"": : .; ~4. . ..d,.J'.J ~ ....~.~\ ~\ . . .s_ , ~~ ~......,-- .. ~ ... "'J~~ ... " ..~ ~ ~

.t~ ...~1 ~ ....:~GJITIle body is made up of some paragraphs. Each paragraphbegins with a topic sentence. Th]8 topic sentence alsoprovides a. l in knot O ' l 1 J yto the previous paragraph but alsoto die fecal statement of the essay, identifying bow thisinformation contributes ItO the s ta nd y ou 'v e taken, The topicsen ten ce of ea chparagraph is then developed with sentencestha t m ay prov id e ex am ples ,details, or cv idcnc e ..

,~I.~~ ~~~.fo ~~ i~~ft JS J .~\jiJ ~~ ~,~.l j.~,.,L a ~.: ~_;-..Wl~y 4J1L& ;~ ~Wl ~~.~j ~'d ~_)_,s,!.J\ Q-,~~4:s.~).,_J1 w'__~~J~ .1.~) '. .S .1 _ _ .c .~ ~ ~ .~~;J .t~yJ~:;j~ l ~~ :r ~ ~ .. till~ ._! . . : . . .ul.~J ~l..ri::i~~ _~:JJl F - . ~ - _tl_j, ~_..,..-,.. ~. ~. '"i' '"" r -wi' .._ ..... )""" .~ f.q~'~ FJ........:jJl (;.J liil1 ~ J 5 .~-Il: . , )k r. .k;.~~~.J ~lji.J

':1' tJ l , , -1 1....... .,),z jl ~~ . .J

A concluding sentence for each paragraph may abo beprovided to tie the information together and remind the

reader of howit relates to the focus of the essay.~ d _,w~ ~.:.J ~l G ~ ,1 -.2 1 ~,.~y .1~~ ~ ;; fo jS. L.,!'~~\W

. J ' L i . J 1u;'. i~\JI t ~~~~~ t.fjLill f i : : :D.J

J- C nile lu siom ~

The conclusion 0 ften begins with a.restatement of the focalstatement, It summarizes the main points of the supportingparagraphs, and ends with a conclusi 011 about how the topicre lares to the general issue described in the introduction.

~~t:=,. ~ ~~Y'J ~t...J1 ~\fiJJ '-"'~ ~_j~i.J~ ~~\,'!;\.)\ ...b,ti:J.14..:.:'~~.~~1 ~ : ;_ ) ._ ' ;S , ' A L ; ~.!",/,)~; f t S J ~. J 5 . S .t _,~ yJl ; ; . . e~~. ;_p.

Tile general rule is that no new information should be.,' 'L...

brouzht uno t101.ecrm clusion: everything in the conelusionu -

should logical ly follow from the information provided to thereader in the es say.

j~_"" .,,~ J,Q ,J'ci.J'W'..::._t} o~~ ~~ ~.~ t~.liJ~:;\~t1.J1 r.Y-. I .., I ':. . I . ~, ~ ~ !I

~~ ! L;.JL..:illI~lJ...:.":""""' c :?~UI"..c.~I 0 ..:. ~ r:/'JG\ .1 . ;loLiJw-;I.JUWl

In an essay, a reader doesn't want to be introducedin theconclusion to a m ai o r piece ofinformation, which "-V3SU'teven discussed in the body of the: essay .

. _ " . - . Jwl_....~~ c_ .1AJ;lf.. .p -I~.~ j 0.Jlil'l ~,'1 ~JG...JI,~~J~ ~" ,.JlWI ~ t,} _f i ' : i J

.rJ~ L: . ~ \ .!.It wfo .,,;}JtiJl. WG.

