After Action Review: Pathway To Peace Program Nepal

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 1

2. BACKGROUND.................................................................................................................................... 2

3. MAJOR PROGRAM RESULTS ............................................................................................................... 3

3.1 Increased Resource Materials on Youth and Peacebuilding ........................................................ 3

3.1.1 Course Module on Youth and Peacebuilding ......................................................................... 3

3.1.2 Facilitator's Guide to Conducting Peacebuilding Dialogues .................................................... 4

3.1.3 Audio/Visual Training Aid ...................................................................................................... 4

3.2 Increased Capacity in Implementing Youth and Peacebuilding Activities .................................... 5

3.2.1 Training on Reflecting on Youth and Peace Practices (RYPB) .................................................. 5

3.2.2 Course on Youth and Peacebuilding ...................................................................................... 7

3.3 Increased Capacity of IPs to Support Social Re-integration ......................................................... 7

3.3.1 Orientation and Planning Meetings ....................................................................................... 8

3.3.2 Coaching and Follow-up Workshops.................................................................................... 10

3.4 Increased Youth and Peacebuilding Initiatives ......................................................................... 11

3.4.1 Training for Youth Leaders on Peacebuilding ....................................................................... 11

3.4.2 Advanced Youth Leadership and Peacebuilding Training...................................................... 12

3.4.3 Facilitation of Various Peacebuilding Events ........................................................................ 13

3.4.4 Support for Youth Clubs on Implementing Peacebuilding Activities in Three Districts........... 15

4. CHALLENGES and Lessons Learned ................................................................................................... 17

5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION ...................................................................................................... 19

6. OUTPUTS TABLE ............................................................................................................................... 19

7. NEXT STEPS ...................................................................................................................................... 20

8. FINANCIAL REPORT .......................................................................................................................... 21

Annexes .................................................................................................................................................. 22

Annex-1: Course Outline - Youth Participation in Conflict & Peacebuilding: .......................................... 22

Annex-2: Schedule of RYPP Training ..................................................................................................... 24

Annex 3: Participants of Training on Reflection on Youth and Peacebuilding Practice ........................... 25

Annex 4: Telephone Coaching Form ..................................................................................................... 28

Annex 5: Participants - Youth Leadership for Peacebuilding .................................................................. 29

Annex 6: Youth Leadership for peacebuilding Training Schedule ........................................................... 31

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Search for Common Ground (SFCG) Nepal successfully completed the implementation of ‘Capacity Building in Youth and Peacebuilding’ project with the financial support of UNICEF. The aim of this one year project1 was to build the capacity of UNICEF implementing partners (IPs), involved in the reintegration of Verified Minors and Late Recruits (VMLR) and Children Associated with Armed Forces and Armed Groups (CAAFAG), on youth and peacebuilding. This project has also supported the agencies with developing and implementing youth and peacebuilding programs, with a particular focus on incorporating peacebuilding into their VMLR reintegration programming.

The project incorporated SFCG’s global experiences in peacebuilding work with youth into the overall work of the child protection partners of UNICEF in Nepal, allowing them the capability to design and implement youth and peacebuilding projects as part of the social reintegration of ex-combatant youth. The project is a continuation and scale-up of the UNICEF supported project entitled, ‘Capacity Building in Youth and Peacebuilding’ implemented during 2009-2010 and which targeted eight implementing partners of UNICEF. The project built on both the reflections and lessons learned from the previous year and has scaled up to provide training to 42 UNICEF partner organizations.

Reintegration of ex-combatants has been a key factor in the ongoing peace process in Nepal. In 2007, the United Nations Mission in Nepal (UNMIN) verified around 20,000 Maoists combatants in 7 main cantonments and 21 satellite cantonments. Among them 4,008 were identified as ‘disqualified’ by UNMIN - as either they were enrolled after the Comprehensive Peace Accord (CPA), or for being under the age 18 years at the date of CPA. As per the tripartite agreement between Nepal Government, UNMIN, and the Maoists, the disqualified combatants should be immediately discharged from the cantonments after a verification process. However, after long negotiations, it took more than two years to release them from the cantonments.

Four main rehabilitation packages - which provide vocational training, school education, health education training and support small business initiatives - have been developed by UN agencies for these groups. However, these verified minors and late recruits have many problems - including the upset caused by separation from colleagues, husbands, wives, peers, families. This has created difficulties for them to adjust to the community and society. Thus, UNICEF Nepal has been implementing a socio-economic reintegration program for verified minors in 52 districts of Nepal in partnership with various NGO/INGOs. To promote the social reintegration and support the national peace process, SFCG Nepal has been providing training and coaching initiatives to enhance the capacity of UNICEF implementing partners involving youth groups in peacebuilding as well as to facilitate the social reintegration of VMLRS and CAAFAGs.

The overarching goal was to facilitate social-reintegration of verified minors and late recruits, including self/informally released CAAFAG, in their community and to enhance their participation in the peace process as agents of change at the local level.

The specific objectives of this project were:

1. To develop resource materials for the capacity building of implementing partners and youth to carry out social reintegration and youth peacebuilding activities;

1 Initially the project period was from 1st May2010 to 31st March 2011. It was given a cost-extension until the 15th of May 2011 by UNICEF.

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2. To build the capacity of UNICEF implementing partners to incorporate youth and peacebuilding into their overall programs; and

3. To support youth groups in carrying out local-level peacebuilding initiatives.

During the project period, 42 implementing partner organizations in 52 districts were trained in youth and peacebuilding models and dialogue facilitation skills. In addition, youth clubs from those districts were equipped with leadership and peacebuilding skills supplemented by mentoring and coaching by SFCG staff. VMLRs who are receiving vocational training in 21 training centers across Nepal participated in peacebuilding activities designed to boost confidence, teambuilding, trust building and social adjustment skills. Some resource materials, like a peacebuilding dialogue facilitation guide and audio visual training materials for youth and peacebuilding were also developed by SFCG during the period.

This capacity building in youth and peacebuilding programming has a multiplier effects at the local level. During the period, 784 CAAFAGs and VMLRs were trained on peacebuilding and leadership skills at the district level. Also, 73 youth groups were mobilized in peacebuilding programs and more than 114 peacebuilding dialogues and events in communities were organized by youth clubs with CAAFAGs and VMLRs. This program has provided the platform for VMLRs to work with their communities and provided life skills on trust building, confidence building, leadership development and communication skills. This has also made it easier for vocational training service providers to deal with VMLR at the training centers. Community members also participated in peace building activities aimed at social reconciliation and community peacebuilding with the intention to build linkages and develop relationships between VMLR and community.2

Even with this capacity building program involving IPs, youth clubs and VMLR allows for a building of trust and relationships, more focus on the capacity building of youth – and their linkage with relevant agencies at the district and regional levels – is necessary to sustain youth and peacebuilding programs beyond the scope of this project.

2. BACKGROUND Reintegration of combatants has been a common point in many different agreements since the inception of the Nepal’s peace process.3 Despite the historical Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), many major issues remain unresolved and the peace process is making progress at a slower rate than what many hoped for. In 2007, the United Nations Mission in Nepal (UNMIN) verified around 20 thousands Maoists combatants in seven main cantonments and 21 satellite cantonments. Of them 4,008 were identified as ‘disqualified’ by UNMIN- as either they were enrolled after the CPA or for being under the age 18 years at the date of CPA. As per the tripartite agreement between Nepal government, UNMIN, and the Maoists, the disqualified combatants should have been immediately discharged from the cantonments after a verification process. However, it took more than two years to release 4,008 disqualified minors and late recruits from the cantonments after long negotiations.

Four main rehabilitation packages which provide vocational training, school education, health related training and support small business initiatives have been developed by UN agencies for these groups. Psychosocial support to increase psychosocial well being in strengthening community resilience and capacity building on youth and peacebuilding to support social adjustments and social reconciliation have also been integrated with the support packages.

2 This paragraph is the summary of the presentation made by implementing partners, Save the Children, World Education and UNICEF field staff during the review meeting in Kathmandu from 13th to 15th March 2011. 3 The major agreements of Nepali peace process are: 12-point understanding before ceasefire to fight against monarchy, 25-point ceasefire code of conduct and 8-point agreement and 10 points CPA.

