Agriculture and Food Security in Asia by 2030

7/31/2019 Agriculture and Food Security in Asia by 2030

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Lkoevi|eo kmvi|mevkgmeo v|efi aogzp e|i demfoif vd|gyjd vdi E|ckmjvgm $5;1;+ pxi`kakèvkgm l{zdk`d x|gfy`vp e|i fkaai|imvkevif l{ `gymv|{ ga g|kjkm- Vdipi E|ckmjvgm ioepvk`kvkip e|i vdi pecie`|gpp `gymv|kip lyv e|i pi`vg|#pxi`kak`/ emf vdi kcxg|v#kcxg|v ioepvk`kvkip deqi liim ipvkcevifev vdi fkpejj|ijevif JVEX `gccgfkv{ oiqio $Di|vio iv eo- <88:+- Ag| x|ipimv xy|xgpip/ zdi|izi e|i fieokmj zkvd ogmj#vi|c `demjip/ zi agoogz vdi v{xkèo cgfiookmj x|e`vkpi ga fgylokmj vdipdg|v#vg#cifkyc vi|c E|ckmjvgm ioepvk`kvkip- Vdi mevkgmeo leoemì ga v|efi kp fivi|ckmif l{ vdi|ioevkgmpdkx livziim mevkgmeo kmqipvcimv emf peqkmjp emf kmqipvcimv èm li eoogèvif ikvdi| km|ipxgmpi vg |evip ga |ivy|m/ zkvd èxkveo ce|nivp nixv km iuykokl|kyc/ g| km aktif pde|ip e`|gpp`gymv|kip pg vdev kv cgqip km okmi zkvd jogleo peqkmjp- Ag| x|ipimv xy|xgpip zi eoogz peqkmjp

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Vdi pvemfe|f JVEX x|gvi`vkgm fevelepi |ixg|vif km Me|e{emem emf Zeocpoi{ $<884+ `gmvekmpokvvoi cg|i vdem exxokif kcxg|v ve|kaap ag| fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip- Kv dep vdi|iag|i liim eovi|if vgkmòyfi e cg|i#`gcxoivi piv ga ipvkcevip ga fkpvg|vkgmp vg ej|k`yovy|eo x|kìp km fiqiogxkmj`gymv|kip km <886/ lepif gm Qeoimryioe emf Emfi|pgm $<884+- 9

6- @G\I X\GBI@VKGM GA VDI FEVELEPI VG <808

Vdgpi fkpvg|vkgm ipvkcevipkmòyfi pgci |icekmkmj itxg|v vetip/ ag| itecxoi-

Zi x|gbi`v vdi JVEX fevelepi‛p <886 lepiokmi ag| vdi zg|of i`gmgc{ vg x|gqkfi e miz `g|ilepiokmi ag| <808 l{ eppyckmj vdi <886 v|efi#|ioevif xgok`kip ga ie`d `gymv|{ fg mgv `demji-

0 Eovi|kmj vetip km vdi JVEX cgfio fgip mgv kcxo{ e |ify`vkgm km jgqi|mcimv |iqimyi emf itximfkvy|i/ ep

jgqi|mcimv itximfkvy|ip e|i mgv vkif vg vet |iqimyip- E vet |ify`vkgm/ ag| itecxoi/ oiefp vg e |ify`vkgm km itìpp

ly|fim/ pg |ijkgmeo |ieo km`gci km`|iepip emf |ieo itximfkvy|i‖kmòyfkmj jgqi|mcimv itximfkvy|i‖ce{ eopg |kpi- 6Vdkp kp lyv gmi ga piqi|eo fkaai|imìp livziim vdi x|ipimv x|gbi`vkgm iti|`kpi emf vdev |ixg|vif km Emfi|pgm emfPv|yvv $<855+- Gvdi| |iakmicimvp kmòyfi yxfevkmj vdi x|gbi`vkgmp ga JFX/ xgxyoevkgm/ ympnkooif oelgy|/ pnkooifoelgy| emf x|gfyìf èxkveo/ ep fip`|klif km Pi`vkgm 6- Zi eopg mgz eppyci vdev oemf ep zioo ep gvdi| mevy|eoèxkveo imfgzcimvp `demji pokjdvo{ gqi| vkci/ emf zi eovi| vdi ce`|g ògpy|i vg eoogz kmqipvcimv vg |ipxgmf vg`demjip km |evip ga |ivy|m- Ay|vdi|cg|i/ vdi kmkvkeo fevelepi kp eyjcimvif zkvd ipvkcevip ga fkpvg|vkgmp vgej|k`yovy|eo x|kìp km fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip km <886/ lepif gm Qeoimryioe emf Emfi|pgm $<884+-

9Vdev fkpvg|vkgmp fevelepi kp fg`ycimvif ayoo{ km Emfi|pgm emf Qeoimryioe $<884+ emf kp lepif gm vdi civdgfgogj{pycce|krif km Emfi|pgm iv eo- $<884+-




58

Dgziqi|/ gqi| vdi <1#{ie| xi|kgf zi eppyci vdev mevkgmeo |ieo JFX/ xgxyoevkgm/ ympnkooif emfpnkooif oelg|/ èxkveo/ ej|k`yovy|eo oemf/ emf itv|e`veloi ckmi|eo |ipgy|ìp $gko/ jep/ `geo emfgvdi| ckmi|eop+ j|gz ev itgjimgypo{ piv |evip/ pycce|krif km Exximfkt Veloi E-0- Vdiitgjimgyp j|gzvd |evip ag| JFX/ kmqipvcimv emf xgxyoevkgm e|i lepif gm EFL x|gbi`vkgmpgqi| vdi mitv vzg fièfip/ pyxxoicimvif l{ Zg|of Lemn feve ag| |ieo JFX emf kmqipvcimvj|gzvd ag| vdi xi|kgf vg <858/ eogmj zkvd @IXKK feve ag| xgxyoevkgm j|gzvd vg <858 emf ag|

|ijkgmeo x|gbi`vkgmp ga JFX/ kmqipvcimv emf xgxyoevkgm mgv |iefko{ eqekoeloi km vdi EFL fevepiv$Agy|ë iv eo- <858+-1 Ag| x|gbi`vkgmp ga pnkooif emf ympnkooif oelgy| j|gzvd |evip/ zi f|ez gm@dexxykp emf Zeocpoi{ $<855+- Zi ipvkcevi dkpvg|kèo v|imfp km ej|k`yovy|eo oemf a|gcAEGPVEV $pycce|krif km Fikmkmji| emf L{i|oii <855+ emf km ckmi|eo emf imi|j{ |ez cevi|keo|ipi|qip a|gc LX $<858+ emf vdi YP Jigogjkèo Py|qi{ $<858+ emf eppyci vdev xepv emmyeo|evip ga `demji km agppko ayio |ipi|qip pkmì 5;;8 `gmvkmyi ag| ie`d `gymv|{ gqi| vdi mitv vzgfièfip-:

Jkqim vdgpi itgjimgyp j|gzvd |evip/

Ag| gvdi| ckmi|eop/ km vdi elpimì ga `gymv|{#pxi`kak` feve/ vdi ymzikjdif eqi|eji gavdi emmyeo |evi ga j|gzvd ga jogleo |ipi|qip ag| k|gm g|i/ `gxxi|/ oief/ mk`nio emf rkm` livziim5;;9 emf <88; ag| eoo `gymv|kip kp ypif $a|gc vdi YP Jigogjkèo Py|qi{ <858+- Vdipi |evip ga`demji km mevy|eo |ipgy|ìp e|i pycce|krif km vdi oepv akqi `goycmp ga Exximfkt Veloi E-0-

4 vdi cgfio kp eloi vg fi|kqi kcxokif |evip ga vgveo ae`vg|

x|gfy`vkqkv{ emf JFX xi| èxkve j|gzvd- Ag| em{ gmi `gymv|{ vdi |evi ga vgveo ae`vg| x|gfy`vkqkv{j|gzvd kp eppycif vg li vdi peci km ie`d ga kvp mgm#x|kce|{ pi`vg|p/ emf vg li pgcizdevdkjdi| km kvp x|kce|{ pi`vg|p- Dkjdi| x|gfy`vkqkv{ j|gzvd |evip ag| x|kce|{ e`vkqkvkip zi|i`de|e`vi|kpvk` ga vdi oevvi| deoa ga vdi <8vd ìmvy|{ $Ce|vkm emf Ckv|e <885+/ emf e|i miìppe|{ kmvdkp x|gbi`vkgm ka |ieo kmvi|mevkgmeo x|kìp ga x|kce|{ x|gfy`vp $|ioevkqi vg vdi ejj|ijevi `demjiag| eoo x|gfy`vp+ e|i vg |kpi gmo{ cgfipvo{- Zi `dgpi vdev èokl|evkgm ag| gy| `g|i pkcyoevkgmlièypi kv kp `gmpkpvimv zkvd vdi Zg|of Lemn x|gbi`vkgmp gqi| vdi mitv agy| fièfip $pii qemfi| Cimpl|yjjdi emf \gpgm <858+- Em eovi|mevkqi x|gbi`vkgm km zdk`d x|kìp |kpi l{ iqim cg|ikp `gmpkfi|if liogz- Zi fg mgv `gmpkfi| gmi km zdk`d ej|k`yovy|eo x|kìp aeoo/ ep g``y||if km vdioevvi| deoa ga vdi <8vd ìmvy|{ $Akjy|i <+ emf ep x|gbi`vif km JVEX#lepif x|gbi`vkgm pvyfkip kmvdi oevi <8vd ìmvy|{ $i-j-/ Emfi|pgm iv eo- 5;;:+/ lièypi vdev piicp vgg ymoknio{ e pìme|kggqi| vdi mitv vzg fièfip/ jkqim vdi pogzfgzm km ej|k`yovy|eo \!F kmqipvcimv pkmì 5;;8 emfkvp `gmpiuyimv fioe{if pogzkmj ga ae|c x|gfy`vkqkv{ j|gzvd $Eopvgm/ Lel`g`n emf Xe|fi{ <858+-Kv kp iqim oipp oknio{ ag| ae|c x|gfy`vp ka agppko ayio x|kìp emf lkgayio cemfevip km vdi YP/ IY/emf iopizdi|i e|i cekmvekmif gqi| vdi mitv fièfi-;

1 Zg|of Lemn emf @IXKK feve e|i `gcxkoif a|gc @dexxykp emf Zeocpoi{ $<855+-:

Xepv |ipi|qip feve e|i a|gc LX $<858+- Ag| `geo/ dgziqi|/ x|gfy`vkgm feve e|i ypif pkmì |ipi|qip feve e|i mgveqekoeloi- Vdi j|gzvd |evip ag| Qkiv Mec‛p gko emf jep/ eogmj zkvd Vdekoemf‛p `geo/ x|gqkfif kcxoeypklo{ dkjdx|gbi`vkgmp ag| vdi ayvy|i/ pg vdi{ zi|i cgfkakif fgzmze|f-

4Vdi|i kp cy`d ymì|vekmv{ km ce`|gi`gmgck` x|gbi`vkgmp gqi| vdkp nkmf ga vkcia|eci- Pii/ ag| itecxoi Je|meyv

$<855+ ag| pgci fkp`yppkgm gm vdi ymì|vekm mevy|i ga JFX/ xgxyoevkgm emf imi|j{ x|gbi`vkgmp-

;Vkckopkme iv eo- $<858+ x|gbi`v vdev l{ <8<8 kmvi|mevkgmeo x|kìp zkoo li dkjdi| km vdi x|ipimì qi|pyp vdi elpimì gavdgpi lkgayio cemfevip ag| pyje| $58)+/ `g|m $6)+/ gkopiifp $0)+/ emf zdiev emf `ge|pi j|ekmp $<-<)+/ zdkoixiv|goiyc x|gfy`v x|kìp zkoo li 5-6) ogzi|-




55

Akjy|i <2 \ieo Kmvi|mevkgmeo Aggf X|kìp/ 5;18 vg $Byo{+ <855

$<888 3 588+

Pgy|ì2 Yxfevif a|gc J|kook emf [emj $5;44+ l{ vdi Zg|of Lemn-

Vdi kcxokif VAX j|gzvd |evip ag| eoo pi`vg|p e|i pdgzm km vdi ak|pv `goycm ga Exximfkt VeloiE-6/58

Kv pdgyof li mgvif vdev vdi itvimv vg zdk`d x|gfy`vkqkv{ j|gzvd |evip e|i dkjdi| km ie`d x|kce|{pi`vg| vdem km gvdi| pi`vg|p kp vdi peci ag| dkjd#km`gci emf fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip/ emf kp vdipeci ag| eoo `|gx emf okqipvg`n kmfypv|kip zkvdkm ie`d `gymv|{‛p ae|c pi`vg|- Pkmì gqi|eoo VAXj|gzvd kp dkjdi| ag| fiqiogxkmj vdem dkjd#km`gci `gymv|kip km Exximfkt Veloi E-6/ vdkp ciempzi e|i eppyckmj ej|k`yovy|eo VAX j|gzvd kp dkjdi| ag| fiqiogxkmj vdem dkjd#km`gci `gymv|kip gmeqi|eji- Vdev kp `gmpkpvimv zkvd |iìmv $ka mgv ie|oki|+ itxi|kimì2 Oyfime iv eo- $<88:/ Veloi <+ipvkcevi vdev ej|k`yovy|eo VAX emmyeo j|gzvd fy|kmj 5;45‐<888 eqi|ejif 5-0) jogleoo{ emfgmo{ 8-;) ag| dkjd#km`gci `gymv|kip $lyv fy|kmj 5;15‐48 vdgpi |evip zi|i 8-1 emf 5-6)/|ipxi`vkqio{+-

emf vdi kmvi|mevkgmeo x|kì `gmpiuyimìp ag| vdi `g|i pkcyoevkgm e|i fixk`vif km vdi ak|pvvd|ii `goycmp ga Exximfkt Veloi E-9-

