Age spefic competency by Deepa s madhu,MSN.MHA
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Transcript of Age spefic competency by Deepa s madhu,MSN.MHA
04/12/2023
AGE SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES. Caring for patients at every stage of life
Presented by,Deepa S Madhu,MSN,RN
ADH
04/12/2023
To increase the awareness among nurses about age specific competencies as a part of JCAHO standards!
To ensure that the quality care providing to different age groups are co ordinated.
To ensure that all age groups are treated with dignity and respect.
Discussing about patient care and communication barriers.
Objectives
ADH
04/12/2023
"Age-specific competencies" means the ability to communicate with each patient, resident or client in a way that is appropriate to his or her particular age, capabilities or disabilities, temporary impairments, emotions, stresses, culture, and individual station. that you use to give care, that meets each patient’s unique needs.
WHAT ARE AGE-SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES ?
ADH
04/12/2023
Communication Safety & Security Health Recognition of Common Illnesses
SKILLS
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Help Ensure Quality Care: With age-specific competencies, each patient gets the individual care that he or she needs and deserves. He or she also becomes a partner in his or her own health care plan.
Improve Job Performance and Satisfaction: Putting age-specific competencies into practice can be a challenge. But the rewards, improved patient care, relationships and teamwork, are great!
Meet JCA Standards: Age-specific competencies are a key area of focus for the JCA (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations) survey. They’re essential to gaining and retaining accreditation.
AGE-SPECIFIC COMPETENCY BENEFITS
ADH
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INFANTS(BIRTH TO 1 YEARS) ARETRUSTING
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Fear of strangers (begins 6-8 months of age)Communicate discomfort by crying, facial
expressions, body movementPrefer to be held in familiar positionsLike established routines, verbal repetitionUnderstand simple commands, respond well to
consistencyAre fearless, choke easily, accident prone,
require constant supervisionNeed to consistently have needs met to develop
sense of trust (feeding, changing)
CHARACTERISTICS
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Talk to baby before touchingInvolve parents in procedure if possibleImitate how parent holds babyExplain procedure to parents beforehandRemove unnecessary equipmentKeep infant clothed as much as possibleDo not leave infant unattendedAllow parent to hold infant while waiting Ask parents about immunization record
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
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TODDLERS (1 TO 3 YEARS) ARE CURIOUS
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Views hospitalization as punishmentNeeds security objectsCurious, unaware of dangerComprehension greater than ability to verbalizeShort attention spanFrequently says “NO” trying to demonstrating
independenceCan be cooperative if trust is won
CHARACTERISTICS
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COMMON FEARSSeparation . Loss of Control . Altered rituals . Pain
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Reassure that treatment is not a punishment
Simple explanations
Give one direction at time
Demonstrate equipment
Speak at eye level, maintain eye contact
Remove unnecessary equipment
Use distraction techniques
Involve parents, allow to be present during procedures
. Nursing Implications
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YOUNG CHILDREN (AGES 4 TO 6 YEARS) ARE ACTIVE
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Seek explanations “Why?” By age 5 speaks in 8 word sentencesIncreased speech skills, attention span and
memory Fear, bodily injury, separation, death, punishmentDifficulty expressing needsPrivacy importantAccident prone
CHARACTERISTICS
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Use simple explanationAdapts to changes in environment more easily
than toddlerBe truthful about pain, discomfortEncourage questions regarding fears Show caregiver location of restroomsInclude parents in teaching Plan procedure to minimize waiting time
Nursing implications
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ADOLESCENTS (AGE 13 TO 20 YEARS) ARE IN TRANSITION
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Developing greater sense of selfStart to negotiate for independenceNeed to fit in with peersRules very importantNeed respect for privacyFear mutilation, loss of control
CHARACTERISTICS
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Encourage questions Treat more as adult, avoid authoritarian
approach Allow maintenance of control Talk directly to them, not through
parents, and offer explanations Maintain privacy Establish trust to gain cooperation
NURSNG IMPLCATIONS.
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YOUNG ADULTS (AGES 21 TO 39 YEARS) BUILD CONNECTIONS
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Sets career goals, chooses lifestyle
May start own family, building connections
Developing responsible attitude
Need to establish healthy lifestyle
Nutrition needed for maintenance not growth
Mental abilities peak during 20s
CHARACTERISTICS
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Respect personal values, be honest & supportive
Consider significant others, impact on jobEncourage to pursue healthy lifestyleTeach & encourage testicular & breast self-
examMaintain privacyEncourage creating Advance Directive
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
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MIDDLE ADULTS (AGES 40 TO 64 YEARS) SEEK PERSONAL GROWTH
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May develop chronic health problems
Decrease in bone and muscle mass, short term memory, loss of skeletal height and calcium, skin elasticity, dry skin, wrinkles
Women experience menopause
“Sandwich generation”
Use life experiences to learn, solve problems
Future oriented, has specific goals
CHARACTERISTICS
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Encourage regular check-ups & preventative exams
Assist person to recognize risk factors related to health
Focus on their strengths
Address worries about children & aging parents
Treat with respect
Provide explanations and educate.
Nursing implications cont.