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To promote the social reintegration and support the national peace process, SFCG Nepal has been building the capacity of UNICEF implementing partners involving youth groups in peacebuilding as well as to facilitate the social reintegration of VMLRs and CAAFAGs. Developing relationships between VMLR and youth groups, and encouraging shared activities for peacebuilding was a potential strategy to facilitate reintegration. For this, SFCG developed resource materials on youth and peacebuilding; built the capacity of UNICEF implementing partners on youth and peacebuilding; and build the capacity of youth leaders in peacebuilding. SFCG also facilitated the orientation and planning workshops in the training centers where VMLRs are in vocational training to make the basic orientation on the youth and peacebuilding to identify the relevant peacebuilding activities with VMLRs. There were five coaching visits in 5 regional centers and many follow up visits of SFCG staff in which SFCG staff supported implementing partners and youth clubs to plan, facilitate and monitor peacebuilding activities.

The wide range of agencies and stakeholders were involved in the peacebuilding program. UNICEF, UNDP, UNIRP, Save the Children staff, implementing partners of UNICEF and Save the Children, Youth clubs and VMLRs of the training centers were involved in the peacebuilding planning and implementation of peacebuilding activities at district and regional level.

3. MAJOR PROGRAM RESULTS The overarching goal of this program was to facilitate social-reintegration of verified minors and late recruits, including self/informally released CAAFAG, in their community and to enhance their participation in the peace process as agents of change at the local level. The projects had three specific objectives and there were one or more expected results in each objective. The achievements by each objective and expected results are as follows:

3.1 INCREASED RESOURCE MATERIALS ON YOUTH AND PEACEBUILDING Specific objectives 1: To develop resource materials for the capacity building of implementing partners and youth to carry out social reintegration and youth peacebuilding activities.

Result -1.1: Peacebuilding practitioners will have increased access to materials in Nepali that help them to implement peacebuilding projects focused on young people;

Achievements

SFCG developed some resource materials on youth and peacebuilding to support peacebuilding practitioners to develop and implement youth peacebuilding programs. These materials are very useful for CAAC Working Group members, UNICEF partner organizations, youth-led organizations and clubs and other interested parties. Following are the resource developed by SFCG during the project period.

3.1.1 COURSE MODULE ON YOUTH AND PEACEBUILDING SFCG prepared a 5-day course module of development training on Youth Participation in Conflict and Peacebuilding for Peacebuilding Practitioners engaged in youth and peacebuilding programming.

Mark Hamilton, an expert in youth and peacebuilding from the American University in Washington, D.C., USA was hired as a consultant to design the course module and test it with the participants during the 5-day training in Kathmandu. Mark is both a scholar and practitioner with research and training expertise focused on the dynamic roles of youth in conflict, security, and development. He also shared his experiences of consulting with a number of global organizations on themes, including youth programming, curriculum design, program evaluation, conflict analysis, and security sector reform. The objectives of the course were:

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Examine the effects of conflict and insecurity on young people and explore the incentives for youth mobilization into varied institutional forms of armed violence;

Practice tools of conflict analysis & transformation through examination of relevant global cases;

Develop an integrated theory of change for how young people can contribute to sustainable peace and development in conflict-ridden and at-risk communities; and

Design a program for community peacebuilding that engages youth as participants in all phases of project development, including monitoring and evaluation.

[Please see Annex 1 for the detailed course outline and curriculum].

SFCG now has a resource CD with course curriculum, reading lists and course materials, including power point presentations, which was used to enhance the programs delivered to the partners. [The resource CD is included with this report].

3.1.2 FACILITATOR'S GUIDE TO CONDUCTING PEACEBUILDING DIALOGUES SFCG has put together a guide for facilitators to conduct peacebuilding dialogues. The guide includes specific tools and techniques for conducting peacebuilding dialogues. The guide is based on SFCG’s years of experience using dialogue as a tool for conflict transformation and peacebuilding. It also draws from the literature on dialogues. A draft of the guide is ready and will be finalized and used in the next phase of the project.

Besides, SFCG also translated and adapted the Reflecting on Peace Practice manual in Nepali to be used by the participants of the Reflecting on Youth and Peace Practice training. The final project evaluation report notes that “Around 30% of participants have started using manual for putting conflict analysis into practice and developing proposals/ peacebuilding programs. Similarly, 27% participants have started developing cooperative actions with the help of RYPP manual that was translated into Nepali. Eighteen per cent participants found their increased understanding on conflict and 15% found the RYPP manual helpful for reflecting their own work.”

3.1.3 AUDIO/VISUAL TRAINING AID SFCG has developed three youth and peacebuilding videos to fill the gap in resource materials that support capacity building with youth and peacebuilding. SFCG has produced a short video compilation documentary highlighting examples of youth and peacebuilding which show what allows sports, folk music and trainings to be peacebuilding tools and how they bring people in a community together from across dividing lines - to start the positive communication between the groups and establish relationships. The video is designed not only to give ideas and examples of what youth are doing, but also to provide examples of positive role models of youth who are working on reintegration and other aspects of peacebuilding.

SFCG selected and contracted a well known, award-winning documentary maker, Dil Bhushan Pathak from Interface Nepal, to direct the documentary video. A total of three, 8-minute videos were made which cover the themes of youth using sports, folk music (dohari) and leadership for peacebuilding. The video covered both the processes involved and the results attained in those areas. These will be distributed to all partners, as well as utilized in SFCG’s community peacebuilding programs in 17 districts. They showcase positive examples both of young men, women, youth clubs and VMLR taking initiatives for peacebuilding. The first video showcases the use of sports as a peacebuilding and reconciliation tool, the second focuses on the use of music – specifically ‘dohari’ ( improvised folk music) in reconciliation and reintegration with communities and the third highlights achievements of youth in the Eastern Terai in building partnerships with local government, elders, and taking community initiatives for peace.

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In addition, SFCG has worked with Mark Hamilton to put together a portfolio of videos that showcase youth and peacebuilding initiatives from around the world. These will also be used as training resource in the workshops held with youth and partners.

[A copy of the DVD is included with this report].

3.2 INCREASED CAPACITY IN IMPLEMENTING YOUTH AND PEACEBUILDING ACTIVITIES Specific objective 2: To build the capacity of UNICEF implementing partners to incorporate youth and peacebuilding into their overall programs.

Result - 2.1: Program managers of implementing partners will have increased knowledge and skills in implementation of youth and peacebuilding activities and will have applied those skills.

Achievements:

Whilst the IPs already had programming on child protection, few of them had any experience on programming specifically targeting youth and peacebuilding. During the project period, implementing partners were given the tools to incorporate peacebuilding activities in their overall child protection programming. The training has helped the peacebuilding practitioners to learn both the theory and practice of youth and peacebuilding programming. As reported to SFCG during telephone coaching, 21 program coordinators used the skill of Reflecting on Peace Practice (RPP) in their organization and mainstreamed peacebuilding in other projects. The final project evaluation report finds that “76% of the respondents replied that they have used the learning acquired from the training to develop programs for youth.”

Similarly, the participants found dialogue training to be one of the most powerful tools to convene divided youth. The program has also helped widen the understanding of peacebuilding dialogues. The results of the pre- and post-test conducted before and after the training measured 61% growth in the knowledge of participants. They were able to distinguish dialogue from other types of communication - conversation, discussion and argument. 43% growth was also measured immediately after the training on their knowledge regarding the required skills for dialogue. 86% participants could also name the three dialogue tools – World Café, Open Space and Circle Process – practiced in the training.

3.2.1 TRAINING ON REFLECTING ON YOUTH AND PEACE PRACTICES (RYPB) With an objective of building the capacity of the program managers from the UNICEF implementing partners on conceptualizing, designing and monitoring youth and peacebuilding programs, two 4-day

trainings on 'Reflecting on Youth and Peace Practice' were organized. The trainings adapted the Reflecting on Peace Practice (RPP) framework developed by CDA for youth and peacebuilding programming.

A total of 51 program coordinators and officers (eight of whom were women) participated in the two trainings. Both trainings were residential and participants had the opportunity to learn from the session as well as learn from

“….before participating in the training, I was thinking that peacebuilding is just a reconciliatory approach. However, after the training I realized that peacebuilding can also influence the broader systemic causes as well as triggers of violence. I am committed to bring this learning into new programming.”

Usha Joshi, Nepal Red Cross, Kailali.

Reflection is an effective tool to look for change from ‘WE’ to ‘I’ approach helps mitigate conflict. ‘We’ is an imposing effort. I will certainly apply ‘reflection’ as a tool to evaluate me and my projects.

