Anzac DayAges All primary

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Hints for using Macmillan Wall Charts: Anzac Day in the classroom This set of Macmillan wall charts can be used to enhance classroom programs on Anzac Day.

On the back of each chart is a series of questions to enrich class discussions and enable students to consider the different aspects of Anzac Day and Australia and New Zealand’s involvement in World War I. These discussions may lead to a range of tasks or activities, such as class debates, written tasks and further research, which will support students in developing a deeper understanding of the topic.

The charts could be used to generate class discussion and as a writing stimulus regarding the different aspects of Gallipoli and World War I, such as:

• the location of Gallipoli• the route the ships took from Australia to

Egypt—where the troops were trained prior to going to Gallipoli—as well as the training camps and hospitals located in Egypt

• the story of Simpson and his donkey• the involvement of Anzac forces in other

battles during World War I, including Fromelles and Bullecourt on the Western Front in France

• the significance of the dawn service and Anzac Day march

• the different symbols associated with Anzac Day and remembrance, such as poppies, rosemary, the bugle, Anzac Day wreaths, the Rising Sun badge and Anzac biscuits.

The images on the wall charts will help students to visualise and better understand the different aspects of the Gallipoli campaign and the role of the Diggers in World War I. For example, students could study images of field hospitals, kitchens, trenches and the arrival at Anzac Cove by the Anzacs in 1915. Students could use photographs taken at Gallipoli in 1915 to help them visualise the terrain at Anzac Cove and the conditions that the troops were fighting in. Students also have the opportunity to compare images of Anzac Cove in 1915 with those from more recent times.

The set of wall charts could also be used to enhance an Anzac Day display, complementing student work on the subject.

AnzAc DAy Ages: All primAry

Questions lists questions for you to ask students. The questions are designed to support and facilitate the following thinking skills:• Observing• Comprehending• Analysing• Applying• reflecting• evaluating.

Background to chart gives a brief description of each image on the Wall Chart, plus any relevant information.

Key ideas provides a few brief statements that sum up the key ideas covered by the images.

Permission to use the term ‘Anzac’ granted by the Minister for Veterans Affairs.

Permit number 74, 11 September 2008

Permission to use the Australian Rising Sun Badge granted by Australian Army,

Office of the Chief of Army

First published in 2009 byMACMILLAN EDUCATION

AUSTRALIA PTY LTD15–19 Claremont Street, South Yarra 3141

Visit our website at www.macmillan.com.au

Associated companies and representatives throughout the world.

Copyright © Macmillan Education Australia 2009

Macmillan Wall Charts: Anzac Day Ages: All primary

ISBN 978 1 4202 7153 9

Teaching notes by Cathy CormackPublisher: Sharon Dalgleish

Project Editor: Michael McGrathDesign: Cliff Watt

Printed in MPAL

While every care has been taken to trace and acknowledge copyright, the publisher tenders apologies for any accidental infringement where copyright has proved untraceable. Where the search has been unsuccessful, the publisher welcomes information that would redress the situation.

Also available:

Thinking Themes: Anzac Day Ages All primaryisBN: 978 1 4202 6953 6

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Gallipoli

AustrAliA

New ZeAlANd

troopship

IndIan Ocean

Suez Canal

egypt

Cairo

turkey

russiA

Gallipoli

Colombo

Dardanelles

MedIterra

n ean Sea

uNited kiNgdom

FrANce

germANy

itAly

greeceturkey

egypt

Black Sea

anzac Cove

australian camp

New Zealand camp

aden

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Background to chart This chart shows a world map, highlighting the location of Gallipoli in relation to Australia and New Zealand. It shows the general route the troopships took when carrying Anzac soldiers to Egypt, stopping at Colombo and Aden to take on fuel and supplies. It also shows the location of the army camps established in Egypt, where the Anzacs trained before the Gallipoli campaign.

Point out to students that country names and borders sometimes change. In order to give students a context for the location of Gallipoli, this map is based on political borders today, rather than as they were in 1915.

The inset photograph, taken on 26 April 1915, shows an elevated view of the beach crowded with Australian and New Zealand troops the day after the landing at Anzac Cove. Ships can be seen in the background. The photograph highlights the difficulties faced by the Anzacs due to the steep cliffs and terrain at Anzac Cove.

AnzAc DAy Ages: All primAry Chart1

Key ideas • gallipoli is a great distance

from Australia and New Zealand.

• The terrain at gallipoli made the Anzac campaign a difficult one for the soldiers.

AcknowledgementsWorld map: Damien Demaj, DEMAP based on map from Macmillan Primary Atlas; Inset maps: Cliff Watt; Inset troopship: Cliff Watt; Inset photograph: Australian War Memorial A03868

Questions

Observing

• Where is Gallipoli?• Describe Anzac Cove as it was in 1915.

COmprehending

• What were the conditions like as soldiers arrived at Anzac Cove?• What difficulties did the soldiers face as they landed at Anzac Cove?

AnAlysing

• Why do you think training camps were established in Egypt?• Why do you think the Gallipoli campaign was an important World

War I battleground?

