Age of Jefferson
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Transcript of Age of Jefferson
Age of JeffersonAge of Jefferson
Unit IIIAUnit IIIA
AP United States HistoryAP United States History
Thomas Jefferson (D-R) (1801-1809)Thomas Jefferson (D-R) (1801-1809) Plantation and slave owner from Plantation and slave owner from
Virginia Virginia Statesman Statesman
AssemblymanAssemblyman Declaration of IndependenceDeclaration of Independence GovernorGovernor Minister to FranceMinister to France Secretary of StateSecretary of State Vice-PresidentVice-President PresidentPresident
Democratic-RepublicanDemocratic-Republican Founded the party in opposition to Founded the party in opposition to
Alexander Hamilton’s FederalistsAlexander Hamilton’s Federalists Kentucky ResolutionKentucky Resolution Inaugural AddressInaugural Address
““Every difference of opinion is not a difference of Every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle... We are all Republicans, we are all principle... We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists.”Federalists.”
““Renaissance Man” Renaissance Man” Inventor, philosopher, architect, Inventor, philosopher, architect,
scientistscientist
What is Jeffersonianism?What is Jeffersonianism? Republicanism and Civic VirtueRepublicanism and Civic Virtue
Civic dutyCivic duty Voting and efficacyVoting and efficacy Right to educationRight to education
Natural Elites Natural Elites Resist corruptionResist corruption
Federalism and States’ RightsFederalism and States’ Rights Ultimate sovereignty in the states and nullificationUltimate sovereignty in the states and nullification Strict constitutionalistStrict constitutionalist Dominant legislature, weak judiciaryDominant legislature, weak judiciary Economic coercion over standing armiesEconomic coercion over standing armies
Yeoman Farmers as Ideal CitizensYeoman Farmers as Ideal Citizens Educated landowners exemplified independence and virtueEducated landowners exemplified independence and virtue
Agriculture Over Manufacture/IndustryAgriculture Over Manufacture/Industry Responsibility of subsistenceResponsibility of subsistence Dependence led to class conflictDependence led to class conflict
Empire of Liberty and Foreign PolicyEmpire of Liberty and Foreign Policy America’s responsibility to spread democracyAmerica’s responsibility to spread democracy Avoid entangling alliancesAvoid entangling alliances
SocietySociety Republican motherhood; absent from politicsRepublican motherhood; absent from politics Natives capable, just need to catch up (noble savages)Natives capable, just need to catch up (noble savages) Black inferiority and white superiorityBlack inferiority and white superiority Separation of Church and StateSeparation of Church and State
Was Jefferson Jeffersonian?Was Jefferson Jeffersonian?
Consider the following historical concepts Consider the following historical concepts and events in regards to the question…and events in regards to the question…
The Federal JudiciaryThe Federal Judiciary Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase Barbary/Tripoli PiratesBarbary/Tripoli Pirates Embargo Act of 1807Embargo Act of 1807
First Political Party System (1789-1824)
► FederalistsFederalists National policiesNational policies Strong central governmentStrong central government Loose constructionistsLoose constructionists Commerce and manufacturingCommerce and manufacturing UrbanUrban The rich, the well-born, the able; The rich, the well-born, the able;
merchants, bankersmerchants, bankers Pro-BritishPro-British
► Anti-French revolutionAnti-French revolution
NortheastNortheast
► Democratic-RepublicansDemocratic-Republicans States rightsStates rights Strong local/state governmentsStrong local/state governments Strict constructionistsStrict constructionists AgriculturalAgricultural RuralRural Small farmers, plantation Small farmers, plantation
owners, artisansowners, artisans Anti-BritishAnti-British
► Pro-French RevolutionPro-French Revolution
West and SouthWest and South
Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson and the Federal JudiciaryJefferson and the Federal Judiciary
Midnight JudgesMidnight Judges Judiciary Act of 1801Judiciary Act of 1801 Adams (F) last minute federal Adams (F) last minute federal
judicial appointmentsjudicial appointments Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison (1803) (1803)
Judicial review Judicial review ““It is emphatically the province It is emphatically the province
and duty of the judicial and duty of the judicial department to say what the law department to say what the law is.” – Chief Justice John Marshallis.” – Chief Justice John Marshall