Dolma Lama, ECARDS, Dolkha

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interacting with each other. During the four days, participants learned about the RPP methodology, where they focused on developing their skills on how to reflect on youth and peacebuilding programming they implemented in the past and how to do it in the future.

During the training, the participants did group conflict analyses of their respective districts applying conflict analysis tools such as a conflict tree, force field analysis, three box analysis, and actors mapping. They also did a practical exercise on designing a peacebuilding intervention with youth. The participants appreciated the training as it was the first of its kind and they learned cutting edge skills to reflect on peace practices through the lens of youth and peacebuilding. The training was also important because it helped the participants analyze how their practices have been supporting peace through different types of initiatives.

RPP is a methodology that has been developed by the organization CDA and widely used in the field of peacebuilding as a tool to design, monitor and evaluate various peacebuilding interventions. It comprises a set of tools and concepts that are

very useful for the conceptualization and planning of peace interventions at all levels. They help to answer the questions: What should we work on? Which of the issues or conflict factors is a priority? Whom should we work with? Which actors/stakeholders are most important to work with? And why should we work on issues such as social reintegration of ex-combatants? Is the rationale for our chosen approach solid?

The training was designed and led by Tulsi Ram Nepal, an experienced RPP practitioner and trainer, in consultation with Sujata Thapa, SFCG's Community Peacebuilding Program Manager. The training used the RPP course module and adapted it into a 4-day course using the RPP framework for youth and peacebuilding programming. [Please see Annex 2 for the training schedule].

The first training, held in Pokhara from June 30th - July 3rd, 2010, brought together 30 participants (including 6 female) from the UNICEF implementing partners in the eastern and central regions. The second training was held in Bhairahawa from September 14th – 17th, 2010 and was attended by 21 participants (including 2 female) from the UNICEF implementing partners in the western, mid-western and far-western regions. Table 1 gives brief details about the training dates and the number of participants. [Please see Annex 3 for the list of participants from the two trainings].

Table 1: Training on Reflecting on Youth and Peace Practices

S.N Participants/ Districts Date Venue No of participants

Total Male Female

1 Staff from UNICEF implementing partners in the eastern and central regions.

June 30- July 3, 2010 Pokhara 30 24 6

2 Staff from UNICEF implementing partners in the western, mid-and far-western regions.

September 14-17, 2010

Bhairahawa 21 19 2

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3.2.2 COURSE ON YOUTH AND PEACEBUILDING Based on the course module developed by SFCG with the support of Mark Hamilton from American University in Washington, D.C., USA, a 5-day course on Youth Participation in Conflict and Peacebuilding for the Peacebuilding Practitioner was organized. The course was organized in Kathmandu from September 20th to 24th and attended by 24 participants (including 9 female).

The training, which was facilitated by Mark Hamilton, was highly interactive and has increased the understanding of participants about the transformative potential of youth to engage in positive development and community peacebuilding. Each participant got the opportunity to work individually with the trainer in order to receive enough feedback about their own course designs and projects. In addition, participants were exposed to theoretical frameworks on youth mobilization and examined some of the common challenges, relevant cases, and best practices from the field.

Table 2: Course on Youth and Peacebuilding

S.N Participants/ Districts Date Venue No of participants

Total Male Female

1 Peacebuilding practitioners from various organisations

September 20-24, 2010

Kathmandu 24 15 9

Participants also developed analytic tools to design and implement effective youth programs that support peacebuilding initiatives in fragile environments. The training was intended to a) test the newly designed curriculum that will be rolled out with the 50 partner organizations and b) build the capacity of SFCG to lead the course.

All participants were given resource CDs with the course curriculum, reading lists and course materials, including power point presentations.

3.3 INCREASED CAPACITY OF IPS TO SUPPORT SOCIAL RE-INTEGRATION Specific objective 2: To build the capacity of UNICEF implementing partners to incorporate youth and peacebuilding into their overall programs.

Result 2.2: CAAFAG Implementing partners will have increased knowledge to engage verified minors and post recruits in community based activities and to support their social-reintegration and enhance social cohesiveness.

Achievements:

A survey carried out by as part of final evaluation reveals that “after SFCG’s training 34% participants said that their ability to work with youth has increased significantly where another 55% said that their ability has also improved slightly. Only 11% said that despite their increased ability to work with youth, their work has been guided by the interest of the donor/INGOs they are connected with because of the fixed program design and rigid budget lines.” The implementing partners also reported during the review meeting organized in

“I was doubtful in the beginning about the outdoor activities that it could build relationships across dividing lines. However, after such activities, despite my doubt, I saw people understanding each other better and developing friendships by sharing their mobile numbers and calling each other every now and then. This also made me to change my perception towards these people and prejudice that the VMLRs cannot be dealt with easily.”

Mani Acharya, CWIN, Banke

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Kathmandu from March 13th to 15th, 2011 that this program has multiplier effects at the local level. During the period, through the technical assistance from SFCG, the implementing partners were able to train 784 CAAFAGs and VMLRs in peacebuilding and leadership skills at the district level. 73 youth groups were mobilized in peacebuilding programs and more than 114 peacebuilding dialogues and events in communities were organized by youth clubs with CAAFAGs and VMLRs. This program has provided the platform for VMLRs to work with their communities and provided life skills around trust building, confidence building, leadership development and communication skills. This has also made easier for trainers to deal with VMLR during the vocational training. Community members also participated in peace building activities for social reconciliation and community peacebuilding.

3.3.1 ORIENTATION AND PLANNING MEETINGS SFCG facilitated orientation and planning workshops in different regional centers where VMLRs are in vocational training. These workshops presented the orientation on peacebuilding to the different stakeholders in the region working with VMLRS and reviewed the process of planning the peacebuilding activities which provide the confidence building, trust building, emotion management, and social adjustment skills to VMLR. These workshops were added after the half year review program with UNICEF and implementing partners in the regional centers where the focus of the program was made. These workshops were organized by the respective implementing partners. The purpose of these workshops was to:

make the basic orientation on the youth and peacebuilding and its importance on reintegration process

identify the relevant peacebuilding activities with VMLRs with role and responsibility of different agencies involved in this reintegration process

Table 3: Workshops and Peacebuilding Activities organized by Implementing Partners

District

Implementing Partner

Youth Clubs

Planned Activities

Date

Participants

Dhangadhi SC/NRCS, Kailali

Youth Red Cross Circle, SPA

Deuda and cultural program Outdoor leadership and Civic Education Camp Drawing Football Volleyball 28th Nov,

2010 23 Hospital visit program

Nepalganj SC/CWIN Bageshwari Youth Club

Outdoor leadership and Civic Education Camp Culture Program in Nepalganj Team Building Exercise in Nepalganj Game(Football And Volley ball) in Nepalganj

30th Nov, 2010

18

Quiz/Learning Sharing In Nepalganj

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Dang SC/CWIN

Youth Network for Peace in Dang

Game(Football/Volleyball) in Nepalganj Culture Program, Dang Game (Football/Volleyball/Basketball) in Dang Group Intervention (Experience sharing, Vision sharing in Dang)

17th Dec, 2010

19

Outdoor leadership and Civic Education Camp

Pokhara Indreni Samaaj

Community Development Forum

Outdoor leadership and Civic Education Camp Cultural Program

30th Dec, 2010 21 Football for cooperation

Butwal Indreni Samaaj

Volleyball Cultural Program Picnic and Team Building Game

12th Dec, 2010

22

Game (Musical Chair)

Chitwan

Diyalo Pariwaar/ Bal Bikas Youth network

Sayepatri Yuva Samaaj, Prithivi Child Club

Friendship Football game Orientation on peacebuilding and civic education Outdoor leadership and Civic Education Camp 27th Nov,

2010 Cultural Evening

Lahan SC/CWIN Save Samaaj

Orientation and rapport build up meeting Football/volleyball Exchange visit Life Skill, leadership and civic education discussion Outdoor leadership and Civic Education Camp

15th Nov. 2010 23

Youth festival

Biratnagar SC/CWIN Y peer

Orientation and rapport build up meeting football/volleyball exchange visit Life Skill, leadership and civic education discussion Youth Festival

4thNov. 2010 17

Outdoor leadership and Civic Education Camp

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Kathmandu SC/CWIN Y peer

Outdoor leadership and Civic Education Camp Cultural evening orientation program 18th

December, 2010 23 Youth Festival

Besides the youth clubs and VMLRs from the training centers, these activities were also attended by the representatives of UNDP and UNIRP, UNICEF regional staff, Save the Children staff, implementing partners of UNICEF and Save the Children.

