AGRICULTURE · PDF fileDepartment Mechanical Technology Major Agriculture Machinery ١...

Agriculture Machinery Major Mechanical Technology Department

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Kingdom of Saudi Arabia اململكة العربية السعودية General Organization for Technical Education and Vocational Training المؤسسة العامة للتعليم الفني

والتدريب المهني

Colleges of Technologe Directorate

عمادة الشؤون األكادمييةDeanship of Academic Affairs

إدارة شؤون الكليات التقنية

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY

CURRICULUM FOR

AGRICULTURE MACHINES

PREPARED BY

Dr. Hussein O. A. Osman

Dr. Aref M. A. Soliman Dr. Arfa S. A. Al-Razaz

Eng. Rashed M. El-Rashed Dr. Mostafa A. Mahmoud

FIRST EDITION

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MEG 221 Code Fundamentals of Agricultural Technology Course Title

Preparatory Mathematics, Physics - II Prerequisite

6 5 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w Course Description : 2 L 2 W T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course covers the fundamentals of farm mechanisation, its development and applications. It contains types of agricultural tractors and their main components, types of farm machinery, fundamentals of surveying, type and purposes, definition of irrigation and drainage engineering, principles of food processing. Assembling and disassembling of mechanical parts of agricultural tractors and farm machinery.

General Goal : The students acquire a basic knowledge of the fundamentals of agricultural tractors, farm machinery,

surveying, irrigation and drainage, and food processing. They assemble and disassemble mechanical parts of agricultural tractors and farm machinery and acquire skills in attaching and detaching tillage implements.

Behavioral Objectives : At the end of the course, the student is expected to:

♦ Distinguish between different types of agricultural tractors and farm machinery.

♦ Explain the fundamentals of surveying, irrigation and drainage, food processing.

♦ Perform the necessary adjustments of the mechanical parts of different agricultural tractors and implements.

Topics: Practice: Theory:

Assembly, disassembly of mechanical parts of agricultural tractors and implements

Farm machinery application and development

Types of agricultural tractors and their main components

Classification of farm machinery.

Fundamentals of surveying, irrigation and drainage engineering, and food processing

L = Lecture Hours, W = Workshop/Laboratory Hours, T = Tutorial Hours


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Lawrence O. Roth and Harry Field “An Introduction to Agricultural Engineering: A Problem-Solving Approach” 2 nd edition, 1991 Textbook:

Transactions of ASAE Additional Reading:


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actors and their power units

Farm Machinery and Equipment Principles of Farm Machinery

References:


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Detailed Curriculum (Theory)

Behavioral Objectives Contents Hrs

The student:

Explains the importance of the mechanisation in agriculture and traces the development of farm machinery and the future trend.

Distinguishes between different types of agricultural tractors and their main components.

Names the parts of the internal combustion engine – describes construction of the main components of the engine.

Distinguishes between different types of agricultural machinery.

Explains methods of hitching the agricultural implements.

Describes different types of surveying and uses common methods to measure distances and areas of regular and irregular shapes.

Explains the purpose and use of irrigation and drainage.

Describes the different food unit operations from harvest to consumption.

Farm machinery application and development

Definition of agricultural mechanisation Application and development of farm machinery

Types of agricultural tractors and their main components

Classification of agricultural tractor Fundamentals of internal combustion engines and accessories Tractor power transmission system and PTO. Brake system. Traction devices (tyres and tracks)

Classification of farm machinery

Classification of agricultural implements - Trailed implements - Mounted implements - Semimounted implements - Self propelled implements

Tillage methods Types of primary and secondary tillage implements:

- Mouldboard plows, disc plows, chisel plows, subsoilers

- Harrows, land rollers, subsurface tillage tools, field cultivators

Hitching systems - Hitching of pull-type implements - Hitching of mounted implements - Hitching of semi-mounted implements

Fundamentals of agricultural surveying, irrigation, drainage and food processing

Fundamentals of agricultural surveying - Plane and Geodetic surveying - Surveying measurements - Surveying instruments

Fundamentals of irrigation and drainage technology

- Sprinkler and trickling irrigation systems - Conventional systems -portable systems – mobile

rain-gun systems. Spray lines systems

- Center-pivot system - side move system - open drainage - tile drainage

Fundamentals of food processing and equipment - Liquid food handling - solid food handling -

mechanical separation - mixing - evaporation - drying - chilling – freezing - packaging-transport.

3

10

10

7


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Detailed Curriculum (Practice)


The student:

Distinguishes between wheeled and tracked tractor regarding construction and operation.

Names main parts of internal combustion engine. He distinguishes between construction of petrol and diesel engines. Also, he describes parts of engine systems.

Identifies components of tractor power transmission system and explains operation principles of each part.

Describes the components of mechanical and hydraulic brake systems.

Distinguishes between different types of farm machinery and names their main parts. He attaches, detaches, and adjusts agricultural. Implement.

Main components of wheeled and tracked tractors

Using cut-away models to show construction of wheeled and tracked tractors and their operation principles.

Internal combustion engines

Using cut-away models to show the components and operation principles of petrol and diesel engines. Assemble and disassemble original engine parts ( cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, connecting rod, crank shaft). Engine systems

Tractor power transmission and PTO

Using cut-away models to show operation Principles of different parts of tractor power Transmission and power take-off shaft Operating principles of different types of Clutches and their main components Assemble and disassemble clutch parts Clutch release mechanism Gear boxes, types and operation Shift mechanism Differential gear and final drive Power take-off shaft

Mechanical and hydraulic braking system

Main components and operation principles

Wheels, tires and tracks Attaching and detaching tractor wheels Construction of steel and rubber tracks (driving sprocket, idler, and ground rollers)

Types of agricultural implements and main components

using cut-away models and original parts to show the construction of different types of agricultural implements and their basic operation and application main parts of farm machinery and their operation attaching, detaching, and adjustments of: Primary and secondary tillage implements. Planting machines Harvesting machines.

4

6

4

2

2

12


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MEG 222 Code Pre-Harvest Machinery Course Title

Preparatory Mathematics Prerequisite



Contacthr/w

30 L 60 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course contains the following: Types of primary and secondary tillage equipment and their

main operations, types of planters and their development and seed germination, function of planters and grain drills, weed and pest control machinery.

General Goal : This course is designed to give the students the basic knowledge in soil preparation, distinguish between

different types of field preparation and planting machinery and understand the principles of pest control machinery.


Distinguish between different types of primary and secondary tillage equipment and explain their components and functional operations.

♦ Explain the fundamentals of planters and grain drills operations.

♦ Identify the necessary components of mechanical and chemical pest control machinery.

♦ Perform the necessary adjustments of the mechanical parts of different planters, grain drills and pest control machinery.


Assembly, disassembly, and adjustment of primary and secondary tillage equipment

Attaching and detaching tillage equipment and planting machines.

Leveling, adjusting and calibrating the planter and hydraulic sprayers.

Perform the necessary adjustments for pest control machinery.

Primary tillage equipment Secondary tillage equipment and their

main components Classification of planters and their basic

operations Fundamentals of grain drills Tuber planters, vegetable planter and

transplanters Pest control machinery.



١٠

Principles of Farm Machinery, Kepener R. A., Roy Bainer and El Barger, 1982. Textbook:

Transactions of ASAE. Additional Reading:

References:


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The student should be able to:

Understand tillage methods and aims.

Describe the component of moldboard plow Distinguish between different types of moldboard and share types. Explain, describe and distinguish between the chisel plow components and sizes Describe the motion of vibratory chisel plow Describe the motion of rotary tillage plow

Distinguish between different types of vertical and horizontal rotation. Describe the subsoiler and chisel component.

Describe disc harrows types, components and force direction.

Distinguish between different types of rollers harrows and tooth harrows

Distinguish between

Soil preparation Tillage objectives – tillage methods – minimum tillage systems- stubble – mulch tillage – force analysis – mechanics of tillage – soil strength – soil characterisation – soil penetration and penetration resistance.

Primary tillage equipment

Moldboard plow .

The moldboard plow types, components and component function

Chisel plow the chisel plow types, components and component function

Disc Plows Components and component function, disc sizes

Rotary tillage plows.

- Vertical axis of rotation.

- Horizontal axis of rotation.

types of share (blade) and specific energy requirements.

Subsoiler

Types of share, configuration, arrangements of tillage tools and specific energy requirements.

Secondary tillage

Disc harrows.

Types and characteristics Spike and spring-tooth harrows.

Shape, Size, Force analyses and specific energy requirements.

Rollers and pulverizes.

Surface and subsurface packers.

shape, types, size, components, configuration and arrangements.