*** *** ***

77

All test takers must ~THe an essay. H is not a matter of

choice


39/60

Writ'ing The Essay

J LiLoI I~1Ll!:,

Remember that you have a limited time (40 minutes) towrite your essay. Use your time wisely.~ j ~ _, , ( ,1 ;'~,;'i.'l40)J.i.J1 ~ 1. : iS J , . )~ \- ;~ ~~L.,i ..j ~::u

....; I_,,;; ~ '

.l.:.,W- u . . .~d,,':,~ ~J~ ;.L~.~_.""You \'I!i1 ] only begiven on e topic to wri te ~in~vo u "ha 'v le nochoice of topics, ~

.wl_)~ ~\ d~ ~ LJ..J! i ,~ ,

You needn 't write a title to your essay.

,IE L T S_}~l ~ -illi..iJb ... .~ ~ r .:.N~1..;:o. .~ ~Sc'~ring, has nothing to do with how many paragraphs youwrite. You will be scored on how you address your topic ...J.i.:,.U 1~ L J _ ~ ..;11 wl_)~1 ~.!. JI G1.~_J..!!1yiiJ ~ ~'j.J:;. d.1t A

t_:.~_~l t . r.JJL:lli....~I ~_yhll ~ ~ ~__J,ll'

78

choice. ;..JI_ )~I - . 1 \,'J.1 j.0, ~ iLi.:,U JS .: ,-,i .L~:!l.J~:&: ,-.... \SJ!.J'I.,.". ~.J " ~._. w!-~ r- ,_ ~.l

Read the statement carefully and make sum you understandit AJ ways dee-ideon what you ar e go ing to wri te before youstart, M ake at ist 0 ryour m a inpoints.'~ ~ Jl ~ ~ . . ~ .il.itY. . . lS . '. : :J ~ ~ ~J i t~ yJl ~ec \ . . f o .i~ J , d )c.

.J ~.. ~.)I ~ . . : . 'LSJ.~~~l! ;_,~!,q )~t:S:Il ~ t~ J ~ A :~8" ) J:YIt should be easy to identify the inrroduction. developmentand rxmclusiun. Each section should have at least one

separate paragraph.~ _ .. :. lS . .J 1 ._k w ,,-~,~\ "C; ~ L:o ,h-,~.i,~",,~,I, , .. .i ll '~ .-~c


40/60

Make sure that each sentence has a clearly identif iable mainsubject and main verh and that they agree in number andtense. . ,~ ~ j~~ L~,s.}s U;;!*"~.J ~~ J Jc ;.~ ~ ;j~ JS a w- : -. : .Sl .J

.~ . . . . : . j I1 jd~1

Use specific examples or reasons to support your ideas.Stories Of examples fromyour personal life are best,

Ask yours elf t lt ,e t itUo, 'ingquestions about 'yllur essay:.~tS ~ ~Ib. k,z :i~t:Jl 4L..}jl ,.!I",;'~ JLI

Is it well nrganized ? 'i ' ~~I, ~ _ ) 1 . S S I _ ; . ~I~ ~ ~~ ~Dues it really answer the question that is asked ?

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, . Governrnen L S should spend more money on education; . . ;JI:;7/"t~an .011 r recreation and sports. Do you agree or~ ~ ..r ~'''' d is ag r e e ?

~ '\'f:J J - ~~ ) , , . ~ t. . ,u r .'L- foi rJ !. t" hl l ~ ' " :il~ ~ ~ d U ' U l_ } < . .. .'I1 ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ 'FJ ~ ~ ~ , L..ij(_ {JI ~ I ~ ~L;yl _ ,~_ ; J 1

Technology has fad J itared our 1ives so much and [rfve nus a lot of freedom. Some people, however. believe thatit ~~s caused more problems for us. \hat is youropinion ?