3.3.2 COACHING AND FOLLOW-UP WORKSHOPS Whilst training can be useful, follow up and one on one coaching can make the difference between a training being simply knowledge gained by the participant, to actually being implemented and contributing to real changes in programming. SFCG organized coaching and follow-up workshops in the five regional centers with the peacebuilding training participants and other stakeholders, including UNICEF, UNDP, UNIRP, Save the Children, Implementing Partners, youth clubs and service providers. The workshops were held in Dhangadhi, Nepalganj, Butwal, Kathmandu and Lahan. The purpose of the coaching was to assist the participants to put the workshop insights and knowledge into practice, and to develop their confidence and skills as youth and peacebuilding programmers.

Table 4: Coaching – Venue, Date and Participants

SN Venue Date Total Participants

Disaggregation by

Gender Involvement Female Male Participants were from

UNIRP, UNDP, UNICEF, Save the Children, Implementing partners, service providing organizations and youth clubs

1 Dhangadhi 23 February 2011 15 4 11

2 Nepalganj 25 February 2011 18 6 12

3 Butwal 14 December 2010 19 4 13

4 Lahan 2 December 2010 14 2 2

Total 56 16 40

In order to conduct the coaching, RPP practitioner and facilitator from the training, Tulsi Nepal, prepared a method on the basis of Keys to an Achievable Outcome4 and Reflecting on Peace Practice5.

The participants were guided through the following nine questions as prescribed under the Keys to an Achievable Outcome:

1. Positively stated: What exactly do you want? 2. Control: Can you achieve this goal yourself, no matter what other people do? 3. Evidence: How will you know when you’ve got your goal? 4. Context: Where, when and with whom do you want it? 5. Preventing: What stops you from already having your goal? 6. Resources: What resources do you already have that will assist you in reaching your goal? What

other resources do you need? 7. Ecology: What will you gain or lose in achieving this goal? 8. Worthwhile: What will achieving this outcome get for you? Or, what is so important to you about

achieving this outcome?

4 Mind Transformations, Barney Wee, NLP Practitioner Certificate Training ©1997 – 2003. 5 Reflecting on Peace Practice, Training of Consultants & Advisers Manual, CDA Collaborative learning projects, 2010.

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9. Action: What and when is your first step in getting this goal into motion?

Apart from this, SFCG also coached 31 participants of the other SFCG training program through telephone. SFCG staff used the form, agreed on beforehand, to coach the participants. The purpose of the coaching was to improve participants’ understanding of the training content and its use, and to clarify the goals of participants to inspire them with peacebuilding work. [Please see Annex 4 for the format used for telephone coaching]

3.4 INCREASED YOUTH AND PEACEBUILDING INITIATIVES Specific Objective 3: To support youth groups in carrying out local-level peacebuilding initiatives.

Result - 3.1: Youth leaders will have increased knowledge and skills in leadership and conflict analysis and will have applied those skills in developing and implementing local level peacebuilding initiatives

Achievement:

In addition to the capacity building of the UNICEF implementing partners, SFCG proposed to carry out a two-step capacity building training, consisting of a basic youth and peacebuilding training and an advanced youth and peacebuilding training for the youth leaders in the selected districts of the implementing partners. These trainings have been designed to supplement the capacity building of the partner organizations and the trained youth leaders are expected to work closely with the implementing partners to put into practice the social reintegration activities at the community level. During the period, two regional-level trainings on basic ‘Youth Leadership for Peacebuilding’, one advanced training, and 29 youth and peacebuilding event facilitations have been completed.

3.4.1 TRAINING FOR YOUTH LEADERS ON PEACEBUILDING During this reporting period, SFCG organized two 5-day trainings on 'Youth Leadership for Peacebuilding' for the selected youth leaders from the UNICEF implementing districts. A total of 45 youth leaders, including 12 female, were equipped with knowledge and skills on conflict analysis, leadership and peacebuilding.

The first training for the youth participants, from the eastern and central regions, was organized in Kathmandu from June 20th to 24th, 2010 and was attended by 22 youth, including 8 female. The second training for the youth participants, from the western, mid western and far-western regions, was organized in Nepalganj from August 2nd to 6th, 2010 and was attended by 23 participants, including 4 female. [Please see Annex 5 for the list of participants from the two trainings].

Table 5: Training on Youth Leadership for Peacebuilding

SN Venue Date Total

Participants

Disaggregation by

Gender Age Group

Female Male Below

18 18-24 25-29

1 Kathmandu 20-24 July 2010 22 8 14 4 17 1

2 Nepalganj 2-6 August 2010 24 6 18 3 21 0

Total 46 14 32 7 38 1

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Table 6: Training Participants: Disaggregation by Caste/Ethnicity

S.N Venue Date Total

Participants

Disaggregation by Caste/Ethnicity

Brahmin Chhetri Dalit Janajati Madhesi

1 Kathmandu 20-24 July 2010 22 4 4 1 12 1

2 Nepalganj 2-6 August 2010 24 8 5 7 4 0

Total 46 12 9 8 16 1

The participants were selected by the district implementing partners and youth/child clubs based on agreed criteria developed by UNICEF and SFCG. While SFCG took the lead in designing and implementing the training for the youth leaders, UNICEF and Save the Children also contributed with the development and facilitation of some of the sessions. SFCG led the sessions on leadership skills, conflict analysis and the role of youth in peacebuilding while Save the Children led the session on civic education and UNICEF led the session on HIV/AIDS and life skills. The training brought together the expertise of SFCG, Save the Children and UNICEF to design and deliver a comprehensive training for youth leaders using the training manual on youth and peacebuilding developed by SFCG, civic education package designed by Save the Children and life skills and HIV package designed by UNICEF. In addition to increased understanding and skills with peacebuilding, the training aimed to impart some life skills, including decision making, communication and understanding ones’ own emotions.

Furthermore, participants gained knowledge about HIV/AIDS, important as youth are the most vulnerable population for contracting HIV in Nepal. Overall, the training prepared the youth participants to engage with other youth from different communities to carry out local peacebuilding initiatives. There was an emphasis on how to engage other actors, including adult decision makers, women groups and political leaders, who are necessary for the success of such initiatives. [Please see Annex 6 for the course outline.]

Partners reported that after the training some youth leaders are now working closely with the respective partners to implement youth and peacebuilding initiatives based on the action plans they made at the end of training.

3.4.2 ADVANCED YOUTH LEADERSHIP AND PEACEBUILDING TRAINING SFCG organized an advanced youth leadership for peacebuilding training for the youth leaders selected by the implementing partners, to further equip them with the skills for their youth clubs to engage in peacebuilding activities and programs. Participants learnt how to work with VMLRs and engage them in

We should lead our family, society and country. We should understand the feelings of the people affected with conflict and help re-integrate them in our society. I have participated in many training. To get along with the youth from 22 districts was fascinating. This training is awesome. My learning: for democratic leadership, both the adult and youth should cooperate and work together, during the conflict youth have been mobilized and manipulated more and more. I am associated with a child club. It is my first time, in Kathmandu, which was my challenge. But I thought I am made it. I never knew about what training does or what kind of training is helpful for the youth, until I faced this one. I am going to use the learning here to bring a positive change in my community. This is my first training and it's going to be history.

Jhanahari Dhungel, Participant, Child Society Nepal Morang

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youth clubs as well as how to design and sustain youth and peacebuilding programs at local and district levels.

The training covered methods on how to integrate peacebuilding in regular work and how to design peacebuilding activities within different contexts to address root causes of conflict in long-term, multi-step processes. This has also built the skills of youth leaders to engage their adversaries in dialogue and potential cooperation. In particular, there was a focus on how youth can work with difficult people and local decision makers. The training also helped participants to see and use civic education as a key to peace process. This also covered the importance of civic education for youth.

