(Aft. - NFPA · NOT RETURNED: 5 Beard, Braga, Laverick, Naylor, Silk (Log #CP4) 14- 5 - (1-4 Rated...

Report on the Committee on

Standpipes

Maurlee M. Pilette, Chair Mechanical Designs Ltd, MA [SE]

Gary S. Andress, Wausau HPR Engr, WI [I] Reap. The Alliance of American Insurers

Willis C. Beard, Fire Equipment Co. Inc., MI [M] Rep. Nat'l Assn. of Fire Equipment Distributors Inc.

Antonio C. M. Braga, Factory Mutual Research Corp., CA [I] Thomas C. Brown, RolfJensen & Assoc., Inc., VA[SE] Larry Buckett, Vipond Fire Protection, ON, Canada JIM]

Rep. Canadian Automatic Sprinkler Assn. Roger L. Chamberland, City of Winnipeg Fire Dept., Canada [E] Thomas H. Dale, Kemper Nat'l Insurance Cos., PA [I] Walter A. Damon, Schirmer Engr Corp., IL [SE] Gary S. Jensen, American Emergency Services Corp., IL [U] Edwin A. Kotak, Jr., Robert W. Sullivan, Inc., MA [SE] George E. Laverlck, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] John C. Livingston, Jr., Livingston Fire Protection, Inc., MD [IM] Raymond W. Lonabangh, PICO Energy Co., PA [U]

Rep. Edison Electric Inst. Terence A. Manning, Manning Electrical Systems, Inc., IL [IM]

Rep. Illinois Fire Prevention Assn. Ausmus S. Marburger, Fire Protection Industries, Inc., PA [IM]

Rep. Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn. Jack A. Medovich, East Coast Fire Protection, Inc., MD [M]

Pep. American Fire Sprinkler Assn., Inc. ames W. Naylor, Westinghouse Savannah River Co., SC [U] ouglas F. Nelson, HSB Industrial Risk Insurers, PA Ill

J. Brian Nolan, Nolan Fire Pump System Testing, IL [M] Sam (Sat) Salwan, Environmental Systems Design Inc., IL [SE] Beffrey M. Shapiro, Int'i Code Consultants, TX [SE]

ruce W. Silk,Boca Raton Fire Dept., FL [E] Richard H. Solomon, Fire Protection Engr, IL [SE] James M. Trapp, Elkhart Brass Mfr. Co., IN [M]

Rep. Fire Equipment Mfrs. Assn. James B. Visger, Road Sprinkler Fitters Union, AZ [L]

Rep. United Assn. of Journeymen/Apprentices of Plumbing/Pipe Fitting

Alternates

Tariq Bsharat, Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn., NY JIM] (Alt. to A. S. Marburger)

• Lee.| . Dosedlo, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] (Aft. to G. E. Laverick)

Kenneth P. Forget, Road Sprinkler Fitters Union 669 UA, ME [L] (Alt. to J. B. Visger)

John Gait, Canadian Automatic Sprinkler Assn., ON, Canada~ [IM] (Alt. to L. Buckett)

Joseph B. Hanklns, Jr., Factory Mutual Research Corp., MA[I] (Alt. to A. C. M. Braga)

Merle H. Hittle, Jr. , Schirmer Engr Corp, TX [SE] (Alt. to W. A. Damon)

Kenneth W. Linder, HSB Industrial Risk Insurers, CT [I] (AlL to D. F. Nelson)

Daniel E. Majerczyk, Kemper Nat'l Insurance Cos., IL [I] (Alt. to T. H. Dale)

E. Alan Reilly, Potter-Roemer Inc., CA [M] (Alt. to J. M. Trapp)

Jeffrey IL Stump, CIGNA Loss Control Services, PA [I] (Voting AlL to AISG Rep.)

Nonvoting

Kenneth J. Carl, Baldwin, NY (Member Emeritus)

James W. Nolan, James w. Nolan Co., IL (Member Emeritus)

Staff Liaison: David R. Hague

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the installation of standpipe and hose systems in buildings and structures.

This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the front of this book.

The Report of the Technical Committee on Standpipes is presented for adoption.

This Report was prepared by the Technical Committee on Standpipes and proposes for adoption amendments to NFPA 14- 1996, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems. NFPA 14-1996 is published in Volume 1 of the 1998 National Fire Codes and in separate pamphlet form.

This Report has been submitted to letter ballot of the Technical Committee on Standpipes, which consists of 27 voting members. The results of the balloting, after circulation of any negative votes, can be found in the report.

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N F P A 14 - - F9 9 R O P

(Log #CP1) 14- 1 - (Title): Accept SUBMrrTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes

I RECOMMENDATION: Rename document as follow~ "Standard for the Installation of Standpipe, Private Hydrants and

Hose Systems". SUBSTANTIATION: This proposal is a result of a Standards Council directive. At their July 1997 meeting, the Standards Council approved a new project to consolidate requirements pertaining to the design and installation of sprinkler systems into NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. A portion of this directive includes reassignment of NFPA 24, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances ~md NFPA 291, Recommended Practice for Fire Flow Testing and Marking of Hydrants, to the Technical Committee on Automatic Sprinklers. At their Report on Proposals meeting in March 1998, the Technical Committee on Automatic Sprinklers reported to the Standards Council that portions of NFPA 24 (specifically Chapter 4 "Hydrants", Chapter 5 "Hose Houses and Equipment," and Chapter 6 "Master Streams") and NFPA 291 in its entire1:y are not appropriate for inclusion in NFPA 13. As a result, the Standards Council, at their April 1998 meeting, voted to reassign Chapter 4, 5 and, 6 of NFPA 24 and NFPA 291 in its entirety to the Technical Committee on Standpipes. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMrITEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:

AFFIRMATIVE: 22 NOT RETURNED: 5 Beard, Braga, Laverick, Naylor, Silk

SUBSTANTIATION: Adoption of the preferred definition from the NFPA Glossary of Terms is desired for clarification in both documents. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITrEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITrEE ACTION:


(Log #CP4) 14- 5 - (1-4 Rated Capacity (New)): Accept SUBMITTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add the following definition to Section 1- 4 as follows:

Rated Capacity. The flow available from a device, at the designated residualpressure either measured or calculated. SUBSTANTIATION: This proposal incorporates a definition from NFPA 291 "Recommended Practice for Fire Flow Testing and Marking of Hydrants" not presently contained in NFPA 14. Editorial changes were made to the definition so that it applies to all types of devices and not hydrants specifically. See also Committee Proposal 14-1 (Log #CP1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMM1TrEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMIT]FEE ACTION:

AFFIRMATIVE: 22 NOT RETURNED: 5 Beard, Brag, a, Laverick, Naylor, Silk

(Log #CP2) 14- 2- (1-1): Accept SUBMITTER= Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Modify the document scope as follows:

1-1 Scope. This standard covers the minimum requirements for the installation of standpipes, private hydrants, monitor nozzles, hose systems, and hose houses including methods and procedures of water flow testing for the evaluation of water supplies. This standard does not cover requirements for periodic inspection, testing, and maintenance of these systems. (See NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems.)" SUBSTANTIATION: See Committee Proposal 14-1 (Log #CP1). COMMITrEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #CP14) 14- fi- (1-4 Standpipe): Accept SUBMITrER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Revise the definition of the term "Standpipe" to read as follows:

Standpipe. The portion of the system piping that delivers the water supply to hose connections, including sprinklers on combined systems, isolated from the feed main by a control valve, with multiple hose outlets. SUBSTANTIATION: The definition for "standpipe" is being revised to address horizontal systems as well as vertical. A single hose valve should be in accordance with NFPA 13. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #CP$) 14- B - (1-2): Accept SUBMITTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Revise Section 1-2 to read as follows:

1-2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to provide a reasonable degree of protection for life and property from fire through installation requirements for standpipes, hydrants and bose systems based on sound engineering principles, test data, and field experience. Nothing in this standard is intended to reslrict new technologies or alternate arrangements, provided that the level of safety prescribed by the standard is not lowered.. SUBSTANTIATION: See Committee Proposal 14-1 (Log #CP1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITrEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #CP12) 14- 4 - (1-4 Fire Deparunent Connection ): Accept SUBMITTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Adopt the .preferred definition for the term "Fire Department Connection from NFPA 25 which reads as follows:

Fire Department Connection. A connection through which the fire depar tment can pump supplemental water into the sprinkler system, standpipe, or other system furnishing water for fire extinguishment to supplemental existing water supplies.

(Log #14) 14- 7 - (2-3): Accept in Principle in Part SUBMITrER: Heinz Otte, Waterons Co. RECOMMENDATION: 1. Revise the last two sentences of the first paragraph to read as follows:

"This hydrant is chosen so that the hydrant(s) to be flowed are between it and the large mains that constitute the immediate sources of water supply to the hydrants. In Figure 2-3, test layouts are indicated showing the residual hydrant designated with the letter R and hydrants to be flowed with the letter F."

2. Revise the Figure 2-$ as shown on page 404: 3. Delete the last sentence of the section that currently reads: "It is preferable.., hydrant".

SUBSTANTIATION: 1. The wording that states the residual hydrant "will be located between the hydrant to be flowed and the large mains which constitute the immediate sources of water supply in the area" does not conform to the practice that has been used for decades. See 1988 edition of NFPA 291. Thus, when the residual pressure is being measured when the flow hydrants are flowing, the water flow velocity in the fire service main at the location of the residual hydrant is at a fwe flow level, therefore likely hav inga significant velocity head (see NFPA 20 for definition of Velocity Head). Since the method of pressure measurement at the residual hydrant cannot measure this velocity head component of the total pressure, the residual pressure will be "in error" by the amount of the velocity head, and this error will lead to misrepresentation of the amount of water which could be flowed under actual fire fighting use. Selecting the location for the residual hydrant as stated in the proposal and as it was in the 1988 and previous editions of NFPA 201, minimizes the velocity head

403

N F P A 14 - - F 9 9 R O P

l 8,,e I~w ~tl~=ne

Om Im l i ne ~llw H~lrKd~

i i . . i On~ to ~vr Iqow Hyarms

~ l ~ c ~ e ~ r e ¢ ~ olllow:. R-lW(luall,~lmm: F- IlOWl'~lrar~

Figure 2-3.

effects on measuring the residual pressure. This allows the residual pressure measurement to reflect more closely the total pressure that remains available in the system.

2. The additions to the figure provide the reader the benefit of many man years of experience that knowledgeable people have in selecting the locations of both flow and residual hydrants to yield the most accurate estimates of fire flow capability of fire service mains and water distribution systems supplying those mains.

3. See Substantiation for (1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle in Part.

The Technical Committee on Private Water Supply Piping Systems notes that NFPA 291 is being withdrawn. This action is being handled by the Technical Committee on Standpipes and will be incorporated into NFPA 14.