~fl ~";lr' J & i ~ J I : , ~ ~_).:u ' . ...:ti '~ 'L .u . . . , ~1 ~!.. .. '_ ._ '''~ , .. ,, -. .. , . _ M y ... .. .I~I'i."- '~I_", ~ I: ~ .... L... ,~ ,H. L ~ ~ If ' ~, ~ _ _) ~ .o....J__.,~1 ~ ,fo ~.AI 1~i LJj~~ ~UI

Shopping has becom ea favorite pastime among youngpeople. Why do you think it is like that and do vouthink they must be encouraged to do other things ratherthan shopping?

dl I', ~, I,'W , > 11 e- ~~_, .....l.l;:;...i Iol,' .o...J....:.I.l " . ..., ~ ',~",," ~I, . ; ., ,I ~'~, ~'I t.. _ ~ ._,-_I~.. ......... ~I ~ lJl~ ::=-~1 _ p . .1 ~ ~: L o uJL. . . . . t.., p.p ,.. ,~ r,~ .u i ~ ~t.. . .~\ i .'''' _,'...s-.~. . . ~ U*>j . . ~I_) ,~,

0 $3 ' , ~ .J _ ,. . .. 2 1 ~. y ,,f ! Nowadays, some people still prefer to . ride bicydes.'To_ 0j) ,)1 /)'~h,.,.fItextent do you think this will help us in today's

/( '-P \ life ?

..s_;.....::l

u ~ ~ ,L ..o J,I : . : .} l l, _ ; r : . .w ,l; . :I_; . l l1~~_) ~ W \ ~ ~

\' r -~ \ '~ 4 = > - .~w ~ ~ ,dJ~ d, "'"~0- Governments have to place the same number of men/ti .) '~d '~'omen in ~fferent fields of study 'in universities,

. ~1 ~ \ Lo what extent do you agree ONi sagree with thisi-;\. s ta le m e nt ?

) \h (v O / ,;~ )82

...J~' ,:~han genetic-s._,DO you~gree or ~isagree?.' ~I r, '& wt:u.::J' 'LA "1~" ....< i r, s .1;,. "1 -, - , . , ,, '. ,,

..... ,.__::I _;.~ ....... ' ' ' ~ " _)J..J L J - 'i ~ , ~ ~ ~ ~ w;- ., ..., . .rU.l. ~. 4d!c ~ ~i .ill.~ Jc.

,,~ /.... ~ ,,',' r' ~

r~ kIn. the 2 _ rt century, tl:cre is no usc to p~,y expenses for0; '!~~ -@)anl,mals protection. What's your 1dea about this

C o ?\ ;~>matter?'r ~l=l JI_,."JI :1itj 4b dU o ~;:l j !_ , . : . . J1_ ,. .: ;o '. ,J1 ,: ,_, il l . ,. .;r ~ t~,_,.Jl j . l>t: l;.~ -!lj5.!l . . . r ~ ,~ ~ ~w U l ~ \$?\3- Is technology time-consul11,in,g or does it save time?'AJ !;' ~ i ~. 11 L .,t_~(~"i~I'" ~ ;/' 1 -, .~ _ :. E i_ j. l ~ ,I-oI!J:I.II ~y~' ':!.!.l~l ,. & ,, !! .J , ~

. ; '- .Ql~1 Ib~ e~der1y peopl~ of over 50 years o_~age should be_~'M .,reu red and be replaced by the young. Do you. agree or"\'-..:~ di sagree '!J . ' I ~,d~ l!I ;, ~o ~ . - '1 L ,


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~P 8- Srnoki rig tobacco 1ike other dangerous drugs should he~ ~ .-;J~made illegal . .Do you agree or disagree?

~ ~ ..~~y ~, ._JLb:;.\r~ 0< ' ~~. ~. ~~l ~_p2 ~1 ~/ I ..-"- r ~ - ~- i .ill}.

I./ ' .. ~-. lJ-'S'~ r -/119-. /~~i~d animals have no p l_ .ace ~the 21 3i c:ntury and

\ 1."9 trym.~ 1~ p re se rv e t.-_ .h es e..anl.m...I.ds1~ .a .yv.asn::ot resources,\ T o w ha t e xte nt do y ou a gre e or disag ree?