Table 7: Advance Training on Youth and Peacebuilding

SN Venue Date Total

Participants

Disaggregation by

Gender Age Group

Female Male Below 18 18-24 25-29 30-34 Above

35

1 Kathmandu 23-26 Jan 2011

36 7 29 3 23 5 3 2

Total 36 7 29 3 23 5 3 2

Table 8: Training Participants: Disaggregation by Caste/Ethnicity

SN Venue Date Total

Participants

Disaggregation by Caste/Ethnicity

Brahmin Dalit Janajati Madhesi Tharu

1 Kathmandu 23-26 Jan 2011

36 16 5 7 3 5

Total 36 16 5 7 3 5

3.4.3 FACILITATION OF VARIOUS PEACEBUILDING EVENTS During the period SFCG staff facilitated 29 peacebuilding events that were organized by implementing partners. The total number of participants at these events was 356, including 97 VMLRs. Using outdoor teambuilding exercises, sports, social events, and other tools these events built teambuilding skills, social adjustment skills, confidence and communication of participants. These events were organized by youth clubs and implementing partners based on the planning meetings at the regional level with all the stakeholders. These events included sports for peacebuilding between VMLRs and other youth, cultural events for peacebuilding, outdoor leadership camps between the different youth and other social activities that aimed to build relationships between VMLR, youth clubs and community and breakdown prejudices and stereotypes that act as a barrier to reintegration. They were also an opportunity for the participants

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of the youth and peacebuilding trainings, to put their new learning into practice and develop and implement actual activities that were based on the principles learned in the trainings. Some of the examples of the peacebuilding activities conducted in different regions are:

Table 9: Peacebuilding activities organized in different regions

SN Activity Venue Date Participants

1 Cultural evening Dhangadhi January 17th 2011 More than 2 hundreds including 7 VMLRs

2 Outdoor leadership camp Dhangadhi 20th January 2010 48, including 24 VMLRs

3 Campaign against Plastics Dhangadhi February 13 2011 24 youth including 9 VMLRs

4 Outdoor leadership Camp and Picnic

Nepalganj 5 February 2011 56 participants including 12 VMLRs

5 Sport for peacebuilding Nepalganj 9 December 2010 28 including 7 VMLRs

6 Outdoor leadership camp Nepalganj March 25 2011 80 including 18 VMLRs

7 Cultural evening for peacebuilding

Dang 5 January 2011 50 including 11 VMLRs

8 Football and leadership for peacebuilding

Dang February 12, 2011 32 including 12 VMLRs

9 Football and civic Education Butwal January 17, 2010 19 including 6 VMLRS

10 Picnic for peace Nepalganj 19th January, 2011 22 including 16 VMLRs

11 Volleyball for reconciliation Butwal February 7th 2011 25 including 9 VMLRs

12 Outdoor leadership camp Pokhara 1st January 2011 31 youth including 9 VMLRs

13 Music for Peace Pokhara January 12th 2011 42 including 11 VMLRs

14 Outdoor leadership camp Chitwan

15 Football for peacebuilding Chitwan 20 November 2010 24 including 7 VMLRs

16 Orientation on Youth and Peacebuilding to VMLRs

Lahan 26th November 2010

8 VMLRs

17 Outdoor Leadership Camp Koshi Tappu 21st December 2010

59 including 27 VMLRs

18 Friendly football for peace Biratnagar November 14th 2010


19 Outdoor Leadership Camp and Picnic

Kathmandu 54 including 26 VMLRs

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20 Sport for Peacebuilding Makwanpur 26th February 2011 22 including 3 VMLRs

21 Hospital Visit and collaboration for social Change

Dhangadhi February 27th 2011 14 including 5 VMLRs

22 Drawing competition on Peacebuilding

Chitwan January 18th 2011 12 including 2 VMLRS

23 Football for Peacebuilding Nawalparasi February 6th, 2011 18 including 4 VMLRs

24 Interaction with the Stakeholders

Surkhet December 18th, 2010


25 New Year Eve with Youth Dolakha April 14, 2011 22 including 5 VMLRs

26 Essay Context on Peace and development

Dhankuta 12 January, 2011 9 including 3 VMLRs

27 Interaction with stakeholders Rautahat February 19, 2011 18 including 5 VMLRs

28 Visioning for the better Nepal using creativity

Butwal January 23th, 2011 21 youth including 3 VMLRs

29 Volleyball for Peacebuilding Makwanpur 4th March 2011 28 including 4 VMLRs

3.4.4 SUPPORT FOR YOUTH CLUBS ON IMPLEMENTING PEACEBUILDING ACTIVITIES IN THREE

DISTRICTS The support for youth clubs to provide seed grants and implement peacebuilding activities is being done by the UNICEF partners in 54 districts, and seed grants are being provided by UNICEF to these partners. However, in 3 districts in the Eastern Terai – namely Siraha, Mahottari and Sarlahi - where there are no UNICEF partners, SFCG worked with its local partner organization Samagra Jana Utthan Kendra (Samagra) to implement the youth and peacebuilding program.

SFCG and Samagra engaged with youth clubs and networks in these districts to carry out peacebuilding and social reintegration activities focusing on youth associated with armed forces and armed groups. The activities included initial engagement visits, training about youth and peacebuilding and support to the youth clubs in these three districts.

Initial engagement visit: During the project, Samagra and SFCG staff carried out engagement visits in these districts to understand the situation and to identify and select potential youth clubs from these districts. Findings from the engagement visits in the three districts included:

Weak coordination between youth, political parties, governmental staff and communities; Youth are in critical situations (manipulation by armed groups and involvement in criminal

activities and violence); There is a lack of youth participation in the decision-making bodies at the Village Development

Council (VDC) level; Caste-based conflict within Madhesi communities and between Pahade-Madhesi communities;

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Youth Leadership for Peacebuilding Training: Samagra organized three days of youth leadership for peacebuilding trainings in Lahan for the youth leaders for the program area districts. There were 37 participants including 4 VMLRs from the Public Training Institute (PTI) and 12 females. The training was facilitated by SFCG staff. Participants learnt how to work with VMLRs and engage them in youth clubs and how to design and sustain youth and peacebuilding programs at the local and district levels. Training covered conflict analysis and role of youth in peacebuilding, civic education and life skills.

Mini-Grant Support to the youth clubs: Samagra worked with youth clubs at the community level to support them to take cooperative initiatives that foster dialogue and build peace. The youth clubs, after participating in the leadership workshop, conducted an analysis of conflict in their community and determined the most effective form of intervention they could carry out. Samagra provided financial, technical and material support to youth-led activities based on some basic conditions: first, they must represent cooperation among youth who are divided; secondly, the projects must aim to bring people together in support of the peace process; and thirdly, local youth groups need to raise matching funds from local resources. The detail of the small grant activities completed during the period is:

Table 10: Small grants activities conducted

SN Name of the clubs Name of the activities

No of participants

Outcomes

1 Shangharsh Youth Club, Bhatauliya

Drama Approx 100 The youth knew the bad results of being engaged in armed groups The civil society learned to give a chance to those youth to improve their behaviors in society. The youth going abroad became aware about deadly diseases.

2 The Janakpur Lines Youth Club, Ankar

Drama Approx 50

3 Hanuman Youth Club, Bathnaha

Drama Approx 100

4 Shiv Target Youth club, Halkhori

Drama Approx 40

5 Suryodaya youth Club, Samsi

Drama Approx 45

6 Krishna Youth Club, Suga Drama Approx 25

7 Jana-Jagriti Youth Club, Raghunathpur

Youth leadership training

46 The youth and civil society learned the skills of youth leadership and peacebuilding.

8 Maharani Youth Club, Bijalpura

Workshop(the role of youth in community peace building and development)

43 Healthy relationship building with the local youth and governmental offices with the club formation of VDC level youth network as pressure group

9 Shaker youth Club, Meghraul

Leadership training and peace rally

50 Exposure of the youth and peace building activities in the VDC level.

10 Loharpatti Youth Club, Loharpatti

Interaction program

33 The local youth learned their responsibilities towards public properties and public issues.

11 Youth Network for Peace and Development,

Interaction 32 Good coordination of the local

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Mahottari

program organizations

13 Youth Network for Peace and Development, Dhanusha

Interaction program(youth discussion)

19 The youth became active with developing the network as a recognized organization in the district.

14 Jana Chetna Youth Club, Netraganj, Sarlahi

1. leadership training 2. interaction program

50 The youth formed a new youth club. They united.

15 Shree Shuva Shanti Youth Club, Basantpur, Sarlahi

1. leadership training 2interaction program

38 The four individual youth clubs agreed to work collectively.

16 Hands for Peace Youth Club, Lahan 10

Youth Leadership and Peace Building Training street Drama

25 Exposure of the youth and peace building activities in the VDC level. Learned the bad results of being engaged in armed groups

17 Youth Ekta Youth Club, Arnaama

assembly for honoring conflict victims family Youth Leadership and Peace Building Training

36 The conflict victims’ families felt safe in the society.

Exposure of the youth and peace building activities in the VDC level.

