Agenda:
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Transcript of Agenda:
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Agenda:
Warm-up: Word Equations Chemical reactions and energy
Endothermic or exothermic How energy is represented in chemical
reactions Practice: Predicting products
Using types of reactions Cards
• Homework:
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WORD EQUATIONS: HAND-INWRITE THE FORMULAS AND BALANCE
#13 Zinc II hydroxide + hydrochloric acid
Zinc II chloride + water
#17 Sodium carbonate + sulfuric acid Sodium sulfate + water + carbon dioxide
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ENERGY IN REACTIONS
Representing the energy changes in reactionsThermo-chemistry
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Representing energy in chemical reactions1. Measurement of energy: joules
Joules/gram or joules/mole2. Energy shown as a reactant or product
Endothermic: Exothermic:
3. Change in energy: ∆H (heat of reaction) Positive + ∆
Negative -∆4. Diagrams of the energy
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ENERGY IN REACTIONS
Exothermic reactions• Energy is given out
• The products have less energy than the reactants
Exothermic reactions are common.
Combustion and neutralization (a special type of double replacement reactions) are exothermic
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Exothermic reactions
energy
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Exothermic reactions
energy
course of reaction
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Exothermic reactions
energy
course of reaction
reactants
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Exothermic reactions
energy
course of reaction
reactants
products
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Exothermic reactions
energy
course of reaction
reactants
products
energy given out∆H is negative
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Endothermic reactions
• Energy is taken in
• The products have more energy than the reactants
The energy is taken in from the surroundings
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Endothermic reactions
energy
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Endothermic reactions
energy
course of reaction
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Endothermic reactions
energy
course of reaction
reactants
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Endothermic reactions
energy
course of reaction
reactants
products
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ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
Endothermic reactions
energy
course of reaction
energy taken in∆H is positivereactants
products
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SUMMARY TABLE
Exothermic reactions
Endothermic reactions
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SUMMARY TABLE
Exothermic reactions
Endothermic reactions
Energy is given out to the surroundings
Energy is taken in from the surroundings
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SUMMARY TABLE
Exothermic reactions
Endothermic reactions
Energy is given out to the surroundings
Energy is taken in from the surroundings
∆H is negative ∆H is positive
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SUMMARY TABLE
Exothermic reactions
Endothermic reactions
Energy is given out to the surroundings
Energy is taken in from the surroundings
∆H is negative ∆H is positive
Products have less energy than reactants
Products have more energy than reactants
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∆H = ENTHALPY = CHANGE IN ENERGY
How much energy is given out or taken in?
• Energy is needed to break chemical bonds
• Energy is given out when bonds are made
∆H is the difference between the energy needed to break the bonds in the reactants, and the energy given out when new bonds are made in the products
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WORKING OUT ∆H
Summary
• The energy values have units of kJ/mole
∆H is difference between energy in – energy out
• Energy goes in to break bonds
• Energy goes out when bonds are made
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Practice: Reactions
Determine types of reactions Determine if the reaction is
endothermic or exothermic
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ENERGY