Farm planting machine

Types, types of feeding devices and types of planting methods for:

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8

6

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different seed drill and planters.

Describe the operation of different planting machines.

Understand the operation of weed control machine .

Distinguish between different types of hydraulic sprayers and dusting machine.

Explain and describes the component of granular machine.

Seed drill Grass seeding

Row-crop planter Air seeders Potato planters Vegetable planter Transplanter .

Weed control

Mechanical weed control Mechanical cultivation Cultivator machines Flame weeding

Chemical herbicides control Hydraulic sprayers Hydraulic sprayers amounted to tractors High-pressure sprayers Air-plast sprayers Air-craft Spraying Dusting

Granular pesticides Soil application methods –metering devices – lateral distribution of granular.

6


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The student is expected to:

-Describe the spike and spring tooth harrow

-Distinguish between force distribution and energy requirements .

-Distinguish between types of rollers harrows and shape of surface .

-Calibrate and adjust the planter and seed drill .

-Perform the necessary

adjustments for the pest control machinery .

Primary and Secondary Tillage Equipment Assembly, disassembly and adjustment of moldboard plow – chisel plow – vibrator chisel plow – disc plow – rotary and subsoiler. The necessary adjustment on the planting machine

Leveling the planters Leveling the drawn planters

Leveling the semi-integral planters leveling the integral planter Adjusting row spacing Adjusting row marker length – adjusting seedling rate Field calibration of planters Field calibration of seeding rate - adjusting depth of plating - field operation beginning to plant - field shape and planting - driving and planting checks. The necessary adjustment on the weed machines

Mechanical weed control Chemical herbicides control Granular pesticides

20

20

20


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MEG 223 Code Farm Power and Tractors Course Title

Physics-II Prerequisite



Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

The course describes farm power sources and internal combustion engine. and engine systems components and their operations. Also, the course discussed factors affecting engine performance.

General Goal : The students should know the various power sources, distinguish between different types of tractors engine

and their main components. Also, the student explains the engine systems and factors affecting internal combustion engine.


♦ Farm power sources

♦ Tractor engine classification and their components

♦ Engine systems and their operations

♦ Factors affecting internal combustion engine performance.


Farm power sources and engine systems practical applications

Measurement of engine performance factors

Fuel pump and injectors tests.

Farm power sources and tractor Internal combustion engine (engine

components, classifications and systems) Engine performance Knocking in internal combustion engine.



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Automotive Mechanics, Crouse-Anglin, 1993. Automotive engine design, William H. Crouse, 1970.

Textbook:

The Institution of Mechanical Engineers, London, 5-7 October, 1982. Additional Reading:

References:


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The student: - Explains farm power sources and tractor

components and their operation - Distinguishes between different types of

internal combustion engine and explains engine systems. He calculates engine dimensions such as compression ratio, …etc.)

- Interprets and calculates engine performance parameters and explains the main factors affecting engine performance

- Explains the knocking in internal

combustion engine and describes main causes affecting its occurrence

Farm power sources and tractor Farm power sources Wind -solar energy-water energy– fossil fuel plants Tractor components

Tractor power Internal combustion engine

Internal combustion engine classifications Four stroke engine - two stroke engine –cylinders and firing order arrangement – cylinder umbering

Engine dimensions Bore and stroke –displacement -compression ratio –swept volume

Engine systems

Fuel system (petrol – diesel) - lubrication system -cooling system - starting system

Engine performance

Performance parameters and calculations of Engine power – torque and speed - fuel consumption – efficiencies

Factors affecting engine performance Relationship Between The Engine Maximum Power And Performance. Knocking in internal combustion engines Petrol and diesel knock

Factors affecting occurrence of knocking in internal combustion engines.

6

14

10


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The student: - Observes tractor components for

different types and their operations.

- Carries–out practical work on the

engine components and tests work the engine systems and their operations

Measures the engine performance

parameters. Tests, repairs, and adjusts fuel

injection pumps and injectors.

Farm power sources and tractor Tractor types and its components Engine components Engine systems

Fuel system -lubrication system -cooling systems -starting

system Measurement of engine performance factors Using engine test stand to carry out tests to: Determine engine performance parameter as:

Power – torque - fuel consumption Study and measure the influence of different parameters on the engine performance Fuel pump and injectors tests

Fuel flow rates at different speeds

6

12

6

6


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MEG 231 Code Fundamentals of Hydraulic Machines Course Title

Preparatory Mathematics, Physics - II Prerequisite



Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course is designed to give the students the basic knowledge in Hydraulic Machines. It describes the fundamental in fluid properties and fluid flow. Flow in pipes is discussed in brief and some measuring instruments are also described. A considerable part of the course is given to pumping equipment. Different types of pumps along with their performance and characteristic curves are covered in detail.

General Goal : The general goal of the course is to give the student the basic technical know-how in operating, maintaining

and repair of the different hydraulic machines.


♦ Understand the physical properties of liquids.

♦ Carry-out the necessary measurements in liquids flow.

♦ Understand the different types of pumps

♦ Know how to calculate and determine the characteristics of pumps.

♦ Select the suitable pump for a certain application.

♦ Trouble shoot, diagnose, maintain and repair of the deferent type of problems.


Types of flow. Friction losses. Flow measuring instruments. Types of pumps. Hydraulic systems.

Physical properties of liquids. Flow of liquids Flow in pipes. Flow measuring instruments. Pumping equipment. Hydraulic systems.



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Pumps, handbook, James; B. , Ohio, McGraw-Hill. Textbook:

Transaction of the ASME. Additional Reading:

Fluid mechanics and hydraulics, Renold; V. G., Makgrohul publishing co., last ed. Fluid mechanics and engineering applications, Ropert; L. D., last ed.

References:


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The student is expected to know:

The different physical properties of liquids. Relationship between some of them. The effect of temperature on viscosity.

Continuity equation and energy equation. Differentiate between laminar and turbulent flow.

Calculate the friction losses.

Different types of liquid measuring instruments.

Differentiate between different type of pumps.

Calculate the performance and characteristics of pumps.

Using catalogs.

Special types of pumps, valves and …etc. in hydraulic systems.

Physical properties of liquids

Shear stress Friction forces Density Specific gravity Viscosity

- Dynamic - Kinematics

Surface tension Compressibility

Fluid flow

Continuity Equation Energy Equation Applications Flow in Pipes

-Laminar flow -Turbulent flow -Reynolds’s number -Friction losses

Sudden Expansion - Vena contracta -Valves, elbows, … and etc. -Applications

Flow measuring instruments

Pitot tube Nozzle Ventura meter Rotameter Flow meters in open channels Special flow meters Hot wire anemometers –Magnetic meters Applications

Pumping equipment

Types of pumps Centrifugal pumps – Surface pumps -

Turbine pumps Positive displacement pumps Performance and characteristics curves Cavitation Applications using catalogs.

Hydraulic systems

Principals Types of pumps and valves Samples.

4

6

4

12

4


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By carrying out some lab. experiments,

the student is expected to: - Differentiate between laminar and

turbulent flow. - Appreciate the effect of sudden

expansion, vena contracta, valves…etc. on liquid flow.

- Use different types of liquid measuring instruments.

- Differentiate between different type of pumps.

- Measure the performance and

characteristics of pumps.

- Observe cavitation and its effect on pump performance. (Using Catalogue)

- Assemble and disassemble special types

of pumps and valves in hydraulic systems.

(Using Catalogue)

Types of flow

Laminar flow urbulent flow

Friction losses

Sudden expansion Vena contracta Applications

Flow measuring instruments Pitot tube Nozzle Ventura meter Rotameter Flow meters in open channels Special flow meters Hot wire anemometers Magnetic meters

Types of pumps

Centrifugal pumps Surface pumps Turbine pumps With gear head pumps With electric motor pumps Positive displacement pumps Reciprocating pumps Piston pumps Diaphragm pumps Rotary pumps Gear pumps Mono pumps Performance and characteristics curves using

catalogs Assembly and disassembly Trouble shooting and diagnosis Maintenance and repair

Hydraulic systems

Types of pumps and valves Assembly and disassembly

4

4

4

14

4


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MEG 241 Code Poultry and Animal Production Machinery Course Title

Prerequisite



Contacthr/w

15 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course is divided into different parts to give the student the technical knowledge in poultry houses and their components, the incubators. The second part of the course concentrates on poultry feed production and live stock mechanical feeding systems.

General Goal : This course is designed to give the students the basic knowledge in both poultry and dairy-farms technology.


