AGRICULTURAL CHANGES IN THE SOUTH (1790–1860)

CCALL TOALL TOFFREEDOMREEDOM

HOLT

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON1

Beginnings to 1877

AGRICULTURAL CHANGESAGRICULTURAL CHANGESIN THE SOUTH (1790–1860)IN THE SOUTH (1790–1860)Section 1:Section 1: The Growth of Cotton The Growth of Cotton

Section 2:Section 2: The Southern Economy The Southern Economy

Section 3:Section 3: Southern Society Southern Society

Section 4:Section 4: The Slave System The Slave System

Chapter 14


HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES What happened to agriculture and slavery in What happened to agriculture and slavery in

the South immediately after the American the South immediately after the American Revolution?Revolution?

What effect did the cotton gin have on the What effect did the cotton gin have on the South and slavery?South and slavery?

How did the cotton boom affect the South’s How did the cotton boom affect the South’s economy?economy?

Section 1: Section 1: The Growth of CottonThe Growth of Cotton


HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Agriculture declined following the Agriculture declined following the American Revolution leading to:American Revolution leading to: a fall in production and pricesa fall in production and prices the end of slaverythe end of slavery



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Effects of Cotton Gin Effects of Cotton Gin on the South and Slaveryon the South and Slavery revolutionized the cotton industry and revolutionized the cotton industry and

increased Southern agricultureincreased Southern agriculture led to greater use of slave laborled to greater use of slave labor



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Southern EconomySouthern EconomyThe Southern economy improved as cotton The Southern economy improved as cotton became a major cash crop.became a major cash crop.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES How did trade affect the southern economy?How did trade affect the southern economy? Why were crops other than cotton important Why were crops other than cotton important

to the southern economy?to the southern economy? What kinds of factories were located in the What kinds of factories were located in the

South?South?

Section 2: Section 2: The Southern EconomyThe Southern Economy


HOLT


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Effect of Trade on Southern EconomyEffect of Trade on Southern EconomyTrade and economy in the South improved and Trade and economy in the South improved and led to the growth of major port cities.led to the growth of major port cities.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Other CropsOther CropsOther crops important to the southern economy Other crops important to the southern economy were were corn, rice, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, corn, rice, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, wheat, tobacco, hemp, wheat, tobacco, hemp, andand flax flax..



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Factories in the SouthFactories in the South rope industriesrope industries lumber industrieslumber industries steam-powered sawmillsteam-powered sawmill factories to process crops, such as the sugar-factories to process crops, such as the sugar-

processing factoryprocessing factory iron works factoryiron works factory



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES What was life like for southern planters and What was life like for southern planters and

owners of small farms?owners of small farms? What was the urban South like?What was the urban South like? What challenges did free African Americans What challenges did free African Americans

face in the South?face in the South?

Section 3: Section 3: Southern SocietySouthern Society


HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Life for Planters and FarmersLife for Planters and FarmersLife for planters and farmers centered around Life for planters and farmers centered around religion, farming, and varied according to social religion, farming, and varied according to social class.class.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

The Southern CitiesThe Southern Cities built water systems and streetsbuilt water systems and streets offered public educationoffered public education depended on slave labordepended on slave labor



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

DiscriminationDiscriminationFree Africans in the South faced Free Africans in the South faced discriminationdiscrimination and limited rights.and limited rights.

discrimination discrimination – difference in attitude or treatment– difference in attitude or treatment



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES What were work and daily life like for most What were work and daily life like for most

slaves?slaves? How did slaves’ family, religion, and other How did slaves’ family, religion, and other

aspects of their culture help them cope with aspects of their culture help them cope with the slave system?the slave system?

How did enslaved African Americans How did enslaved African Americans challenge the slave system?challenge the slave system?

Section 4: Section 4: The Slave SystemThe Slave System


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Beginnings to 1877

Slaves faced:Slaves faced: hard labor and long hourshard labor and long hours harsh living conditionsharsh living conditions



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Beginnings to 1877

Slave culture helped them cope with the slavery Slave culture helped them cope with the slavery system by reminding them of their system by reminding them of their heritageheritage. . They formed strong ties through: They formed strong ties through: familyfamilyfolktalesfolktales – oral stories that often provide a moral – oral stories that often provide a moral

lessonlessonspiritualsspirituals – emotional Christian songs sung by – emotional Christian songs sung by

slaves in the South that mixed African and slaves in the South that mixed African and European elements and usually expressed slaves’ European elements and usually expressed slaves’ religious beliefsreligious beliefs



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Beginnings to 1877

Challenging SlaveryChallenging Slavery slaves worked slowerslaves worked slower slaves revoltedslaves revolted


AGRICULTURAL CHANGES IN THE SOUTH (1790–1860)

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