Item #1 is Accepted in Principle: revise the last sentence only. Item #2 is Accepted in Principle: change the "one flow hydrant"

diagram by reversing the "F1" and "R" hydrant designations. Item #5 is Accepted as proposed.

COMMITTEE STATEMENT: Additional guidance on the layout of a flow test involving multiple hydrants in looped or gridded systems is needed. Item #2 was changed for technical accuracy: to obtain accurate results, the flow hydrant must remain downstream of the residual hydrant. See also Committee Proposal 14-27 (Log #CP5). NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #15) 14- 8 - (2-4): Accept in Principle in Part SUBMITTER: Heinz Otte, Waterous Co. RECOMMENDATION: 1. In the first sentence of 2-4 delete "with 1-psi (0.0689 bar) graduations" and "with 1/2 psi (0.00445 bar) graduations".

2. In the second paragraph of 2-4 delete "an Underwriters Playpipe, or other" and replace with "a", and at the end delete the sPeriod after "reading" and add "See Section 2-6."

UBSTANTIATION: 1. It would be impractical to provide pressure gauges with the graduations indicated as they would be special order and very expensive. Pressure gauges are provided with graduations that are readable to reflect the precision of the gauge, itself, and standard gauges will meet the intended usage.

2. To state the performance requirements without specifying design. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle in Part.

Item #1 is Accepted in Principle, change the 1PSI and 1/2 PSI graduations to 2PSI and 1PSI respectively.

Item #2 is rejected. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee agrees that the graduations in the current text are restrictive. Graduations in excess of those indicated in the Committee Action would be

subject to interpolation. The guidance given in the second of Section 2-4 is consistent with the theory stated in the

tection Handbook and other reference sources. NUMBER OF COMMITI'EE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #7) 14- 9 - (2-4 and 2-5): Accept SUBMITTER: Tariq Bsharat, Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Delete all of Sections 2-4 and 2-5 and replace it with the following text:

"Joining, hanging, and bracing of pipe and fittings shall be in accordance with NFPA 137 SUBSTANTIATION: NFPA 13 or other NFPA documents will address all joining, hanging, and bracing of fire protection

Stems. MMITTEE ACTION: Accept.

NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:

AFFIRMATIVE: 21 NEGATIVE: 1 NOT RETURNED: 5 Beard, Braga, Laverick, Naylor, Silk

EXPLANATION OF NEGATIVE: BROWN: Substantiation is based upon assumptions regarding

final form of NFPA 13. These sections should not be deleted until it is confirmed that NFPA 13 as restructure does adequately address the issues.

Other sections of NFPA 14 which may be addressed by the new NFPA 13 were not deleted.

(Log #CP8) 14- 10 - (2-7 and 5-14): Accept SUBMITTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add Chapter 5 "Hose Houses and Equipment" of NFPA 24 to the applicable chapters of NFPA 14 as follows (section numbers in parenthesis are from NFPA 24):

2-7.2* (24-5-1.1") Hose Houses and Equipment. A supply of hose and equipment shall be provided when hydrants are intended for use by plant personnel or a fire brigade. The quantity and type of hose and equipment will depend upon the number and location of hydrants relative to the protected property, the extent of the hazard, and the fire-fighting capabilities of the potential users. The authority having jurisdiction shall be consulted.

A-2-7.2 (24-A-5-1.1) All hose should not be removed from a hose house for testing at the same time because the time lost in returning it in case of fire might allow the fire to spread beyond control. See NFPA 1962, Standard for the Care, Use, and Service Testing of Fire Hose Including Couplings and Nozzles.

2-7.2.1" (24-5-1.3") Hose shall be stored so it is readily accessible and is protected from the weather.

A-2-7.2.1 (24-A-5-1.3) This can be done by storing hose in hose houses or by placing hose reels or hose carriers in weatherproof enclosures. 5-14 Hose Houses. 5-14.1 (24-5-2.1) When hose houses are utilized, they shall be located over the hydrant or immediately adjacent. Hydrants within hose houses shall be as close to the front of the house as possible and still allow sufficient room back of the doors for the hose gates and the attached hose.

5-14.2 (24-5-2.2) When hose reels or hose carriers are utilized, they shall be located so that the hose can be brought into use at a hydrant. For equipment details when utilizing hose reels and hose carriers, see Section 2-7.2.6.

2-7.2.3 (24-5-3) Hose houses shall be of substantial construction on foundations. The construction shall be such as to protect the hose from weather and vermin, and designed so that hose lines can be brought into use. Clearance shall be provided for operation of the hydrant wrench. Ventilation shall be provided. The exterior shall be painted or otherwise suitably protected against deterioration.

2-7.2.4* (24-5-4) Size and Arrangement. Hose houses shall be of a size and arrangement to provide shelves or racks for the hose and equipment. (For equipment details of hose houses, see Section 2-

7.~:~j.7.2.4ogx (24-A-5-4) Typical hose houses are shown in Figures A-2-7.2.4(a) through A-2-7.2.4(c).

404

N F P A 14 ~ F 9 9 R O P

r"

Figure A-2-7.2.4(a) House of five-sided design for installation over a private hydrant.

2 hose coupling gaskets for each size hose. A-2-7.2.6.1 (24-A-5-6.1) Desirable optional equipment to be

included in hose house equipment is as follows: 1 fire axe with brackets 1 crowbar with brackets 2 hose and ladder straps 2 electrical battery hand lights. 2-7.2.6.2 (24-5-6.1.1)Where two sizes of hose and nozzles are

~ rovided, reducers or gated wyes shall be included in the hose ouse eqmpment. 2-7.2.7 (24-5-7) Domestic Service Use Prohibited. The use of

hydrants and hose for purposes other than fire-related services shall be prohibited. SUBSTANTIATION: This proposal renumbers and divides existing Chapter 5 of NFPA 24 to suit the format of NFPA 14. Sections 5-1, 5-3, 5-4 & 5-5 of NFPA 24 contain requirements for materials and components and are added to Chapter 2 "System Components and Hardware" of NFPA 14. Section 5-2 of NFPA 24 address location of hydrant houses and is added to Chapter 5 "Design" of NFPA 14. Section 5-1.2 and 5-1.4 were not included in this proposal since this information is presenfly addressed in NFPA 14.

See also Committee Proposal 14-1 (Log #CP1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. N U M B E R OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


Figure A-2-7.2.4(b) Steel house of compact dimensions for installation over a private hydrant. House is shown closed. Top lifts up and doors on front side open for complete accessibility.

Figure A-2-7.2.4(c) This type of hose house can be installed on legs as illustrated or installed on a wall near, but not directly over,

a private hydrant.

2-7.2.5 (24-5-5) Marking. Hose houses shall be plainly identified. 2-7.2.6 (24-5-6) Equipment-General. 2-7.2.6.1" (24-5-6.1") When hose houses are used in addition to

the hose, each shall be equipped with: 2 approved adjustable spray-solid stream nozzles equipped with

shutoffs for each size of hose provided 1 hydrant wrench (in addition to wrench on hydrant) 4 coupling spanners for each size hose provided

(Log #5) 14- 11 - (2-7.6 (New)): Reject SUBMITTER: E.A. Reilly, Fire Equipment Manufacturers Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Add the following new Section 2-7.6:

2-7.6 Hose Equipment Stations for High-Rise Building. A secured equipment cabinet for fire department use shall be provided and maintained at approved locations as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The cabinet shall contain the following:

2-7.6.1 Hose. 2 lent~ths of 2 1/2 in. x 50 ft Double Jacket Hose. coupled. 2 lengths of 1 3/4 in. x 50 ft Double Jacket Hose, coupled.

2-7.6.2 Nozzle. 2-1 1/2 in. 95 ~,pm Constant Gallonage Fog Nozzle.

2-7.6.3 Wye. 1-2 1/2 in. x 1 1/2 in. Quarter Turn Wve.

2-7.6.4 Adapter. 2-2 1/2 in. Female x 1 1/2 in. Male Adapter.

2-7.6.5 Spanner. 1 Universal Spanner.

2-7.6.6 Axe. 1-6#Pick Head Axe.

2-7.6.7 Pry. Bar. 1-48 in. Pry Bar.

2-7.6.8 LighL I Battery Operated Portable Light or other lighting equipmeQ~

approved by the Authority. HavingJurisdi~tjon. SUBSTANTIATION: Reduction in fire service manpower levels and funding can increase response time. In place fire service level equipment will compensate for foregoing losses. COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The information presented is outside the scope of the standard. Any equipment to be provided is within the authority of the local fire department. N U M B E R OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE A C T I O N :


(Log #2) 14- 12- (2-9): Accept in Principle SLrBMITI'ER: Wayne Waggoner, Tennessee Fire Code Dev. Committee and TN Fire Safety Insp. Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Add new text to 2-9 to read as follows:

"Any sprinkler (NFPA 1~ and standpipe (NFPA 14~ system that has more than one FDC for a building shall be so arranged thaf; the entire building can be supplied from any single fire department connection."

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N F P A 1 4 m F 9 9 R O P

SUBSTANTIATION: The intent is to have any FDC supply water to all standpipe systems. The fire service has encountered numerous situations where the standpipe system is fed from several different points and each point has an FDC. The fire service would like to have all FDC's feed all sections of the building without having to guess which FDC is the right one. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

I Add the proposed text to appendix section A-5-5. The new A-5-5 will read as follows:

A-5-5 Fire department connections feeding interconnected standpipes, including combined systems, should he arranged to supply all interconnected standpipes in a building or section of a building. See Figures A-5-1(a), (b), and (c). COMMITTEE STATEMENT: This information was added to the appendix since it may not adequately address every configuration for all standpipe systems. It was added to section 5-5 since that section is intended to interconnect all portions of a standpipe system. NFPA 13 was not included since FDC's for sprinkler systems are beyond the scope of this standard. NUMBER OF COMMITI'EE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITI'EE ACTION:


(Log #CP6) 14- 13 - (2-10 and 2-11): Accept SUBMrrrER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add Section 4-1 of NFPA 24 to Section 2- 10

(existing section 2-10 becomes 2-11) Add Section 4-2 of NFPA 24 to Section 5-13 and Section 4-3 of

NFPA 24 to Section 4-5 (existing Section 4-5 becomes 4-6, (existing Section 4-6 becomes 4-7, (existing Section 4-7 becomes 4-8) (Section numbers in parenthesis are from NFPA 24) 2-10" (24-4-1") General. 2-10.1(24-4-1.1) Hydrants shall be of approved type and have not

less than a 6-in. (152-mm) diameter connection with the mains. A valve shall be installed in the hydrant connection. The number, size, and arrangement of outlets, the size of the main valve opening, and the size of the barrel shall be suitable for the

~ rotection to be provided and shall be approved by the authority avingjurisdiction. Independent gate valves on 2 1/2-in. (64-mm)

outlets are permitted. (See Section 2-7.) 2-10.2 (24-4-1.2) Hydrant outlet threads shall have the NH

i standard external threads for the size outlet(s) supplied as specified in NFPA 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections.