,U:!,~IJ "d_~Jl Jjill .; ~.:L.JI Glj, ~.;I& .~.U.i'~, "j ~ . I,;~" ~- ~ u ~.-

(.i.l.-o: ~~ ~Jl. .l)_~ ~. ulj! ~I ~ ~ ~lb.J 4J , l . : : . . . o i )1// ~.~~L.JLJ~ ) . _ 1 [ ,.)e ~1 920- Education is sometimes considered as something for

the. youth. Some people. however. consider it as a 1ifclong task. What is your opinion ? Give reasons andsupport your idea with spec ifi c facts.

.~ ~-4fA.~ .~ ", ~ I .._:)~ll ~ ~G .. ~ ~ t lJ . : : .. i - . ~ -~ , \~ .~~~ ;r ~ M~ ~. ~ ~.... ~ ~-;;.

~~ ~,fo ~~! .s ~~'il C~J ~ d;\ J~ W .~ ' 4 : = J \Ji _ , .6

\.X121- It is good for schoo I a nd un iversity students to take part

< c - :t ~..... in .~ar~-~~~.J,O..h.'. ~o Y O . U .~~ee~r d. l . sagree '!" . "rw _ ~: ;.~~~U;'J .r IIJ -L -- :i' .) .~~1~!.~ 'J-.)~\ y ': :: t . bJ ~ ~ ; :" fA' ... IJ~:j' ~ " * " ~ " "y.:; ,I . ,n : :. ~ Jil i' J; . wi }I

54

..money only on rnedi cine and education and that thingslike theaters and sports stadi Un13 are luxurious. 00 youa gre e o rdisagree ?

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. l,. b ...... r r -'~

I ~l!Y,27~ W~th ttl.c adVe~ .lto . ..f ~om.p.-ut~rsthe role of. teachers ar err~"y ~Ol ng to be faded 11] classrooms. Do you agree orVj.jt disagree?" _ . _

k~r o J ~ ~ ~ ~0.l.J1_)~ c.Sj~~ ,~-!,ll ~.:}:bJI. ~I .;.~.."\ dO ,""~ ~. / t ;f r ~ LI4~ r~ d1) ~ ~~_~ ~

r '{... . . .... - ..'28- As computers are more and more used m education,some people argue that in future there will be no rolefor teachers" Do you agree or disagree ?

G.~ J ~j :,r'lll\ L,.~ .s_ _ n ~\ ~w~W rl ~l ~\ Y (:'"L,.~~ f' i d.J~ . . . ,Jz ~iI_~J:;.! .~l ~ :y,~.:...JJ_ : _ ! l ~dl~

r o t . J c ., , , "1J)' (';!f L~nguage and culture are reS"pe,~,tcdlcs~ in comparison

;' , po, \ ,' with t~l~ ~ast~ D o _ y o ua~r~cor dl~s:a,:,ee~: .. t , _ ,_ ~~ '.,jTL.~ ~ )_;~);. "1ld1~Ji 1.~,~ r'Lui1 ~ j ~Section one 1 S a conversation between two people ongeneral or soc ia l theme. . I

. - .. [.,~TJ:;~ ~..........~. J ~.. "\cb""';"_"~ J., ~l..::.....l, ~,!o, J ~)ti.. '/'~- . ~r L.~..J ' ;-, , '~. ,SectiorrF"wD1. 8 a iiiiinclogue or an interview on a generalsocial theme. r-~' __I ~ c


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I~ .!! 4.t.. .:"iIiit* ..

T h e 11s le ning, L ik e the reading com ponen lis weighted. 'The~tandal'dis the same on each test day. However, to reach aspecific band, the number of correct answers required isdi fferentin each exam, .