18 Suryodaya Janasewa Kendra, Siraha

Youth Leadership and Peace Building Training.

31 Exposure of the youth and peace building activities in the VDC level.

19 Empowering Social-economic Program, Nepal

Blood Donation Interaction

19 The blood collection will save the untimely death of the local people.

20 Janaprayash Saamudayik Kendra, Bisnupurkatti

“One Forum, multiple talents for Peace”

18 It helped the local youth to explore their internal talents and express it in the societies.

4. CHALLENGES AND LESSONS LEARNED Since the VMLRs were concentrated in the 10 training centers, the peacebuilding activities that

engaged VMLRs needed to be focused on these locations. Hence the reach of the peacebuilding activities were limited to 10 training centers and broader societal reintegration with the community became challenging.

VMLRs who are not taking the UN package who are harder to reach than those in training centers were not reached by these activities. SFCG has incorporated messaging about VMLR in some of its non-UNICEF funded media programs which are intended to reach a broad spectrum of youth including VMLR. However, a more targeted approach to also reach these VMLR with peacebuilding activities is also recommended.

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There was the event based partnership with youth clubs so that youth could not make peacebuilding as their regular activities. Event based partnership with youth clubs, although it creates new relationships, builds awareness, and is a starting point, it cannot institutionalize peacebuilding activities at local level for the long term without more long term investment. . More focus on the capacity building of youth, mentoring and their linkage with relevant agencies at district and regional level is necessary to sustain youth and peacebuilding programs.

Due to lack of financial resources for peacebuilding with implementing partners, it became difficult for them to support the youth leaders and youth clubs. Hence although trained youth clubs were clamoring to play a role in peacebuilding, they did not receive any resource support to enable them to do so. The budget to implement peacebuilding activities with implementing partners of UNICEF and Save the Children is insignificant and further no budget has been allocated to World Education’s implementing partners.

Lack of or little financial resource on peacebuilding with implementing partners meant that the IPS had limited funds to work with youth clubs. The dialogue training conducted towards the end of the program was appreciated because dialogue is a tool that can be done with little money and can have profound results. For other programs however more resources are required.

Many implementing partners lack a peacebuilding focal person and this became challenging when coordinating with both SFCG and youth clubs. The absence of a focal person for peacebuilding for youth in the implementing partners has made it challenging for youth to get support from the implementing partner organizations. When contacted by SFCG, some of the youth leaders complained that they had visited the organization but could not find support from the program coordinators.

There have been challenges with regards to coordinating the dates for the training. Since the dates had to be coordinated with UNICEF and its many different partners, there have been several changes in the scheduling. SFCG had scheduled two ‘Advanced Youth Leadership for Peacebuilding’ trainings during August and September. However, upon UNICEF's request, the trainings were cancelled and/or postponed. This affected the work plan of SFCG and will further delay the implementation of project activities.

Implementing agencies were not aware on the bigger picture of this reintegration campaign. This project is very integrated and multiple partners are engaged in their own piece. Ideally, all of those pieces need to fit together and well coordinated. However, all of the implementing agencies were more concerned and focused on their own component and missed the bigger picture vision. Therefore, all the involved agencies need to have a clear idea of the bigger picture of this reintegration program. Meetings, interactions and workshops on the ongoing reintegration program should be organized so that implementing partners, services providers, youth clubs, technical organizations and UN agencies are aware of the interlinks between different components handled by different agencies.

Planning and implementation of youth and peacebuilding activities at the regional level were very helpful with building trust and confidence of VMLRs. This has established good relations between them and made it easier for services providers to deal with them. Continuation of these activities is necessary in this phase as well.

Community awareness is needed for the reintegration and rehabilitation of VMLRs and CAAFAGs. This can be assisted by developing a wide range of IEC (Information, Education and Communication) materials and communication campaign that supports the goals of the National Plan of Action on CAAFAG.

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Knowledge on peacebuilding practices from different parts of the globe and successful approaches used is also important to broaden the horizon of understanding. Most of the youth and local organizations do not have access to these resources as these are not available in Nepali. Localization of these materials is necessary to build knowledge and support sustainable peacebuilding. SFCG is committed to continuing its work on translating and adapting global resources for the local context.

SFCG trainings are very helpful in preparing youth and implementing partners to conduct peacebuilding activities but SFCG staff are still needed to run trainings at the district level. Thus, training of trainers and refresher trainings are necessary to develop them as skilled trainers - independent of SFCG staff's support. It is a long term process to support organizations and coordinators who have no prior experience in peacebuilding, to become masterful at facilitating peacebuilding programs.

5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION Throughout the project period, SFCG and partner organisations conducted various activities for the monitoring and evaluation of various aspects of the project.

In all the training, SFCG carried out a pre- and post-test survey to measure the changes in the knowledge and skills of the participants before and after the training. The data from the survey is entered in the SFCG monitoring database and analysed to assess the effectiveness of the training and to constantly improve the quality of the training programs. Besides, SFCG staff conducted telephone coaching and mentoring with the participants of various training to assess the outcomes of the training programs and to receive feedback for improvements.

During the final month of the project, SFCG carried out a project evaluation led by an external evaluator, Tulsi Nepal. The evaluation focused on assessing the project in terms of relevance, effectiveness, coordination and coherence and sustainability of the project activities against the set goals and objectives as well as the conflict context.

The evaluation report is attached as a separate document.

6. OUTPUTS TABLE Outputs Status

1.1 Course Module in Youth and Peacebuilding Completed - SFCG has a course module developed by Mark Hamilton.

1.2 A facilitator's guide to conducting peacebuilding dialogues

Completed - The soft copy of the guide is prepared by SFCG.

1.3 Audio-visual training materials Completed - Three videos @ 8 minute, are produced on Sport and peacebuilding, folk music and peacebuilding, youth leadership training and peacebuilding

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2.1 Course on Youth and Peacebuilding Completed - 24 participants

2.2 Training on Reflecting Youth and Peace Practices

Completed – total of 51 participants are trained

2.3 Review workshop and training on conducting peacebuilding dialogues

Completed - two events, 64 participants

2.4 Follow-up coaching visits Completed in 4 regional centers

2.4 Peacebuilding orientation and planning Completed in 9 centers

3.1 Training to youth leaders on “Youth Leadership and Peacebuilding”

2 training completed. Total of 45 participants trained

3.2 Advance training on youth and peacebuilding to youth leaders

1 training completed. 36 participants trained

3.3 Facilitation of the various peacebuilding activities

Completed - 29 events

3.3 Implementation of youth and peace building activities in three district Siraha, Mahottari and Sarlahi

Completed - One engagement visit, one training on youth leadership for peacebuilding and 20 seed grant activities

7. NEXT STEPS Drawing out on the experience and lessons learnt, SFCG has already submitted a project proposal for the continuity of this project. The next phase of the proposed project “Capacity Building in Youth and Peacebuilding”, aims to build the capacity of UNICEF implementing partners and other organizations involved in the reintegration of Verified Minors and Late Recruits (VMLR) and Children Associated with Armed Forces and Armed Groups (CAAFAG). This project will support the agencies to develop and implement youth and peacebuilding programs, with a particular focus on incorporating peacebuilding into their VMLR reintegration programming.

The project will engage a wide range of stakeholders including UNICEF, UNIRP, CAAFAG Working Group, youth clubs and implementing partners. It will directly target the VMLRs released from the cantonment in 2010 as well as ‘self and informally released’6 CAAFAG. Following results are expected:

Program Coordinators of implementing partners will have increased capacity to design implement and evaluate peacebuilding programs;

Peacebuilding focal person from implementing partners will have increased knowledge and skills to organize effective outdoor leadership activities with youth from across dividing lines;

Peacebuilding practitioners will have increased access to resource materials on peacebuilding to widen their understanding on the subject.

6 Refers to minors who left the cantonments or the CPN-M prior to the UNMIN verification process

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VMLR, CAAFAG and other youth work together to contribute to peacebuilding and social reintegration at the local level.

It is expected that this project will immediately start after the current project expires.

8. FINANCIAL REPORT The financial report will be forwarded after the grant extension period has finished.

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ANNEXES

ANNEX-1: COURSE OUTLINE - YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN CONFLICT & PEACEBUILDING: INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES TO YOUTH PROGRAMMING IN POST-CONFLICT TRANSITIONS

Relevant Contact Information: [email protected]; 011-202-277-5755 (Washington DC)

“The destiny of any nation, at any given time, depends on the opinions of its young men under five-and-twenty.” – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832).