Exception: Where local fire depar tment connections do not conform to NFPA 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections, the authority having jurisdiction shall designate the connection to be used.

2-10.3 (24-4-1.3) Hydrants on private service mains shall not be equipped with pumper outlets unless the calculated demand for large hose (3.5 in. and lar~er) is added to the attack hose and spnnkler system demands m determining the total demand on the fire protection water supply.

5-13 (24-4-2) Number and Location of Hydrants. 5-13.1" (24-4-2.1") Hydrants shall be provided and spaced in

accordance with the requirements of the authority having jurisdiction. Exception: Public hydrants are recognized as meeting all or part of the above requirement. 5-13.2" (24-4-2.2*) Hy.d(.ants shall be placed a minimum of 40 ft

(12.2 m) from the braidings protected. Exception: When hydrants cannot be placed at this distance,

locations less than 40ft from the building or wall hydrants shall be permitted to be used (see Figure A-5-13.2 (24-A-4-2.2)).

A-5-13.2 (24-A-4-2.2) With use of wall hydrants, the authority having jurisdiction should be consulted regarding the necessary water supply and arrangement of control valves at the point of supply in each individual case. (See Figure A-5-13.2. (Figure 24-A- 4-2.2) ) -

Figure A-5-13.2(insert figure 24-A-4-2.2 ) 5-13.3 (24-4-2.3) Hydrants shall not be placed less than the

equivalent depth of bury to retaining walls where there is danger of frost through the walls.

4-5 (24-4-3) Installation and Maintenance of Hydrants. 4-5.1 (24-4-3.1) Hydrants shall be set on flat stones or concrete

slabs and shall be provided with small stones (or equivalent) placed about the drain to ensure drainage.

Figure A-4.5.1 (Figure 24-A-4-1, note incorrectly noted as Figure A-

4"~53!2 (24-4-$.2) Where soil is of such a nature that the hydrants will not drain properly with the arrangement specified in 4.5.1 (24. 4-3.1), or ground water stands at levels above that of the drain, the hydrant drain shall be plugged at the time of installation. If the drain is plugged, hydrants in service in cold climates shall he pumped out after usage. Such hydrants shall he marked to indicate the need for pumping out after usage.

4-5.3* (24-4-3.3*) The center of a hose outlet shall be not less than 18 in. (457 mm) above final grade, or when located in a hose house, 12 in. (305 ram) above the floor.

A-4-5.3 (24-A-4.3.3) In setting hydrants, due regard should be given to final grade line.

4-5.4 (24-4-3.4) Hydrants shall be fastened to piping and anchored in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 13.

4.5.5 (24.4-3.5) Hydrants shall be protected if subject to mechanical damage. The means of protection shall be arranged in a manner that will not interfere with the connection to, or operation of, hydrants.

4-5.6 (24-4-3.7) Check valves, detector check valves, back flow prevention valves, and similar appurtenances shall not be installed in the service stub between a fire hydrant and private water supply

g iping. • UBSTANTIATION: This proposal renumbers and divides

existing Chapter 4 of NFPA 24 to suit the format of NFPA 14. Section 4.1 of NFPA 24 addresses the component requirements of hydrants and is incorporated into Chapter 2 "System Components and Hardware" of NFPA 14. Section 4.2 of NFPA 24 addresses the required number and location of hydrants and is incorporated into Chapter 4 "Installation Requirements of NFPA 14. Secdon 4-3 of NFPA 24 addresses design requirements of hydrant systems and is incorporated into Chapter 5 "Design" of NFPA 24. Section 4-3.6 including appendix material of NFPA 24 was not incorporated into NFPA 14 since it addresses periodic testing of hydrants which is a requirement of Chapter 4 of NFPA 25 "Standard for the Inspection, Testing and, Maintenance of Water Based Fire Protection Systems ~.

See also Committee Proposal 14-1 (Log #CP1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:

AFFIRMATIVE: 22 NOT RETURNED: 5 Beard, Braga, Lavefick, Naylor, Silk

(Log #17) 14- 14- (3-2.1): Accept in Principle SUBMITrER: Carl W. Hickman, Sulphur Fire Dept. RECOMMENDATION: Revise text as follows:

3-2.1 Public Hydrants. All barrels are to be chrome )~l!cv: white except in cases where another color has already been adopted. The tops and nozzle caps should be painted with the following capacity-indicating color scheme to provide simplicity a n d consistency with colors used in signal work for safety, danger, and intermediate condition:

Class AA - Light Blue Class A - Green Class B - Om~,eYe l l ow Class C - Red.

SUBSTANTIATION: The barrels o f hydrants should be painted white for visibility at night.

Class B hydrants should have the top and nozzle caps painted YELLOW, as the color orange may be difficult to distinguish from the color red at night. COMMITTEE ACq'ION: Accept in Principle. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 14-30 (Log #CP7). NUMBER OF COMMITFEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOJ'E: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #16) 14- 15 - (3-2.1.1 (New)): Accept in Principle SUBMITFER= Carl W. Hickman, Seifware Fire Dept. RECOMMENDATION: Add the following text:

3-2.1.1 Inoperative Hydrants. Fire hydrants that are inoperative or unusable shall have barrels, nozzle caps, tops, and all visible parts painted BLACK.

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N F P A 14 - - F 9 9 R O P

SUBSTANTIATION: Valuable time is lost when a fire department attempts to use an inoperative or unusable fire hydrant. If the inoperative hydrant is painted black in its entirety, responding fire department members can easily recognize and bypass a dead hydrant.

The barrel should be painted black so as not to confuse the hydrant with an operable hydrant at night. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

Revise proposed text to: 3.2.1.1 Permanently Inoperative Hydrants. Fire hydrants that are

permanently inoperative or unusable shall-should have barrels, nozzle caps, tops, and all visible parts painted BLACK.

Add new text: 3.2.1.2 Temporarily,Inoperative Hydrants. Fire hydrants that are

temporarily inoperati~ e or unusable should be wrapped, or otherwise provided with temporary indication of their condition. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 14-30 (Log #CP7). NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITI'EE ACTION:


EXPLANATION OF NEGATIVE: CHAMBERLAND: 3-2.1.1 Disagree with revised proposed text. 3.2.1.2 Agree. No consideration should be given to allow

permanent nonoperative equipment. Formal approval of the initial installation took place when these

hydrants were installed. These hydrants were required for some reason! Hydrants shail be maintained operational at all times and if hydrants cannot be repaired they shall be replaced.

If a request is receiw.'d to permanendy discontinue use of a hydrant an analysis of hydrant spacing and required fire fighting water flows must be conducted to prove this hydrant is no longer required. If it is not required and will no longer be maintained it shall be removed with formal approval of the authority having jurisdiction.

(Log #3) 14- 16 - (3-3.2, 3-3.3 arm 5-8.2): Reject SUBMITTER: Western Regional Fire Code Dev. Committee RECOMMENDATION: Revise text as follows:

3-3.2 Class II Systems. A Class 1I standpipe system shall provide 11/2-in. (38.I-ram) hose stations :o su~pl)" ~:~tcr for ugc - - : ~ ; i . ,

r - ~ S l ~ a ~ . Exception: A minircum 1-in. (25.4-mm) hose shall be permitted

to be used for hose stations in light hazard occupancies where investigated and listed for this service and where approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

3-3.5 Class IIISystems. A Class III standpipe system shall provide l l /2- in. (38.1-mm) !:cze ~ f i c ~ : tv supp!y :'.'=:cr for "a~e ~}" ~u:.!~!:g cccuFa=::z and 21/2-in. (63.5-mm) hose connections

Exception No. 1: A minimum 1-in. (25.4-mm) hose shall be permitted to be used tor hose stations in light hazard occupancies where investigated and listed for this service and where approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

. . . . . . : ^~ M^ o . ~ A r v . . . . . * ~ .~ ~ , . . : L - : : ~ :~ ~ . . . . . ~ ^ , 4 . I , . . . . g l - , ^ , , # ~ ) ,

. . . . . . . . . . .i ~ . . . ^ ~ . : . . . . :-t.~ . . . . . ,~_ i. . . . . *"':^~- for _== b} r

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - / - - .... ", .......... l . . . . . . . `1-- -r'r" . . . . . . . .

5-8.2 Where the static pressure at a hose connection exceeds 175 psi (12.1 bars), an approved pressure regulating device shall be provided to limit static mad residual pressures at the outlet of the hose connection to -1-00 i's! ~ a ~.ox ¢^. ~ ~ /o -=. ( ~ . ! ~ x t .^~ . . . . . . . : . . . . . . : '~"^ # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1 not more t21an 175 psi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I t" . . . . . . . . . .

(12.1 bars) for o'..~.er hc.zc cvr~zcc'dv.~:. The pressure on the inlet side of the pressure regulating device shall not exceed the device's rated working pressure. SUBSTANTIATION: The use of hose lines by occupants of the building should no longer be required as an acceptable method of fire control. People should be leaving the building in the event of a fire and not be using hose stations that they are not trained to use. The maintenance record of hose stations is poor to say the least; to permit occupants to use these systems may cause injury. COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject.

COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The requirement to provide hoselines for use by building occupants is a building code requirement, NFPA 14 addresses their installation and does not require that they be used by building occupants. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #4) 14- 17 - (3.5.2): Accept in Prindple SUBMITFER: Michael Chapman, H. A. Simons Ltd. RECOMMENDATION: Revise 3-5.2 to read as follows:

"Manual dry standpipes shall not be used for Class II or Class III systems." SUBSTANTIATION: The c~arrent wording severely restricts the use of standpipe systems, particularly Class II systems, in unheated buildings and structures in areas subject to freezing. The only method of complying is to provide a wet system with heat tracing and insulation to prevent freezing in cold weather. This adds additional cost, is impractical in some cases and does not provide the reliability that is necessary for a fire protection system.

The revised wording would permit the use of automatic or semi- automatic ~ systems, which have been commonly installed prior to the 1993 edition of this standard. It is my understanding that the restriction was added to the 1995 edition to ensure that wet systems are selected as the first choice in heated buildings. It does not adequately address the need for dry systems in unheated buildings or outdoor structures. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

] Add an Exception to address trained fire brigades to read as I follows: ] Exception: In facilities where fire brigades are trained to operate I systems without fire department intervention.

COMMITTEE STATEMENT: This allows for the use of automatic or semi-automatic dry systems for class II and III systems by trained fire brigades and continues to prohibit the use of dry standpipes by untrained building occupants. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEaMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITYEE ACTION:


(Log #CP10) 14- 18- (4-1.2): Accept SUBMITTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add a new section 4-1.2 to read as follows:

4-1.2 Piping for any standpipe system shall be permitted to be installed underground. Pipe shall not be run under buildings.