ImpeachmentsImpeachments John PickeringJohn Pickering Associate Justice Samuel ChaseAssociate Justice Samuel Chase
Jefferson and the Louisiana PurchaseJefferson and the Louisiana Purchase(1803)(1803)
Napoleon’s PlansNapoleon’s Plans Jefferson’s PlanJefferson’s Plan
Brokered a deal for Brokered a deal for $15 million$15 million
Doubles the size of Doubles the size of the United Statesthe United States
Federalist Federalist oppositionopposition
Lewis and Clark Lewis and Clark ExpeditionExpedition
Jefferson and the Barbary/Tripoli PiratesJefferson and the Barbary/Tripoli Pirates
Washington and AdamsWashington and Adams Paid bribes to Barbary Paid bribes to Barbary
states to avoid piracystates to avoid piracy JeffersonJefferson
Barbary states increase Barbary states increase bribesbribes
U.S. Navy and Marines U.S. Navy and Marines dispatcheddispatched
Treaty reached in American Treaty reached in American favorfavor
Jefferson and the Embargo ActJefferson and the Embargo Act Napoleonic WarsNapoleonic Wars
Britain vs FranceBritain vs France British and French British and French
impressment of impressment of AmericansAmericans HMS Leopard and USS HMS Leopard and USS
ChesapeakeChesapeake
Embargo Act of 1807Embargo Act of 1807 Prohibited vessels from Prohibited vessels from
leaving American ports leaving American ports for foreign portsfor foreign ports
Economic impact on Economic impact on AmericansAmericans
Election of 1808Election of 1808 James Madison (D-R)James Madison (D-R) Charles Pinckney (F)Charles Pinckney (F) Federalists gained Federalists gained
congressional seatscongressional seats
James Madison (D-R) (1809-1817)James Madison (D-R) (1809-1817)
Napoleonic WarsNapoleonic Wars Impressment continuesImpressment continues
Non-intercourse Act of 1809Non-intercourse Act of 1809 Macon’s Bill No. 2 (1810)Macon’s Bill No. 2 (1810) Western FrontierWestern Frontier
Alleged British influence on Alleged British influence on NativesNatives
Native warsNative wars War of 1812War of 1812
Causes of the War of 1812Causes of the War of 1812 United States vs. Great United States vs. Great
BritainBritain British impressmentBritish impressment Alleged British influence in the Alleged British influence in the
western frontierwestern frontier
War Hawks in CongressWar Hawks in Congress John C. CalhounJohn C. Calhoun Henry ClayHenry Clay
Opposition to WarOpposition to War FederalistsFederalists Old guard Dem-RepsOld guard Dem-Reps New England and merchantsNew England and merchants
War of 1812War of 1812British InvasionBritish Invasion
Chesapeake CampaignChesapeake Campaign Invasion of Washington D.C.Invasion of Washington D.C.
Burning of the White HouseBurning of the White House Nature FTWNature FTW
Fort McHenry and BaltimoreFort McHenry and Baltimore Star-Spangled Banner and Star-Spangled Banner and
Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott Key
““Old Ironsides”Old Ironsides”
42 Wins0 Losses
- Constructed in 1797- Still in commission
War of 1812War of 1812Battles with Frontier NativesBattles with Frontier Natives
Tecumseh’s WarTecumseh’s War Battle of Tippecanoe Battle of Tippecanoe
(1811)(1811) Battle of the Thames Battle of the Thames
(1813)(1813) Creek WarCreek War
Battle of Horseshoe Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1814)Bend (1814)
End of the WarEnd of the War
End of Napoleonic WarsEnd of Napoleonic Wars Treaty of Ghent Treaty of Ghent
(December 1814)(December 1814) Battle of New Orleans Battle of New Orleans
(January 1815)(January 1815)
Hartford Convention (1814)Hartford Convention (1814) PlatformPlatform
Federal economic assistance Federal economic assistance for New Englandfor New England
2/3 congressional majority for 2/3 congressional majority for embargoes, state admission, embargoes, state admission, and declaration of warand declaration of war
Rescind the Three-Fifths Rescind the Three-Fifths CompromiseCompromise
One-term president and no One-term president and no same-state successorsame-state successor
Talk of secession by radicalsTalk of secession by radicals
After War of 1812After War of 1812 Perceived as traitorsPerceived as traitors Effectively weakened as a Effectively weakened as a
national partynational party
War of 1812’s ImpactWar of 1812’s Impact Growth of nationalismGrowth of nationalism Ushered in an “Era of Good Feelings”Ushered in an “Era of Good Feelings” Domestic industrial and manufacturing Domestic industrial and manufacturing
developmentdevelopment Emphasis on national infrastructureEmphasis on national infrastructure Promotion of professional militaryPromotion of professional military International respectInternational respect Natives significantly weakenedNatives significantly weakened Increased drive to expand westIncreased drive to expand west