?'}--i! J S ~_j' :.~\fil . J -4b-" ' JJ.:.~ ~ l~ 1)_'~6.1E : . ~ : n)-p;\ ~4Y~ ~ ~..sJ ~ ._ E;!1~ ~ ~ f':b.LU 61) ~~";'~ \ ("~IlY o I .!!> ... ':) J' :'iJ-~ ~~,. ,.." ,....J\ ~ll. . ! !k~q~.,jC. ," , ' . , i Io~

...._.,..-. ~ '- ~.. L~': ~

As {he listening module of the exam involves listen ing,reading" hearing and writing skills, learn to use themsimultaneouslv, z:_J~'I J ;~) ;:''~. . J 'I ~ ~ ~) t jW.'I wl,J~ ("~ c .J." . ~~ t,) ~W _,~.'~ )r~_,~~ l . J .S l_ j:tL.:.l...,, ; ;1 w I _ )~ ~:! j~ t'~ '1 \

~~~JI

Develop your organizational and prediction skins, and yourconcentration,r i ~ jW' ~ "'1 . ~1 I I,. ~ ~ .~ ~ ~ ~ ~~._)~~~,~._ .. ...,_, '.~.I:~..,.Q~ ~'\..l .. g~_). ~ .. 161..;::,.. ... ! ! . .., ,; :. ~ ~ .~ _ , . ...J IF ' .' 'J

'.' .~ll.~_):D

Practice I isrening to a wide range of accents,~',".~' .. .I' ~ .. .)l l~: " ':1 \ .. ~,o...J_."""~ '-'l'. ;.~~ .~i..._]'.lJ

- = ..... .. ..o ! i "" ''- ':L, u~Concentra teon the questions one at a time, but. be prepared

for the .n..e.~t.q.u~sti.on.!_.oo~ahead.if Y.' ooJ . .have t.tm e.... .._La ~J fi ~tJ]. J~jo...Jll~ :fi c fo 1X ~ ,~JI ~ J S . < ~jS ._)

. .ul ~ _, 4.l1uts: t~.\~~i ~ '-"~Listen to the instructions on the tape as well, -~I ..:,;,1 ~~-;'l ~ ~_;} ;~ ~_y!j\ ~ ~~I Wl~ ~I

. ( o ~ jyJ~ .j ~ yo y. L,w .~ ,~ _ r;A general due is usually given.

.~!o.=o."~ n,J~ ,L... :~II, 1- ..!l~ l.....; : ,1~ W I ~ ~;+_.. ~~~~I~~r -Use tile infonnatiu'Il in the questions to help answer otherquestions.

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.. .

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Do not choose answers that contradict the general sen~the listcnina,

Iio ,..i ' ... . . .~

. ~ ~\ o,:W1 f'WIt_,~_,.JI(:4 ~j~ ~I ~b.-'j~ ; _ ; J . ; k lMake a list o r your cornmnn mistakes. and read the listbefore and after writing.

or! 'L "~ lI:"" j' ' '"" ..,,11''''''1 t l ~ \ ... . 'I~" . : l1: ' :"1t .L " 1 RI'.4 . . : . . . . . .~.J~ ~W! . . J .J ~I.U.I' ~~' .. ~.L! .J . : : . . .-Be aware of mistakes that are common to students ofEnglish with your mother tongue, e.g, art icles, the ends o rwords. countable - uncountable nouns! tenses! p ro no un s, .,.etc..LJ...I ,-,~~ 1~ ~ (o1. . :u iL ,it ~ ,.:J.~~.L!J~ , , 'L1ci . .~q JI .z!..ii:i\

'" '-"""":!o .. ,.., "~.rr..,.,--~ . ~~-.-

,;.:.L-::'~__,J)tL" lj..;-J\_J~.fillI,.:J,..!i) dj..{"li ~lkt~. ')~j:ft,:!,',)~- :u ~ _ , . .P~I_, ~}Jl,!i ~ ~l?W\ . ~ ; 3 J J~r ~L~.}:j'~..'l u 1..JSJ1Predict a n i : r l h e nmatch with the listening. Evcn j r yourp~redictionis different, you have something to l isten for.