Exception: When absolutely necessary to run pipe under buildings, special precautions shall be taken which indude arching the foundation walls over the pipe, running pipe in covered trenches, and providing valves to isolate sections of pipe under buildings. SUBSTANTIATION: Clarification of the intent of the standard based on the 171 request for underground piping of dry standpipe systems. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #6) 14- 19 - (4-3.2 Exception (New)): Reject SUBMITFER: Tanq Bsharat, Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Add the following exception to Section 4- 3.2:

Excention: A check valve shall not be reouired in each fire denarmaent connection if the fire denartment is the only source of water sunnlv. SUBST.M~ITIATION: The check valve would serve no purpose if the system is served only by a single fire department connection. If some other source of water supply is connected, or if multiple fire department connections are involved, the check valve does serve a purpose.

407

N F P A 14 ~ F 9 9 R O P

COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The lack of a check valve ma~, permit the loss of water during firefighting operations if an interior valve is used as an inlet. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITI'EE ACTION:

AFFIRMATIVE: 22 NOT RETURNED: 5 Beard, Braga, Laverlck, Naylor, Silk

(Log #8) 14- 20 - (4-3.4 Exception (New)): Reject SUBMITTER: Tariq Bsharat, Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Add an Exception to Section 4-3.4 to read as follows:

Exception: A listed automatic drin valve shall not be reouired if the system is configured so that water would automatically drain through the fire denartment connection. SUBffTANTIATIOb/: The automatic drip would serve no practical function if the piping were configured such that it would automatically drain through the fire department connection. COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: Water may accumulate and be subject to freezing temperatures in the FDC after the fire department reinstalls the caps. Further, water may also accumulate due to condensation. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #CP13) 14- 21 - (4-3.5.4 Exception): Accept SUBMITrEI~ Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add an Exception to Section 4-3.5.4 to read as follows:

Exception: The location of the fire department connection shall be permitted to exceed 100 ft subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction. SUBSTANTIATION: The current text does not address situations where hydrants are not available. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #9) 14- 22 - (5-3.2(d)): Reject SUBMITTER: Tariq Bsharat, Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Revise 5-3.2(d) to read as follows:

"In covered mall buildings, at exterior public entrances to the mall." SUBSTANTIATION: A redundancy currently exists between part (c) and (d). Exit passageway and exit corridors are required to be protected in covered mall buildings by part (c). To repeat the requirement in part (d) implies that covered malls are to be treated differently. COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: Current language may be redundant with 5-3.2(c) however is necessary for clarity. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #13) 14- 23 - (5-3.2(f)): Accept SUBMITTER: Ivan J. Humberson, City of Galthersburg, MD RECOMMENDATION: Revise text to read as follows:

"Where the most remote portion of a nonsprinklered floor or story is located in excess of 150 ft (45.7 m) of travel distance from a required exit containin~ or adjacent to a hose connection or the most remote portion of a sprinl~lered floor of story is located in excess of 200 ft (61 m) of travel distance from a required exit containing or adjacent to a hose connection, additional hose

connections shall be provided, in approved locations, where required by the local fire department or the authority havin~ jurisdiction." SUBSTANTIATION: Present wording could be interpreted to allow exterior exits to be used to determine if additional hose valves would be required. Exterior exits may not be suitable since they may not be readily accessible by the fire department apparatus. Additional wording will clarify that the approval of hose valve locations is not limited to the fire department, but they must meet with the approval of the authorit]t having jurisdiction (the fire department may not be the anthorlty having jurisdiction). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITrEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #1) 14- 24- (5-7 Exception): Accept SUBMITTER: Northeast Regional Fire Code Dev. Committee RECOMMENDATION: Change 5-7 to read:

5-7* Minimum Pressure for System Design and Sizing of Pipe. Standpipe systems shall be designed so that the system demand can be supplied by both the attached water supply, where required, and fire department connections. The authority having jurisdiction shall be consulted regarding the water supply available from a fire department pumper. (Also see NFPA 1901, Standard for Pumper Fire Apparatus.)

Standpipe systems shall be one of the following: (a) Hydraulically designed to provide the required waterflow rate

at a minimum residual pressure of 10O psi (6.9 bars) at the outlet of the hydraulically most remote 2 1/2-in. (63.5-mm) hose connection and 65 psi (4.5 bars) at the outlet of the hydraulically most remote 1 1/2-m. (38.1-mm) hose station; or Exception N o . l : Where the authority having jurisdiction permits pressures lower than 100 psi (6.9 bars) for 2 1/2-in. (63.5-mm) hose connections, based on suppression tactics, the pressure shall be permitted to be reduced to not less than 65 psi (4.5 bars). Exceotion No. 2: In other than hi~h-rise buildint, s. the authoritv havin~ Jurisdiction is allowed to reduce the minimum pressure reouirements of this section if the buildin~ is t~rotected throughout by an approved automatic snrinkler svstem.

(b) Sized in accordance with the pipe schedule in Table 5-7 to provide the required waterflow rate at a minimum residual pressure of 100 psi (6.9 bars) at the topmost 2 1/2-in. (63.5-mm) hose connection and 65 psi (4.5 bars) at the topmost 1 1/2-in. (38.1-mm) hose station. Pipe schedule designs shall be limited to wet standpipes for buildings that are not defined as high-rise. SUBSTANTIATION: Combined sprinkler and standpipe systems are very cormnon. By having a requirement for a minimum pressure for standpipes, a fire pump is necessary even in low and mid-rise buildings. This adds substantial cost to the system and there have been situations where owners/designers have opted to not sprinkler the building in an attempt to recover the costs for the fire pump and standpipe. In most situations in sprinklered buildings, standpipes will not be necessary for firefighting purposes (they may be needed for mop up). ff additional pressure is needed, the FD apparatus can pump into the FDC to increase the pressure. Fire primps are very "maintenance-intense" and have a relatively high fadure rate (as far as sprinkler components go - see Factory Mutual research on fire pump reliability) and many fire officials do not wish to rely on them. This proposal would only address sprinklered, non-high-rise buildings; high-rises and nonsprinklered buildings would be required to meet the minimum pressure requirements of this section. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF CO MI'ITEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


EXPLANATION OF NEGATIVE: MARBURGER: I wish to change my vote from affirmative to

negative. I agree withJeffwey Shapiro's substantiation that the proposer's intent is currently addressed and that lower pressure in sizing of pipe under 5.7 could lead to undersized pipe.

An automatic supply is not required in 5.7 nor 7.1 and the restrictions on manual standpipes are provided in 3-4.

SHAPIRO: The change desired by the proponent is already provided for in NFPA 14. The proponent has indicated that it is

408

N F P A 1 4 - - F 9 9 R O P

unnecessary to require the automatic water source for sprinklered low- and mid-rise buildings to fulfill both sprinkler and standpipe demands. NFPA 14, as currently written, agrees with this philosophy. In fact, the standard goes a step further because it doesn't even require an automatic water supply for Class I standl?ipe systems in non-sprinklered low- and mid-rise buildings.

Sectaon $-4 handles this matter by only prohibiting manual standpipes in high-rise buildings and for Class II and Class Ill systems. Thereby, the standard allows manual systems in low- and mid-rise buildings regardless of whether a sprinkler system is provided.

When sprinkler sffstem is provided in such buildings, there is no requirement in NFPA 14 that a Class I standpipe system demand be automatically supplied just because the standpipe system has water in it to feed sprinklers. A system with combined risers feeding sprinklers and standpipes would simply be classified as a manual-wet standpipe system, and the only required water supply to meet the standpipe demand would be the fire department connection.

Changing Section 5-7, ~s proposed by the proponent and approved by the committee, would likely lead to misapplications of the standard because a combined manual-wet standpipe/sprinkler system (with the standpipe demand supplied only by a fire department connection) could end-up with undersized piping. Given that the end-of-system pressure requirement could be reduced, greater friction loss would be allowed in system piping, and smaller pipe sizes could be used. It might then be difficult for fire apparatus to deliver adequate pressure to standpipe outlets for fire fighting purposes if the sprinkler system fails to control a fire.

Although a clarification of the standard is probably in order, considering that both the Northeast Regional Fire Code Development Committee and the Committee on Standpipes have both overlooked the intended application of Section 5-4.1, the proposed change is not a proper fix. Instead, it encourages misapplication of the standard.

Note that the intended application of NFPA 14, as described above, is documented in the NFPA Handbook, Eighteenth Edition, page 6-252.

(Log #1O) 14- 25 - (5-9.1.1 Exception (New)): Accept in Principle SUBMrlTEP.: Tariq Bsharat, Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Add an Exception to 5-9.1.1 to read as follows:

Exceotion: For Class I and III systems, the minimum flow rate for the hydraulically most remote standnine shall be 250 ~,om if that standnine only has one hose outieL SUBSTAI~'I;IATION: In structures such as auditoriums where the standpipe system has only one level, it is unreasonable to expect flow of 500 gpm through a single outlet. COMMITrEE ACTION: Accept in Principle. COMMITrEE STATEMENT: See Committee Proposal 14-6 (Log #CP14). NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #CP9) 14- 26 - (5-15): Accept SUBMITTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add Chapter 6 "Master Streams" of NFPA 24 to new Section 5-14 as follows (Section numbers in parenthesis are from NFPA 24):

5-15" (24-6-1") Master Streams. 5.15.1 Master streams are delivered by monitor nozzles, hydrant- mounted monitor nozzles and similar master stream equipment capable of delivering more than 250 gpm (946 L/rain).

A-5-15 Typical Master Stream Devices. Figures A-5-15(a) and (b) (Figures 24-A-6-1 (a) and (b)) 5-15.2 (24-6-2) Application. Master streams shall be provided as

protection for large amounts of combustible materials located in yards, average amounts of combustible materials in inaccessible locations, or occupancaes presenting special hazards as required by the authority having jurisdiction. SUBSTANTIATION: Chapter 6 "Master Streams" of NFPA 24 addresses the design of master streams and is added to Chapter 5

"Design" of NFPA 14. See also Committee Proposal 14-1 (Log #CP1). COMMITI'EE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


27

(Log #CP5) 14- 27 - (Chapter 8): Accept SUBMITTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Insert a new Chapter 8 "Water Supply Testing", renumber existing chapters accordingly. New Chapter 8 to read as follows:

Chapter 8 Water Supply Testing 8-1" (291-1-1) Introduction. A water flow test shall be conducted

on the water distribution system to determine the rate of flow and pressures available for system design and for fire-fighting purposes.