58Km vdi `g|i lepiokmi/ vdipi VAX ipvkcevip e|i imfgjimgypo{ fivi|ckmif- Dgziqi|/ km vdi pkcyoevkgmp cgfiookmjogzi| zg|ofzkfi x|kce|{ pi`vg| x|gfy`vkqkv{ emf dkjdi| E@K j|ekm x|gfy`vkqkv{ / kv kp vdi VAX ipvkcevip vdev e|iitgjimgyp zdkoi JFX kp imfgjimgyp-




5<

6-5 @gmpiuyimìp ag| pkri emf pi`vg|eo emf |ijkgmeo `gcxgpkvkgmpga JFX emf v|efi

Vdi fkaai|imìp e`|gpp |ijkgmp km |evip ga j|gzvd ga ae`vg| imfgzcimvp emf vgveo ae`vg|x|gfy`vkqkv{/ emf vdi ae`v vdev pi`vg|p fkaai| km vdik| |ioevkqi ae`vg| kmvimpkvkip emf vdik| pde|i ga

JFX/ impy|i vdev vdi pv|y`vy|ip ga x|gfy`vkgm/ `gmpycxvkgm emf v|efi e`|gpp pi`vg|p zkvdkm`gymv|kip/ emf eopg livziim `gymv|kip/ kp jgkmj vg li fkaai|imv km <808 vdem km <886-

Km xe|vk`yoe|/ vdi aepvi|#j|gzkmj fiqiogxkmj i`gmgckip $ipxi`keoo{ vdgpi ga Epke+ zkoo e``gymv ag|`gmpkfi|elo{ oe|ji| pde|ip ga vdi x|gbi`vif jogleo i`gmgc{ gqi| vdi mitv vzg fièfip- Vdik|ejj|ijevi pde|i ga zg|of JFX $ciepy|if km <886 YP&/ mgv XXX fgooe|p km zdk`d fiqiogxkmj`gymv|{ pde|ip e|i cy`d oe|ji|+ kp x|gbi`vif vg |kpi a|gc <8) km <886 vg 65) km <808/ emf ag|

bypv Fiqiogxkmj Epke a|gc 55 vg <4)- Zipvi|m Iy|gxi‛p pde|i/ ciemzdkoi/ kp x|gbi`vif vg aeooa|gc gmi#vdk|f vg oipp vdem gmi#uye|vi|- Xgxyoevkgm pde|ip `demji cy`d oipp/ zkvd vdifiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip‛ pde|i |kpkmj a|gc 48 vg 40) lyv Fiqiogxkmj Epke‛p `gcxgmimv aeookmj eokvvoi/ a|gc 99 vg 90) livziim <886 emf <808- Vdyp xi| èxkve km`gcip `gmqi|ji `gmpkfi|elo{/zkvd vdi |evkg ga vdi dkjd#km`gci vg fiqiogxkmj `gymv|{ eqi|eji cg|i vdem deoqkmj/ a|gc 51 vg :livziim <886 emf <808- Km xe|vk`yoe|/ vdi xi| èxkve km`gci ga Fiqiogxkmj Epke kp x|gbi`vif vg

|kpi a|gc <8 vg 90) ga vdi jogleo eqi|eji gqi| vdi x|gbi`vkgm xi|kgf $lgvvgc |gzp ga ExximfktVeloi E-1+-

Zdim jogleo qeoyi effif kp l|gnim fgzm l{ pi`vg|/55 vdi `demjip e|i cg|i pv|knkmj- Vdkp kpipxi`keoo{ pg ag| vdi X\@2 l{ <808 kv kp x|gbi`vif vg |ivy|m vg kvp pyx|ice`{ ep vdi zg|of‛p vgxx|gfy`kmj `gymv|{ mgv gmo{ ga x|kce|{ x|gfy`vp lyv eopg ga cemyae`vy|ip $Veloi 0+- Vdkp kp e|emnkmj vdi X\@ dep mgv diof pkmì vdi ckf#5;vd ìmvy|{ zdim ak|pv vdi YN emf vdim $a|gc 54;9+vdi YP zep vdi vgx#|emnif `gymv|{ ag| kmfypv|keo x|gfy`vkgm‖pii Eooim $<855/ Akjy|i <+ emfeopg Lek|g`d $5;4<+ emf @|eavp emf Qimeloip $<880+

Veloi 02 \ijkgmeo Pde|ip ga Jogleo Qeoyi Effif l{ Pi`vg|/ <886 emf <808 @g|i

-

$)+

$e+ <886 Lepi

Ej|k`- ! Aggf Gvdi| X|kce|{ Cemyae`vy|ip Pi|qkìp Vgveo

Z- Iy|gxi <:-8 50-8 00-4 00-8 0<-5

I- Iy|gxi 6-1 4-8 <-8 <-< <-9

YP ! @emefe 5:-5 56-8 <1-9 09-< 0<-8

EMR <-8 <-1 5-0 5-; 5-4

Bexem 1-; 5-6 55-9 5<-1 55-:

X\@ ;-6 4-; 4-4 <-4 6-6

EPIEM 6-0 1-5 0-8 5-0 5-;

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-8 8-5 8-8 8-8 8-8

\ipv I- Epke 5-4 5-8 6-5 <-: <-;

Kmfke :-1 <-1 5-< 5-5 5-1

\ipv P- Epke 5-4 8-1 8-0 8-6 8-9

@imv|eo Epke 8-6 5-< 8-5 8-5 8-<

Oevkm Eci|kè ;-5 :-0 9-8 0-: 6-6

55Ypkmj x|gfyì| itximfkvy|i gm qeoyi effif km ie`d pi`vg|-




50

C-I- ! Ea|kè 4-8 00-< <-0 <-4 6-8

Dkjd‐km`gci 9:-1 0;-8 :9-5 46-4 48-5

Fiqiogxkmj 6<-6 15-8 <6-; 59-< 5;-;

ga zdk`d Epke2 <9-0 <8-9 5:-1 4-1 55-9

Vgveo 588-8 588-8 588-8 588-8 588-8

$l+ <808 @g|i


Z- Iy|gxi 59-: :-9 <<-; <9-0 <<-;

I- Iy|gxi 0-6 :-4 <-5 <-1 0-8

YP ! @emefe 5<-6 :-9 5;-; 0<-5 <1-4

EMR 5-: <-8 5-8 <-< 5-;

Bexem 0-6 8-0 1-0 ;-9 :-;

X\@ <6-4 <<-1 <9-0 4-9 50-1

EPIEM 9-< 1-; 6-4 <-< 0-<Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-8 8-5 8-8 8-5 8-5

\ipv I- Epke 5-6 8-: 6-9 0-6 0-<

Kmfke 55-: 6-: 0-< 0-: 6-0

\ipv P- Epke <-: 5-6 8-1 5-8 5-5

@imv|eo Epke 8-9 5-< 8-5 8-< 8-0

Oevkm Eci|kè :-4 ;-5 9-4 6-; 9-1

C-I- ! Ea|kè ;-0 <4-5 0-9 6-0 1-<

Dkjd‐km`gci 01-9 <9-5 9<-5 :5-4 1<-9

Fiqiogxkmj 10-9 :6-; 6:-; <4-< 0:-9

ga zdk`d Epke2 61-0 0:-: 04-9 5;-5 <9-:Vgveo 588-8 588-8 588-8 588-8 588-8

Pgy|ì2 Fi|kqif a|gc vdi eyvdg|p‛ JVEX Cgfio |ipyovp

Vdi Epkem fiqiogxkmj `gymv|{ pde|i ga jogleo itxg|vp ga eoo x|gfy`vp mie|o{ fgyloip/ |kpkmj a|gc<5 vg 0;) livziim <886 emf <808 $Veloi 6+- Vdi X\@‛p pde|i eogmi j|gzp a|gc 1-: vg 54-6)-Mgvi/ dgziqi|/ vdev vdi j|gzvd ga vdi X\@‛p itxg|v pde|i kp imvk|io{ ev vdi itximpi ga dkjd#km`gci `gymv|kip/ ep vdi itxg|v pde|ip ag| eoo vdi gvdi| fiqiogxkmj#`gymv|{ |ijkgmp km Veloi 6eopg j|gz- Vdi j|gyx‛p kcxg|v pde|i eopg |kpip/ eovdgyjd mgv uykvi pg f|ecevkèoo{2 vdi km`|iepiag| Fiqiogxkmj Epke kp a|gc 54 vg 06) $Veloi 9+-5<

5<

@exkveo aogzp itxoekm vdi fkaai|imì livziim ie`d |ijkgm‛p jogleo itxg|v emf kcxg|v pde|ip-




56

Veloi 62 \ijkgmeo Pi`vg|eo Pde|ip ga Jogleo Itxg|vp ga Eoo X|gfy`vp/ <886 emf<808 @g|i

$)+

$e+ <886

Ej|k`- ! Aggf Gvdi| X|kce|{ Cemyae`vy|ip Pi|qkìp VgveoZ- Iy|gxi <-; 5-8 <;-6 ;-5 6<-0

I- Iy|gxi 8-< 8-; 5-; 8-9 0-1

YP ! @emefe 8-; 8-6 ;-6 0-8 50-:

EMR 8-0 8-< 8-9 8-0 5-0

Bexem 8-8 8-8 9-9 8-1 1-5

X\@ 8-< 8-5 1-8 8-9 1-:

EPIEM 8-6 8-6 6-6 8-: 1-8

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-8 8-8 8-8 8-8 8-5

\ipv I- Epke 8-5 8-8 6-; 5-0 1-0

Kmfke 8-5 8-8 8-: 8-< 5-8

\ipv P- Epke 8-8 8-8 8-0 8-5 8-6

@imv|eo Epke 8-8 8-< 8-5 8-8 8-6

Oevkm Eci|kè 8-; 8-4 0-8 8-1 9-6

C-I- ! Ea|kè 8-6 0-0 <-< 8-; 1-4

Dkjd#km`gci 6-6 <-1 61-1 50-9 1:-8

Fiqiogxkmj <-< 6-4 <5-1 6-0 00-8

ga zdk`d Epke2 8-; 8-4 51-6 <-4 <8-4

Vgveo 1-1 :-6 14-< 5:-4 588-8

$l+ <808 @g|iEj|k`- ! Aggf Gvdi| X|kce|{ Cemyae`vy|ip Pi|qkìp Vgveo

Z- Iy|gxi <-0 5-: 51-< 9-8 <9-<

I- Iy|gxi 8-< <-5 5-1 8-9 6-6

YP ! @emefe 5-0 5-5 9-1 5-1 ;-9

EMR 8-0 8-9 8-< 8-5 5-<

Bexem 8-8 8-8 <-5 8-< <-6

X\@ 8-8 8-8 51-6 5-; 54-6

EPIEM 8-1 5-8 1-4 5-8 ;-6

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-8 8-8 8-8 8-8 8-5

\ipv I- Epke 8-5 8-5 6-; 5-8 1-8

Kmfke 8-< 8-< 5-; 8-4 0-5

\ipv P- Epke 8-5 8-8 8-4 8-0 5-<

@imv|eo Epke 8-5 8-6 8-8 8-8 8-9

Oevkm Eci|kè 5-< 5-4 6-5 8-: :-4

C-I- ! Ea|kè 8-9 9-8 0-5 <-< 58-;

Dkjd#km`gci 6-< 9-6 <9-1 :-6 6<-:

Fiqiogxkmj <-4 4-9 04-8 4-5 9:-0




59

ga zdk`d Epke2 5-8 5-: 08-4 9-< 04-:

Vgveo 1-; 56-8 10-1 59-9 588-8


Vdi fiqiogxkmj `gymv|{ pde|i ga x|kce|{ x|gfy`vp km zg|of itxg|vp |kpip pokjdvo{ emf kvp pde|i gacemyae`vy|ip km zg|of itxg|vp |kpip f|ecevkèoo{ gqi| vdi x|gbi`vkgm xi|kgf $eocgpv fgylokmj/ ep

fgip kvp pi|qkìp pde|i‖Veloi 6+- Vdi fiqiogxkmj `gymv|{ pde|i ga x|kce|{ x|gfy`vp km zg|ofkcxg|vp |kpip pylpvemvkeoo{ vgg $Veloi 9+/ eocgpv eoo ga zdk`d kp fyi vg Fiqiogxkmj Epke‛pitxi`vif `gmvkmykmj |exkf kmfypv|keokrevkgm-50

Veloi 92 \ijkgmeo Pi`vg|eo Pde|ip ga JogleoKcxg|vp ga Eoo X|gfy`vp/ <886 emf<808

Fiqiogxkmj Epke emf gvdi| fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kipkm`|iepi vdik| pde|i km vgveo zg|of kcxg|vp l{ mie|o{ deoa/ emf iqim l{ gmi#vdk|f km cemyae`vy|ip-Vdi oevvi| |kpi zgyof li iqim oe|ji| ka gy| cgfio def liim eloi vg e``gccgfevi vdi gm#jgkmja|ejcimvevkgm ga jogleo x|gfy`vkgm ga cemyae`vy|if jggfp/ zdi|il{ vdi pyxxo{ `dekm dep cem{`gcxgmimvp zdgpi x|gfy`vkgm kp aggvoggpi2 zi ymfi|pvevi vdev xdimgcimgm lièypi ga vdidkjd fij|ii ga ejj|ijevkgm ga cemyae`vy|kmj kmfypv|kip km vdi qi|pkgm ga vdi JVEX cgfio ziypi di|i-

