Agenda o “The Last Stand of the Agrarians” Notes o Populist Platform Reading o Populism Video...
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Agendao “The Last Stand of the Agrarians” Noteso Populist Platform Readingo Populism Video
Homework:o Finish Populist Platform Reading &
Questionso West Test Tuesday, 11/10
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Do Now:• In your opinion, what role should
the government play in the economy? Do you believe in social darwinism or government intervention? Explain.
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The Last Stand of the
AgrariansAgrarian Politics, Populism, and the
1896 Presidential Election
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Objective:
Explain the impact of the industrial growth of business cycles on farmers, workers, immigrants, labor unions, and the Populist movement and the ways that these groups and the government responded to the economic problems caused by industry and business.
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Causes of the Farm ProtestRead the handout Causes of the Farm Protest and answer the following questions:1. What were 5 main complaints vs. RR’s, banks,
corporations/big business?2. According to the document, who owns most of
the western land?3. What are the causes of the farmers’ money
problems?4. Do you see any connections between the
farmers’ complaint & issues currently facing to US?
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Farmers in the 19th Century• Farmers made up the largest
population of Americans• In 1888, 7,500,000 Americans worked on a
farm• New machines made farming more
accessible• Threshing Machine• The McCormick Reaper• Every McCormick Reaper freed five men to
fight for the Union
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Technology & Economic Growth
Agricultural Production
● Better Technology = Increased Production
● Overproduction has consequences…○ Agricultural production
increases○ Low Prices
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Although the farmers still made up the plurality of the work force in the late 19th century, they were the last to organize as an interest group.
Government Policy
Labor Unions
Farmers?
Monopolists
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Farmers Unite!o Social
o The Grange
o Economico Farmers’ Alliance
o Politicalo Populist Partyo Other smaller parties
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Populist PlatformRead the handout Populist Platform and answer the questions.
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The Populist Platform
PoliticalReform Proposals
EconomicReform Proposals
● Direct Election of Senators
● Ballot Initiatives &
Referendum
● Secret Ballot
● Graduated Income Tax
● Unlimited Coinage of
Silver
● Nationalization of
Railroads
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The Gold Standard
Sound money
Store of Value
Inflation
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Bimetallismo 2 forms of currency
o Gold and silvero 16:1
o Fixed by legislationo Supported by Democrats
o Made money more accessible
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The Panic of 1893o Bankruptcy and widespread economic
downfallo Reading RR goes bankrupt
o Set off series of bank failureso Inflationo Unemployment
o Coxey’s Army
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Election of 1896
VS.
William Jennings Bryan William McKinleyD – NE R - OH
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“Cross of Gold Speech”“If protection has slain its thousands the gold standard has slain its tens of thousands.”
- W.J. Bryan
1896 Democratic National Convention
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“Cross of Gold Speech”
“You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns! You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold!”
- W.J. Bryan
1896 Democratic National Convention
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Populists
Endorse Bryan
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Republican
Political Cartoon
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The Train vs. The Porch
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The Sound Money Scareo Bottom Line:• We all want more
money, but we also want our money to be worth something.
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Sound Money Wins!
...and so do the monopolists.
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Significance of 1896 Electiono Republican dominance of the
presidency (7 of 9)o And both houses of Congress (17 of next 20
sessions)o Populist demiseo Urban dominanceo Beginning of modern politics
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Unmasking The Wizard of OZ
Is The Wizard of OZ a musical fantasy or a parable on Populism?
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Background on the Wizard of OZo L. Frank Baum (Author)
o In favor of many Populist movementso Political views may have influenced writingo Helped produce a musical which was the
premise for the 1939 MGM musicalo The Populist metaphors can be found
in…o Settingo Key Objectso Characters
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Kansas in the Later 1800so Farmer discontent and Populist
politics were concentrated in Kansaso Suffering from a drought - many
farmers going through hard timeso Farmers wanted the free coinage of
silver to help them out of debt
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“After a few hours the road began to be rough, and the walking grew so difficult that the Scarecrow often stumbled over the yellow brick, which were here very
uneven. Sometimes, indeed, they were broken or missing altogether, leaving holes that Toto jumped
across and Dorothy walked around. As for the Scarecrow, having no brains he walked straight
ahead, and so stepped into the holes and fell full length on the hard bricks.”
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Parables for Populism???
DorothyYellow Brick RoadRuby SlippersOZScarecrowTin ManCowardly LionWinkiesWizardTwisterFlying MonkeysWicked Witch of the WestWicked Witch of the East
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Dorothy...The every American
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Yellow Brick Road...The Gold Standard
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Ruby Slippers...Free silver
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OZ/Emerald City...Washington D.C. (oz=ounce)
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Scarecrow...The Farmers
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Tin Man...The Industrial Workers
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Cowardly Lion...William Jennings Bryan
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Winkies...The enslaves/indebted working class
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Wizard ...William McKinley
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Twister...The Panic of 1893
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Flying Monkeys...The American Indians
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Wicked Witch of the West
...Drought
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Wicked Witch of the East
...The Banks