♦ Constructs poultry housing systems

♦ Operates the eggs incubators

♦ Handles the chicken mechanical slaughtering systems

♦ Runes and maintain the cooling and freezing systems

♦ Operates the milking machines

Topics (Theory & Practice): The following topics will be discussed in the course:

Poultry housing and their components Technical matters in poultry farms Chicken mechanical slaughtering Cold storage and transpiration Milking machines Feed production technology Mechanical feeding systems for live stock.



٢٤

Commercial Chicken production, Mc Bireney and Charles A., Late ed. Textbook:

Machine Milking, Thiel and Dodd; F.H. Additional Reading:

References:


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The student: - Calculates the construction parameters for

poultry housing systems. - Describes the chicken slaughtering systems - Calculates the capacity of cold stores - Describes different milking systems Describes different feed production lines

Poultry housing

Construction and lay-out systems Cooling / heating systems Ventilation systems Lighting systems Mechanical drinking and feeding systems Eggs handling, grading and packing

systems Incubators

Types Control Operation

Chicken mechanical slaughtering systems

Cleaning Handling of slaughtered chicken Computer control systems.

Chicken cooling and freezing systems

Cold storage and transportation systems. Milking machines

Mechanical milking systems Computerized milking systems Milk storage systems.

Feed production lines

Feed crushing and mixing equipment Types Operation Feed handling Transportation

4

2

2

2

2

3


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The student:

Distinguishes between different types of poultry housing systems

Assembles, disassembles and adjusts the different feeders - Runs and maintains the different control systems - Performs the necessary adjustments - Appreciates and sees for himself the practicality

of what he studied theoretically in the course.

Poultry housing

Different types of planning poultry housing, cooling, heating and ventilation equipment.

Feeders

Mechanical and overhead tube feeding, cages feeding and eggs collecting equipment.

Control systems

Utilization, operate and maintenance the different control systems used in the poultry machinery.

Brooder – chicken slotring and storing equipment – milking machines

Feed production lines

Crushing machine, mixing equipment and mechanical feeding systems for live stoke.

Side visits

Related poultry factories.

8

4

4

6

8


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MEG 224 Code Applications of Power Transmission Course Title

Farm Power and Technology Prerequisite



Contacthr/w

15 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

The course describes power transmission components in the tractor and farm machinery and their applications.

General Goal : The students should know the power transmission methods in the tractor and farm machinery and the

theoretical and experimental basics on which the power transmission depend.


♦ Power transmission methods

♦ Tractor power transmission - Clutch components, operation and types

- Gear box components, function and types - Final drive components and functions

♦ Methods of power transmission to farm machinery

♦ Power transmission applications in farm machinery.



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Power transmission methods Tractor power transmission (Assemble

clutch, gear box, differential and final drive parts)

Power transmission methods from tractor to farm machinery

- Models of farm power transmission applications in tractor and farm machinery

- Power transmission measurement

Power transmission Tractor power transmission

Clutch Gear box Differential and Final drive

Power transmission from tractor to farm machinery

Power transmission applications in tractor and farm machinery.

Automotive Mechanics, Crouse – Anglin, 1993. Textbook:

Tractor and their power units. Additional Reading:

Automotive transmissions, 1980. Transactions of ASAE.

References:


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The student: - Explains methods of power transmission

- Distinguishes between different types of clutch, gear box and explains their components and principle of operation.

- Distinguishes and differentiates between

different methods of power transmission from tractor to farm machinery.

- Explains the methods of power transmission

applications in the tractor and farm machinery

Power transmission Methods

Tractor power transmission Clutch

Clutch types Components Clutch operation

Gear box Gear box function Gear ratio calculation Various gear box types

Differential and Final drive Components Operation

Methods of power transmission to farm machinery Draw bar Power take off (PTO) Hydraulic system Driving pulley

General power transmission applications in tractor and farm machinery Direct transmission Belts and pulleys Chains and sprocket wheels Gear Crankshaft Cams Universal joint Hydraulic power lift

2

5

3

5


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The student: - Observes the main parts of

power transmission components

- Assemble clutch, gear box, differential and final drive

- Applies different methods of

power transmission - Carries-out the models of

power transmission applications in the tractor and farm machinery

- Measures the power transmission

Power transmission Power transmission components

Tractor power transmission Clutch Clutch types, Clutch components and its operation. Assembly of clutch components Gear box Gear box types & Gear box components Assembly of Gear box parts Differential and Final drive Components & Operation

Methods of power transmission to farm machinery Draw bar Hitching height of draw bar (as an example(

Power take off Determine of power take off speed Hydraulic system Hitching test of a hydraulic system Three point hitch device Hitching implements on the three point hitch Driving pulley

Models of power transmission applications in tractor and farm machinery Direct transmission Power transferred from the engine to the pump Belts and pulleys Combined harvesting equipment Chains and sprocket wheels Irrigation equipment Gear Feeding device of seeding drill machine Crankshaft Engine Cams Engine & Feed machine Universal Joints Harvesting equipment Hydraulic power take off Tractor hydraulic system Power transmission measurement Methods and instrumentation of power transmission Measurement

2

6

7

13

2


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MEG 225 Code Test and Operation of Tractors and Agricultural Machinery - I

Course Title

Fundamentals of Ag. Technology + Farm Power and Tractors Prerequisite


2 Credit hr/w Course Description : L 4 W T

Contacthr/w

L 60 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course is designed to give the students the knowledge in operation and testing for tractors and agriculture machinery. It describes the methods of estimating tractor power available for PTO and drawbar works and how to carry out tests on soil bed preparation and cultivation equipment.

General Goal : The general goal of the course is to give the student the basic technical know-how in testing of tractors and

agricultural machines at different operating conditions.


♦ Perform and calculate the tractor resistance due to operation

♦ Test the tractor engine Performance at different operations

♦ Test the tractor breaking system at different operations

♦ Test the tractor steering and suspension systems at operation

♦ Test the tractor electric system at different operation

♦ Appreciate the tractor operation performaNce

♦ Perform and machine the tractor chassis

♦ Test and operate the soil bed preparation equipment

♦ Understand the concept of hitch systems and apply it to hitching tillage equipment

♦ Explain and perform the necessary evaluation tests to tillage and cultivaTion equipment.



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Topics (Practice):

Tractor resistance due to operation Test of engine performance at different operations Test of breaking system at different operations Test of clutch and transmission systems at different operations Test of steering and suspension systems at different operations Test of electric system at different operations Operation performance and machines of tractor chassis Calibration to soil bed preparation equipment Hitching systems for pull-types implements Hitching systems for mounted implements Hitching systems for semi-mounted implements Evaluation of the tillage operation systems.

Tillage, FMO, Jon Deere. Textbook:

Nebraska Tractor Test Procedure. Transaction of the ASAE. Transaction of the SAE. OECD Organization.

Additional Reading:

Manual of tractors, Joachim Konrad. Dynamics and performances farm tractor, Osaka, International training center, Japan, 1980. Hunt, Donnell ( 1992). Farm power and machinery management, Iowa State, USA.

References:


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The student will carry out experiments and

tests in the lab. or on the road to: - Measure the different resistance properties

for rods, slope and air. - Observe the relationship between resistance

and it’s behaviours. - Measure the effect of tractor resistance on

the tractor lost force and power.

- Test the tractor systems at different operation conditions.

- Calculate the performance and characteristics of tractors.

- Appreciate the instrumentation in the

classical cabins. - Calculate the performance and

characteristics of PTO and drawbar works.

Tractor resistance due to operation Tractor rolling resistance Tractor draft due to slope resistance Tractor air resistance Total lost force Total lost power

Test of engine performance at different operations Brake specific fuel consumption Power Torque

Test of breaking system at different operations Wheel breaking force Total breaking force

Test of transmission systems at different operations Slip factor Transmission ratios

Test of steering and suspension systems at different operations

Tire constructions and specifications Min. cornering radius Max. cornering radius

Test of electric system at different operationsStarting Motor Current at min load- current at max load- Power at different speeds. Alternator Out put at different speeds. Operation performance Controls and instrumentation in cabin cab Interior of farm tractor cab Hydraulic system performance Power Take Off , Drawbar power

4

4

4

4

4

4

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- Use cataloges for all.

Know the principles of calibration.

Explain and describe the tillage depth, operation width, leveling and profile.

Carry out the field tests for the secondary tillage equipment.

Understand the concept of hitch systems for pull, mounted and semi-mounted implements.

Evaluate the operation of tillage system.

Mechanics of tractor chassis Three-point hitch Automatic draft control system.

Calibration Lab. Calibration, field Calibration.

Calibration and testing of soil bed preparation equipment

Tillage depth, operation width, leveling the plow width, windrow turning, tillage profile shape, field capacity.