$)+

$e+ <886Ej|k`- ! Aggf Gvdi| X|kce|{ Cemyae`vy|ip Pi|qkìp Vgveo

Z- Iy|gxi 0-5 <-9 <4-< 4-1 6<-9

I- Iy|gxi 8-0 8-6 <-5 8-9 0-<

YP ! @emefe 8-; 5-1 50-: <-: 54-4

EMR 8-5 8-5 5-8 8-0 5-6

Bexem 8-9 8-4 <-4 5-8 9-5

X\@ 8-< 8-9 6-6 8-1 9-:

EPIEM 8-0 8-6 0-: 8-4 9-<

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-8 8-8 8-5 8-8 8-5

\ipv I- Epke 8-0 8-1 0-1 8-4 9-0

Kmfke 8-5 8-0 8-1 8-< 5-<

\ipv P- Epke 8-5 8-8 8-0 8-5 8-9

@imv|eo Epke 8-8 8-8 8-0 8-5 8-6

Oevkm Eci|kè 8-6 8-< 0-9 8-: 6-:

C-I- ! Ea|kè 8-: 8-< 0-; 5-8 9-4

Dkjd#km`gci 6-4 9-0 6:-; 50-8 :5-5

Fiqiogxkmj <-8 <-0 <8-9 6-< <4-;

ga zdk`d Epke2 5-8 5-4 50-8 <-9 54-6

Vgveo 1-; :-1 14-0 5:-< 588-8

50\ièoo/ vdgyjd/ vdev zi e|i eppyckmj mg `demji km ej|k`yovy|eo $g| gvdi|+ v|efi xgok`kip gqi| vdi x|gbi`vkgm xi|kgf kmvdkp lepiokmi pìme|kg- Zi eopg `gmpkfi| liogz em eovi|mevkqi pìme|kg km zdk`d vdi|i kp e |kpi km ej|k`yovy|eox|gvi`vkgm vg pogz vdi fiòkmi km aggf pioa pyaak`kim`{‖ep dexximif km vdi <8

vdìmvy|{ km vdi cgpv#efqemìf Epkem

i`gmgckip $pii/ i-j-/ Emfi|pgm <88;l+-




51

$l+ <808 @g|iEj|k`- ! Aggf Gvdi| X|kce|{ Cemyae`vy|ip Pi|qkìp Vgveo

Z- Iy|gxi 5-4 5-4 54-6 1-5 <4-5

I- Iy|gxi 8-0 8-9 <-5 8-1 0-9

YP ! @emefe 8-1 5-1 5<-8 <-6 51-1EMR 8-5 8-8 5-< 8-0 5-1

Bexem 8-0 8-9 <-4 8-; 6-9

X\@ 5-4 9-< :-: 8-4 59-9

EPIEM 8-9 8-: 9-0 8-4 :-6

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-8 8-8 8-5 8-8 8-5

\ipv I- Epke 8-< 8-4 0-: 8-4 9-1

Kmfke 8-5 5-; 5-0 8-0 0-1

\ipv P- Epke 8-< 8-0 8-1 8-5 5-<

@imv|eo Epke 8-8 8-8 8-0 8-5 8-9

Oevkm Eci|kè 8-0 8-6 0-6 8-: 6-4C-I- ! Ea|kè 8-; 8-6 6-4 8-; 1-;

Dkjd#km`gci 0-8 6-9 01-9 58-0 96-0

Fiqiogxkmj 6-< ;-: <:-0 6-9 69-:

ga zdk`d Epke2 0-8 4-; 5;-< <-; 06-8

Vgveo :-< 56-< 10-4 56-4 588-8


Jkqim vdi xgokvkèo pimpkvkqkv{ ga ae|c x|gfy`vp/ |ijkgmeo pde|ip ga jogleo v|efi km bypv ej|k`yovy|eoemf aggf x|gfy`vp e|i pdgzm km Veloi 1- Vdi fiqiogxkmj `gymv|{ pde|i ga itxg|vp ga vdgpijggfp kp x|gbi`vif vg |icekm qk|vyeoo{ ym`demjif- Dgziqi|/ vdev `gymv|{ j|gyx‛p pde|i ga jogleokcxg|vp ga ae|c x|gfy`vp |kpip f|ecevkèoo{ $`goycmp 1 emf : ga Veloi 1$e++- Dimì kvp pioa#

pyaak`kim`{ |evkg aeoop `gmpkfi|elo{- Vdi pgy|ì ga vdev `demji kp cekmo{ vdi X\@ lyv eopg PgyvdEpke $`goycmp 5 emf < ga Veloi :+- Kv kp xgppkloi vdev vdipi xgxyogyp `gymv|kip zkoo piin vgx|iqimv py`d e j|gzvd km aggf kcxg|v fiximfimì km x|e`vkì/ l{ i|i`vkmj x|gvi`vkgmkpv le||ki|pev oiepv ag| aggf pvexoip-




5;

Veloi :2 Ej|k`yovy|eo Pioa#pyaak`kim`{ \evkg/e

$)+

<886 Lepi/ <808 @g|i emf <808 Eovi|mevkqi J|gzvd Pìme|kgp/ emfV|efi \iag|c Pìme|kgp

Lepiokmi pìme|kgp V|efi |iag|c pìme|kgp

<886 <808`g|i

<808Pogzi|

x|kcVAX

<808Aepvi|

E@Kj|ekmVAX

Km`|-ej|k`

x|gv‛m

EPIEM.1/mg ej|k`

EPIEM.1/zkvd ej|k`

EPIEM.1CAM

AyooOkl-

Ayoo okl‛ma|gc dkjdi

ej x|g

Z- Iy|gxi 8-;6 5-89 5-85 5-89 5-86 5-81 5-86 5-8: 5-85 5-8

I- Iy|gxi 8-;6 8-;9 8-;6 8-;9 8-;6 8-;9 8-;9 8-;6 8-;5 8-;

YP ! @emefe 5-86 5-<8 5-5; 5-5; 5-5: 5-<8 5-5; 5-<0 5-<6 5-<6

EMR 5-69 5-16 5-91 5-10 5-9: 5-10 5-4< 5-14 5-:9 5-:9

Bexem 8-45 8-40 8-4< 8-40 8-40 8-4< 8-:9 8-19 8-19 8-19

X\@ 8-;: 8-40 8-46 8-40 8-49 8-4< 8-4< 8-48 8-:; 8-:;

EPIEM 8-;: 8-49 8-40 8-41 8-41 8-46 8-4: 8-41 8-41 8-41

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-;< 8-;8 8-44 8-;8 8-44 8-;5 8-;5 8-;< <-89 <-89

\ipv I- Epke 8-:: 8-:; 8-:1 8-:; 8-:; 8-:4 8-46 8-45 8-:: 8-::

Kmfke 5-85 5-88 5-88 5-85 5-88 5-88 5-8< 8-;; 5-88 5-88

\ipv P- Epke 8-;1 8-49 8-;8 8-49 8-41 8-41 8-41 8-4: 8-49 8-49

@imv|eo Epke 5-86 5-8; 5-89 5-8; 5-84 5-8; 5-84 5-84 5-58 5-58

Oevkm Eci|kè 5-58 5-<0 5-<; 5-<< 5-<8 5-<0 5-<0 5-<1 5-68 5-68

C-I- ! Ea|kè 8-;0 8-;< 8-;0 8-;< 8-;0 8-;< 8-;< 8-;< 8-;5 8-;

Dkjd#km`gci 8-;: 5-8; 5-81 5-8; 5-8: 5-8; 5-8; 5-55 5-8; 5-8;

Fiqiogxkmj 8-;4 8-;5 8-;0 8-;< 8-;< 8-;5 8-;< 8-;5 8-;0 8-;0

ga zdk`d Epke2 8-;1 8-4: 8-4: 8-4: 8-44 8-4: 8-4: 8-49 8-49 8-49

Vgveo 5-88 5-88 5-88 5-88 5-88 5-88 5-88 5-88 5-88 5-88

e


Ej|k`yovy|eo pioa#pyaak`kim`{ |evkg itòyfip —gvdi| $x|gìppif+ aggf x|gfy`vp‛




<8

Ep ag| vdi pi`vg|eo pde|ip ga mevkgmeo v|efi/ vdi `gmpiuyimìp ga `gmvkmykmj Epkemkmfypv|keokrevkgm e|i ejekm iqkfimv2 x|kce|{ x|gfy`vp e|i oipp kcxg|vemv km fiqiogxkmj `gymv|{itxg|vp emf `gmpkfi|elo{ cg|i kcxg|vemv km vdik| kcxg|vp/ emf `gmqi|pio{ ag| mgm#x|kce|{x|gfy`vp/ zkvd vdi `demjip likmj oe|jipv km Fiqiogxkmj Epke- Vdi gxxgpkvi kp v|yi ag| dkjd#km`gci `gymv|kip $Veloip 4 emf ;+/ zdk`d ce{ piic py|x|kpkmj lyv |ièoo vdev $e+ zdev gmi xe|vga vdi zg|of kcxg|vp vdi |icekmkmj xe|v ga vdi zg|of cypv itxg|v vg cekmvekm jogleo iuykokl|kyc

emf $l+ zi deqi mgv eoogzif ag| xgppkloi ej|k`yovy|eo x|gvi`vkgm j|gzvd km vdkp `g|i pìme|kg $lyvzi fg km em eovi|mevkqi pìme|kg liogz+- Mgvi eopg a|gc Veloi 4 vdev pi|qkìp itxg|vp e|i ae|cg|i kcxg|vemv ag| Kmfke vdem ag| vdi X\@ g| EPIEM/ emf vdev fkaai|imì kp x|gbi`vif vgkm`|iepi pylpvemvkeoo{ l{ <808-

Veloi 42 Pi`vg|eo Pde|ip ga Mevkgmeo Itxg|vp/ <886 emf <808 @g|i

$)+

$e+ <886


Z- Iy|gxi 1-4 <-0 1;-6 <5-9 588-8

I- Iy|gxi 9-4 <1-1 9<-: 56-4 588-8

YP ! @emefe 1-; 0-5 14-6 <5-: 588-8

EMR <0-0 54-5 09-6 <0-0 588-8

Bexem 8-9 8-5 ;8-5 ;-0 588-8

X\@ 0-9 5-< 44-1 1-: 588-8

EPIEM :-6 1-< :6-0 5<-< 588-8

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 5:-5 <9-< 05-; <9-: 588-8

\ipv I- Epke 5-8 8-< :4-6 <8-6 588-8

Kmfke ;-6 6-4 1:-1 54-0 588-8

\ipv P- Epke 58-< 5-: :8-: 5:-0 588-8

@imv|eo Epke 4-6 90-5 <1-: 55-4 588-8Oevkm Eci|kè 51-1 59-5 91-9 55-4 588-8

C-I- ! Ea|kè 1-5 64-8 0<-9 50-9 588-8

Dkjd#km`gci 1-9 0-; 1;-9 <8-5 588-8

Fiqiogxkmj 1-: 56-1 19-1 50-5 588-8

ga zdk`d Epke2 6-6 0-1 :4-: 50-0 588-8

Vgveo 1-1 :-6 14-< 5:-4 588-8

$l+ <808 @g|i

Ej|k`- ! Aggf Gvdi| X|kce|{ Cemyae`vy|ip Pi|qkìp VgveoZ- Iy|gxi ;-8 1-4 16-0 <8-8 588-8

I- Iy|gxi 9-: 6:-9 09-; 55-8 588-8

YP ! @emefe 50-9 55-1 94-< 51-: 588-8

EMR <;-6 69-5 51-8 ;-6 588-8

Bexem 5-: 5-: 44-1 :-; 588-8

X\@ 8-< 8-5 4;-0 58-9 588-8




<5

EPIEM 1-9 58-6 :<-5 55-8 588-8

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 50-8 01-6 06-: 59-; 588-8

\ipv I- Epke 5-1 8-4 48-9 5:-5 588-8

Kmfke 9-0 1-4 15-5 <1-; 588-8

\ipv P- Epke 6-9 8-: 11-0 <4-9 588-8

@imv|eo Epke ;-: ::-6 4-6 6-9 588-8Oevkm Eci|kè 59-6 <0-< 9<-0 ;-5 588-8

C-I- ! Ea|kè 9-8 61-0 <4-9 <8-5 588-8

Dkjd#km`gci ;-4 5<-4 18-5 5:-6 588-8

Fiqiogxkmj 6-4 56-; 11-< 56-5 588-8

ga zdk`d Epke2 <-1 6-6 :;-9 50-6 588-8

Vgveo 1-; 56-8 10-1 59-9 588-8


Veloi ;2 Pi`vg|eo Pde|ip ga Mevkgmeo Kcxg|vp/ <886 emf <808

$)+

$e+ <886


Z- Iy|gxi :-6 9-; 11-6 <8-0 588-8

I- Iy|gxi ;-8 55-8 16-; 59-5 588-8

YP ! @emefe 6-9 4-9 :<-4 56-5 588-8

EMR 6-; 0-; :0-< 54-8 588-8

Bexem ;-1 51-0 99-8 5;-5 588-8

X\@ 6-6 4-9 ::-5 58-8 588-8EPIEM 9-4 1-4 :<-: 56-: 588-8

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 55-4 8-4 1;-8 54-6 588-8

\ipv I- Epke 9-5 55-9 14-0 59-5 588-8

Kmfke 6-9 <4-9 9<-8 59-8 588-8

\ipv P- Epke 50-9 1-; 16-< 59-9 588-8

@imv|eo Epke :-: 9-9 10-6 <0-9 588-8

Oevkm Eci|kè :-; 6-1 :0-6 56-8 588-8

C-I- ! Ea|kè 55-6 0-9 1:-; 5:-< 588-8

Dkjd#km`gci 1-4 :-9 1:-6 54-0 588-8

Fiqiogxkmj :-8 :-; :8-: 56-6 588-8ga zdk`d Epke2 9-6 58-5 :5-8 50-1 588-8

Vgveo 1-; :-1 14-0 5:-< 588-8

$l+ <808 @g|i


Z- Iy|gxi 1-6 1-1 19-6 <5-1 588-8




<<

I- Iy|gxi :-1 56-5 15-< 5:-8 588-8

YP ! @emefe 0-: ;-1 :<-8 56-: 588-8

EMR 6-< <-: :<-< <8-4 588-8

Bexem 1-5 58-; 10-0 5;-: 588-8

X\@ 55-4 00-6 6;-4 6-; 588-8

EPIEM :-5 ;-1 :<-5 55-5 588-8Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 58-9 <-1 1:-6 5;-1 588-8