A-8-1 (291-1-1) Additional benefit is derived from water flow tests by the indication of possible deficiencies (such as tuberculation of piping, closed valves or other obstructions) which should be corrected to provide adequate water flows.

8-2 (291-2-2) Procedure. Tests shall be made during a period of expected normal demand. The procedure shall consist of discharging water at a measured rate of flow from the system at a given location and observing the corresponding pressure drop in the mains.

8-2.1 (new) Tests for the purpose of system design shall not be conducted more than nine months prior to the commencement of the system installation. SUBSTANTIATION: This proposal incorporates Chapter 2 of NFPA 291 into NFPA 14 as a required test procedure. The committee has also added a requirement for water flow testing to be performed for each standpipe installation such that the standpipe system design is based upon flow test data that is no more than nine months old. Editorial changes have been made to elifninate unenforceable language where appropriate. Where the text could not or should not be included as enforceable, the text was incorporated as appendix material. See also Committee Proposal 14-1 (Log#CP1). COMMITI'EE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITYEE ACTION:


EXPLANATION OF NEGATIVE: BROWN: No technical justification was provided for the nine

month time frame. Depending on the stabilit~ of the water supply system the 9 month time may be either excesstve or inadequate.

MARBURGER: Revise new paragraph 8-2.1 as follows: "Tests for the purpose of system design shall not be conducted

more than nine months prior to inclusion of that design in the documents upon which the permit for construction is applied."

Substantiation: The issue is one of design, not installation. If the Committee is concerned about changes in the water supply, this should be addressed in the l~reconstruction and approval phases by contingencies or other cnteria~ There is no justification for potentially impacting construction and requiring last minute, post approval, redesign by the contractor. The result of dating the acceptability of design criteria by the commencements o f system installation. A date that will not be documented or enforceable.

(Log #11) 14- 28- (10-1.2.4): Reject SUBMITTER: Richard W. Bonds, Ductile Iron Pipe Research Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Also reference:

AWWA C105, Polyethylene Encasement For Ductile Iron Pipe Systems, 1993.

AWWA Cl15, Flanged Ductile Iron Pipe With Ductile Iron or Gray Iron Threaded Flanges, 1994.

AWWA C153, Ductile Iron Compact Fittings, 3 in. Through 24 in. And 54 in. Through 64 in. For Water Service, 1994.

AWWA C60O, Installation Of Ductile Iron Water Mains And Their ~A~X~rAenan ces, 1993.

C606, Grooved and Shouldered Joints, 1997. Also, AWWA C151's title has been changed to: "Ductile Iron Pipe,

Centrifugally Cast for Water ?m~ O'~hcr L ' q u ' ~ ," 1996.

409

N F P A 14 - - F 9 9 R O P

SUBSTANTIATION: AWWA C105 is specified for corrosion protection of buried ductile iron pipe and should be referenced.

AWWA C115, C153, and C606 are common standards specified for flanged ductile iron pipe, fittings, and grooved and shouldered joints and should be referenced.

AWWA (3600 is the installation standard for ductile iron pipe which should be referenced. COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: Reference in Chapter 10 is not consistent with the NFPA Manual of Style since the proposed documents are not referenced in the text of the standard. The contents of the proposed documents were not provided for committee consideration. NUMBER OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #12) 14- 29 - (A-2-5.1): Accept in Principle SUBMITrER: Tariq Bsharat, Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn. RECOMMENDATION: Delete Section A-2-5.1. SUBSTANTIATION: This appendix item does not relate to Section 2-5.1 (Hangers). The last paragraph implies that an internal fire department connection is required on all systems. This is inappropriate for an appendix item. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept in Principle.

[ Relocate the existing text to section A-5-8.2 COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The guidance provided by this existing section is useful and should be relocated to an

riate section of the appendix. R O F COMMITTEEMEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27

VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION: AFFIRMATIVE: 22 NOT RETURNED: 5 Beard, Braga, Laverick, Naylor, Silk

(Log #CP7) 14- 30 - (A-2-10): Accept SUBMITTER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add Chapter $ of NFPA 291 to Section A- 2-10 as follows (Section numbers in parenthesis are from NFPA 291):

A-2-10 (291-3-1) Classification of Hydrants. Hydrants should be classified in accordance with their rated capacities (at 20 psi [1.4 bar] residual pressure or other designated value) as follows:

Class AA - - Rated capacity of 1,500 gpm or greater (5,680 L/rain)

Class A - - Rated capacity of 1,000-1,499 gpm (3,785-5,675 L/min) Class B - - Rated capacity of 500-999 gpm (1,900, 3,780 L/min) Class C - - Rated capacity of less than 500 gpm (1,900 L/min) A-2-10.1 (291-3-2) Marking of Hydrants. A-2-10.2 (291-3-2.1) Public Hydrants. All barrels should be white

except in cases where another color has already been adopted. The tops and nozzle caps should be painted with the following capacity-indicating color scheme to provide simplicity and consistency with colors used in signal work for safety, danger, and intermediate condition:

Class AA - - Light blue Class A - - Green Class B - - Yellow Class C - - Red For rapid identification at night, it is recommended that the

capacity colors be of a reflective-type paint. Hydrants rated at less than 20 psi (1.4 bar) should have the rated

pressure stenciled in black on the hydrant top. In addition to the painted top and nozzle caps, it may be

advantageous to stencil the rated capacity of high volume hydrants on the top.

The classification and marking of hydrants provided for in this I chapter anticipate determination based on individual flow test.

Where a group of hydrants can be used at the time of a fire, some special marking designating group-flow capacity may be desirable.

A-2-10.3 (291-3-2.2) Flush Hydrants. Location markers for flush hydrants should carry the same color background as stated above for class indication, with such other data stenciled thereon as deemed necessary.

A-2-10.4 (291-3-2.3) Private Hydrants. Marking on private h ~ t s within private enclosures is to be at t h e o w n e r ' s

on. When private hydrants are located on public streets, they should be pa, nted red, or some other color, to distinguish them from public hydrants.

A-2-10.5 Permanently Inoperative Hydrants. Fire hydrants that are permanently inoperative should be removed. Prior to removal, hydrants should be p.ainted black.

A-2-10.6 Temp ~ranly Inoperative Hydrants. Fire hydrants that are tel ~orar ly inoperative or unusable should be wrapped, bagged or otherwise provided with visible indication of their condition. SUBSTANTIATION: Chapter 3 is added to Appendix Section A-2-10 since color coding of hydrants should remain advisory. See Committee Action and Statement on Proposal 291-3 (Log #1) and 291-4 (Log #2) included as part of this report. See also, Committee Proposal 14-1 (Log #CP1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. N U M B E R O F COMMITTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITTEE ACTION:


(Log #CPll) 14- 31 - (A-5-g.l.3.1): Accept SUBMITrER: Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add the sketch in FI 86-8 to appendix section A-5-9.1.3.1 show examples of piping arrangements as Figures A and B.

Indicating-type floor control valve with supervisory switch / Pressure gauge

L / ~ W a t e r f l o w switch

] [ ~vin o-flow ..... Sectional oouivalent to_ " ~ " [ drain

~" the smallest ~ "I-l" ~ ~ valye I sprinkler . . . . " ~ Test v~dve

orifice in ~ liser the s y = ~

To drain

F'tgure A-5-9.1.3.1(a) F l o o r c o n t r o l valve.

Drain dse~

OS&Y valve with tamper 2½ in To sprinlder ,,< ~ I~] ~:~z ,,,. system

# 2½ in, ~

' = - f t - - . . ~ - - n Y ~ , - , ~ i Inspectors , __ ~ B a ~ test and drain

' Fire hose vaive

H 6 in. combination i ~ I riser ES.P and ! sprinkler I

Figure A-5-9.1.$.l(b) F l o o r c o n t r o l valve.

410

N F P A 1 4 m F 9 9 R O P

SUBSTANTIATION: This clarifies the text and retires H 86-8, to indicate two possible acceptable piping arrangements. COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept. NUMBER OF COMMrrTEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 27 VOTE ON COMMITIT_,E ACTION:

AFFIRMATIVE: 22 NOT RETURNED: 5 Beard, Braga, Lavefick, Naylor, Silk

(Log #CP15) 14- 32 - (Appendix B): Accept SUBMrFIT~ Technical Committee on Standpipes RECOMMENDATION: Add a new Section B-1 and renumber accordingly.

B-I* (291-2-$) Test Method.

B-I.I After the location where the test is to be conducted has been determined, a group of test hydrants in the vicinity shall be selected. Once selected, due consideration shall be given to potential interference with traffic flow patterns, damage to surroundings (e.g., roadways, sidewalks, landscapes, vehicles, and pedestrians), and potential flooding problems both local and remote from the test site. One hydrant, designated the residual hydrant, shall be chosen to be the hydrant where the normal static pressure will be observed with the other hydrants in the group closed, and where the residual pressure will be observed with the other hydrants flowing. This hydrant is chosen so it will be located between the hydrant and to be flowed and the l.ar~e mains that constitute the immediate sources of water supply m the area. In Figure 8-3, test layouts are indicated showing the residual hydrant designated with R and hydrants to be flowedwith the letter F. The number of hydrants to be used in any test depends upon the strength of the distribution system in the vicinity of the test location. To obtain satisfactory test results of theoretical calculation of expected flows or rated capacities, sufficient discharge shall be achieved to cause a drop in pressure at the residual hydrant of at least 25 percent, or to flow the total demand necessary for the system demand or fire-fighting purposes.

It is preferable to flow water past the residual hydrant.

B-1.2 (291-2-3) ff the mains are small and the system weak, only one or two hydrants need to be flowed. If, on the other hand, the mains are large and the system strong, it may be necessary to flow as many as seven or eight hydrants.

It is preferable to flow water past the residual hydrant.

°

Note: Circles drawn about residual hydrant. Arrow denotes flow direction in main.

B-2* Figure B-1 (291-2-3) Suggested flow test layouts.

(291-2-4) Equipment.

B-2.1 The equipment necessary for field work consists of a single 200-psi (14-bar) bourdon pressure gauge with 2-psi (0.1578 bar) graduations, a number of Pitot tubes, hydrant wrenches, 50- or 60- psi (3.5- or 4.0-bar) bourdon pressure gauges with 1-psi (0.0689 bar) graduations, and scales with 1/16-in. (1.6-mm) graduations (one Pitot tube, a 50- or 60-psi [3.5- or 4.0-bar] gauge, a hydrant wrench, and a scale for each hydrant to be flowed), and a special hydrant cap tapped with a hole into which a short length of 1/4-in. (6.35-mm) brass pipe is fitted. This pipe is provided with a T connection for the 200-psi (14-bar) gauge and a cock at the end for relieving air pressure. >dl pressure gauges should be calibrated at least every 12 months, or more frequently depending on use.