"1 I t . 1.:"' ,'\ ~ . ~'1 .,- '1 ') .~--J IHj,.;;:,,~ I~'))' ~\.::o .! ....,1 """.~ ~ +!_'.!)_j ~~ ~~ _,.....

. 4 H l !~~.,j 4.il iUsc the collocation of words to help you predict, Words fi ttogether to form common phrases.

~.~,1~.. I d. I. ~: ! ~' , "'"1\ l _ _~ I ~ ell"."""'::" ;-.~ ~,jC.~"._;:~ 0:......:.~~ .p'~1

\Vhen you predict, always listen tocheck the/311 .8 \I\;. _.'~ ~b. ~ l. . l . . !; ::;. / .' l_.Q: iu1~1 ~~ tA~-,

~ - o!'m _ ~..f. b ~ - _ -

P ra ctic e u ntil y oupr IC-{ automauc< y.kim the questionsin a section in any test book and predict the answers ..Cheekyour answers W i t 1 1the answer key.

k:;t _ "fl " ~ ~1. 1 -; . .. t'I. T I"~, ~ ~ ~ "I ~'~JI E O'oM ) . ~ l.-:!.I._I,g~ .;1 ~, .~ ~ ~ ~ ~_).lJ/

..-/ .~,~ql ~:.;~l~~~~_J6._j~t)~"i\ L _ t,S ~ ~ G sL Ji ~;;JY-'"yJ'-t C~P~J1F '~;F.Iy .~t~~'1I, c :;~ ~ clLil~~ e7\_)J

Com::emnrk:through the w h ole : e xa m ,If you relax, yo u end_ l!-Phearingwhat is ~e]ng said a nd not listening,

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L jl ~ , ~ \,.)A)'I!.!L ~ L':.l.I~,"~1 I't!. , 1 . . A : . . ' : JI ~fo J . : .b i . l . ! . : i ..ft._) - >!i'. r _. . _.., II ~ .... ' .... 1"" b: :"!q:" ' : I .- = . ~ ,.~OIJ ~

Use your nrganizational skins and prediction tohelp '-youfocus and concentrate

Understanding paraphrasing and different synnnyrus helpbui lding your vocabu lary,

"~ ~~\ ",h;,~, - '"w i ~ ,~. . . . . _ . = . . , ~. . : : . :L.J . i l1 ~ L .. ...c ... ~"!\ ~ ~ '.a....:.._..,------- r' ~ ...J ~...Jf ~.J-' "- ~ .... .~ ~

. .~ ,. ;J l1, 5:r- , \~L... ,.... ~,~ ~.!Z-l....i:l ~ l j .. : .1 } u


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focus and concentrate." .jpfil.~. dJc.UJy~~J' ~i ~ ~i_j~ ~~

Use the questions to guide you through the recording .._ t 11 1

.~ &~I : iJ :_ ./ 4L )' 1 ~Practice bearing information on the ~fao'io .J~dffienconsciously listening to it so you get used [0 switching IO nyour concentration. / / g. ~c/ (-;v(~ ,yUll .-&-; I~J I~ wkdNI/->l.ll ,I . II~ :' ",Jc y-,,"

.~ j.f:. _ jj j ,:.-. .... '" I

Use your time efficiently. . ~",11 F'l~l ~,.!_.. ::.JIf you are confident of your answers, use checking time tolook ahead .

. ~ ~ 'i-< ! ' I.. .. ~ :~":II. .J ~I wi d,.J.: .... ~I &1..Jb1,'1o'J l . :6 .b .o. .:.us1':)\t.r= ~ ~ ~ ..J . ,-,,-- ...!= '-, :~, .. ~1 2....As you listen, use the time between answer to skim/scanahead.

.~1 ~ .. '. L 4 C~_fo .i;..tJl~~l;:..:i1 .)f;' r tLJl u.,1I' ~IChange your skins be1:\veen"sections autom aticallv as. . .~required and be decisive. This adds to your speed andefficiency.

I _