“Much youth violence is preventable by creating positive life options and socializing them for peace rather than war.” – Michael Wessells, “Child Soldiers, Peace Education, & Post-conflict Reconstruction for Peace', Theory into Practice, 44:4 (2005).

“Organizations that are successful in involving young people in meaningful ways are able to translate this attitude into policies & programs that incorporate youth as partners in community building.” – International Youth Foundation, What Works in Youth Participation (2002).

Course Overview

A key lesson from modern world history is that young people act as "engines" of social and political change, including featured roles within conflict and post-conflict situations. Not only are young men and women victimized by war; they also are manipulated and pulled into conflict as combatants, ideologues, and political thugs. The opportunity for their armed mobilization is immense, and yet too often the brave youth who seek nonviolent roles are left isolated and unsupported.

This highly interactive training – designed for practitioners in fields of development and conflict resolution as well as educators examining questions of youth agency and security – will explore the transformative potential of young people for civil violence and community peacebuilding. Participants will gain exposure to theoretical frameworks of youth mobilization and examine some of the common challenges, relevant cases, and best practices from the field. In addition, we will develop analytic tools to design and implement effective youth programs that support peacebuilding initiatives in fragile environments.

Specific Objectives

Examine the effects of conflict and insecurity on young people and explore the incentives for youth mobilization into varied institutional forms of armed violence;

Practice tools of conflict analysis & transformation through examination of relevant global cases;

Develop an integrated theory of change for how young people can contribute to sustainable peace and development in conflict-ridden and at-risk communities; and

Design a program for community peacebuilding that engages youth as participants in all phases of project development, including monitoring and evaluation.

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Course Outline

Day 1: Introductions and Expectations Training Overview and Ground Rules Definitions of “Youth” and Theoretical Overview Definitions of “Participation” and Theoretical Overview Definitions of “Conflict” and Theoretical Overview Conflict Analysis Group Exercise Definitions of “Conflict” and Theoretical Overview Daily Recap & Evaluation Homework: Review Course Resources CD

Day 2: Debrief of Day 1 Lessons Learned Introduction to Theories of Change Lenses of Violent Youth Mobilization Role Play Exercise & Debrief: Violent Youth Mobilization Rechanneling the Mechanisms of Mobilization & Review of Peacebuilding Concepts Global Case Studies of Youth Peacebuilding Initiatives (Video Examples) Debrief of Video Cases, In Context of Peacebuilding Analytic Tools Theories of Change and Peacebuilding, With Reference to Youth Sectors Daily Recap & Evaluation Homework: Review Course Resources CD; Consider Programs to Suggest for Design / Review

Day 3: Debrief of Day 2 Lessons Learned Introduction to Group Exercise on Program Design/ Review Consolidation of Working Groups for Program Design/ Review Drafting of Working Group’s Theory of Change; Large Group Feedback Overview of Program Design Framework Working Group Breakouts for Phase I of Youth Peacebuilding Program Design / Review; Peer Feedback on Phase I Group Work Daily Recap & Evaluation Homework: Individual Tasks to Support Working Group; Review Course Resources CD

Day 4: Debrief of Day 3 Lessons Learned Overview of Phase II of Program Design & Review Working Group Breakouts for Phase II of Youth Peacebuilding Program Design / Review; Peer Feedback on Phase II Group Work Overview of Phase III of Program Design & Review Working Group Breakouts for Phase III of Youth Peacebuilding Program Design / Review; Peer Feedback on Phase III Group Work Daily Recap & Evaluation Homework: Individual Tasks to Support Working Group; Review Course Resources CD

Day 5: Debrief of Day 4 Lessons Learned Final Group Work & Reflections on Youth Peacebuilding Program Design / Review Review of Available Resources Final Comments & Questions Course Recap

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ANNEX-2: SCHEDULE OF RYPP TRAINING Day 1 Day 2 Day 2 Day 4 Morning Introduction

Course Objectives and Expectations Sharing understanding: what is conflict

Recap Youth and Peacebuilding (SFCG) Common Ground Approach (SFCG)

Recap Systems Analysis RPP Matrix

Recap Program activities (Cont’d...) Criteria of Effectiveness

Lunch Break Afternoon Conflict Analysis:

Actors and Causes (Conflict Tree)

RPP introduction Force Field Analysis Key Driving Factors

Programming Options: Being strategic Program activities

Evaluation and closing

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ANNEX 3: PARTICIPANTS OF TRAINING ON REFLECTION ON YOUTH AND PEACEBUILDING

PRACTICE Training 1: Pokhara, 30 June-3 July 2010

S.No Name Gender Age Group Caste/Ethnicity Organization

01 Sonam Bantawa Female 30-34 Janajati PAG, Ilam

02 Sapana Shrestha Female 25-29 Janajati RRN Sankhuwashaba

03 Bishnu Mani Nepal Male 30-34 Brahmin Samaj Sewa Samuha

04 Sahaman Bishwokarma Male 30-34 Dalit PAG, Panchthar

05 Rajendra Shrestha Male 25-29 Janajati PAG, Taplejung

06 Shambhu Raj Pandey Male 30-34 Brahmin REEC Myagdi

07 Wakil Karki Male Above 35 Chhetri RRN

08 Ramdhan Madhi Male Above 35 Janajati CDPs

09 Dil Bahadur Karki Male Above 35 Chhetri PAG, Terathum

10 Prakash Adhikari Male 30-34 Brahmin PAG, Ilam

11 Tebrej Ahamad Male 25-29 Muslim Rural Development Centre

12 Yagya Gautam Male 18-24 Brahmin Diyalo Pariwar, Chitwan

13 Binod Rijal Male 25-29 Brahmin ICDC-Nepal, Dhading

14 Chandra Bahadur Oli Male Above 35 Chhetri BASE, Salyan

15 Birat Lamsal Male Above 35 Brahmin CWS

16 Durga Aryal Male Above 35 Brahmin

Siddhartha Social Development Center, Kapilwastu

17 Lok Bahadur Khadka Male 18-24 Chhetri Solve Nepal, Dhankuta

18 Chandra Prasad Chudal Male Above 35 Chhetri PAG, Jhapa

19 Sunil Chaudhary Male 30-34 Tharu

Shreepuraj Community Development Center, Saptari

20 Laxmi Prasad Chaudhary Male 30-34 Tharu

Shreepuraj Community Development Center, Saptari

21 Prem Rai Male 30-34 Janajati ISSN, Khotang

22 Goma Panthi Female 18-24 Brahmin OTCDC, Arghakhanchi

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23 Dolma Lama Female 25-29 Janajati ECARD, Dolakha

24 Hajra Shabnam Female 30-34 Muslim Save the Children

25 Radha Dhungana Female 30-34 Brahmin CWIN Nepal

26 Sachin Khadka Male 25-29 Chhetri World Education

27 Bhola Basnet Male 25-29 Chhetri JSSN

28 Laxmi Nath Gyawali Male Above 35 Brahmin IRDC

29 Bhairab Prasad Gelal Male Above 35 Brahmin Samagra Jana Utthan Kendra, Siraha

30 Raju Bhandari Male Above 35 Brahmin World Education

Training 2: Bhairahawa, 14-17 September 2010


1 Dil Bdr Air Male 25-29 Chhetri Save the Children

2 Madhu Dawadi Male 30-34 Brahmin CWIN

3 Kulindra Adhikari Male Above 35 Brahmin Save the Children

4 Hari Lal Chuadhary Male 30-34 Tharu NNSWA

5 Hasi Lal Panta Male 18-24 Brahmin Panch Tara Yuwa Samay Manch

6 Ram Chandra Rawal Male 25-29 Chhetri KIRDARC

7 Dina Nath Acharya Male 25-29 Brahmin GYC Baglung

8 Dhurba Raj Gautam Male 25-29 Brahmin PTYSM Surkhet

9 Hari kiran Basnet Male 25-29 Chhetri BNA Jumla

10 Ram Jung Shah Male 30-34 Janajati PTYSM Jajarkot

11 Mahendra Regmi Male 30-34 Brahmin Sundhar Nepal Santha

12 Bhim Bdr Gurung Male Above 35 Janajati Hoste Haise Child

13 Bishnu Chiluwal Male 30-34 Brahmin Women Self Help Centre

14 Manoj Bist Male 25-29 Chhetri Working for Across and Creation

15 Bishnu Bhandari Male Above 35 Brahmin NARDEC

16 Dammar Sunar Female 30-34 Dalit CWIN Nepal

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17 Bishnu Devkota Male 25-29 Brahmin DNGOCC

18 Bala Ram Male Above 35 Brahmin PTYSM

19 Usha Joshi Female 30-34 Brahmin NRCS

20 Shanti Pandit Female 25-29 Brahmin JJCDC

21 Jhakku Acharya Male 18-24 Brahmin CWIN Nepal

22 Ghan shyam Nyure Male 30-34 Brahmin Sundhar Nepal Santha

23 Indra Bdr Auji Male 30-34 Dalit Sundhar Nepal Santha

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ANNEX 4: TELEPHONE COACHING FORM

Name of Coach Signature

INFORMATION ABOUT COACHEE Name Coaching Date Organization Designation Attended SFCG training/s

Major involvement

COACHING DETAIL What differences did the SFCG training made on you? What plan did you made after the training for youth and peacebuilding? What did you do after the training? What are your major achievements on peacebuilding? What were the challenges for you? How did you overcome?