11-2.2 (291-2-4) When more than one hydrant is flowed, it may be desirable and necessar¢ to use portable radios to facilitate communications. It is preferred to use an Underwriter's Playpipe, or other stream straightener, when testing hydrants due to a more streamlined flow and more accurate pitot reading.

B-S* (291-2-5) Test Procedure.

B-$.I In a typical test, the 200-psi (14 bar) gauge is attached to one of the 2 1/2-in. (6.4-cm) outlets of the residual hydrant using the special cap, the cock on the gauge piping is opened, and the hydrant valve is opened full. As soon as the air is exhausted from the barrel, the cock is closed. A reading (static pressure) is taken when the needle comes to rest. At a given signal each of the other hydrants is opened in succession, with discharge taking place directly from the open hydrant butts. Hydrants should be opened one at a time. With all hydrants flowing, water should be allowed to flow for a sufficient time to dear all debris and foreign substances from the stream(s). At that time, a signal is given to the people at the hydrants to read the Pitot pressure of the streams simultaneously while the residual pressure is being read. The final magnitude of the pressure drop can be controlledby the number of hydrants used and the number of outlets opened on each.

B-$.2 (291-2-5) After the readings have been taken, hydrants should be shut down slowly, one at a time, to prevent undue surges ;.n the system.

B.4 (291-2-6) Pltot Readings.

B-4.1 When measuring discharge from open hydrant butts, 2 1/2- in. (6.4-cm) outlets rather than pumper outlets shall be used.

B-4.2 (291-2-6) In practically all cases, the 2 1/2-in. (6.4-cm) outlets are filled across the entire cross section during flow, while in the case of the larger oudets there is very frequently a void near the bottom. When measuring the Pitot pressure of a stream of dPractically uniform velocity, the orifice in the Pitot tube is held

owustream approximately one-half the diameter of the hydrant outlet or nozzle opening, and in the center of the stream. The center line of the orifice should be at fight angles to the plane of the face of the hydrant outlet. The air chamber on the Ptt" ot tube should be kept elevated. Pitot readings of less than 10 psi (.7 bar) and more than 30 psi (2.0 bar) should be avoided, if possible. Opening addltionalhydrant outlets will aid in controlling the Pitot reading. With dry barrel hydrants, the hydrant valve should be wide open. This minimizes problems with underground drain valves. With wet barrel hydrants, the waive for the flowing outlet should be wide open. This gives a more streamlined flow and a more accurate Pitot reading. (See Figure 8-6.)

Pressure gauge ~ ! / Water stream

=~11 ~ I/Pitot odfice ' ~ I~ <

Air-release cock Blade~,.~ ~ ID/2 ~11 ~ I~Ib'-~HY drant Outlet Or ~J " [D nozzle opening

Figure Bat (291-2-6) Pitot tube position.

11-5 • (291-2-7) Determination of Discharge. At the hydrants used for flow during the test, the discharges from the open butts shall be determined from measurements of the diameter of the outlets flowed, the pitotpressure (velocity head) of the streams as indicated by the Pitot gauge readings, and the coefficient of the outlet being flowed as determined from Figure 8-7. If flow tubes (stream straighteners) are being utilized, a coefficient of 0.95 is shall be used unless the coefficient of the tube is known.

The formula used to compute the discharge, O~ in gpm from these measurements is:

Q = 29.83 cd2~J-P (a)

where c is the coefficient of discharge (see Figure B-5 (291-2-7)),

d the diameter of the outlet in inches, and

p the pitot pressure (velocity head) in psi

411

N F P A 14 1 F 9 9 R O P

Outlet smooth and rounded

coef. 0.90

Outlet square and sharp coef. 0.80

Outlet square and projecting into barrel

coef. 0.70

Figure B-5 (291-2-7) Three general types o f hydrant outlets and their coefficients of discharge.

B-6 (291-2-8) Use o f P u m p e r Outlets . If it is necessary to use a p u m p e r oudet , and flow tubes (s t ream st ra ighteners) are no t available, the best results are ob ta ined with the pi to t pressure (velocity head) ma in t a ined between 5 psi and 10 psi (.3 bar a n d .7 bar). For p u m p e r outlets, the approx imate discharge can be c o m p u t e d f rom equat ion (a) us ing the pitot pressure (velocity head) at the center o f the s t ream and mult iplying the result by one of the coefficients in Table B-6, d e p e n d i n g u p o n the pitot pressure (velocity head) . These coefficients are appl ied in addi t ion to the coefficient in equat ion (a) and are for average type hydrants .

Table B-6 (291-2-8) Pumper Oudet Coefficients Pitot Pressure (Velocit~ Head) Coefficient 2 psi (0.14 bar) 0.97 3 psi (0.21 bar) 0.92 4 psi (0.28 bar) 0.89 5 psi (0.35 bar) 0.86

~p si (0.41 bar) 0.84 psi (0.48 bar) and over 0.83

B-7 (291-2-9) Determination of Discharge Without a Pitot. If a Pitot tube is n o t available for use to measu re the hydrant discharge, a 50- or 60-psi (3.5 or 4.0 bar) gauge tapped into a hydran t cap may be used. T h e hydran t cap with gauge a t tached is placed on one outlet, and the flow is allowed to take place t h rough the o ther out let at the same elevation. T he readings obta ined f rom a gauge so located, and the readings obta ined f rom a gauge on a Pitot tube held in the s t ream, are approximate ly the same.

B-8 (291-2-10) Calculation Results.

B-8.1 (291-2-10.1) T he discharge in g p m ( L / m i n ) for each outlet f lowed is obta ined f rom the discharge tables in B-8.1 or by the use o f formula (a). If m o r e than one out let is used, the discharges f rom all are added to obta in the total discharge.

The fo rmula which is general ly used to compu te the discharge at the specified residual pressure or for any desired pressure drop is f o rmu la (b):

h r TM Q R = Q F × i (b)

h f0.54 Q~ = flow predic ted at desi red residual pressure O~ = total flow measu red du r ing test h r = pressure drop to des i red residual p ressure h f = pressure drop measu red du r i ng test In this equat ion, any uni ts of discharge or pressure d rop may be

used as long as the same units are used for each value o f the same variable. In o ther words, if QR is expressed in gpm, Qv mus t be in

pm, and if h r is expressed in psi, h r mus t be expressed in psi. ese are the units which are normal ly used in applying fo rmula

(b) to fire flow test computa t ions .

B-8.2 (291-2-10,2) Discharge Calculations from Table. O n e m e a n s of solving this equa t ion without the use of logar i thms is by us ing Table B-8.2. This table gives the values of t h e 0.54 power of the n u m b e r s f rom 1 to 175. Knowing the values o f h f , hr, and Qv, the values of he °'s4 a n d b, °'54 can be read f rom the table a n d formula (b) solved for Qa. Results are usually carried to the neares t 100 g p m (380 L / m i n ) for discharges o f 1,000 g p m (3,800 L / m i n ) or more , and to the nea res t 50 g p m (190 L / m i n ) for smal ler discharges,

which is as close as can be jus t i f ied by the degree of accuracy of the fie[d observations.

B-9 (291-2-11) Data Sheet. The data secured du r ing the testing of hydrants for un i fo rm mark ing can be valuable for o ther purposes. With this in mind , it is sugges ted tha t the fo rm shown in Figure B-9 be used to record in format ion tha t is taken. The back of the form shou ld inc lude a location sketch. W h e n the tests are complete, the forms shou ld be filed for fu ture reference by interes ted parties.

f Hydrant Flow Test Report

Location

Test made by

Representative of

Witness

State purpose of test

Date i

Time .M

Consumption rate dudng test

If pumps affect test, indicate pumps operating

Flow hydrants: A1 "~2

Size nozzle Pitot reading Discharge coefficient GPM

Static B

Projected results

A T A4

Total GPM

psi Residual B psi

@20 psi Res idua l I gpm; o r @ m p s i Residual Igpm

Remarks:

Location map: Show line sizes and distance to next cross connected line. Show valves and hydrant branch size, Indicate north. Show flowing hydrants- Label A., A.. A., A.. Show Iocation of static and rasiduaI- Label B. i z ~ 4

Indicate B Hydrant I S p r i n l d e r I Other (identify)

Figure B-9 (291-2-11)Sample hydrant flow test report.

B-1O (291-2-12) System Corrections. It m u s t be r e m e m b e r e d tha t flow test results show the s t rength o f the distr ibution system and do no t necessarily indicate the degree of adequacy of the entire water works system. Cons ider a system suppl ied by p u m p s at one locat ion and having no elevated storage. If the pressure at the p u m p stat ion drops dur ing the test, it is an indicat ion tha t the dis t r ibut ion system is capable of delivering m o r e than the p u m p s can deliver at their normal opera t ing pressure. It is necessary to use a value for the drop in pressure for the test which is equal to the actual drop obta ined in the field du r ing the test, minus the drop in discharge pressure at the p u m p i n g station. If sufficient p u m p i n g capacity is available at the station and the discharge pressure could be ma in t a ined by opera t ing addit ional pumps , the water system as a whole could deliver the c o m p u t e d quantity. If, however, addi t ional p u m p i n g uni ts are no t available, the dis t r ibut ion system would be capable of del ivering the c o m p u t e d quantity, bu t the water system as a whole would be l imited by the p u m p i n g capacity. The por t ion of the pressure drop for which a correct ion can be made for tests on systems with s torage is general ly es t imated u p o n the basis o f a s tudy of all the tests m ad e and the pressure drops observed on the record ing gauge at the stat ion for each. The correct ions may vary f rom very substantial por t ions of the observed pressure drops for tests nea r the p u m p i n g station, to zero for tests remote f rom the station.

Reinser t the last sen tence in Section 2-3 (NFPA 291).