Calibration and testing of secondary tillage equipment Cultivation depth, distribution of cultivation share, specific pressure of share, travel and cultivation shape, gang attachment linkages, performance.

Hitching systems Drawbar power, three-point hitch, PTO.

Hitching systems for pull-types implements Vertical hitching, implements with hinged pull member, simple axle implements.

Horizontal hitching, pull-type mold board plows, disc plows.

Hitching systems for mounted implements Linkages, free link operation of three-point hitching, restrained link operation of three-point hitching, raft sensing.

Hitching systems for semi-mounted implements Vertical hitching and effects, horizontal hitching and effects, parallel link hitches, load transfer systems.

Evaluation of the tillage system operation Clod size, soil roughness, compaction, bulk density, draft force, fuel consumption per unit of operation wide.

4

2

4

4

2

4

4

4

4


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MEG 226 Code Maintenance of Tractors and Agricultural Machinery - I

Course Title

Farm Power and Tractors + Pre-Harvest Machinery Prerequisite



Contacthr/w

15 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course contains the fundamentals of the development and applications of various types of maintenance of tractors and agricultural machinery and their main components.

General Goal : The general goal of the course is to acquire a basic knowledge of the maintenance of tractors and agricultural

machinery and their main components.


♦ Classify different types of oils and fuels using for maintenance.

Classifiy different types of the maintenance for tractors and agricultural machinery and their main components.

♦ Explain functions significance maintenance timetable of tractors and agricultural machinery long lives.

♦ Describe importance parameters of the maintenance timetable of tractors and agricultural machinery and their main components.



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Carry out the practical work of various types of maintenance for mechanical movement parts of tractors and agricultural machinery.

Carry out the practical work of various types of timetables programming for maintenance of

Tractors and agricultural machinery.

Maintenance of tractors and agricultural machinery.

Approach to different types of the oils and fuels using for maintenance timetable of tractors and agricultural machinery and their main components.

Classification of the different types of the programming for maintenance timetable of tractors and agricultural machinery and their main components. machinery.

Methods to reduce of the maintenance costs.

Technical Fundamentals, Manual of Tractors (Joachim Konrad) Textbook:

Transaction of SAE, ASAE. Additional Reading:

Automotive Handbook (Bosch) 2nd Edition. Agricultural Machinery-Motors (Diesel)-Maintenance and Repair, Davis, G., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice Hall, 1983. Auto Service & Repair, Stockel and Johanson, Willcox Company, Inc, Tinley Park, Illions, 1996.

References:


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The student:

Identifies the components of tractors which need to be maintained .

Identifies the components of agricultural machinery which need to be maintained .

Explains the construction, basic characteristics and quality of oils & fuels used in maintenance.

Classifies different types of the maintenance program planning tractors. He explains significance of maintenance timetables working long lives.

Classifies different types of the maintenance program planning for agricultural machinery. He explains significance of maintenance timetables working long lives.

Distinguishes between different methods, which can reduce the total man/hours requirements.

Maintenance of tractors & agricultural machinery

Operation of agricultural machinery Traction device, number of driving wheels, trailed, implements, mounted & semi mounted implements, self propelled.

Oil, fuels and maintenance

Daily maintenance, periodical maintenance, main maintenance, protective maintenance. Classification of oils & fuels, rate of performance and maintenance, relationship between maintenance and repair, recommendations .

Classification of the different types of programming of maintenance for tractors .

Classification of the different types of programming of maintenance for Agricultural machinery.

Methods to reduce maintenance costs.

3

3

3

3

3


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The student:

Determines maintenance limits dependant on the man/hour required for agricultural machinery & tractors .

Describes by using a sequence of operations, working hours in connection with types of maintenance and total working timetables.

Types of maintenance Visibility practical work using suitable equipment.

Developing maintenance skills

Application of required maintenance for:

Tractors Agricultural machinery

14

16


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MEG 232 Code Principles of Irrigation and Drainage Machinery

Course Title

Fundamentals of Hydraulic Machines Prerequisite



Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course describes the various types of equipment for farm irrigation systems and agricultural drainage.

General Goal : The general goal of this course is the study of different types of farm irrigation systems and their main

accessories. The student should know the principles equipment of agricultural drainage systems.


♦ Understands the general principles of farm irrigation systems. ♦ Lists and describes the sprinkler irrigation equipment.

♦ Defines the trickle irrigation equipment. ♦ Lists and describes the functional parameters and components of trickle irrigation.

♦ Distinguishes between different types of mobile raingun and pivot systems. ♦ Acquires basic knowledge of the irrigation accessories.

♦ Describes and distinguishes between different equipment system of drainage.


Farm irrigation measurement. Soil moisture measurement. Test and adjust the sprinklers and trickles. Assemble and disassemble the sprinklers and trickles accessories.

Farm irrigation equipment Surface irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation Spray lines irrigation Trickle irrigation Agricultural drainage equipment Surface drainage Subsurface drainage.



٤٠

Sprinkler Irrigation , Accessories and Application. Trickle Irrigation design, Rain Bied.

Textbook:

Transactions of ASAE. Additional Reading:

References:


٤١



The student: - Understands the general principles from

irrigation equIpment, types and systems.

- Describes the sprinkler irrigation types-

components and accessories .

- Lists and describes the mobile raingun systems.

- Differentiates and explains the spray lines equipment, accessories and operation.

- DistinguisheS between different types of mobile raingun and pivot system

- Chooses the sprinkler system

- Knows the trickle components and accessories.

Surface irrigation

- Flooding irrigation - cheek strip flooding - border irrigation - basins irrigation - furrow irrigation Sprinkler irrigation equipment

- Rotary sprinklers specification - Water distribution rate - set time - water hammer-

application rate.

- Conventional systems - Portable system - permanent system - semi-

permanent system.

- System components and accessories.

Mobile Raingun General features, hydrodynamic drive machine, water supply tube, components and accessories for house-pull, house-reel, swing-arm and water turbine raingum systems.

Spraylines Stationary oscillating and rotating spray lines.

Construction, features, water supply, components and accessories

Mobile travel system Center pivot system

Driven mechanism- water application- field management Side move system

Water application – components – operation- management- valve control and field timing .

Choosing a sprinkler system Water supply – plant – field surface – level- soil water distribution- persistent– maintenance – requirement- economic- technical limitation.

Trickle irrigation Components and innovations.

Emitters- distribution lines- fittings- system control- water measurement- automation.

2

4

4

4

4

4

4


٤٢

- Differentiates and explains the surface drainage equipment, accessories and operation.

- DescriBes the subsurface drainage equipment, accessories and operation.

system evaluation system management

Surface drainage system Drainage requirements and plant growth.

Drainage flow Drawdown flow – flow in homogenous- heterogeneous- anisotropic soils and in interceptor drains.

Water table movement. Subsurface drainage.

Types of subsurface drainage Tile , perforated and mole drains Depth and spacing Interceptor drain location The drains machines Wheel excavators, endless-chain excavators and . hoe excavators.

Tile drainage accessories.

Surface inlet, blind inlet, sedimentation basin, relief pipes and filters.

2

2


٤٣



The student: -Calculates the water discharge- velocity

measuring- pressure measuring - water distribution- application rate- uniformity distribution – set time.

-Calculates the soil specifications

-Describes and draws the components and accessories of irrigation machinery.

-Calculates the uniformity, emitter variability and emitter clogging.

Farm irrigation measurements.

Water discharge- velocity measuring- pressure measuring - water distribution- application rate- uniformity distribution – set time.

Soil specifications Soil moisture tension – available water- infiltration rate – evaporation.

The components and accessories sprinkler, mobile raingun, spray lines, pivot and side travel systems and trickle irrigation.

Emission Uniformity, emitter variability and system evaluation Crop Response- application fertilizer- irrigation scheduling- water placement and plant rooting.

-Reasons for emitter clogging

-Evaluation of emitter clogging.

8

6

8

8


٤٤


MEG 251 Code Fundamentals of Food Processing and Equipment

Course Title

Physics - II Prerequisite



Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course covers the thermodynamic principles, fluid flow, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, electric and steam power generation and their utilisation in food industry. General description of different metals used in food process and equipment technology and their properties. Also the course describes in brief the sources of water used in the food process technology and the treatment of that water. The course will also discuss the humid air and its properties and the use of the psychometric chart.

General Goal : The student should know the basics engineering principles, power and the materials used in the food

processing and equipment technology.

Behavioral Objectives : At the end of the course, the student is expected to appreciate and calculate the following:

♦ The first law of thermodynamics, mass balance andenergy balance.

♦ The power fluids flow.

♦ Steam flow rates and heat energy needed for heating in food processing.

♦ Physical and chemical properties of metals used in food process and equipment technology.