\ipv I- Epke 6-6 59-8 11-6 56-< 588-8

Kmfke 0-5 9<-; 01-4 :-< 588-8

\ipv P- Epke 54-1 <5-4 95-1 4-8 588-8

@imv|eo Epke 1-6 6-; 10-4 <6-; 588-8

Oevkm Eci|kè 1-: 4-6 :8-9 56-6 588-8

C-I- ! Ea|kè 5<-4 9-9 14-4 50-8 588-8

Dkjd#km`gci 9-9 4-< 1:-< 5;-8 588-8

Fiqiogxkmj ;-< <5-0 9;-: ;-4 588-8

ga zdk`d Epke2 4-4 <1-0 91-6 4-9 588-8Vgveo :-< 56-< 10-4 56-4 588-8


6-< @gmpiuyimìp ag| kmv|e#Epkem emf gvdi| lkoevi|eo v|efi

Vy|mkmj mgz vg lkoevi|eo v|efi xevvi|mp/ vdi itvimv ga Pgyvd#Pgyvd v|efi ep e pde|i ga jogleov|efi kp x|gbi`vif vg cg|i vdem fgyloi l{ <808 km vdi `g|i pìme|kg/ a|gc $00 ‐ <8 3+ 50 vg $9: ‐ <: 3+ 08)- Vdi pde|i ga Mg|vd#Mg|vd v|efi km jogleo v|efi/ l{ `gmv|epv/ kp x|gbi`vif vg aeoo a|gc95 vg <:) $Veloi 58e emf l/ pycce|krif km Akjy|i 0+- Vdi kcxg|vemì ga EPIEM‛p v|efi zkvdlgvd vdi X\@ emf Kmfke j|gzp f|ecevkèoo{/ ep fgip lgvd vdi X\@‛p emf Kmfke‛p v|efi zkvd gvdi|fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip km Epke emf iopizdi|i- Vdi oevvi| kp mgv py|x|kpkmj/ jkqim vdev vdi pde|i gaFiqiogxkmj Epke‛p itxg|vp km zg|of v|efi eocgpv fgyloip gqi| vdkp x|gbi`vkgm xi|kgf/ vdemnp vgmgv gmo{ kvp dkjd JFX j|gzvd |evi lyv eopg kvp dkjd v|efi#vg#JFX |evkg $ak|pv vzg `goycmp ga Veloi55+-

Akjy|i 02 Pde|ip ga Zg|of V|efi km Eoo X|gfy`vp l{ Dkjd#Km`gci $‟Mg|vd–+ emfFiqiogxkmj $‟Pgyvd–+ @gymv|kip/ <886 emf <808 @g|i

$)+

Pgy|ì2 Pii Veloi 58




<0

Veloi 582 Pde|ip ga Lkoevi|eo V|efi km Jogleo V|efi km Eoo Jggfp emf Pi|qkìp/<886 Lepi/ <808 @g|i emf <808 Eovi|mevkqi J|gzvd Pìme|kgp/ emf V|efi \iag|c

Pìme|kgp

$)+$e+ <886 Lepi

Kcxg|vi|2 Itxg|vi|2

Dkjd#km`gci

X\@ Kmfke EPIEM \ipv gaFiqEpke

\ipv gafiqiogxkmj

Vgveo

Dkjd Km`gci 95-< <-: 8-1 <-6 0-6 1-: 1:-8

Fiqiogxkmj <8-< 0-8 8-1 <-: <-4 0-: 00-8X\@ 6-4 8-8 8-5 8-9 8-4 8-1 1-:

Kmfke 8-1 8-5 8-8 8-5 8-5 8-< 5-8

EPIEM 0-5 8-: 8-5 5-5 8-1 8-6 1-8

\FiqEpke 0-: 5-: 8-5 8-1 8-9 8-1 :-5

\Fiqiogxkmj 4-8 8-9 8-6 8-9 8-4 <-8 5<-<

Vgveo :5-6 9-1 5-< 9-5 1-< 58-6 588-8

$l+ <808 @g|i Lepiokmi

Kcxg|vi|2 Itxg|vi|2

DkjdKm`gci


\ipv gaFiqiogxkmj

Vgveo

Dkjd Km`gci <1-; 9-; 8-; 5-: <-0 6-; 6<-:

Fiqiogxkmj <:-: ;-6 <-: 9-: 9-5 1-: 9:-0

X\@ 5<-8 8-8 8-6 <-5 <-5 5-: 54-6

Kmfke 5-9 8-6 8-8 8-0 8-0 8-1 0-5

EPIEM 0-0 <-4 8-< 5-4 8-4 8-9 ;-6

\FiqEpke <-1 0-0 8-< 8-: 8-9 8-1 :-4

\Fiqiogxkmj 4-0 <-; 5-; 8-4 5-6 0-< 54-1

Vgveo 96-: 59-0 0-1 :-6 :-6 55-1 588-8

$`+ <808 Lepiokmi2 Pogzi|X|kce|{ VAX J|gzvd

Kcxg|vi|2

Itxg|vi|2

Dkjd

Km`gci

X\@ Kmfke EPIEM \ipv ga

FiqEpke

\ipv ga

Fiqiogxkmj

Vgveo

Dkjd Km`gci <9-6 1-0 8-; 5-0 <-8 6-6 68-<

Fiqiogxkmj 0<-< ;-4 <-6 6-: 6-; 9-4 9;-4X\@ 50-4 8-8 8-6 <-8 <-5 5-: <8-5

Kmfke <-< 8-6 8-8 8-< 8-< 8-6 0-6

EPIEM 0-: <-; 8-< 5-6 8-: 8-9 ;-6

\FiqEpke <-; <-; 8-5 8-9 8-6 8-1 :-6




<1

EPIEM 0-< <-: 8-< 5-4 8-4 8-9 ;-<

\FiqEpke <-9 0-< 8-< 8-: 8-9 8-1 :-:

\Fiqiogxkmj 4-5 <-; 5-; 8-4 5-6 0-8 54-5

Vgveo 90-: 59-1 0-: :-6 :-9 5<-5 588-8Pgy|ì2 Fi|kqif a|gc vdi eyvdg|p‛ JVEX Cgfio |ipyovp

Cg|i pxi`kakèoo{/ vdi pde|i ga kmv|e#E@K v|efi km jogleo v|efi kp x|gbi`vif vg cg|i vdem fgyloilivziim <886 emf <808/ |kpkmj a|gc <-1 vg :-1)- Vdi |kpi kp pgcizdev oipp ag| ae|c x|gfy`vpvdgyjd2 kmv|e#E@K v|efi ep e pde|i ga jogleo v|efi km ae|c x|gfy`vp km vdkp `g|i pìme|kg |kpipa|gc <-: vg 1-8)- Cgpv ga vdev v|efi kp a|gc EPIEM vg vdi X\@ emf Kmfke $Veloi 5<+-

V|efi kmfitip ce{ li ypif vg veni kmvg e``gymv `demjip km |ijkgmeo pde|ip ga jogleov|efi- Gmi ypif l{ Emfi|pgm emf Mg|dikc $5;;0+ kp em kmvimpkv{ kmfit- Vdi itxg|v v|efikmvimpkv{ kmfit kp fiakmif km qeoyi vi|cp ep vdi pde|i ga `gymv|{ k‛p itxg|vp jgkmj vg `gymv|{ b^tkb 'tkS fkqkfif l{ vdi pde|i ga `gymv|{ b‛p kcxg|vp $c b+ km zg|of kcxg|vp $cz+ miv ga `gymv|{ k‛pkcxg|vp $c k+- Vdev kp/56

$5+ K

kb 3 ^tkb 't kS'^c b '$cz # c k

Vdi zikjdvif eqi|eji ga K

+S

kb e`|gpp eoo b kp ymkv{> emf vdi cg|i K kb

Veloi 55 pycce|krip vdi v|efi kmvimpkv{ kmfitip- Kv pyjjipvp vdev/ km vdi elpimì ga v|efi xgok`{`demjip/ vdi kmvimpkv{ ga kmv|e#Fiqiogxkmj Epke v|efi zkoo fiòkmi livziim <886 emf <808/ ep zkoovdi kmvimpkv{ ga vdev |ijkgm‛p itxg|vp vg fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip ga gvdi| |ijkgmp- Vdkp kp e mevy|eo`gmpiuyimì ga vdi f|ecevk` j|gzvd km vdi pde|ip ga Epkem fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip km zg|of v|efi/pkmì vdkp kmvimpkv{ kmfitip `gmqi|ji vgze|fp ymkv{ vdi oe|ji| vdi v|efkmj xe|vmi|‛p pde|i kmzg|of v|efi-

kp elgqi ymkv{/ vdi cg|i kmvimpikp vdi lkoevi|eo v|efi |ioevkgmpdkx livziim k emf b-

Veloi 552 Kmv|e#emf Itv|e#\ijkgmeo V|efi Kmvimpkv{ Kmfitipe

ag| Fiqiogxkmj Epkem@gymv|kip/ Gvdi| Fiqiogxkmj @gymv|kip emf Dkjd#Km`gci @gymv|kip/ <886 Lepi/

<808 @g|i emf <808 Eovi|mevkqi J|gzvd Pìme|kgp

$e+ <886

DkjdKm`gci

X\@ Kmfke EPIEM \ipv Fiq-Epke

\ipvfiqiogxkmj

DkjdKm`gci 5-84 8-14 8-1: 8-1; 8-48 8-;6

X\@ 8-;9 8-88 8-:4 5-01 5-:5 8-:6

Kmfke 8-45 8-;4 8-88 5-68 5-6< 5-49

EPIEM 8-:0 <-86 5-09 0-4: 5-91 8-94

\FiqEpke 8-:< 6-<0 8-44 5-91 5-<8 8-:6

\fiqiogxkmj 8-;< 8-:< <-1; 8-:< 5-8; 5-99

$l+ <808 @g|i

56Ka vdi kcxg|vi| b kp e `gymv|{ j|gyx emf `gymv|{ k kp xe|v ga `gymv|{ j|gyx b/ kv kp miìppe|{ vg pylv|e`v `gymv|{ k‛p

kcxg|vp a|gc c b $vdi myci|evg| ga vdi pi`gmf itx|ippkgm km puye|i l|e`nivp km iuyevkgm $5++/ pkmì `gymv|{ k fgipmgv itxg|v vg kvpioa- Ka vdi itxg|vi| k kp e `gymv|{ j|gyx/ em exx|gtkcevkgm èm li èo`yoevif l{ itòyfkmj gmo{ 5'm

vdga

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<4

Veloi 5<2 Pioa#Pyaak`kim`{ \evkg km Ej|k`yovy|eo X|gfy`vp/ <886 Lepi/ <808 @g|iemf <808 Pìme|kg zkvd Aepvi| J|ekm VAX J|gzvd km E@K @gymv|kip

$e+ <886 Lepi

Dkjd Km`gci X\@ Kmfke EPIEM \FiqEpke \Fiqiogxkmj

\kì 8-;9 5-88 5-86 5-84 8-;: 8-:9Zdiev 5-<< 8-46 5-80 8-55 8-:6 8-1:

@ge|pi J|ekmp 5-86 5-85 5-80 8-;< 8-0; 8-44

A|ykv ! Qij 8-41 5-85 8-;; 5-89 8-;8 5-5:

Gkopiifp 8-;9 8-6: 5-85 8-:; 8-05 5-5:

Pyje| 8-;5 8-;9 8-;4 5-85 8-4; 5-86

@gvvgm 5-59 8-16 5-88 8-5: 8-4: 5-59

Gvdi| @|gxp 8-44 5-48 5-86 5-8: 8-;< 5-00

Liia ! Pdiix 8-;; 8-4; 5-80 8-4: 8-4; 8-;;