What else would you like to achieve now? What do you need to do in order to achieve that? What are the supports /resources available? How can we support you? What are the possible challenges? How will you overcome? What are you going to do? When?

Recommendation of coach

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ANNEX 5: PARTICIPANTS - YOUTH LEADERSHIP FOR PEACEBUILDING Training 1: Kathmandu, 20-24 July 2010


01 Yamuna Karki Female 18-24 Chhetri JSSN Solukhumbu

02 Evi Rai Male 25-29 Janajati JSSN Khotang

03 Ranjit B.K Male 18-24 Dalit ICDC

04 Jhanahari Dhungel Male 18-24 Brahmin Child Society Nepal

05 Deepak Rai Male 18-24 Janajati R.R.N Bhojpur

06 Sanita Rai Female 18-24 Janajati R.R.N Sankhuwasabha

07 Saroj Pyakhurel Male Below 18 Brahmin

08 Shailendra Kushwaha Male 18-24 Madhesi

09 Nabaraj Shrestha Male Below 18 Janajati S.B.K

10 Mona Shrestha Female 18-24 Janajati Himrights

11 Shweta Dhakal Female 18-24 Brahmin Himrights

12 Bhim Rajbhashi Male 18-24 Janajati Suranga Cooperative youth club

13 Subina Sapkota Female Below 18 Brahmin Survodaya Youth Club

14 Pritam Sanba Male 18-24 Janajati PAG-Mechi Youth Information

15 Rita Devi Ghising Female 18-24 Janajati

16 Gyanu Senchuri Male 18-24 Janajati Bhanudaya Youth Club

17 Saraswato Katwal Female 18-24 Chhetri JSSN Okhaldhunga

18 Bimala Rai Female Below 18 Janajati Solve Nepal

19 Gorakh Bdr .Achhami Male 18-24 Chhetri Yuwamaitri Club

20 Rupesh Giri Male 18-24 Janajati Diyalo Pariwar

21 Hari Narayan Raut Male 18-24 Chhetri

22 Bharat Tamang Male 18-24 Janajati Mission United Youth Club

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Training 2: Nepalgunj, 2-6 August 2010


01 Rama Rawat Female 18-24 Chhetri CWIN Nepal

02 Khami Sarashrish Female 18-24 Dalit REEC

03 Netra Acharya Male 18-24 Brahmin NRCS

04 Dinesh Bhatt Male 18-24 Brahmin NRCS

05 Amrit Karki Male 18-24 Chhetri BNA

06 Udaya Giri Male 18-24 Janajati CWIN Nepal

07 Arjun Kurmi Male 18-24 Dalit Indreni

08 Sumitra Pariyar Female 18-24 Dalit Indreni

09 Chudamani Gautam Male 18-24 Brahmin CWIN Nepal

10 Subarna Rijal Male 18-24 Brahmin JJUDC

11 Kul Bahadur Majhi Male 18-24 Janajati Nava Yuwa Club

12 Man Bahadur Rawat Male 18-24 Chhetri BNA

13 Pradeep Nepali Male 18-24 Dalit Utpidit Tatha Janajati B P

14 Deepak Chaudhary Male 18-24 Janajati SSDC

15 Durga Prasad Bhandari Male 18-24 Brahmin DNGOCC Dang

16 Radha Budhathoki Female Below 18 Brahmin DES Nepal

17 Nanda Adhikari Male 18-24 Brahmin KIRDARC

18 Suresh Duhar Male 18-24 Dalit NNSWA

19 Daya Subedi Male 18-24 Brahmin NPYC

20 Santosh BK Male 18-24 Dalit YNFPAD

21 Sangam BK Male Below 18 Dalit FSYPF

22 Madan Kumar Bhul Male 18-24 Janajati WAC Nepal

23 Bhabani Thapa Female Below 18 Chhetri BT

24 Goma K. Chhetri Female 18-24 Chhetri

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ANNEX 6: YOUTH LEADERSHIP FOR PEACEBUILDING TRAINING SCHEDULE Activity Facilitator Objective Process/ methodologies

DAY I 09:00 - 09:30

Welcome, Introduction and Expectation sharing

SFCG Participants are familiar to each other and with training agenda.

Introduction and expectation by net game,

9.30 -11.00

- Working with youth: Defining youth, Youth characteristics, youth role and responsibilities

SFCG Participants have common understanding on the youth characteristics and role of youth

Reflecting exercise Discussion Presentation Finding actions

11.00- 12.30

- Introduction to conflict, violence and peace

SFCG Participants are able to differentiate between conflict and violence Able to define peace

Paper exercise Discussion Finding actions

12.30-13.30

Lunch

13.30 to 15.30

conflict analysis identify conflict mapping local

conflict Conflict Analysis

Tools: conflict tree character map, position and Interest

SFCG - able to identify conflict in the community

- able to analyze conflict of community

Story telling Group discussion Presentation finding actions

15.30 to 16.00

Tea break

16.00 to 17.30

Common Ground Approach

SFCG - able to understand the common ground approach and process of finding common ground in conflict

Apple exercise discussion finding actins

DAY 2 - 9.00- 9.30 Review of day one SFCG - Day one is

reviewed by a song

9.30 -11.00

Youth Participation SFCG - Able to describe the different level of participation and reflect own position

Question answer matching/participation game Robert Hart model presentation Finding actions

11.00-11.15

Tea break -

11.15-12.30

- Youth Leadership development

- Youth club and youth leadership

SFCG and SC

- Identify the qualities of leadership and way to promote them

Mirror games Group discussion Finding actions

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- Make common understanding on the values of leadership

12.30-13.30

Lunch time -

13.30 -14.30

Emotion management SC - Recognize different emotions

- Understand various means/skills to handle emotions

Drama

14.30 -16.00

Non violent approach SFCG - list down the non violent methods of calming right

Role play/pin balloon game Discussion Presentation finding actions

16.00-16.30

Tea time -

16.30-17.30

Intergenerational dialogue and cooperation

SFCG - Understand the importance of intergenerational dialogs

- Find the way to start ID

Balloon game Discussion Reflection Finding actions

DAY 3 - 9.00- 9.30 Review of day one SFCG - Day two is

reviewed by a song

9.30-11.00 Reconciliation SFCG - Understand the importance of 4 pillar of reconciliation

Truth, Justice, Peace and Mercy debate Discussion Finding action

11.00-12.30

Finding supportive hands for Youth

SFCG - Identify the supportive hands for working with youth in peacebuilding at local level

Mapping exercise Group discussion

12.30-13.30

Lunch time -

13.30-15-30

Democratic & Autocratic Leadership

- Understand the value of democratic leadership

- Analyze leadership qualities

- Role Play - Fishbone Analysis

15.30-16.30

Rule of Law SC - Understand importance of rule of law

- Football or volleyball Game

Day 4 10.00-12.00

Inclusion and Exclusion SC - Understand the importance of inclusion

- Include different

-Exclusion and Inclusion game -Power Walk

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persons in daily activities

12.00-1.00 Citizenship and civic responsibility

SC - Understand citizen's responsibility

-Song and discussion

2.00-4.00 Appreciative communication skills

SC - Able to communicate assertively and affirmatively

-Role play

DAY 5 HIV AIDS and LIFE SKILL UNICEF -

After Action Review: Pathway To Peace Program Nepal

Documents

Transcript of After Action Review: Pathway To Peace Program Nepal