♦ Physical, chemical and biological properties of water to be used in food process and equipment technology.

♦ Properties of humid air.

Topics (Theory & Practice):

Principles of Themodynamics

Fluid flow

Viscosity

Friction and friction factor

Metals used in food industry

Steam and electric power generation

Water sources and Water treatment

Humid air and pyschrometry.


٤٥



٤٦

Introduction to Food Engineering R. Paul Singh & Dennis R. Heldman, 1984

Textbook:

Fundamentals of Agricultural Process Engineering (Arabic), Dr. Ahmed F. Al-Sihrigi, 1997

Additional Reading:

Food & Dairy Labs. Engineering (Arabic), Dr. Amer Al-Dahhan, 1981 Food process Engineering (2nd Edition), Dennis Heldman & R. Paul Singh 1981

References:


٤٧



The student is expected to Understand, explain and calculate the following objectives:

- Energy balance, mass balance.

- Viscosity; friction factor ;

- Physical and chemical properties of metals.

- Sensible and latent heat, boiler horse power and steam flow rates. Steam properties( steam tables (

- Electric voltage, starting currents, torque, horse power and required rpm.

- Physical chemical and biological properties

- Humid air properties, abs. and relative humidity, dry and wet bulb temperatures, specific volume etc, psychrometry .

First and second law of thermodynamics Steady state flow equation, thermodynamic cycles –conservation of energy .

Newtonian And Non-Newtonian Fluids Friction and friction factor flow in pipes, pressure drop in pipes, flow measurements, viscosity measurements

Metals Different types of metals, physical and Chemical properties of metals used in food equipment, effect of metals on food commodities.

Steam Wet, saturated and super-heated steam, steam Generation systems, boilers, components of steam boilers, steam boiler power and efficiency, safety and maintenance of steam boilers, steam tables

Electrical Power Electric terms, different types of electric motors, heating methods by electric power, electric power calculations.

Water Sources Water treatment, physical, chemical and biological properties of water used in food industry.

Humid Air Properties of humid air, different processes of humid air, psychrometry.

6

4

4

6

4

2

4


٤٨



The student will carry-out some experiments to

Measure temp., pressure, velocity, elevation and then calculate energy balance

Measure viscosity, friction factor

Calculate sensible and latent heat, boiler horse power and steam flow rates.

Measure and calculate electric voltage, starting currents, torque, horse power and required rpm.

Measure and calculate humid air properties, abs. and relative humidity, dry and wet bulb temperatures, specific volume etc, psychrometry .

1st and 2nd law of Thermodynamics

Applications Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids

Friction and friction factor flow in pipes, pressure drop in pipes, flow measurements, viscosity measurements using capillary tube rheometers.

Steam properties calculations

Wet saturated and super-heated steam, steam generation, boilers, components of steam boilers, steam boiler power and efficiency, safety and maintenance of steam boilers.

Basic electrical measurements Humidity measurements

Dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature measurements.

8

6

6

6

4


٤٩


MEG 321 Code Harvesting and Post Harvest Machinery Course Title

Fundamentals of Ag. Technology + Pre-Harvest Machinery Prerequisite


3 Credit hr/w Course Description : 2 L

2 W T

Contacthr/w

30 L

30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course contains the following topics: The Post-harvesting machines for hay, forge,

hay conditioners, rakes, balers, grain and seeds. Corn picking, shelling, root crop and fruit

harvesting machines. Equipment for handling materials.

General Goal : This course is designed to give the student the appreciation and knowledge in dealing with harvesting and

post-harvesting machines.


♦ List and describe the harvesting machines

♦ The operation system of different types of harvesting machines.

♦ Select and adjust the post harvest machine

♦ Carry out practical work to prepare, attach and detach the harvesting and post-harvesting machines.


Hay and forage harvesting machines Hay conditioners Mower, conditioner and wind rower machines Rakes Balers-packaging and handling hay. Grain and seed harvesting Corn picking and shelling Root crop harvesting Equipment for handling materials.



٥٠

Farm machinery and Equipment. Smith and Wilkes Mc Graw Hill Publications in Ag Sciences. Textbook:

Principles of Farm machinery, R.A. Kepner, Roy Bainer and El. Barger, 1982 Agricultural Engineers Yearbook, American society of Ag. Eng. 2950 Niles Road,st. Joseph , Michigan 45085

Additional Reading:

Fundamentals of farm machinery Marshall F. Finner and Richard J. straub. (1998) American publ. Co. Farm power and machinery management, Donnell R., Iowa press, Ames, Iowa Fundamentals of machine operation series. Combine harvesting Hay and forage harvesting John Deer service publication, John Deer Road, Moline

References:


٥١



The student:

Understands the principles of reciprocating & rotary mowers.

Describes the different types of conditioners.

Differentiates between wind rower and rakes.

Distinguishes between different types of balers.

Hay and forage harvesting machines

Reciprocating mowers Rotary mowers:

Cylinder mower Disc mowers

Hay conditioner machines

Theories of conditioner Types of conditioner maChines Crusher machines -crimper machines -conditioner width.

Conditioner components PTO drive shaft – gear case -upper and lower roll drive chains – conditioning rolls - window- forming shields- operation and adjustments - Tractor preparation - conditIoner preparation

Wind rower machines

Wind rowers types Pulled wind rowers Wind rower drive

Hydraulic drive Mechanical drive

Rakes

Types and size Describe raking characteristics Analysis of raking actions Rake operating parameters that affect leaf shatter

Balers-packaging and handling

Conventional balers Round balers

4

4

2

2

2


٥٢

Describes the different components of combine.

Describes the threshing mechanisms.

Explains & describes the different types of corn harvesters.

Describes potato harvesting machine

-Distinguishes between different type of fruit harvesters.

-Explains different equipment for handling materials .

Grain and seed harvesting

Functional components of combine Types and sources of seed losses Cutting and conveying Principles and types of threshIng mechanisms Separating - straw-walker performance - walker length -shoe operating conditions and cleaning -shoe performance - combine performance

Corn picking and shelling

Types of corn harvesters Functional components of corn harvesting Gathering units -snapping units -trash removal –husking units - shelling units -kernel damage

Root crop harvesting

Potato harvesting Methods and equipment –digging and soil separation –separating potatoes from stones and clods – minimising damage an harvesting and Handling

Fruit Harvesting

Mechanical tree shakers -shake- catch harvesting -grape harvesting

Equipment For Handling materials

Farm wagons Wagon running gears -self-unloading wagon –mixer wagons - gravity wagons - front end loaders

Farm elevators Bell elevators – augers

4

4

4

2

2


٥٣



The student:

Assembles and disassembles hay and forage harvesting machines .

Assembles and disassembles hay conditioners machines

Assembles and disassembles combine hay harvesting machines

Adjusts and calibrates the mounted rakes, train wheel rake and parallel rakes.

Hay and Forage harvesting machine

Reciprocating mower machine Safety – attaching and

detaching - preparing the reciprocating mower

Lab. Adjustments float spring - cutter bar

lift - cutter bar tilt - cutter bar lead Rotary mower machine

Cylinder and disk mower Safety – mower height

and control of harvesting wide .

Hay conditioners

Lab. adjustment for:

Harvesting width and speed

Control of wind row size Opening a field and turning

Combine hay harvesting

Mower- conditioner and wind rower operation

Components and functions Platform and flotation -

conditioner drive- wind row forming Lab. Adjustment

Knife selection - platform flotation - cutter bar tilt – strippers - reel adjustment - reel speed -reel teeth and timing

Rakes

Rear mounted parallel-bar rakes -main frame – PTO shaft – drive sheave-front and rear

4

4

4

4


٥٤

Adjusts the rectangular & round balers.

Adjusts the grain combine harvesters.

Assembles and disassembles the root crop harvester.

ends- tooth bar – stropper rods – caster wheels Trailed wheel rake

Tongue- main frame – raking- wheel beam – lift crank – raking wheels – teeth- float springs

Adjustments Parallel- bar rakes -wheel rakes –controls Direction of travel –transport and safety

Balers

Rectangular balers Tying mechanism - needle protection Tractor preparation - attaching the baler Preliminary setting and adjustments

Drive – train protection - timing feeder teeth - timing needles - twine tension

Round Balers Tractor preparation – attaching the baler –final inspection – prepare twin system - loading twine - threading the baler - checking hydraulic system - transport and safety

Grain and seed harvesting

Laboratory testing: reel height – reel revolution- cutter bar stroke - revolution number of platform auger- feeder – conveyor speed – clearance of cylinder and concave - fan speed – straw walkers speed and shoe sizes - cylinder revolution - cylinder clearance – control of grain losses - field testing

Root crop harvesting

Laboratory testing: Digging level, soil preparation, platform revaluation number, elevator, cylinder, and cleaning.