Xg|n ! @dk`nim 8-;4 5-85 5-88 5-88 8-49 5-8<

Fek|{ 5-85 8-;: 5-88 8-19 8-;6 8-;6Gvdi| Aggf 8-;: 5-80 8-;: 5-5: 8-46 5-85

$l+ <808 @g|i Pkc


\kì 5-8< 8-;4 5-8; 5-88 5-88 8-:<

Zdiev 5-1; 8-18 5-50 8-86 8-15 8-19

@ge|pi J|ekmp 5-50 8-;1 5-8: 8-4; 8-01 8-44

A|ykv ! Qij 5-85 8-;< 8-;: 5-8< 8-;1 5-50

Gkopiifp 5-0< 8-5; 5-88 8-19 8-00 5-0<

Pyje| 8-;5 8-46 8-;9 8-;9 8-;6 5-8:

@gvvgm <-05 8-64 8-;5 8-8; 8-16 5-95Gvdi| @|gxp 5-88 8-06 8-;; 8-:1 8-:6 5-50

Liia ! Pdiix 5-80 8-10 8-;; 8-:: 8-;5 5-89

Xg|n ! @dk`nim 5-5; 8-:; 8-;: 8-;5 8-41 5-50

Fek|{ 5-8< 8-;0 5-8< 8-1; 8-;9 8-;6

Gvdi| Aggf 8-;4 8-;< 5-8< 5-<0 8-41 5-85

$`+ <808 Dkjdi| J|ekm VAX J|gzvd km vdi X\@/ Kmfke/ emf EPIEM


\kì 8-;; 8-;4 5-55 5-86 8-;4 8-1;

Zdiev 5-1< 8-19 5-<< 8-89 8-18 8-16

@ge|pi J|ekmp 5-5< 8-;1 5-84 8-;8 8-01 8-44A|ykv ! Qij 5-85 8-;< 8-;: 5-80 8-;1 5-50

Gkopiifp 5-0< 8-5; 5-88 8-11 8-00 5-0<

Pyje| 8-;5 8-49 8-;9 8-;9 8-;6 5-8:

@gvvgm <-05 8-64 8-;5 8-58 8-16 5-95

Gvdi| @|gxp 5-88 8-06 8-;; 8-:1 8-:6 5-5<

Liia ! Pdiix 5-80 8-16 8-;; 8-:4 8-;5 5-89




<;

Xg|n ! @dk`nim 5-5; 8-:; 8-;: 8-;< 8-41 5-50

Fek|{ 5-8< 8-;0 5-8< 8-:8 8-;9 8-;6

Gvdi| Aggf 8-;: 8-;< 5-8< 5-<6 8-41 5-85

Veloi 5< $`gmvkmyif+2 Pioa#Pyaak`kim`{ \evkg km Ej|k`yovy|eo X|gfy`vp/ <886 Lepi/<808 @g|i emf <808 Pìme|kg zkvd Aepvi| J|ekm VAX J|gzvd km E@K @gymv|kip

$f+ <808 Zkvd Dkjdi| Fiqiogxkmj @gymv|{ Ej|k`yovy|eo X|gvi`vkgm


\kì 8-;4 8-;; 5-8< 5-8< 8-;4 8-46

Zdiev 5-90 8-:5 5-84 8-80 8-1: 8-:<

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Gkopiifp 5-08 8-54 5-88 8-1; 8-06 5-<4

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Liia ! Pdiix 5-88 8-:5 5-88 8-4< 8-;< 5-8:

Xg|n ! @dk`nim 5-54 8-45 8-;4 8-;< 8-4; 5-8;

Fek|{ 5-85 8-;6 5-8< 8-1; 8-;: 8-;1

Gvdi| Aggf 8-;4 8-;5 5-8< 5-<0 8-46 5-88Pgy|ì2 Fi|kqif a|gc vdi eyvdg|p‛ JVEX Cgfio |ipyovp

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èxkve aggf `gmpycxvkgm zgyof cg|i vdem fgyloi ag| fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip $e 50;) |kpi+- Kvzgyof km`|iepi iqim cg|i ag| vdi X\@ emf Kmfke/ l{ <<1 emf 5::)/ |ipxi`vkqio{/ emf ag|EPIEM l{ 5<5)- Vdipi e|i f|ecevk` kcx|gqicimvp km aggf `gmpycxvkgm py`d vdev/ iqim kakm`gci fkpv|klyvkgm zi|i vg zg|pim gqi| vdi mitv vzg fièfip/ qk|vyeoo{ eoo j|gyxp km vdgpii`gmgckip `gyof itxi`v vg li cy`d livvi| aif l{ <808 e``g|fkmj vg vdkp lepiokmi pìme|kg-




08

Veloi 502 @demjip km \ieo Dgypidgof @gmpycxvkgm Xi| @exkve ga Ej|k`yovy|eo emf Aggf X|gfy`vp a|gc <886Lepi/ @g|i emf Eovi|mevkqi J|gzvd Pìme|kgp km <808/ emf Qe|kevkgmp a|gc vdev @g|i Lepi fyi vg V|efi \iag|cp

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Ayoo v|efiokl‛m

Ayoo v|eokl‛m a|dkjdi|x|gvi`v

Z- Iy|gxi 06 <9 06 06 #8-5 8-8 8-5 6-9 I- Iy|gxi 4: :: 44 44 8-8 8-5 8-8 <-0

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EMR 1: 1< 1: 1: #8-5 8-0 8-5 8-<

Bexem 01 <; 01 01 8-1 0-1 9-9 9-:

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Kmfke 5:: 508 5:4 5:: #8-0 8-6 5-0 5-0

\ipv P- Epke 5:1 5<0 5:1 5:1 #8-6 #8-6 #8-5 5-<

@imv|eo Epke ;; 58; 588 ;; 8-8 8-< 8-1 <-8

Oevkm Eci|kè :1 16 :1 :1 #8-5 8-5 8-8 8-8

C-I- ! Ea|kè 580 45 586 58< 8-8 8-5 8-1 <-< Dkjd#km`gci 60 06 60 60 8-8 8-9 8-4 0-5

Fiqiogxkmj 50; 589 568 504 8-8 8-9 5-5 5-;

ga zdk`d Epke2 51: 5<5 514 511 8-8 8-: 5-1 <-<

Vgveo 11 6: 11 19 8-8 8-9 5-8 <-9 Pgy|ì2 Fi|kqif a|gc vdi eyvdg|p‛ JVEX Cgfio |ipyovp-




05

9- EOVI\MEVKQI VAX J\GZVD X\GBI@VKGMP VG <808

Vdi elgqi `g|i x|gbi`vkgm kp lyv gmi ga c{|kef xgppklkokvkip/ pg km vdkp pi`vkgm zi itxog|i gvdi|pemf `gcxe|i vdik| i`gmgck` `gmpiuyimìp zkvd vdgpi bypv pycce|krif ag| <808- Pxi`kakèoo{/vdi agoogzkmj vzg eovi|mevkqi j|gzvd pìme|kgp e|i `gmpkfi|if2

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9-5 Pogzi| VAX j|gzvd km x|kce|{ pi`vg|p km eoo `gymv|kip

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0<

Veloi 562 Itxg|vp Xoyp Kcxg|vp ga Jggfp emf Pi|qkìp ep e X|gxg|vkgm ga JFX/ <886 Lepi/ <808 @g|i emf <808Eovi|mevkqi J|gzvd Pìme|kgp/ emf V|efi \iag|c Pìme|kgp


<886 <808`g|i

<808Pogzi|

x|kce|{VAX

<808Aepvi| E@KJ|ekm VAX

<808km`|-ej|k`x|gv

EPIEM.1Mg Ej-

EPIEM.1 EPIEM.1CAM

Ayoov|efi okl-

Ayoo v|eokl‛m a|g

dkjdej|k`- x|

Z- Iy|gxi 8-11 8-:8 8-:; 8-:8 8-:8 8-:8 8-:8 8-:5 8-:9 8-

I- Iy|gxi 8-1; 8-:4 8-;8 8-:4 8-:4 8-:: 8-:4 8-:; 8-4; 8-YP ! @emefe 8-<: 8-05 8-09 8-05 8-05 8-05 8-05 8-05 8-00 8-EMR 8-0; 8-66 8-6; 8-66 8-60 8-6: 8-6; 8-64 8-6; 8-Bexem 8-<1 8-<; 8-00 8-<; 8-<; 8-0< 8-00 8-0< 8-00 8-X\@ 8-:: 8-4< 5-<; 8-4< 8-45 8-;5 8-;< 8-;; 5-8< 5-EPIEM 5-64 5-9; 5-46 5-9; 5-9: 5-:9 5-:: 5-:; 5-48 5-Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-;1 8-;1 5-89 8-;1 8-;9 8-;9 8-;9 8-;: 5-<; 5-\ipv I- Epke 5-89 5-58 5-<4 5-58 5-58 5-59 5-5: 5-<5 5-<1 5-Kmfke 8-0: 8-61 8-1< 8-61 8-69 8-99 8-94 8-11 8-1: 8-\ipv P- Epke 8-95 8-11 8-40 8-11 8-19 8-19 8-19 8-11 8-41 8-@imv|eo Epke 8-;; 5-8< 5-50 5-8< 5-88 5-8< 5-8< 5-80 5-5< 5-Oevkm Eci|kè 8-6; 8-94 8-:8 8-94 8-94 8-9; 8-9; 8-9; 8-1: 8-C-I- ! Ea|kè 8-48 8-4: 8-;6 8-4: 8-46 8-41 8-41 8-4: 5-80 5-

Dkjd#km`gci 8-66 8-64 8-99 8-64 8-64 8-6; 8-6; 8-98 8-9< 8-Fiqiogxkmj 8-:: 8-40 5-8: 8-40 8-4< 8-4; 8-;8 8-;6 5-85 5-

ga zdk`d Epke2 8-;8 8-4; 5-<< 8-4; 8-44 8-;4 5-88 5-89 5-8; 5-

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00

9-< Aepvi| vgveo ae`vg| x|gfy`vkqkv{ $VAX+ j|gzvd km j|ekm `|gxxkmjkm E@K `gymv|kip

Vdi `g|i x|gbi`vkgm pivp VAX j|gzvd |evip ag| ej|k`yovy|eo emf okjdvo{ x|gìppif pi`vg|p ev gmixi|ìmveji xgkmv xi| {ie| dkjdi| vdem ag| mgm#x|kce|{ pi`vg|p- Km vdkp mitv eovi|mevkqi pìme|kg/

vdi VAX j|gzvd |evip ag| |kì/ zdiev emf `ge|pi j|ekmp e|i piv em itv|e 8-9) dkjdi| ag| bypvEPIEM/ vdi X\@ emf Kmfke- Vdkp `gyof `gci elgyv l{ lggpvkmj ej|k`yovy|eo \!F km vdi |ijkgm/ce|jkmeo |ivy|mp a|gc zdk`d e|i oknio{ vg li pg dkjd ep vg mgv miif vg zg||{ elgyv cgfiookmjvdik| yx#a|gmv `gpv $Eopvgm iv eo- <888/ <88;+- Py`d e lggpv |ekpip gqi|eoo ej|k`yovy|eo pioa#pyaak`kim`{ |evip l{ 0 xi|ìmveji xgkmvp ag| EPIEM `gymv|kip emf 5 xgkmv ag| Kmfke> lyv kv l|kmjpfgzm vdi kmvi|mevkgmeo x|kì ga j|ekmp imgyjd vdev vdi X\@‛p aggf pioa#pyaak`kim`{ aeoop pokjdvo{$Exximfkt Veloi E-9 emf Veloip : emf 56+- Iqim pg/ kv km`|iepip pokjdvo{ vdi itvimv gaej|k`yovy|eo v|efi ecgmj E@K `gymv|kip/ emf pokjdvo{ |ekpip kmpvief ga ogzi|kmj $ep km vdi `g|ipìme|kg+ vdik| itxg|vp ga ae|c x|gfy`vp vg gvdi| Epkem fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip $Veloi 59+-

Veloi 592 Pde|ip ga Lkoevi|eo V|efi km Jogleo V|efi km Ej|k`yovy|eo emf AggfX|gfy`vp/ <886 Lepi/ <808 @g|i emf <808 Pìme|kg zkvd Aepvi| J|ekm VAX J|gzvd

km E@K @gymv|kip/ emf V|efi \iag|c Pìme|kgp

$)+

$e+ <886 LepiKcxg|vi|2

Itxg|vi|2 Dkjd Km`gci X\@ Kmfke EPIEM \ipv

FiqEpke\ipv

FiqiogxkmjVgveo

Dkjd Km`gci 95-; 5-4 8-< 5-4 <-; :-1 11

Fiqiogxkmj 5;-6 5-1 8-1 <-9 <-9 :-< 00X\@ <-6 8-8 8-8 8-6 8-9 8-< 0

Kmfke 8-1 8-8 8-8 8-< 8-< 8-6 5

EPIEM 0-8 8-1 8-0 5-< 8-: 8-; 1

\FiqEpke 5-0 8-5 8-8 8-< 8-0 8-< <

\Fiqiogxkmj 5<-8 8-4 8-0 8-1 8-: 9-6 5;