4 1 2

N F P A 14 - - F 9 9 R O P

Table B-8.1 (291-2-10.1)Theoretical Discharge Through CArcular Orifices (United States Gallons of Water per Minute)

Pitot Velocity Pressure Discharge,

psi ~ ft/sec (kPa) (m/s)

1 2.31 ] 2.20 (6.89) (0.70) (3.72)

2 4.61 17.25 (13.8) (1.41) (5.26)

3 6.92 ~'1.13 (20.7) (2.11) (5.44)

4 9.23 24.39 (27.6) (2.81) (7.43)

5 11.54 27.26 (34.5) (3.52) (,~.31)

6 13.84 ~>9.8 7 (41.4) (4.22) (9.10)

7 16.15 $,2.26 (48.3) (4.92) (9.83)

8 18.46 -¢,4.49

' ' - - - - " " . . . . I B t kL: .'2 ~o) ! I l t O I O I I I l l [e] ~1 ~r ' t i i l H I (,~o) i I I ~:{

r7:~l I ' t1~ t * i ! ~ 3 l i l l ~ I l l i l l V ~ ; l l i l l i , ~ i I I l l E t ; i l ~ l i r l l f ~ I I ! l i I ~ , _ ~ i ! , ~ } i l i } i i . ~ [ ~ ! I ~ " ~ :JI l l ~ l i i l B I : f i l l i l l ~ l l i l l BOle ~ l i l R O l l [ ~ l e i l l i ~ ; i l l i f¢ . l l l?l i i l ! ~ ~ l

[eT]i iI i !1t !~ I ( II 63"~ [i~J -*I Iiel i :~:I • I I Inl CiIl II k~ll iI~ li~ iiiI Ii~;tl~; ~ ~i~iI I~7~il Ii ollil [] i I

I!I5I I51,I II]~I I'~II I~YI IIII Ilg~I I:~I ~ ~ I~I[l iIl~lilI IiI,I[OI III~llill llIIlrlill l¥li[~IlI Ilel,.l~ilI Ii~.~I~ll IgI[~.lil Igl~KIIII I I Igl,_~II IlII IilI I"~lIi II)~I I,.-'iigI Ii~iI II~lI IIiiiI Ill~III~II

(55.2) ( 5 . 6 3 ) (10.51) (1280) (1620) ( 1 8 0 0 ) ( 2 0 0 0 ) ( 2 2 0 0 ) (2410) (2880) ( 3 3 8 0 ) (3910) (4490) I (5110) (6~_70) 9 20.76 .'2,6.58 358 453 505 560 617 677 806 946 1097 1259 1433 1815

(62.0) (6.33) (] 1.15) (1360) (1710) ( 1 9 1 0 ) (2120) ( 2540 ) (2560) (3050) ( 3 5 8 0 ) ( 4 1 5 0 ) (4770) (5420) (6860) 10 23.07 .~,8.56 378 478 532 590 650 714 850 997 1156 1327 1510 1910

(68.9) (7.03) (] 1.75) (1430) (1810 ( 2 0 1 0 ) ( 2 2 3 0 ) ( 2 4 6 0 ) (2700) (3220) ( 3 7 7 0 ) (4380) (5020) (5710) (7250) 11 25.38 40.45 396 501 553 619 682 759 891 1046 1213 1392 1584 2010

(75.8) (7.73) (]2.$3) (1500) (1900) (2110) (2340) (2580) (2830) (3370) ( 5 9 6 0 ) (4590) (5270) (5990) (7580) 12 27.68 ~2.24 414 524 583 646 712 782 931 1092 1267 1454 1655 2100

(82.7) ( 8 . 4 4 ) (]2.87) (1560) (1980 ( 2 2 1 0 ) (2450) ( 2 6 9 0 ) (2960) (3520) ( 4 1 3 0 ) (4800) 5500) (6260 (7920) 13 29.99 ~3.97 431 545 607 673 741 814 969 1137 1318 1515 172~ 2180

(89.6) ( 9 . 1 4 ) (]3.40) (1630) (2060) ( 2300 ) ( 2 5 5 0 ) ( 2 8 0 0 ) (3080) (3670) (43 (D) (4990) (5730) (6520) (8240) 14 32.30 ,~5.63 447 566 630 698 769 845 1005 1180 1368 1572 1787 2260

(96.5) ( 9 . 8 4 ) (13.91) (1690) (2140) ( 2 3 8 0 ) (2640) ( 2 9 1 0 ) (3200) (3800) ( 4470 ) (5180) (5950) (6760) (8550) 15 54.61 47.22 465 586 652 722 796 874 1040 1221 1416 1626 1849 2340

(103) (10.55) (]4.59) (1750) ( 2220 ) ( 2 4 7 0 ) ( 2 7 3 0 ) ( 3 0 1 0 ) (3310) (3940) ( 4620 ) (5360) 6150) (7000 (8850) 16 36.91 48.78 478 605 673 746 8~2 903 1075 1261 1463 1679 1910 2420

(110) (11.25) (14.87) (1810) (2290) ( 2 5 5 0 ) ( 2 8 2 6 ) ( 3 1 1 0 ) (3426) (4070) ( 4770 ) ( 5 5 4 0 ) 6860) (7230 (9140) 17 39.22 50.28 4°2, 625 694 769 848 981 1108 1300 1508 1751 1969 2500

(117) (11.95) (]5.33) (1870) (2360) ( 2 6 3 0 ) ( 2 9 1 0 ) ( 3 2 1 0 ) (3529) " (4190) ( 4 9 2 0 ) (5710) (6550) (7540) (9430) 18 41.53 51.7'3 507 642 714 791 872 958 1140 1338 1551 1781 2026 2570

(124) (12.66) (15.77) (1920) (2450) (2700) (2990) (5500) (5650) (4310) (5060) (5870) (6740) (7670) (9700) 19 43.83 53.15 521 659 733 813 896 984 1171 1374 1594 1850 208'~ 2640

(131) (13.$6) (]6.20) 1970) (2490) ( 2 7 7 0 ) ( 5 0 8 0 ) ( 5 3 9 0 ) (3720 (4430) ( 5 2 0 0 ) (6030) (6929) (7870) (9970) 20 46.14 54.54 534 676 753 834 920 1010 1291 1410 1635 1877 2136 2710

(138) (14.06) (]6.62) 2020) (2560) ( 2 8 5 0 ) ( 3 1 6 0 ) ( 5 4 8 0 ) (3826) (4540) ( 5 3 3 0 ) (6180 ( 7 1 0 0 ) (8080) (10200) 22 50.75 57.19 560 709 789 875 964 1059 1260 1479 1715 19(D 2240 2840

(152) (15.47) (]7.43) 2120) (2680) ( 2 9 9 0 ) ( 3 3 1 0 ) ( $ 6 5 0 ) (4000) (4770) ( 5 5 9 0 ) (6490) (7540) (8470) (10700) 24 55.57 59.74 585 741 8~4 914 1007 1106 1516 1545 1791 2056 2540 2970

(165) 06.88) (]8.21) 2210) (2800) 3120) ( 3 4 6 0 ) ( $ 8 1 0 ) ( 4 1 8 0 (4980) ( 5 8 4 0 ) (6770) (7780) (8850) (11200) 26 59.98 62.18 609 771 858 951 1048 1151 1370 1608 1864 2140 2435 3090

(179) (18.28 (18.95) (2500) (2910) ( 3 2 5 0 ) (5600) ( 3 9 7 0 ) ( 4 3 5 0 (5180) ( 6 0 8 0 ) (7050) (8100) (9210) (11700) 28 64.60 64.52 632 800 890 967 1088 1194 1422 1668 1955 2221 2527 3210

(193) (19.69) (19.67) (2590) (5020) ( 8 5 7 0 ) (3750) ( 4 1 2 0 ) (4520) (5380) ( 6 3 1 0 ) (7320 (8400) (9560) (12100) 30 69.21 66.79 654 828 922 1022 1126 1236 1472 1727 2003 2299 2616 3320

(207) (21.10) (20.36) (2470) ($150) ($490) ($860 ( 4 2 6 0 ) (4680) (5570) (6550) (7570) (8700) 0890) (12500) 52 73.82 68.98 676 856 952 -1055 1163 1277 1520 1784 2069 2375 2702 5430

(221) i(22.50) (21.03) (2550) (3230) (3600) (3990 ( 4 4 0 0 ) (4850) (5750) ( 6 7 5 0 ) (7820) (8980) (10200) (12900) 34 78.44 ?1.10 697 882 981 1088 1199 1316 1566 1838 2132 2448 2785 3540

(234) :(25.91 (~.',1.67) (2640) (3340) ( 5 7 1 0 ) (4129) ( 4540 ) (4980) (5930) ( 6 9 6 0 ) (8070) (9270) (10540) (13300) 36 83.05 73.16 717 908 1010 1119 1253 1354 1612 1892 2194 2519 2866 3640

(248) (25.31) (22.30) (2710) (3440) 13820) (4240) ( 4670 ) (5129) (6100) (7160) (8500) (9556) (10850) (18800) 58 87.67 75.17 736 952 1037 1150 1267 13~ 1656 1944 2254 2588 2944 3740

(262) (26.72) (~:2.91) (2790) (3556) ( 5 9 5 0 ) (4350 ( 4 8 0 0 ) (5270) (6270) ( 7 3 6 0 ) (8530) (9800) (11140) (14100) 40 92.28 77.11 755 956 1064 1180 1300 1428 1699 1994 2513 2655 $021 5840

(276) (28.15) (25.50) (2860) (3626) ( 4 0 3 0 ) (4470 ( 4 9 2 0 ) (5400) (6430) (7550) (8750) (10050) (11430) (14500) 42 96.89 79.03 774 ~ 0 1091 1209 1332 1463 1741 2943 2370 2721 3095 5935

(290) (29.53) (24.09) (2930) ( 3710 ) ( 4 1 3 0 ) (4580) ( 5 0 4 0 ) (5540) (6590) ( 7 7 3 0 ) (8970) (10300) (11710) (14800) 44 101.51 80.88 792 1003 1116 1257 1364 1497 1782 2691 2426 2785 $168 4030

(505) (50.94) (24.65) (3 (DO) (~8(D) (4220) (4680) (5160) (5670) (6740) (7910) (9180) (10540) (119~) (152(10) 46 106.1~ 82.70 810 1025 1141 1265 1394 1551 1822 2138 2480 2847 3239 4120

(317) (32.35) (25.21) ($070) (3880) ( 4 5 2 0 ) (4790) (528O) (5790) (690O) ( 8 0 9 0 ) (9590) (10780) (12260) (15500) 48 110.7,~ 84.48 8~8 1047 1166 1293 1424 1564 1861 2184 2583 2908 3309 4295

(351) (53.75) (25.75) (5150) (3960) ( 4 4 1 0 ) (4890) ( 5 8 9 0 ) (5920) (7040) ( 8 2 7 0 ) (9587) 11010) (12526) (15800)

413

N F P A 14 D F 9 9 R O P

T~leB-&I ~ t - ~ 1 0 . 1 / C o n ~ e e d

50 115.85 86.22 845 1069 1190 1319 1454 ~ 1596 1900 [ 2229 r 2586 - 2068 - 3377 I 4290 (345) (35.16) (26.28) (3200) (4050) (4500) (4990) (5500) .(6040) (7190) / (8440) (9790) (11230) (12780)(16200)

52 119.96 87.93 861 1091 1213 1345 1482 1628 1937 2274 2637 3027 3444 4375 (358) , (36.57), (26.80) (3260) (4130) (4590) (5090) (5610) (6160) (7330) I (8610) (9980) (11460) (13040) (16500)

54 124.58 89.61 ' 878 ' 1111 ' 1237 ' 1371 ' 1511 ' 1659 ' 1974 ~ 2317 ' 2687 ' 8085 ' 3510 ' 4460 (372) (37.97) (27.31) (3320) (4200) (4680) (5190) (5720) (6280) ( 7 4 7 0 ) ( 8 7 7 0 ) i ( 1 0 1 7 0 ) (11680) (13290) (16800)