6

4

4


٥٥


MEG 322 Code Agricultural Machinery Management Course Title

Testing and Operation of Tractors & Ag. Machinery - I Prerequisite


2 Credit hr/w Course Description : 2 L W T

Contacthr/w

30 L W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course describes the basic knowledge which is related to machine capacity, field efficiency and the matching between machine size and capacity. Based on this, the machinery costs, trading, future capacity needs and the planning of the machinery are tackled in this course.

General Goal : This course is designed to guide the student to the most important steps in becoming a good machinery

manager through the learning of machinery management and economics.


♦ Know the problems which communally facing the owner of machines.

♦ Measure machine capacity.

♦ Estimate field efficiency.

♦ Determine power requirement.

♦ Calculate the total cost of machinery.

♦ Prepare the basic plan of machinery management.

Topics (Theory):


٥٦

Machine capacity Field efficiency Matching machine size and capacity Power requirements Machinery costs. Machinery trading Future capacity needs. Starting machinery management.



٥٧

Farm Power and Machinery Management, Hunt, Donnell, Iowa State University, Late addition. Textbook:

Modern Concepts of Farm Machinery Management, Bowers; wundell, Stipes publishing Co., Champaign, Illinois, Late addition.

Additional Reading:

Machinery Management (FMO), Deere & Co., Moline, Illinois, Late addition. References:


٥٨



The student should be able to:

Specify the problems facing the owner of machines

Measure machine capacity

Estimate of field efficiency.

Match size and capacity

Determine power requirement

Introduction Typical problems:

How many equipment should be owned?

What size of equipment is needed?

How often should machinery be traded?

Should custom operator be hired or a machine be leased?

How can the fuel costs be kept to a minimum?

Machine capacity

Meaning of machine capacity The important of machine capacity Types of machine capacity Methods of measuring machine capacity

Field efficiency

Definition of field efficiency Estimation of field efficiency Improving of field efficiency

Matching machine size and capacity

Way of matching

Power requirements

Engine types Power rating Soil resistance to machine Tractor size Sizing for critical work

2

4

4

2

4


٥٩

Calculate total cost of machinery.

Prepare basic plan of machinery management

Select tractor and machine size

Machinery costs.

Fixed costs Variable costs Total costs

Machinery trading

Establishing trading quid lines Average cost per unit of use Machine obsolescence Machine reliability Worn out machinery Estimating machine life

Future capacity needs.

Selecting tractor size Selecting machine size

Starting machinery management. Developing basic skills Applying machinery management skulls. Case study

6

4

2

2


٦٠


MEG 361 Code Test and Operation of Tractors and Agricultural Machinery - II

Course Title

Test and Operation of Tractors and Agricultural Machinery - I Prerequisite



2 W T

Contacthr/w

30 L

30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course is designed to give the students the knowledge in operations and testing for both tractors and agriculture machinery. An in-depth description of the methods for estimating the tractor available power is given.

A considerable part of the course is given to different types of tractors and farm machinery along with their operation, performance and characteristic curves.

General Goal : The general goal of the course is to give the student an in-depth technical know-how in testing and operation

of tractors and agricultural machines.


♦ understand the concept of testing, evaluating and calibrating of the tractor and agricultural machines at different operation conditions.

♦ perform the necessary adjustments and tests of the mechanical parts and systems of tractors.

♦ perform the necessary adjustments and tests of the mechanical parts for planting, sprayers, mowers, rakes and combine machines.



٦١


Implements resistance on the tractor due to operation ractor operation performance Power transmission from tractor to other implements Tractor sound measurements Tractor stability Evaluation of planting machines Test and calibration of sprayers machines Test and calibration of granular pesticides Test and calibration of mowers Test and calibration of rear mounted racks Test and calibration of combine machine.

Fundamentals of machine operation, FMO-John-Deere, late ed. Combine machine operator’s manual, John-Deere, late ed.

Textbook:

Nebraska Tractor Test Procedure. Transaction of the ASAE. Transaction of the SAE. OECE Organisation.

Additional Reading:

Principles of farm machinery, Bainer Roy, Kepner; R. A. and Barger; E.R., Late ed. Principle of field crop prodution, Martin, Jon H. and Leonard, warren h., McMillan, New York. Late ed. Conservation Farming; F., Jon Deere Road, Moline. Agricultural machinery , FOM, Jon Deere Road, Moline.

References:


٦٢




Calculate the different resistance properties for rods and slope.

Calculate the performance and characteristics of PTO and drawbar works.

Calculate the acoustic noise due to tractor systems.

Calculate the tractor stability

Use catalogs for all.

Evaluate the performance of the planting machines

Calculate the capacity and field efficiency planting machines

Calculate the capacity and field efficiency sprayers machines

Resistance of implements due to operations

Implement rolling resistance Implement draft due to slope resistance Total tension force Total tension power

Power transmission from tractor to other implements

Hydraulic system performance Power take off performance

Effects of power take off on the tractor

Drawbar performance Effects of drawbar force on the

tractor

Sound measurements

Engine Transmission Tires PTO power Global tractor systems

Tractor stability

Max. longitudinal slope on the tractor Max. lateral slope on the tractor

Planting machines

Draft force, Fuel consumption, side distribution, longitudinal distribution, seed rate, capacity and field efficiency .

Sprayer machines

4

6

2

4

2

2


٦٣

Calculate the capacity and field efficiency granular pesticides

Define seed losses, cylinder speed, shoe for a combine machine.

Over lapping boom sprayer, pressure control in boom sprayer, nozzles arrangement, spray mixtures

Granular pesticides

Uniformity of distribution, lateral distribution .

Mowers

Quality of harvesting, tractor and mower preparation, final inspection to attach

Rear mounted rake

Tractor and rake preparation, final check, towed rake.

Combine machine

Types seed losses, adjusting the reel position and cutter bar, performance of threshing cylinder, operation conduction of cylinder losses, seed damage, straw walker calibration, shoe operating conditions, overall combine performance.

2

2

2

4


٦٤



The student is expected by carrying out experiments and tests in the lab. or on the road to:

Measure the different resistance properties for rods, slope and air.

Observe the relationship between resistance and it’s behaviors.

Measure the effect of implements resistance on the tension force and power.

Appreciate the instrumentation in modern cabin and the classical ones.

Calculate the performance and characteristics of PTO and drawbar works.

Measure the acoustic noise due to tractor systems.

Observe gradient stability for both long. and lateral.

Use catalogs for all.

Adjust the row spacing.

Resistance of implements due to operations Implement rolling resistance Implement draft due to slope resistance Total tension force Total tension power

Operation performance Controls and instrumentation in modern cabin cab Interior of farm tractor modern cab

Power transmission from tractor to implements Hydraulic system performance Power take off performance

Effects of power take off on the tractor Drawbar performance

Effects of drawbar force on the tractor

Sound measurements Engine Transmission Tires PTO power Global tractor systems

Tractor stability Max. longitudinal slope on the tractor Max. gradient lateral slope on the tractor

Evaluation of planting machines Lab. Adjustment

4

2

4

4

2

2


٦٥

Measure the sprayer machine characteristics

Measure the granular pesticides characteristics

Evaluate the performance of mowers

Measure the rear mounted rake characteristics

Measure the combine machine characteristics

Attaching the tractor, leveling the planter, adjusting row spacing, adjusting marker length, adjusting seeding rate.

Field operation Beginning to plant, field shape, planting patterns,

driving and planting checks

Test and calibration of sprayers machines Measuring drift, spray angle, flow rate, droplet

size, height of boom.

Test and calibration of granular pesticides Testing the metering devices on discharge rate.

Test and calibration of mowers Preliminary settings and adjustments, float spring,

cutter bar lift, cutter bar tilt, cutter bar lead.

Field operation Field adjustment Speed, cutting height, grass board and stick

Test and calibration of rear mounted rake Lab. adjustment Tooth bitch, tooth bar, wheel rake.

Field operation Controls, travel, wind row turning.

Field adjustment Speed, height of teeth, transport.

Test and calibration of combine machine Lab. adjustment

Cutter-bar speed, reel position, height of header, cylinder clearance, etc..

Lab. testing Cylinder, walker, shoe

Field testing Discharge from walkers, shoe and

seed grain tank.

Field adjustment Harvesting height, speed, driving

and harvesting checks.

2

2

2

4

4


٦٦


٦٧


MEG 362 Code Maintenance of Tractors and Agricultural Machinery - II

Course Title

Maintenance of Tractors and Agricultural Machinery - I Prerequisite

65 4 3 2 1 Semester 3 Credit hr/w Course Description : 2 L 2 W T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W

T

Contact hr/sem.