Vgveo :5-0 0-6 8-4 6-0 9-6 56-4 588

$l+ <808 @g|i LepiokmiKcxg|vi|2


FiqEpke\ipv

FiqiogxkmjVgveo

Dkjd Km`gci 08-0 59-5 8-9 0-< 0-1 :-6 18-<

Fiqiogxkmj 5<-< 58-5 5-8 6-8 0-9 ;-8 0;-4X\@ 8-0 8-8 8-8 8-5 8-5 8-8 8-9

Kmfke 8-1 8-< 8-8 8-9 8-6 8-: <-0

EPIEM 5-4 0-0 8-0 5-1 8-4 8-; 4-4\FiqEpke 8-; 5-8 8-5 8-0 8-1 8-0 0-5

\Fiqiogxkmj 4-1 9-1 8-1 5-6 5-4 :-5 <9-5

Vgveo 6<-1 <9-< 5-1 :-< :-5 51-6 588-8

$`+ <808 Lepiokmi zkvd Ogzi| X|kce|{ X|gfy`vkqkv{ J|gzvdKcxg|vi|2


FiqEpke\ipv

FiqiogxkmjVgveo




01

Itxg|vi|2 FiqEpke Fiqiogxkmj

Dkjd Km`gci <;-; 51-6 8-9 0-0 0-: :-; 15-:

Fiqiogxkmj 55-6 ;-: 5-8 0-4 0-6 4-4 04-0X\@ 8-0 8-8 8-8 8-5 8-5 8-8 8-9

Kmfke 8-1 8-< 8-8 8-9 8-6 8-: <-0

EPIEM 5-: 0-6 8-0 5-1 8-4 8-; 4-:\FiqEpke 8-4 8-; 8-5 8-0 8-9 8-0 0-8

\Fiqiogxkmj 4-5 9-< 8-1 5-6 5-: 1-; <0-;

Vgveo 65-0 <1-< 5-9 :-< :-< 51-: 588-8Pgy|ì2 Fi|kqif a|gc vdi eyvdg|p‛ JVEX Cgfio |ipyovp

1- X\GBI@VKGMP VG <808 YMFI\ EOVI\MEVKQI XGOK@[EMF PEQKMJP P@IME\KGP

Vdi elgqi pìme|kgp eoo eppyci v|efi xgok`kip |icekm ym`demjif livziim vdi lepi xi|kgf emf

<808- Vdkp pi`vkgm iteckmip dgz vdi elgqi `g|i pìme|kg ag| <808 zgyof li eovi|if ka pgciv|efi xgok`{ |iag|cp zi|i vg li ymfi|venim gqi| vdi x|gbi`vkgmp xi|kgf- Akqi v|efi okli|eokrevkgmpìme|kgp e|i `gcxe|if zkvd vdi <808 `g|i lepiokmi/ kmòyfkmj gmi km zdk`d ej|k`yovy|eox|gvi`vkgm |kpip km pgci fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip/ emf vdi{ e|i agoogzif l{ gmi km zdk`d peqkmjp|evip km vdi Ymkvif Pvevip emf vdi X\@ e|i eovi|if- Pxi`kakèoo{/ vdi pìme|kgp e|i ep agoogzp/vdi ak|pv vd|ii eppyckmj cicli|pdkx ga vdi EPIEM a|ii v|efi e|ie kp itvimfif vg vdi pkteffkvkgmeo `gymv|kip `y||imvo{ likmj `gmpkfi|if $vdi X\@/ Bexem/ vdi \ixylok` ga Ng|ie/ Kmfke/Eypv|eoke/ emf Miz Rieoemf+ vg ag|c EPIEM.1 $pii Nezek emf Zkjme|ebe <858+2

• Eoo ci|`demfkpi v|efi itìxv ag| ej|k`yovy|eo jggfp kp a|iif zkvdkm vdi itxemfifEPIEM.1 log` $vdev kp/ gm e x|iai|imvkeo lepkp/ zkvd mg `demji vg le||ki|p vg v|efi zkvdgvdi| `gymv|kip+>

• Eoo ci|`demfkpi v|efi kmòyfkmj ej|k`yovy|eo jggfp kp a|iif gm e x|iai|imvkeo lepkp zkvdkmvdi itxemfif EPIEM.1 log`>

• Eoo ci|`demfkpi v|efi kmòyfkmj ej|k`yovy|eo jggfp kp a|iif l{ eoo `gymv|kip km vdiitxemfif EPIEM.1 j|gyx emf mgv gm e x|iai|imvkeo lepkp log` lyv |evdi| eopg zkvd vdi |ipv ga vdi zg|of $vdev kp/ gm em cgpv#aeqg|if mevkgm ^CAMS lepkp+>

• Eoo ci|`demfkpi v|efi kmòyfkmj ag| ej|k`yovy|eo jggfp kp a|iif l{ eoo `gymv|kip ga vdizg|of $jogleo CAM+>

• Eoo fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip‛ ej|k`yovy|eo kcxg|v ve|kaap e|i |ekpif vgze|fp vdik| oijeo okckvpe``g|fkmj vg `y||imv ZVG `gcckvcimvp $ej|k`yovy|eo x|gvi`vkgm j|gzvd+> emf

• Peqkmjp |evip km vdi Ymkvif Pvevip emf vdi X\@ eovi| pg ep vg oe|jio{ |icgqi vdik|

|ipxi`vkqi v|efi kcleoemìp l{ <808-

1-5 \ijkgmeo emf jogleo v|efi okli|eokrevkgm

Ka cicli|pdkx ga vdi EPIEM a|ii v|efi e|ie zi|i vg li itvimfif vg vdi pkt effkvkgmeo `gymv|kip`y||imvo{ likmj `gmpkfi|if emf vdik| jggfp v|efi zi|i vg li okli|eokrif ayoo{/ vdev `gyof jg e ogmjze{ vgze|fp jimi|evkmj vdi limiakvp vdev `gyof `gci a|gc jogleo jggfp v|efi okli|eokrevkgm- Vdkpkp lièypi vdi jogleo pde|ip ga vdev itxemfif log` ga `gymv|kip km <886 zgyof |kpi a|gc < vg




0:

<0) ag| JFX emf a|gc 1 vg <5) ag| itxg|vp $Veloip 0 emf 6+- Lyv ep zkvd eoo py`d |ijkgmeov|efkmj ej|iicimvp/ vdi xgvimvkeo limiakvp fiximf gm vdi itvimv vg zdk`d eoo v|efi kp a|iif yx-Dimì zi x|ipimv |ipyovp a|gc vdi elgqi#okpvif vd|ii qi|pkgmp ga vdkp kmkvkevkqi xoyp jogleo jggfpv|efi |iag|c-

Vdi i`gmgck` zioae|i iaai`vp ga vdgpi |iag|cp e|i pycce|krif km Veloi 51- Ka vdi EPIEM.1

kmkvkevkqi zep xy|io{ x|iai|imvkeo emf vdi |iag|c itòyfif ae|c x|gfy`vp/ vdi jogleo jekmp zgyofli gmo{ &51 lkookgm e {ie| l{ <808 $km <886 YP fgooe|p+- Vdi jekm vg Fiqiogxkmj Epke zgyof lipokjdvo{ dkjdi| ev &<1 lkookgm/ ev vdi itximpi ga &9 lkookgm vg gvdi| fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip- Zi|iej|k`yovy|i mgv vg li itòyfif a|gc vdi fieo/ vdi jogleo jekmp zgyof li mie|o{ agy| vkcip j|ievi|lyv cgpv ga vdic zgyof li imbg{if km vdi Zipvi|m Xe`kak`/ emf mgm#Epkem fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kipep e j|gyx pvkoo zgyof li pokjdvo{ zg|pi gaa- Zi|i vdgpi |iag|cp l{ EPIEM.1 vg li gm em CAMlepkp $vdev kp/ |icgqi le||ki|p ag| v|efi mgv gmo{ zkvdkm vdi j|gyx lyv eopg zkvd mgm#cicli|p+/vdi jogleo jekmp zgyof mie|o{ v|iloi ejekm/ vg &511 lkookgm xi| {ie| l{ <808/ zdkoi FiqiogxkmjEpke‛p jekm zgyof fgyloi vg &9< lkookgm- Km vdev èpi mgm#Epkem fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip zgyof lilivvi| gaa l{ &08 lkookgm xi| {ie|- Ag| eoo vd|ii pivp ga `gymv|kip vdgpi zioae|i limiakvp e|i oippvdem deoa zdev vdi{ zgyof li ka eoo `gymv|kip ga vdi zg|of zi|i vg |icgqi vdik| le||ki|p vg jggfpv|efi- Py`d em itv|ici |iag|c zgyof jimi|evi zioae|i jekmp ga &046 lkookgm xi| {ie| jogleoo{ l{

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Vdi kcxe`v ga itxemfkmj vdi EPIEM log` l{ 1 cicli|p emf a|iikmj v|efi ecgmj vdi itxemfifcicli|pdkx lyv mgv km ae|c jggfp dep okvvoi kcxe`v gm E@K‛p pde|i ga jogleo ej|k`yovy|eo v|efi- Kaae|c jggfp e|i mgv itòyfif km vdev x|iai|imvkeo v|efi |iag|c/ dgziqi|/ EPIEM‛p ej|k`yovy|eoitxg|vp km`|iepi f|ecevkèoo{ emf E@K‛p pde|i ga zg|of ej|k`yovy|eo itxg|vp $kcxg|vp+ km <808zgyof li 5: kmpvief ga 5<) $04 kmpvief ga 06)+‖iqim vdgyjd ej|k`yovy|eo pioa#pyaak`kim`{ ga vdiX\@/ Kmfke emf EPIEM zgyof mgv `demji l{ cy`d $Veloip 1$l+ emf :+-

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Veloi 512 Iaai`vp gm Zioae|i emf JFX ga Okli|eokrkmj V|efi km Epke emf Jogleoo{/

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EPIEM.mg ej

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EPIEM.CAM

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Z- Iy|gxi #51-8 #56-4 <1-6 :1-0 :4-6

I- Iy|gxi #8-0 8-0 4-4 <6-< <1-5

YP ! @emefe #55-< #56-; 51-6 5<-< <8-<

EMR 5-6 5<-5 5-8 0-; 1-:




04

Bexem <5-4 0;-6 05-1 00-8 05-4

X\@ <-8 #<-6 #<<-8 5;-; 51-8

EPIEM 05-5 68-4 6<-9 98-5 95-8

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp #8-5 #8-0 8-5 5-< 5-<

\ipv I- Epke ;-5 59-< <4-; 65-4 65-6

Kmfke #50-< #4-5 <-5 50-< 55-:

\- Pgyvd Epke #0-5 #0-6 #8-1 6-1 6-<

@imv|eo Epke 8-8 8-< 5-0 0-< 6-<

Oevkm Eci|kè #<-< #0-6 5-9 <4-; 0;-5

C-I- ! Ea|kè #0-8 #8-; <4-1 :5-: 4<-5

Dkjd#km`gci #6-< <<-5 46-5 56;-1 510-<

Fiqiogxkmj <8-1 0:-4 4<-0 <06-9 <98-4

ga zdk`d2 Epke <9-4 6<-8 9<-< 500-; 5<;-1

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Vgveo 51-0 9;-4 511-6 046-8 656-8

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JogleoCAM

Jogleo CAM a|gc dkjdi|ej x|gv pkc

Z- Iy|gxi #8-86 #8-8< 8-80 8-18 8-9;

I- Iy|gxi #8-85 8-88 8-5< 8-;4 5-88

YP ! @emefe #8-85 #8-85 8-8< 8-56 8-50

EMR 8-58 8-5< 8-5: 8-51 8-51

Bexem 8-81 8-6: 8-94 8-94 8-91

X\@ 8-50 8-50 8-69 8-90 8-10

EPIEM 8-:: 8-;6 <-86 <-<5 <-06

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp #8-8: #8-<6 8-8; <-14 <-41

\ipv I- Epke 8-<8 8-15 8-41 5-54 5-<0

Kmfke #8-50 8-<5 5-<4 5-0: 5-04

\- Pgyvd Epke #8-59 #8-59 8-85 5-04 5-95

@imv|eo Epke #8-80 #8-85 #8-80 8-9; 8-;8

Oevkm Eci|kè #8-81 #8-8: #8-89 8-66 8-19

C-I- ! Ea|kè #8-8; #8-8; #8-85 5-50 5-0:

Dkjd#km`gci #8-85 8-89 8-58 8-65 8-68

Fiqiogxkmj 8-50 8-<4 8-40 5-9< 5-:6

ga zdk`d Epke 8-<4 8-90 5-04 5-:< 5-41

Gvdi| #8-80 #8-80 #8-85 8-<; 8-0:

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1-< Ej|k`yovy|eo x|gvi`vkgm j|gzvd km fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip

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0;

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Emfi|pgm emf Miojim $<855+ eff|ipp vdkp kppyi l{ ypkmj xgokvkèo i`gmgc{ vdig|{/ xepvx|gvi`vkgm v|imfp/ emf vdi x|gbi`vkgmp a|gc vdi x|ipimv pvyf{ ga xi| èxkve JFX emf ej|kòvy|eov|efi pxi`keokrevkgm vg x|gbi`v i`gmgciv|kèoo{ zdev |evip ga x|gvi`vkgm ckjdv li ag| ni{ ae|cx|gfy`vp l{ <808 ka ym|ipv|ekmif l{ miz v|efi ej|iicimvp $lyv impy|kmj vdi{ fg mgv itìif`y||imv ve|kaa lkmfkmjp ev vdi ZVG+- Vdi kcxe`v vdkp dep gm vdi gqi|eoo pi`vg|eo |evip gaej|k`yovy|eo x|gvi`vkgm èm li piim l{ `gcxe|kmj `goycmp 5 emf 6 ga Exximfkt Veloi E-:-