Applying

• How do you think the soldiers felt as they left home, leaving family and friends, and heading for military training in Egypt?

• What kind of terrain would have made a better landing site for the Anzacs?

refleCting

• Compare the location of Gallipoli to Australia and New Zealand. Why do you think thousands of Anzacs volunteered to go and fight on the other side of the world?

evAluAting

• Imagine the lives of the soldiers arriving at Anzac Cove. How do you think they would be feeling as they arrived at Gallipoli?

• Why do you think it was important for Australians to fight at Gallipoli?

Gallipoli

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Simpson and his donkey

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Background to chart John Simpson Kirkpatrick was born in Britain but later moved to Australia. He landed at Gallipoli on the first day, 25 April 1915, as part of the 3rd Field Ambulance. He was killed 24 days later by Turkish machine gun fire, near a location known as Bloody Angle on 19 May 1915. He was buried on the beach at Hell Spit.

The photograph on the left shows Private John Simpson Kirkpatrick with a wounded soldier on the donkey. The photograph on the right is of the Simpson and his donkey memorial at the Shrine of Remembrance, Melbourne.

Simpson was a stretcher bearer who transported injured soldiers to safety using a donkey. The donkeys were taken to Gallipoli to transport water. The most famous donkey was called Duffy or Murphy, but it is thought that Simpson used several donkeys to transport the injured at Gallipoli. He was often shot at and his bravery was talked about by many soldiers at Gallipoli. Simpson has become a national hero of the Gallipoli campaign, symbolising the courage and mateship displayed by the Anzacs at Gallipoli.

Since his death people have called for Simpson to be awarded the Victoria Cross, the highest military award for a soldier from a Commonwealth country.

This chart can be used to explain the story of Simpson, and to discuss the concepts of heroism and mateship in wartime.

AnzAc DAy Ages: All PrimAry Chart3

Key ideas • simpson moved injured soldiers to

safety with a donkey.• simpson is a national hero because

of his courage and actions at gallipoli.

• The Anzacs were recognised for their courage and mateship.

Questions

Observing • What is Simpson doing with the donkey?• Describe the emotion shown on the faces of Simpson and

the injured soldier on the memorial statue.

COmprehending

• How did a donkey help in a war?• Describe the role of Simpson at Gallipoli.

AnAlysing

• Why do you think Simpson decided to work by himself, moving the injured soldiers with a donkey?

• Why do you think Simpson has become a national hero?

Applying

• Why do you think a memorial was dedicated to Simpson? • What questions would you ask Simpson, if you had the

chance?

refleCting

• What emotions do you think Simpson would have felt when he was moving the injured to safety?

• How do you think injured soldiers would have felt when Simpson arrived to help them?

• At Gallipoli, the Anzacs became well known for looking after each other. Why do you think being a good mate would have been important in a war?

evAluAting

• Why do you think Simpson would be a worthy recipient of a Victoria Cross medal?

• Why are heroes important?

Simpson and his donkey

AcknowledgementsLeft: Australian War Memorial J06392Right: Shrine of Remembrance, Melbourne

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Dawn service

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Background to chart Anzac Day commemorations traditionally begin with a dawn service because the first wave of Anzacs landed at Gallipoli at dawn. The dawn service is a solemn and important part of Anzac Day commemorations. Dawn services first became a common part of Anzac Day commemorations in the 1920s. The dawn service remembers those who serve their country in times of war and those who have lost their lives fighting for freedom and democracy.

A typical dawn service includes an introduction, hymn, prayer, an address, placing of wreaths at a memorial site, the Last Post, a period of silence, the Rouse (or Reveille) and the national anthem. The photograph on this chart shows a soldier playing the Last Post at the point where Anzac troops first landed at Gallipoli.

This chart can be used to develop a deeper understanding of the meaning and importance of dawn services on Anzac Day.

AnzAc DAy Ages: All PrimAry Chart6

Key ideas • Anzac Day commemorations

traditionally begin with a dawn service.

• The dawn service is an important part of Anzac Day commemorations.

• The dawn service is to remember and honour the people who have fought and lost their lives serving their country in all wars.

AcknowledgementsFairfax Images/Mike Bowers

Questions

Observing

• Describe the image on the chart.• What is the soldier doing?• How do you know what time it is?

COmprehending

• Why do we have a service at dawn on Anzac Day?• What happens at a dawn service?

AnAlysing

• Why do many people find the dawn service an emotional ceremony?• Who is Anzac Day important for?• What is Reveille and why do they play it at dawn?

Applying

• Why do so many people attend the dawn service?• What do we commemorate at a dawn service?• If you were giving an address at a dawn service, what would you say?

refleCting

• The dawn service is a time of reflection. What would you think about at a dawn service?

• What do you think a war veteran would think about? How about the descendent of a veteran?

• How do you think the soldier who plays the Last Post would feel about this important role?

evAluAting

• Why do you think it as important to commemorate Anzac Day today as it was 50 years ago?

• Does the dawn service remember soldiers other than those who served at Gallipoli?

Dawn service

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