In this course, the student is presented with: The study of wear in mechanical movements

of agricultural machinery and tractors which are dependent on their performance.

An overview about essential causes of maintenance program planning and its costs.

General Goal : This course is designed to deepen the student knowledge in maintenance of tractors and agricultural

machinery and their main components.


♦ Distinguish between essential properties of maintenance oils.

♦ Classify the different types of maintenance programs planning for tractors and agricultural machinery and their main components.

♦ Explain the significance of maintenance timetables of tractors and agricultural machinery in working long lives.

♦ Determine the limits of important parameters which are dependent on the man\hours

♦ required for each tractors and agricultural machinery.

♦ Describe using a squence of operations in connection between the types of maintenance and the total working timetables.



٦٨


Carry out the practical work of various types of maintenance for agricultural tractors and Machinery to deepen their knowledge.

Carry out the practical work of highest skills for maintenance timetables programming and

Determine the requirements of the man/hours suitable for various types of maintenance of

Tractors and agricultural machinery.

Maintenance oils classifications. Maintenance oils properties. Classification of the program planning for

maintenance of the tractors and agricultural machinery.

Methods to reduce and control the maintenance man/hours requirements.

Technical Fundamentals, Manual of Tractors (Joachim Konrad) Textbook:

Transaction of SAE, ASAE. Additional Reading:

Automotive Handbook (Bosch) 2nd Edition. Agricultural Machinery-Motors (Diesel)-Maintenance and Repair, Davis, G., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice Hall, 1983. Bibliographical References and Abstracts, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Agricultural Research Administration, Ministry of Agricultural and Water, 1982. Auto Service & Repair, Stockel and Johanson, Willcox Company, Inc, Tinley Park, Illions, 1996.

References:


٦٩



The student:

Classifies different types of maintenance oils .

Distinguishes between different types of properties of oils. He explains the construction and main components of oil and fuels .

Classifies different types of the maintenance program planning for agricultural machinery and tractors. He explains significance of maintenance timetables working long lives.

Distinguishes between different methods, which can reduce the total man/hours requirements.

Maintenance oil classifications

Maintenance oil properties

Classification of program planning for maintenance of tractors and agricultural machinery.

Methods to reduce and control the maintenance man/hours requirements.

8

8

8

6


٧٠



The student:

Applies maintenance procedures to tractors and agricultural machinery

Carries out the necessary maintenance for tractors and agricultural machinery and main their components by aids of available equipment.

Maintenance for tractors and agricultural machinery

Practical work to various types of tractors and agricultural machinery and their main components.

Practical work to determine the limits of the important parameters which are dependent on the total man/hours requirements for each type of maintenance for tractors and agricultural machinery and their main components.

14

16


٧١


MEG 363 Code Food Processing and Equipment - I Course Title

Fundamentals of Food Processing and Equipment Prerequisite



2 W T

Contacthr/w

30 L

30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course discusses a selection of the most popular mechanical unit operations in the food industry. It describes the different systems and equipment used. It covers specifically the mechanical handling of the food equipment technology, the milling and pressing, the extraction, filtration, centrifugation, screening, sedimentation and the mechanical mixing systems and equipment.

General Goal : The student should understand, operate and maintain the systems and equipment of the mechanical unit

operations.


♦ Appreciate, measure or calculate the following objectives:

♦ Different mechanisms of cleaning units.

♦ Conveyors belt cross sectional area, capacity of conveyors and power required.

♦ Technology of different milling processes.

♦ Pressure drop across filters.

♦ Rate of fat separation in centrifuge.

♦ Different techniques of mixing process.

Topics (Theory & Practice): The systems and equipment of the following processes:

Cleaning units Mechanical handling of solid and liquid foods. Size reduction processes. Agitating and mixing processes. Mechanical separation processes.



٧٢

Agricultural Process Engineering. 3rd ed., 1980, Henderson, S M, and Perry; R L, AVI Publ. Co. Westport CT. Textbook:

Unit Operation in Food Processing. 2nd ed., 1985 R L Earle, Pergamon Press. Oxford.

Additional Reading:

Food process Engineering (2nd Edition), Dennis Heldman & R. Paul Singh, 198, AVI Publ. Co., Westport CT. References:


٧٣




Observe cleaning units purposes

Calculate conveyors belt cross sectional area, power required, capacity of conveyors, air velocity in pneumatic conveyors

Appreciate the technology of milling

Calculate filtration rate, pressure drop across filter.

Calculate rate of fat separation in centrifuge.

Determine critical settling point, terminal velocity.

Appreciate the mixing technology.

Cleaning units

food contaminants –methods of cleaning – dry cleaning – brushing – attrition cleaning – wet cleaning – soaking – spraying.

Mechanical handling units

Belt conveyors –properties – calculations– chain conveyors – types – capacity – power required. Screw conveyors – properties – capacity. Bucket conveyors – power required – pneumatic conveyors – advantages and disadvantages – types –air velocity.

Milling

Commercial size reduction machines, hammer and hammer-cage mill – rotor crushers – granulators – choppers – hydraulic press – plate presses – cage presses – continuous press – mechanical press.

Filtration

Constant rate filtration – constant pressure filtration – mechanisms of filtration – filtration rate – pressure drop across filter

Centrifugation – different types – different parts of the centrifuge – rate of fat separation.

Screening

Flat bed screens – rotary screens, sedimentation – free sedimentation – critical settling point – terminal velocity.

Mechanical mixing

Liquid mixing – viscous liquid mixing – solid material mixing.

4

6

6

6

4

4


٧٤



The student:

Acquaints with different conveying and handling equipment.

Acquaints the student with different mixing technology techniques.

Differentiates between mechanical and reverse osmosis filtration systems.

Determines centrifugal and gravitational forces necessary for separation.

Determines the terminal velocity

Appreciates and sees for himself the practicality of what he studied theoretically in the course .

Mechanical conveying and handling systems.

Milling and press systems in food industries applications

Mechanical filtration systems, filtration volume and time.

Operational performance

Mechanical separation systems using centrifugal forces.


Volume separation systems by sieving.

Statistical analysis Prevention of sticking and bridging of particles .

Sedimentation systems and processes.

Tests for separation of low and high concentration suspensions.

Mechanical mixing processes and systems.


Site visit Grain silos Corporation Milk dairy factories

4

4

4

4

2

2

2

8


٧٥


MEG 364 Code Food Processing and Equipment - II Course Title

Fundamentals of Food Processing and Equipment Prerequisite



2 W T

Contacthr/w

30 L

30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

This course discusses a selection of most of the popular thermal unit operations in the food industry. It describes the different systems and equipment used. The course covers specifically the evaporation of liquid food, drying, refrigeration and freezing and the thermal processing methods.

General Goal : The student should understand, operate and maintain the systems and equipment of food thermal unit

operations.


♦ Know the different components of evaporators, dryers, freezers & all other thermal unit –operations equipment.

♦ Select the right equipment for the right application.

♦ Carryout simple calculations for different processes.

♦ Operate & maintain the equipment of different processes.

Topics (Theory & Practice): Evaporation, components of evaporator, evaporators types. Heat of evaporation. Drying, components of dryers, dryers types, simple calculation in drying processes. Refrigeration & freezing, creation of low temperature, refrigeration system components, freezing

systems, cold stores, simple refrigeration calculations. Thermal processing, blanching, pasteurisation equipment, sterilisation equipment, roasting equipment,

microwave heating.



٧٦

Fundamentals of Food Process Engineering. 2nd ed., 1991, Romeo T Toledo, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. Textbook:

Unit Operation in Food Processing. 2nd ed., 1985, R L Earle, Pergamon Press. Oxford. Additional Reading:

Food process Engineering (2 nd Edition), Dennis Heldman & R. Paul Singh, 1981, AVI Publ. Co., Westport CT. References:


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Know the different components of an evaporator.

Appreciate the heat transfer in the evaporation process

Know the heat necessary for evaporation.

Know the different components of a typical dryer.

Numerate the requirements for choosing a dryer.

Carry out simple drying calculations.

Know the components of a refrigeration system.

Select the suitable freezer for a certain application.

Get familiar with cold stores.

Evaporation

Components of the evaporator:

Evaporator space - heating source – condenser- vacuum pump.

Evaporators types:

Batch-type pan evaporator – natural circulation evaporators – rising film evaporators – falling film evaporators – forced- circulation evaporators

Drying Components of drying systems:

Fans, Controlled heaters- Container for distribution of drying air- Ventilator of exhaust air.

