Age of Exploration - hasd.org of Exploration.pdf · 1st motive: Monetary 2nd motive: Religious zeal...
Transcript of Age of Exploration - hasd.org of Exploration.pdf · 1st motive: Monetary 2nd motive: Religious zeal...
1st motive: Monetary
2nd motive: Religious zeal
3rd motive: grandeur, glory and adventure
1488 – Bartholomeu Dias rounded the
southern tip of Africa (Cape of Good Hope)
1498 – Vasco da Gama went around the cape, across the
Indian Ocean to coast of India (HUGE profit on spices)
Christopher Columbus (Italian)
1492 – Queen Isabella of Spain financed
Hispaniola, coastline of Cuba
Treaty of Tordesillas
1519 Ferdinand Magellan
John Cabot: Venetian, explored New England coastline
for England
Pedro Cabral: Portuguese, 1500, South America
Amerigo Vespucci: Florentine, wrote letters describing
new land (“America”)
Hernan Cortes: overthrew Aztec Empire in Mexico
Francisco Pizarro: Incan Empire, Peruvian Andes
Forced labor, starvation and disease
1595 Dutch formed East India Company
English – trading posts in India and SE Asia, founded
Virginia and Massachusetts Bay Colony
French – colonized what is now Canada & Louisiana
(1608 – Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec)
Mercantilism: a set of principles that dominated
economic thought in 17th century
Colonies were sources of raw materials and markets
for finished goods
Slavery not new – existed since ancient times (usually
domestic slavery)
16th century Americas, chattel slavery on plantations
Sugarcane: Brazil and Caribbean islands
Natives, then imported slaves
Triangular Trade
Middle Passage
Deadly ocean journey
Slave Trade
Increased conflict and war
POW became slaves
Raided towns and villages for slaves
Devastated African states
Internal trading empires destroyed
Songhai Empire