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OLDER ADULTS (AGES 65 YO 79 YEARS) ENJOY NEW OPPORTUNITIES
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Continue to be active learner/thinker
Takes on new roles, balances independence v. dependence
Most elderly are not depressed
May become isolated
Some decline in physical abilities, senses, memory skills (short term memory, attention span shortens)
CHARACTERISTICS
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Promote mobility & ADL
Consider needs related to diminished sight, hearing (may need to read information to patient, face person when talking to them)
Allow reminiscing about the past Promote physical, mental, social activities
to prevent isolationAllow more time for processing new
informationEducate about safety measures
Nursing implications cont.
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Give the person your full attention -
listen and observe.
Remember:
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ADULTS AGES( 80 AND OLDER )MOVE TO ACCEPTANCE .
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Decline in physical ability, increased risk for chronic illness
Decline in memory & learning skillsMay need assistance in ADLMay have diminished appetite, fluid intake
Healthy growth and development
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Encourage as much mobility & ADL as possible.
Encourage healthy eating & adequate fluid intake, monitor bowel function.
Avoid treating older adult like a child.Respect & support end of life decisions.
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
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Assess every patient you deal with for the possibility of the following: Physical Impairments Learning Difficulties Cultural Differences Emotional Stresses Language. Barriers •
RECOGNIZE BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION
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Age Specific Competency Post Test
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1. When performing any procedure on an infant, it is important to:A. Move as quickly as possibleB. Talk to the baby while performing the procedureC. Avoid eye contactD. Allow mother to hold infant while waiting
2. It is important to always speak to the infant before a touch:
A. True B. False
3. To help the newborn feel secure, caregivers can:A. Hold the infant only when he criesB. Imitate how the parent holds the newbornC. Encourage friends and neighbors to be involved in care
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4. As a healthcare provider, one of the most important parts of the infant's history is:A. Favorite mealsB. Likes and dislikesC. Favorite toysD. Immunization record
5. The toddler who is having blood drawn:A. Will usually want a parent presentB. Will be concerned with privacyC. Will require a detailed explanation of the procedure
6. Use of the word "No" by a toddler indicates:A. He has limited vocabularyB. He is showing his independenceC. He is not friendly towards strangersD. He hasn't learned how to say "Yes"
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7. Preschoolers have increased speech skills, attention span and memory. This helps them to:A. Manipulate their environmentB. Sleep better without their parentsC. Change their routines more easilyD. Understand what is happening to them
8. School-aged children have a need to:A. Gain independence from their friendsB. Fit in with peersC. Be separated from siblings in a stressful situation
9. When doing procedures with children, it is important to let them:A. Know they can cryB. Become separated from their parentsC. Know your first nameD. Leave them alone to gain control of their emotions
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10. During the adolescent period, it is normal to be concerned with:A. Current eventsB. Childhood memoriesC. The same things as adultsD. Body image
11. It is important for staff working with adolescents to:A. Assume the patients will ask if they have any questionsB. Talk to the parents since an adolescent is unable to really
understand fullyC. Talk directly to the adolescent and offer explanationsD. Tell them as little as possible so they will not be frightened
12. The hospitalized adolescent patient :A. Is not affected by the hospital stayB. Continually strives for independence and controlC. Is not concerned with assisting with plan of care, and encourages
parents adviceD. Is too immature to understand or care about the changes
occurring in their bodies
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13. The adolescent population is usually characterized by:A. Rapid growthB. Awkwardness on gross motor skillsC. Beginning of development of occupational identityD. All of the aboveE. None of the above
14. For the young adult, it is important to involve the individual and significant other in the plan of care. A. TrueB. False
15. Which statement about young adults is NOT true: A. Nutritional needs are for growth, not maintenanceB. Seeks closeness with others & may start own familyC. Makes lifelong decisionsD. Needs to be encouraged to have regular checkups
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16.Young adults like others to make decisions for them and to control their lives.A. TrueB. False
17. Which of the following physical change(s) occur in middle adulthood?A. Loss of skin elasticity, dry skin and an
increase in wrinklesB. Decrease in muscle strength and massC. Decrease in bone massD. Loss of skeletal height and calciumE. All of the above
18. During middle adulthood, short-term memory or recall increases.A. TrueB. False
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19. We should be patient with the middle-aged adult who is part of the “sandwich generation” (caring for aging parents and their own children).A. TrueB. False
20. Which of the following intervention(s) should we do with middle-aged adults?A. Treat them with respect and explain everything to
themB. Encourage as much dependency as possibleC. Make decisions for them instead of allowing them
choicesD. All of the above
21. The middle-aged adult is future-oriented and has specific goals.A. TrueB. False
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22. Which of the following statement(s) is true, related to the elderly? Select all that apply.A. They do not like to talk about the pastB. They may have difficulty hearing and/or seeingC. They tend to be depressedD. They need more time to process new information
23. When giving an elderly person instructions, it is important to:A. Shout in the earB. Treat the person as you would a person of any ageC. Face the person so he/she can see your lipsD. Wait until a family member is present
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24. Identify the appropriate change for visual impairment in the elderly.A. No change in lighting is neededB. With glasses, no changes in lighting neededC. Staff may need to read information to the patientD. The family is responsible for the accommodations
25. When educating a person over 65, the following changes in cognitive functioning need to be considered:A. Short-term memory may be impairedB. More time is needed to process informationC. Attention span shortensD. All of the above
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