Heaters fuel for heaters- natural gas- liquefied petroleum-electric heaters- biomass- solar heaters - heat exchanging

Controls Temperature control, safety control.

Dryers types:

Batch dryers, continuous flow dryers- cross flow dryers- rack type dryers- concurrent flow dryers- counter current flow dryers- deep-bed dryers – advantages & disadvantages of each type of dryers- system parameters- stirring devices- grain recirculation.

Refrigeration & freezing storage with low temperature, methods of creating low temperatures, industrial refrigeration systems, freezing systems, air-blast freezers, belt freezers, immersion freezers, frozen food storage, refrigeration calculations.

Thermal processing Blanching equipment, pasteurization & pasteurization units, sterilization & sterilization equipment, roasting & frying equipment, microwave heating

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Study the different types of heat exchangers & appreciate through running an experiment the change in temperature from inlet to outlet.

Observe the effect on temperature when changing flow rates.

Measure concentration, pressure, temperature and flow rate.

Determine moisture loss rate.

Run and maintain cooling & refrigeration units

Run and maintain a typical pasteurizer.

Collect time temperature data for a certain product.

Appreciate and see for himself the practicality of what he studied theoretically in the course.

The use of heat exchangers in food processing.

Counter current and parallel flow requirements.

Food concentration systems & equipment.

Operational performance, heating medium conditions, energy balance.

Necessary maintenance

Food drying systems & equipment.

Moisture loss and moisture content , mass & energy balance.

Necessary maintenance

Food cooling & freezing systems & equipment.

Refrigeration unit components, controlling temperature relative humidity, quick versus slow freezing.

Liquid food pasteurization systems & equipment.

Pasteurization history( heating – holding – cooling) using plate heat exchangers.

Thermal process adequacy.

Packed food sterlization systems & equipment.

Graphical and formula methods.

Roasting systems & equipment Microwave heating in food processing

Site visit Typical food processing factories.

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MEG 365 Code Planning of Irrigation and Drainage Networks

Course Title

Irrigation and Drainage Machinery Prerequisite



2 W T

Contacthr/w

30 L

30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

In this course, the student studies the different irrigation, drainage and planning networks for sprinklers and trickle systems.

General Goal : This course is designed to give the student an idea about the principles of planning different irrigation and

drainage networks, calculate and execute the networks.


♦ Plans and calculates the sprinkler irrigation systems

♦ Plans and constructs the trickle irrigation

♦ Describes and distinguishes between different equipment, accessories of irrigation and drainage networks.


Pipelines Pressure regulators Different types of irrigation networks.

Irrigation methods Planning and construction of:

- Sprinkler networks - Trickle networks - Drainage system.


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Trickle irrigation design, Rain Bird Ag. irrigation equipment, Rain Bird Landscape irrigation products, Rain Bird

Textbook:

A Traveling trickle irrigation system, (19). phene C.J.,T.A. Howell and M.D. Sikorski. US Dep. of Ag., California

Additional Reading:

References:


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Describes different irrigation systems

Calculates:

- The flow rate - Diameters of pipeline - The total head and pump discharge

Calculates the trickle networks

Calculates the drainage network

Planing of sprinkler irrigation networks The selection of irrigation methods Land preparation- variability of soil types- water quantity and quality – climate – crop- operation- labours- costs

The layout of the system Selection of the sprinkler Selection of the nozzle Planing of the sprinkler lateral Planing of the main pipeline system The total losses and discharge rate Selection the pump Factors affecting trickle planing Water source – type of crops - topographic condition- slope- soil infiltration-labour and costs.

Planing of trickle networks Irrigation water requirement per plant Emitter number and spacing Operation time Lateral line design sub-main and main lines

Control head determine Filtration system (types and capacity(

Chemigation methods Control valves and pressure Factors affecting drainage network Conditions of soil-water, surface water and soil - types of tile drains duct and pipe line joints.

Planing of drainage network Types of drainage network Natural or random network Herring bone network Main, lateral and sub-lateral connection Depth and slope of pipelines Diameters and distance between pipeline of drainage.

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Describes different sizes of pipeline

Determines the pressure control points and filter sizes.

Defines and describe the pumps requirements.

Executes and collects the irrigation networks.

Calculates the drainage network problems.

Types and sizes of pipeline Line fittings for low volume system Combination PVC and polyethylene irrigation tubing

Determination of pressure control points

Determination of filter requirements

Determination of pump requirements Design pressure Lateral loss Lateral fitting loss Manifold loss Pressure regulator loss Sub main loss Main line loss Sand separator loss Misc. loss

Carry out the:

Sprinkler network Control head of sprinkler network Trickles irrigation network Control head of trickles network Collect the fertiliser unit systems

Problems of drainage network Exercises

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MEG 366 Code Well Drilling Equipment Course Title

Irrigation and Drainage Machinery Prerequisite



2 W T

Contacthr/w

L

30 W 30 T

Contact hr/sem.

This course gives a complete survey of well drilling equipment and its application problems, hydraulic cycle, hydraulics of wells, pumping tests, well development and testing wells for draw down and yield.

General Goal : The general goal of the course is to acquire a basic knowledge of the fundamentals of hydrological cycle and

hydraulics of wells, planning of irrigation well, well screens, gravel packing and well construction procedures and selecting the testing wells for draw down and wells yield.

Behavioral Objectives: At the end of the course, the student is expected to:

♦ Understand the hydrologic cycle and hydraulics of wells.

♦ Explain aquifer characteristics of wells.

♦ Understand the methods of well construction procedures and equipment.

♦ Describe and distinguish between different equipment of well construction.


Well equipment and procedures Well diameter- thickness of casing pipes and

screens and well depth. Testing the well failure; discharge and water

level

The hydrologic cycle Irrigation wells Hydraulics of wells Well pumping tests Planning of irrigation wells Well equipment and procedures



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Water well Engineering, Ahrens; T. P., Last ed. Textbook:

Water well Technology, Campbell and Lehr. Ground Water Recovery, Huisiman; L.

Additional Reading:

References:


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Calculates the coefficient of discharge, specific yield and hydraulic resistance.

Knows the principles of hydraulic well.

Calculates the principles of irrigation well characteristics.

Distinguishes between different methods of well construction procedures.

Ground water and aquifers

Types of water bearing formations, ground water replenishment

Artificial ground water recharge, methods of artificial recharge, ground water recharge through wells

Ground water exploration, test drilling, geophysical methods, electrical resistively method

Aquifer characteristics influencing yield of wells, hydraulic conductivity, coefficient of storage, specific yield, hydraulic resistance.

Hydraulics of wells

Definition and hydraulic properties Evaluation of hydraulic properties.

Special Pumping wells

Pumping tests procedures

Irrigation wells

Well diameter, thickness of casing pipes and screens, well depth, spacing of wells, well screens, slot opening, percentage open area, well screen diameter, well screen losses, material of well screen, well screen types, gravel packing, gravel pack, gravel pack thickness.

Well construction procedures

Tube well drilling equipment, driven tube well, jetted tube well

Drilled tube wells, classification of drilling equipment, cable-tool precession drilling, adaptability – Hand poring sets, auger bits for hand boring, cable-tool drilling rate – capacity range

Rotary drilling Direct rotary drills:

Components of rotary rig-drilling string-operation of drill-drilling mud circulation- forming the filter cake- drilling

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Defines drilling difficulties

Calculates discharge and draw down.

fluid - finishing tools – capacity range of rotary rig Reverse circulation rotary drills:

Adaptability - air rotary drilling - core drilling

Common drilling difficulties

Lost circulation – crooked holes- bailing up

Well development

Development by surging, development with pumps, back washing by pumping, development by compressed air, combination of back washing and surging methods, development by jetting, development by dispersing

Testing wells for draw-down and yield

Discharge and draw-down Common well troubles Inflow of fine sand , silt and muddy water, low discharge of a tube well due to improper, development and improper size of gravel, low discharge of tube well due to improper design of tube well, well failure due to incrustation and corrosion, mechanical faults caused during lowering of tube well assembly, non – vertical well

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Installs well equipment

Carry out tests of the well pumps

Measure the well dimensions

Identify the ground water potential

Select the suitable filter

Measures the soil permeability

Well equipment and procedures

Discharge head, colimu assembly, bowl assembly Well Casing, tool, installation, impeller adjustment Well connection, flat and V belt, hollow shaft, motor Pump operation and test, static and dynamic water levels, discharge rate

Safety requirements

Well Construction

Well diameter, thickness of casing pipes and screens and well depth.

Well failure, discharge and water level

Ground water potential Filter Grain size distribution Permeability Permeability coefficient of filter Specific yield of well.

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