Zdim vdipi eovi|mevkqi |evip e|i efgxvif kmpvief ga vdi <886 |evip ypif km vdi `g|i <808x|gbi`vkgm/ kmvi|mevkgmeo aggf x|kìp e|i e okvvoi ogzi| km vdev {ie| $Exximfkt Veloi E-9+- Vdkp kplièypi E@K emf gvdi| fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip v|efi oipp emf km xe|vk`yoe| kcxg|v aizi| ae|cx|gfy`vp km vdkp ep `gcxe|if zkvd vdi `g|i pìme|kg $Veloip 55 emf 1$e++- [iv fipxkvi vdevcenkmj vdi E@K `gymv|kip cg|i ej|k`yovy|eoo{ pioa#pyaak`kimv km <808 vdem km vdi `g|i pìme|kg$Veloi 56$f++/ vdik| |ieo aggf `gmpycxvkgm kp ogzi| km vdkp ej|k`yovy|eo x|gvi`vkgm j|gzvd pìme|kg

$Veloi 59+-

Eopg/ vdi jogleo zioae|i `gpv ga v|efi xgok`kip zgyof li pgcizdev dkjdi| zkvd vdkp x|gvi`vkgmj|gzvd- Km xe|vk`yoe|/ vdi zioae|i `gpv ga fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip‛ ej|k`yovy|eo xgok`kip zgyof licg|i vdem gmi#ikjdvd dkjdi|/ km`|iepkmj vdi `gpv ga vdik| xgok`kip gqi|eoo l{ gmi#mkmvd ‐ emf|ekpkmj ej|k`yovy|i‛p `gmv|klyvkgm vg vdi jogleo `gpv ga eoo jggfp v|efi fkpvg|vkgmp a|gc 9; vg 1<)$Veloi 5:+- Vdi akmeo vzg `goycmp ga Veloi 51 fkpejj|ijevi vdgpi |ipyovp vg |iqieo vdik| iaai`vpgm cebg| i`gmgckip- Vdi fkaai|imìp km vdi vzg pivp ga iaai`vp e|i e `gclkmevkgm ga dkjdi|x|gvi`vkgm |evip emf vdyp eopg `gmpyci| x|kìp ag| pgci ae|c x|gfy`vp km pgci fiqiogxkmj`gymv|kip/ pylpvkvyvkgm vgze|fp vdi x|gfy`vkgm emf eze{ a|gc vdi `gmpycxvkgm ga vdgpi cg|i#x|gvi`vif x|gfy`vp km vdgpi `gymv|kip/ emf/ ep e `gmpiuyimì ga vdgpi efbypvcimvp/ vi|cp gav|efi `demjip ag| eoo `gymv|kip- Ag| cgpv lyv mgv eoo ga vdi `gymv|kip'`gymv|{ j|gyxp pdgzm kmVeloi 51/ vdik| zioae|i zgyof li ogzi| $vdik| jekm a|gc CAM okli|eokrevkgm j|ievi|+ km vdipìme|kg km zdk`d ej|k`yovy|eo x|gvi`vkgm zep j|ievi|- Ni{ itìxvkgmp e|i aggf#kcxg|vkmj Bexem/vdi X\@/ emf Kmfke/ eoo ga zdgc zgyof deqi limiakvvif a|gc vdi ogzi| kmvi|mevkgmeo x|kìpeppg`kevif zkvd dkjdi| ej|k`yovy|eo x|gvi`vkgm emf vdyp zgyof pyaai| e j|ievi| vi|cp ga v|efifivi|kg|evkgm zkvd |iag|c- \icgqkmj vdgpi dkjdi| x|gvi`vkgm |evip a|gc vdkp eovi|mevkqi`gymvi|ae`vyeo zgyof impy|i |ieo dgypidgof `gmpycxvkgm ga ae|c x|gfy`vp zgyof |kpi l{ cg|i kmE@K `gymv|kip vgg $Veloi 59+-

Veloi 5:2 \ijkgmeo emf Pi`vg|eo Pgy|ìp ga Zioae|i Jekmp a|gc Ayoo Jogleo V|efiOkli|eokrevkgm/ <808/ @g|i emf Ej|k`yovy|eo X|gvi`vkgm J|gzvd Pkcyoevkgmp

$e+ @g|i Pkcyoevkgm

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Dkjd#km`gci

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Eoo x|gfy`vp <05 590 046 588 588 588

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1-0 Eovi|if peqkmjp |evip km vdi Ymkvif Pvevip emf vdi X\@

Km vdi `g|i x|gbi`vkgm zi fkf mgv `gmpv|ekm v|efi kcleoemìp gqi| vkci- Dgziqi|/ iqim km vdikmkvkeo <886 fevelepi/ vdipi e|i dyji ag| vdi Ymkvif Pvevip emf vdi X\@- Pgci e|jyi vdev vdipikcleoemìp e|i ymoknio{ vg li pypvekmif gqi| vkci $pii Aiofpvikm <855 emf Je|meyv <855/ecgmj gvdi|p+- Jkqim vdev vdi oe|ji emf |exkfo{ j|gzkmj @dkmipi i`gmgc{ kp em kcxg|vemvf|kqi| ga pgci ga vdi `demjip zi cgfio/ zi vipvif vdi pimpkvkqkv{ ga ni{ |ipyovp vg fivi|ckmidgz vdi{ ckjdv `demji km em eovi|mevkqi pìme|kg zdi|i vdi X\@‛p v|efi py|xoyp kp `gmpv|ekmif-Km xe|vk`yoe|/ zi `gmpkfi|if em itv|ici eovi|mevkqi pìme|kg km zdk`d vdi v|efi py|xoyp ag| vdi




65

X\@ emf vdi v|efi fiak`kv ag| vdi YP e|i ippimvkeoo{ iokckmevif gqi| vdi mitv vzg fièfip-59

Vdi kcxg|vemì ga vdi X\@ km jogleo itxg|vp zkoo mevy|eoo{ |ifyì ka kv fgip mgv `gmvkmyi dyji

v|efi py|xoypip/ zdkoi vdi kcxg|vemì ga vdi Ymkvif Pvevip km jogleo itxg|vp zkoo km`|iepi ka kv mgogmji| |ymp oe|ji v|efi fiak`kvp2 vdi X\@‛p pde|i jgip fgzm < xi|ìmveji xgkmvp/ emf vdi dkjd#km`gci `gymv|kip‛ pde|i jgip yx l{ 0 xgkmvp $`gcxe|i xe|vp $l+ emf $k+ ga Veloi 58+- Lkoevi|eov|efi aogzp/ xe|vk`yoe|o{ ag| vdi Ymkvif Pvevip emf vdi X\@/ zkoo vdyp li kcxe`vif aek|o{pkjmkakèmvo{ l{ vdkp cgfkakif eppycxvkgm- Vdi|i zkoo eopg li |ixi|`yppkgmp ag| v|efi aogzp zkvdgvdi| |ijkgmp/ kmòyfkmj pgcizdev ogzi| v|efi livziim gvdi| Fiqiogxkmj Epke emf vdi X\@/fyi vg vdi X\@‛p |ifyìf miif ag| kmvi|cifkevi kcxg|vif `gcxgmimvp gmì kvp miv itxg|v aogzpe|i `gmpv|ekmif- Kmfiif/ vgveo kmv|e#fiqiogxkmj Epke v|efi |ifyìp pkjmkakèmvo{/ ep e |ipyov ga vdikcxg|vemì ga vdi X\@ km vdkp |ijkgm- Kcxg|vemvo{ ag| ae|ci|p/ vdi pde|i ga vdi X\@ km jogleoej|k`yovy|eo kcxg|vp |kpip l{ 5 xi|ìmveji xgkmv ep vdi v|efi kcleoemìp e|i xdepif gyv$`gcxe|i xe|vp $l+ emf $k+ ga Veloi 5<+- Ka jogleo JFX j|gzvd |evip e|i mgv kcxe`vif l{ vdi v|efi|ileoem`kmj/ dgziqi|/ vdkp cgfkakif v|efi leoemì eppycxvkgm fgip mgv `demji vdi gqi|eoo

xevvi|m ga gy| gvdi| cekm akmfkmjp-

Pkmì zi pkcxo{ zkpdif vg vipv vdi |glypvmipp ga gy| akmfkmjp vg vdkp xgppklkokv{/ zi fkf mgvcgfka{ gvdi| eppycxvkgmp a|gc vdi `g|i lepiokmi/ kmòyfkmj vdi JFX j|gzvd emf èxkveoe``ycyoevkgm |evip/ g| v|efi leoemìp km gvdi| |ijkgmp-

:- @EQIEVP

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E pi`gmf eppycxvkgm kp vdev zi deqi ejj|ijevif vdi cgfio kmvg bypv <1 pi`vg|p'x|gfy`v j|gyxp-Vdkp oiefp vg j|gpp ymfi|ipvkcevkgm mgv gmo{ ga vdi jekmp a|gc v|efi |iag|c/ pdgzm km Veloi 51/

lyv eopg ga vdi itvimv vg zdk`d ak|cp èm veni efqemveji ga kmv|e#kmfypv|{ v|efi vd|gyjditxogkvkmj vdi km`|iepkmj gxxg|vymkvkip vg ogzi| `gpvp vd|gyjd a|ejcimvkmj vdi x|gfy`vkgmx|gìpp kmvg iqi|#cg|i xkiìp zdgpi ogèvkgm kp aggvoggpi-

Vdk|f/ zi deqi eppycif `gmpvemv |ivy|mp vg pèoi emf xi|ai`v `gcxivkvkgm |evdi| vdem eoogzkmjak|cp vg imbg{ km`|iepkmj |ivy|mp emf pgci fij|ii ga cgmgxgo{ xgzi| ag| vdik| fkaai|imvkevifx|gfy`vp- Vdkp vgg oiefp vg ymfi|ipvkcevip ga vdi zioae|i jekmp a|gc v|efi |iag|c $N|yjcem<88;+- Vdi ae`v vdev gximkmj em i`gmgc{ itxgpip cgmgxgokpvk` ak|cp vg j|ievi| `gcxivkvkgmjimi|evip jekmp a|gc v|efi |iag|c vdev `gyof li uykvi pylpvemvkeo km vi|cp ga |ify`kmj ak|c ce|n#yxp/ e``g|fkmj vg myci|gyp `gymv|{ èpi pvyfkip $pii/ i-j-/ N|kpdme emf Ckv|e $5;;4+ gm Kmfke+-

Agy|vd/ zdi|i `gmpyci|p $kmòyfkmj ak|cp kcxg|vkmj kmvi|cifkevi kmxyvp+ qeoyi e j|ievi| qe|kiv{ga jggfp/ g| e j|ievi| |emji ga uyeokvkip/ kmv|e#kmfypv|{ v|efi èm j|gz ep e |ipyov ga lgvd

i`gmgck` j|gzvd emf v|efi xgok`{ |iag|c/ lyv vdev vgg kp mgv venim kmvg e``gymv km vdi elgqiemeo{pkp-

Akavd/ km vdi v|efi |iag|c pìme|kgp zi deqi mgv eoogzif fgcipvk` xgok`kip eopg vg li |iag|cif$exe|v a|gc ej|k`yovy|eo pylpkfkip+/ iqim vdgyjd kv kp v{xkèo ag| v|efi |iag|cp‖kmòyfkmj km vdi

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6<

`gmvitv ga pkjmkmj |ijkgmeo v|efi ej|iicimvp‖vg li xe|v ga e l|gefi| x|gj|ec gack`|gi`gmgck` xgok`{ |iag|c- \iìmv pvyfkip pdgz vdev zdim oelg| ce|nivp e|i a|iif yx ev vdipeci vkci ep v|efi/ ag| itecxoi/ vdi{ èm deqi qi|{ fkaai|imv zioae|i emf lkoevi|eo v|efi iaai`vpvdem ka vdgpi ae`vg| ce|nivp |icekm kmaoitkloi $Dioxcem/ Ce|km/ emf Qi|fki| <884/ Dioxcem emfKvpndgnk <858+- Vdev kp v|yi eopg zdim akmem`keo ce|niv |iag|cp e|i `gmpkfi|if/ mgv oiepvlièypi vdi kmòypkgm ga akmem`keo ce|nivp eoogzp em effkvkgmeo piv ga kmaoyimìp gm |ieo

it`demji |evip $pii/ i-j-/ C`Nkllkm emf Pvijcem <889+- Dgtde/ Neoicok#Grèm/ emf Qgoo|evd$<88;+ iteckmi jekmp a|gc akmem`keo kmvij|evkgm emf akmf vdev e cgqi a|gc eyve|n{ vg ayookmvij|evkgm ga akmem`keo ce|nivp jogleoo{ `gyof lggpv |ieo `gmpycxvkgm l{ :-9) xi|cemimvo{/iqim eppyckmj mg e``gcxem{kmj x|gfy`vkqkv{ jekmp- Mevkgmeo èpi pvyfkip ga |iag|c vg pi|qkìpv|efi cg|i jimi|eoo{ eopg akmf jekmp piqi|eo vkcip vdgpi a|gc jggfp v|efi |iag|c $i-j-/ Fii/Dempogz/ emf Xdec <880/ Ngmem emf Cepnyp <881/ \yvdi|ag|f emf Ve|| <884+- Dgziqi|/ipvkcevkmj vdi itvimv ga emf iaai`vp ga jogleoo{ |icgqkmj le||ki|p vg pi|qkìp emf ae`vg| aogzplivziim `gymv|kip kp ae| oipp fiqiogxif vdem civdgfgogjkip exxokif vg v|efi km jggfp $A|em`gkpemf Dgincem <858+-