,~J!l~-: :l i ~~,,_),~:~ .5 .. "i1~y..') .~ 0A ~';~"iL:' t , . . . :J1":':.'j~l ~J t _. j - "_'.. ' .. .& 1jS j ~ ~\-il t . J A ~ ~~j,. . .p ' "1 . . """ ,L=. .

Skim and scan [he textat speed and w T I i hconfiFence . o U : ,,_ ; ~ ~ l;iy ~ ~ ~I_, ~I C~

If yon miss a question, leave it and go to the next one. It isbetter to miss one question than a whole section.~/' A r, ; ; ". ,}I. . . . . :JIJI y.J' ~;:: ..~i., d.5:_;1,JI j..ul ~~-:!40.)iI ~ L:~J

..0J5.~' >~:..~ y~~ ~ u i J . .. .o = . ! '. l! ~,Wi.;J~Always look out fro( synonyms ...' .uL~j\jlJ~ C F - L ~ l . : i~I

- -= :: ii i - -- -- ,_

112

. . _ ,. ;J,_ , j .. : . _ } u

Speaking and reading will also help build your vocabulary[or listening. ..~i ~ 3 ~; i.1 l1 .~ ," ,.I~........ ~ 2. ..tl. > ~\.:W ~l:;(.l'pIJ ~I

t~:n"'hen worki ng out words and phrases you do not know ~use,

the in formation in the question and the recording 10 predictm ea nin g an d a ny a nsw ers.~ ~ ~,~ _,.J',u 1. . .Jo j):r. .J I ~ ,'~ .. . ~~.!:F,) ~LJ$. ~ ~6::J~ ~

. ' . ~I. r: .t l ' , _ ~H r ~ aI . t ,_ ~.l~'W'-:!~f'J ~~ : s"J~~.:.u:L ..;'J ~" ' U:::=I

U]

TV:PES OF QUEST.DINS

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Chc(;k for examples w hi ch help ynu with the' grammar 0 rihe anS\VeT +


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eOlmp~.eting' netes :Look at any generalcompleted.

; u~\ J l .aS1. .heading em the form/notes to be:

.1 ~ II~~ . .. .. :I - , L. -!Id ~_ "II tl. ~ I ~ .1 ~.;... . ~I.".. ~ 1_ ""!!"" '. ~ ~ ~_ ..r l ,J ; .U~,:r- tj ..P ~Skim 31 ] the questi 0113 in the section to get a genera] idea

.~ ~ tc. j)fl~ J.~.~~~ ~ll.~ ~~i .~j_j'1Cheek the example as this g 'ives you a general idea and astarting point .

~ I . I 4__.bij ;...~ ~~ . . . ill~_;'l:o i . .o l l l : .~fo d~b,.; .,;ill~,; j7-Ji~ J'~~ l _ . .~1Check the grammar of the gaps and check your spell ing.

" 1,.~ ~ IJ ~.illl . ; : . c . l_ ;5I~ J.;, w~ 1pj .~ L r ) :~iSL. (,Yu jCse any subheadings in the chart/diagram as keywords

when you listen. . .~~ ~)i ) ~ljiJl ~)I, ~. :lY'"_~ ~_j :J!~' '..jlr~~

.t'~Y~ ~ 1 L i : \~ti", wLJ5.u,~\)

*** *** ***

Sbort answer questions :S kim the questions to get a general idea and look at anyex am ples thatare listed w ith H Iequestions. The q _uestionss ,Q m eti_ m es /e qllJ J: T ~ tw o a ns we rs o rthe answ ers arepan of E Ishort list;l~ w~~,~! :;1 ~ ~ ~\J _; l_O: : ' . z : r. f i .>J~ ~-L"}'t\ i_j~J_ ,_ . . 5 : : i..l,._j ) ~~I . Jl. . 1.=.'1' L' ~ ~ ~dll~ ~, ... ~.~'. (.,~r. . ""' . W r . ~ ~ . - lle~.

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