Pktvd/ vdi peqkmjp km ly|iey`|evk` `gpvp ga efckmkpvi|kmj v|efi le||ki|p/ km v|efi|p‛ `gpvp ga`k|`ycqimvkmj le||ki|p/ emf km ogll{kpvp `gpvp ga |imv#piinkmj vg pi`y|i g| cekmvekm v|efi#

fkpvg|vkmj xgok`kip e|i eoo mgm#v|kqkeo lyv e|i mgv èxvy|if km vdi elgqi cgfiookmj-Piqimvd/ gy| cgfio dep mgv kmòyfif vdi miz lkgayio xgok`kip vdev deqi liim xyv km xoeì kmcem{ `gymv|kip lyv cgpvo{ pkmì gy| <886 lepi {ie|- Vdi miz lkgayio cemfevip emf pylpkfkipdeqi def e mgm#v|kqkeo iaai`v ga km`|iepkmj lgvd vdi ciem emf vdi qe|kemì ga kmvi|mevkgmeo aggfx|kìp/ emf e|i itxi`vif vg li`gci iqim cg|i kcxg|vemv gqi| vdi mitv fièfi ep vdicemfevip km vdi Ymkvif Pvevip emf IY km xe|vk`yoe| km`|iepi vg <8<8‐<5 $pii Di|vio emfLi`ncem <855/ Di|vio emf Fkaaimleyjd <855 emf vdi |iai|imìp vdi|ikm+-

Akmeoo{/ vdi pvemfe|f JVEX cgfio ypif di|i kp `gcxe|evkqi pvevk`- Kv vdi|iag|i fgip mgvciepy|i vdi effkvkgmeo f{meck` jekmp a|gc v|efi |iag|c- F{meck` jekmp e|kpi km myci|gypze{p- Gmi ga vdi cg|i kcxg|vemv kp vd|gyjd im`gy|ejicimv ga vdi cg|i#iaak`kimv ak|cp vg venigqi| a|gc vdi oipp iaak`kimv km ie`d `gymv|{ $Ciokvr <880/ Li|me|f iv eo- <88:/ Ciokvr emfGvveqkemg <884+- Emgvdi| ze{ kp vd|gyjd cyovkmevkgmeo ak|cp pde|kmj vi`dmgogjkip emfnmgzoifji e`|gpp `gymv|kip zkvdkm vdi ak|c $Ce|nypim <88<+- Gaapdg|kmj kp {iv emgvdi|ci`demkpc vd|gyjd zdk`d divi|gjimigyp ak|cp e|i eaai`vif l{ v|efi okli|eokrevkgm/ kmòyfkmj qke|i#ogèvkmj a|gc pceoo vg oe|ji| mevkgmp $Leofzkm emf Gnyle <855+- Vdi j|ievi| `gcxivkvkgm vdeve``gcxemkip v|efi |iag|c eopg èm pvkcyoevi cg|i kmmgqevkgm $Ejdkgm emf J|kaakvd <889+/oiefkmj vg dkjdi| |evip ga èxkveo e``ycyoevkgm emf x|gfy`vkqkv{ j|gzvd $Oycimje#Mipg/Goe||ieje/ emf P`dkaa <889+-

Km pdg|v/ vdi ejj|ijevi zioae|i jekmp a|gc a|iikmj yx v|efi e|i oknio{ vg li ae| lkjji| vdem vdiipvkcevip |ixg|vif elgqi pyjjipv/ lyv vdik| fkpv|klyvkgm/ emf vdi ipvkcevif lkoevi|eo xevvi|mp gajogleo v|efi emf |ioevkqi JFXp ga mevkgmp l{ <808/ eopg ce{ li pgcizdev fkaai|imv ka emicxk|kèo cgfio zkvd eoo ga vdi elgqi aievy|ip def liim eqekoeloi emf ypif-51

51

Ag| cg|i gm vdi `deooimjip ga imdem`kmj pvemfe|f jogleo i`gmgc{#zkfi cgfiop km vdipi ze{p/ pii A|em`gkp emfCe|vkm $<858+-

Zi eopg mgvi vdevkm vdi `y||imv cgfiookmj/ zi e|i mgv eloi vg itxok`kvo{ itxog|i kcxokèvkgmp ag| xgqi|v{ eooiqkevkgm

g| imqk|gmcimveo gyv`gcip emf vdik| `gmpiuyimv kcxe`v gm i`gmgckip-




60

4- XGOK@[ KCXOK@EVKGMP EMF @GM@OYPKGMP

Pdgyof |ioevkqio{ |exkf i`gmgck` j|gzvd km Epke emf vg e oippi| itvimv km gvdi| fiqiogxkmj`gymv|kip `de|e`vi|kri zg|of i`gmgck` fiqiogxcimv ep pyjjipvif elgqi/ vdi E@K `gymv|kip‛pde|i ga jogleo JFX emf v|efi zkoo `gmvkmyi vg |kpi pviixo{ gqi| vdi mitv vzg fièfip- Vdik|

pde|i ga jogleo ej|k`yovy|eo JFX kp x|gbi`vif vg fgyloi eopg/ lyv vdev kp mgv aepv imgyjd vg niixxeì zkvd vdik| j|gzkmj `gmpycxvkgm ga aggf- Veloi 54 pdgzp vdev/ l{ <808/ Epke kp x|gbi`vif vg`gmpyci deoa vdi zg|of‛p j|ekm emf mie|o{ deoa vdi zg|of‛p agppko ayiop $g| iqim cg|i ka è|lgmvetip e|i kmv|gfyìf km dkjd#km`gci `gymv|kip lyv mgv ici|jkmj i`gmgckip+- Vdkp kp xgppkloilièypi vdik| pde|ip ga vdi zg|of‛p kcxg|vp ga ae|c x|gfy`vp emf ga gvdi| x|kce|{ x|gfy`vp e|ix|gbi`vif vg eocgpv uyef|yxoi livziim <886 emf <808 km vdi `g|i pìme|kg $Akjy|i 6+-

Veloi 542 \ijkgmeo Pde|ip ga Jogleo @gmpycxvkgm ga J|ekmp emf Agppko Ayiop/<886 emf <808 @g|i

$)+

<886 <808

J|ekmp Ayio J|ekmp AyioZ- Iy|gxi 55-0 5;-4 1-1 58-0

I- Iy|gxi 6-; 4-6 6-8 9-;

YP ! @emefe 9-6 <6-1 6-8 56-<

EMR 8-< 5-< 8-< 8-1

Bexem 55-: 9-: 9-8 <-6

X\@ 5<-8 ;-0 <:-5 <4-0

EPIEM ;-0 6-9 58-9 9-9

Xe`kak` Kpoemfp 8-8 8-8 8-8 8-8

\ipv I- Epke 6-1 6-: 0-0 6-9

Kmfke 50-< 0-1 5<-< 55-0

\ipv P- Epke 9-0 8-9 6-4 5-9

@imv|eo Epke 8-1 5-5 8-9 8-4

Oevkm Eci|kè 4-6 1-; 1-; 1-;

C-I- ! Ea|kè 5<-; ;-: 59-8 :-4

Dkjd#km`gci 00-1 9;-: 5;-: 00-6

Fiqiogxkmj 11-6 68-0 48-0 11-1

ga zdk`d Epke2 69-8 <0-: 94-6 9<-8

Vgveo 588-8 588-8 588-8 588-8Pgy|ì2 Fi|kqif a|gc vdi eyvdg|p‛ JVEX Cgfio |ipyovp




66

Akjy|i 62 Pde|ip ga vdi X\@/ Kmfke/ emf EPIEM km Pioi`vif Jogleo Ce|nivp/ <886emf <808 @g|i

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Pgy|ì2 Pii Veloip 0/ 6/ 9/ emf 54-

Pkmì Epke km vgveo e``gymvp ag| e|gymf gmi#vdk|f ga eoo ej|k`yovy|eo emf aggf gyvxyv emf`gmpycxvkgm `y||imvo{/ emf vdev jogleo pde|i zkoo li gmi#deoa l{ <808/ kvp aggf pi`y|kv{ kp oknio{

vg li j|ievipv zdim ce|nivp ag| ae|c x|gfy`vp e|i eoze{p gxim/ emf mgv gmo{ |ijkgmeoo{ lyvjogleoo{- Vdkp kp lièypi j|ievi| gximmipp impy|ip kmvi|mevkgmeo ce|nivp e|i —vdk`ni|‛ emf vdypcg|i pveloi emf x|ifk`veloi/ emf dimì e|i cg|i oknio{ vg |ifyì xgqi|v{ vd|gyjd im`gy|ejkmjkmqipvcimv emf lggpvkmj icxog{cimv x|gpxi`vp emf i`gmgck` j|gzvd-

Vdkp lepk` v|yvd piicp emevdice vg vdgpi jgqi|mcimvp zdg xi|ìkqi aggf pi`y|kv{ ep ex|gfy`vkgm kppyi |evdi| vdem e `gmpycxvkgm kppyi/ emf zdg vdyp ag`yp gm aggf pioa#pyaak`kim`{|evdi| vdem gm vdi pximfkmj èxelkokv{ ga vdi xgg|- Py`d e qkiz kp ymfi|pvemfeloi/ vdgyjd/ km ezg|of zdi|i gvdi| `gymv|kip x|gvi`v emf kmpyoevi vdik| fgcipvk` x|gfyì|p- Vd|gyjdgyv vdi xgpv#Zg|of Ze| KK i|e cem{ jgqi|mcimvp/ km Epke ep iopizdi|i/ deqi liim |ioy`vemv vg gxim vdik|ej|k`yovy|eo ce|nivp- V|yi/ vetip gm ae|c v|efi deqi aeooim km cem{ `gymv|kip pkmì vdi 5;48p/lyv mgv km Mg|vdiepv Epke zdi|i jgqi|mcimv eppkpvemì vg ae|ci|p |icekmp itv|icio{ dkjd/deqkmj |kpim kmitg|eloi pkmì vdi 5;98p- Vdev kp xe|vo{ zd{ ae|c xgok`kip e|i pvkoo l{ ae| vdi cgpvzioae|i#|ify`kmj ga vdi |ipv|k`vkgmp vg jogleo ci|`demfkpi v|efi-5:

5:

Veloi 5:$e+ elgqi emf Emfi|pgm emf Ce|vkm $<881/ @d- 5< emf Emfi|pgm $<88;e/ @d- 50+- Vdkp |ioy`vemì gm vdixe|v ga jgqi|mcimvp vg gxim aggf v|efi kp zg|pv zdim kmvi|mevkgmeo x|kìp pxkni yx g| fgzm $Emfi|pgm emf Miojim<85<+‖iqim vdgyjd vdi miv iaai`v ga cem{ mevkgmeo jgqi|mcimvp pg piinkmj vg kmpyoevi vdik| `gmpyci|p g| ae|ci|pa|gc py`d aoy`vyevkgmp dep liim pdgzm vg li |evdi| kmiaai`vkqi emf vg iteì|levi vdi pxkni km kmvi|mevkgmeo aggfx|kìp $Ce|vkm emf Emfi|pgm <85<+-

Zi|i vdi X\@ emf Kmfke vgagoogz vdgpi Mg|vdiepv Epkem `gymv|kip km |ekpkmj vdik| eppkpvemì vg ae|ci|p ep vdik| xi| èxkvekm`gcip j|iz‖ep vdi{ deqi liim fgkmj eo|ief{ km |iìmv fièfip $Akjy|i 9+ ‖vdi `gmv|klyvkgm




69

ga ae|c xgok`kip vg vdi jogleo `gpv ga jggfp v|efi le||ki|p zgyof li`gci iqim dkjdi| $ep pdgzmkm Veloi 5:+-

Vdi v|efi |iag|c pìme|kg |ipyovp pyjjipv fiqiogxkmj `gymv|kip miif mgv zekv ag| e cyovkoevi|eov|efi ej|iicimv vg limiakv a|gc a|ii| v|efi2 em ej|iicimv l{ cicli|p ga vdi x|gpxi`vkqiEPIEM.1 log` vg a|ii vdik| v|efi gm em CAM lepkp `gyof jimi|evi ag| fiqiogxkmj Epke vzg#akavdp

ga vdi JFX jekm vdev kp ipvkcevif vg aogz ka vdi zdgoi zg|of pg okli|eokrif- Pkmì Fgde kp oknio{ vgjimi|evi gmo{ e vkm{ a|e`vkgm ga vdi jogleo jekmp a|gc ayoo v|efi |iag|c $Oelg|fi/ Ce|vkm/ emf Qemfi| Cimpl|yjjdi <855+/ a|iikmj yx Fiqiogxkmj Epkem v|efi ymfi| e l|gef |ijkgmeo ej|iicimvdep vdi xgvimvkeo vg l|kmj iqim dkjdi| jekmp vdem fgip e Fgde ej|iicimv- A|ii| aggf v|efizkvdkm Epke zgyof eopg |ifyì vdi qgoevkokv{ ga kmvi|mevkgmeo aggf x|kìp/ ipxi`keoo{ ag| |kì/ zdk`dv|efkvkgmeoo{ dep liim kmvi|mevkgmeoo{ v|efif pg cy`d oipp vdem zdiev emf `ge|pi j|ekmp-

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64

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http://ideas.repec.org/s/eee/ecmode.html




http://www.garnautreview.org.au/




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98

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95

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http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/

http://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources/res_display.asp?RecordID=2925



http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/




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http://www.gtap.org/






96

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9:

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Agriculture and Food Security in Asia by 2030

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