56 129.19 91.20 894 1132 1259 1396 1538 1689 2010 2359 2736 3141 3574 4540 (386) ,($9.38), (27.80) (3380) (4280) , (4770) (5280) (1~5~0) (6590) (7610) (8930) ~ (10350) (11890) (13530) (17100)

58 133.81 92.87 ' 909 ' 1152 1282 ' 1421 ' 1 1719 ' 2046 ' 2401 2785 ' 3197 ' 3637 ' 4626 (400) (40.78) (28.31) (8440) (4550) (4850) (5570) (5920) (6500) (7740) (9080) (10580) (12090) (13760) (17400)

60 138.42 94.45 925 1171 1303 1445 1592 1749 2081 2442 2832 3252 3700 4700 (414) ,(42.19), (28.79) (5500) (4430) (4930) (5460) i (6050) (6610) (7870) (9240) (10710) (12500) (15990) i(17700)

62 143.03 96.01 ' - 9 4 1 ' 1191 ' 1325 ' 1470 1619 ' 1777 ' 2115 ' 2433 ' 2879 ' 3305 ' 3761 , 4775 (427) (43.60) (29.26) (3560) (4500) (5010) (5560) (6155) (6726) (8000) (9390) (10890) (12500) (14220) (18000)

64 147.65 97.55 956 1210 1346 1493 1645 1806 2149 2522 2925 $358 38"21 4850 (441) , (45.00), (29.73) ~ (3610) (4570) (5090) (5640) (6220) (6830) (8130) (95~) (11060) (12700) (14450) (18300)

66 152.26 99.07 I 971 ' 1228 ' 1357 ' 1516 ' 1670 'i 1834 ' 2183 ' ~ w ' 2971 ' 3410 ' 3880 ' 4925 (455) (46.41) (30.20) (3670) (4640) (5170) (5730) (6329) (6940) (8260) (9690) (11240) (12900) (14680) (18600)

68 156.88 100.55 °085 1247 1388 1539 1695 i 1862 2215 2600 3015 3462 3938 5000 (469) (47.82), (30.65) (5720) (4710) (5250) (5820) (64~0) i (7040) I (8380) (9835) (11400) (15090) (14900) (18900)

70 '161.49 102.03 ' 999 ' 1265 ' 1408 1 1561 ' , , , .v 1889 2248 ' 2658 ' 3059 ' 8512 1 $ 9 9 ~ ' 5075 (483) (49.22) (31.10) (8780) (4780) ( 5 3 3 0 ) ( 5 9 0 0 ) (6510) (7140) ~[ (8500) (9980) (11570) (13580) (15110) (19100)

72 166.10 103.47 1014 1233 1 4 2 8 1583 1745 1916 ! 2280 2675 3103 3562 4053 5140 (496) (50.65) (31.54) (3830) (4850) (5400) (5990) (6600) ( 7 2 5 0 ) (8620) (10120) (11730) (13470) (16355) (19400)

74 '170.72 ' 104.90 ' 1928 ' 1551 ' 1448 ' 1605 ' 1769 ' 1942 ' 2311 ' 2712 ' 3146 ' 3511 ' 4109 ' 5200 (510) (52.05) ($1.97) (3880) (4926) (5480) (6070) (6690) (7550) (8740) (10260) (11900) (13660) (15540) (19700)

76 175.38 I 106.30 1041 1318 1467 1627 1792 1968 2342 2749 3188 3560 4164 5265 (524) i (53.44) ~ (32.71)' ($940) (4980) (5550) (6156) (6780) (7440) (8860) (10400) (12060) (13840) (15750) (19900)

78 179 95 [ 107.69 ' 1055 ' 1335 ' 1486 ' 1648 ' 1816 ' 1994 ' 2373 ' 2785 ' 5230 ' 5708 ' 4218 ' 5340 (538) (54.85) ($2.82) (3990) (5050) (5620) (6230) (6870) (7540) (8970) (10530) (12210) (14020) (15950) (20200)

80 184.56 109.08 1068 1352 1505 1669 1889 2619 2405 2820 3271 3755 4272 5405 (552) ~ (56.25) (33.25) (4040) (5110) (5690) (6810) (6960) (7640) (9090) (10670) (12370) (14200) (16160) (26400)

82 189.17' 110.42 ' 1082 ' 1369 ' 1524 ' 1689 ' 1862 ' 2644 " 2433 'i 2855 " 3311 ' 3801 ' 4325 ' 5470 (565) (57.66) (33.66) (4090) (5180) (5770) (6390) (7040) (7730) (9200) i(10800) (12526) (14380) (16860) (20700)

84 193.79 111.76 1095 1386 1542 1710 1884 2069 2402 ! 2890 3351 3847 4377 5535 (579) ,(59.07), (34.06) , (4140), (5240) , (5840) , (6466) , (7150) , (7830) , (9510) , ( 1 0 9 3 0 ) ( 1 2 6 7 0 ) ( 1 4 5 5 0 ) ( 1 6 5 6 0 ) , (21000)

86 198.40 118.08 1170 1492 1561 1730 1 1907 2094 2491 2924 3391 3893 4429 5600 (595) (60.47) (34.47) (4190) (5300) (5900) (6540) i(7210) (7926) (9420) (11070) (12820) (14720) (16759) (21200)

88 263.02 114.39 1120 1419 1579 1750 ] 1929 2118 2520 2058 3455 3938 4480 5665 (607) (61.88) (34.87) (4240) (5360) (5970) (6626) I (7550) (8010) (9530) (11190) (12070) (14890) (16950) (21400)

90 '207.63 ' 115.68 ' 1133 ' 1454 ' 1596 ' 1770 1950 ' 2142 ' 2549 ' 2091 ' 3469 ' 3983 ' 4531 ' 5730 (626) (63.29) (85.26) (4280) (5420) (6040) (6890) (7380) (8100) (9640) (11310) (13126) (15060) (1714O) (21700)

92 212.24 116.96 1146 1450 1614 1789 1972 2165 2577 3024 3597 4027 [ 4581 5795 (634) , (64.69) (35.65) , (4330) , (5480) ~ (6110) , (6770) , (7460) , (8190) i (9750) , (11440) • (13260) , (15230) i (17355) (21900)

94 216.86 118.23 1158 1 4 6 6 1632 1809 1993 2189 I 2605 5557 8545 4 0 7 0 4631 5865 (648) (66.10) (86.04) (4380) (5540) (6170) (6840) (7540) (8280) (9850) (11560) (13410) (15590) (17510) (22200)

96 221.47 119.48 1170 1481 1649 1828 2014 2212 2632 3089 3583 4113 4680 5925 (662) ( 6 7 . 5 0 ) ($6.42) (4420) (5600) , (6240) , (6910) , (7620) , (8370) . (9960) , ( 1 1 6 8 0 ) ( 1 3 5 5 0 ) ( 1 5 5 6 0 ) ( 1 7 7 0 0 ) (22400)

98 226.09 120.71 1182 1497 1666 1847 2035 2285 2660 3121 3620 4156 4728 5985 (676) (68.91) (36.79) (4470) (5660) (6550) (6980) (7700) (3450) (10060) (11810) (13690) (15720) (17880) (226~) 100 230.70 121.94 1194 1512 1683 1866 2056 2258 2687 3153 3657 4198 4776 6045

(689) , (70.32) (37.17) , (4520) , (,5726) , (6370) , (7050) , (7780) , (8540) . (10160) , (11955) . (13830) , (15880) • (18060) , (22900) 102 2 3 5 . 3 1 123.15 1266 1527 1699 1884 2076 2280 2713 8184 3693 4240 4824 6100

(703) (71.72) (37.54) (4560) (5770) (6430) (7130) (7860) (8626) (10260) (12040) (13970) (16040) (18240) (23100) 104 239.93 124.35 1218 1542 1716 1903 2097 2302 2740 3215 3729 ~ 4281 4871 6150

(717) (73.13) (37.90) (4610) (5855) (6490) I (7190) (7955) (8710) (10360) (12150) (14100) ! (16190) (18420) (23300) 106 '244 .54 ' 125.55 l 1230 ' 1556 ' 1733 1 1921 ' 2117 ' 2324 ' 2766 ' $246 ' 3765 ] 4322 ' 4917 ' 6200

(731) (74.54) (38.27) (4650) (5890) (6560) [ (7260) (8010) (8790) (10460) (12280) (14240) (16350) (18600) (23500) 168 249.16 126.73 1241 1571 1749 1939 2137 2340 2792 3277 3800 4363 4963 6260

i ' (745) , (75.94) (38.65) (4690) (5940) , (6620) (7555) , (8680) , (8870) , (10560,) , (12590) • (14570) i (16500) • (18770) , (23800) 110 253.77 127.89 1253 1586 1765 . 1957 2156 2368 2818 3307 3835 , 4403 5009 6320

' (7400) (8160) (8960) (10660) (12510) (14500): (16656) (18950) (24000) (758) (77.$5) (38.98) (4640) (6000) (6680) l 112 258.38 129.05 1264 1600 1781 ~ 1974 2176 2389 2843 5337 3870 4443 5054 6380

(772) (78.76) ($9.35) (4780) (6050) (6740) ~ (7470) (8230) (9040) (10750) (12620) (14640) (16800) (19126) (24200) 114 '263.00 ' 155.29 ' 1 2 7 5 ' 1614 l 1 7 9 7 l 1 9 9 2 ' 2 1 9 5 ' 2 4 1 0 ' 2869 ' 3367 ' 3904 ' 4482 ' 5099 ' 6440

(786) (80.16) (39.68) (4820) (6100) (6800) (7555) (8310) (9120) (19859) (12780) (14770) (16950) (19290) (24400) 116 267.61 151.33 1286 1628 1812 2609 2214 2431 2894 $396 3938 4521 5144 6500

(800) i (81.57) (40.03) (4860) (6160) (6860) (7600) (8580) (9200) (10940) (12840) (14890) (17100) (19460) (24600) 118 272.23 132.46 l 1207 ' 1642 ' 1828 ' 2627 ' 2233 ' 2452 ' 2918 ' 5425 ' 3972 ' 4560 ' 5188 ' 6560

(813) (82.97) (40.37) (4910) (6210) (6920) (7660) (8450) (9280) (11040) (12950) (15020) (17250) (19620) (24800) 120 276.84 133.57 1558 1656 1843 2044 2252 2473 2943 3454 4006 4599 5232 6620

(827) , (84.38) (40.71) i (4950) (6260) (6970) (7730) (8529) (9550) (11155) (13060) (15150) (17390) (19790) (23000) 122 281.45 ' 134.69 1319 ' 1670 ' 1859 ' 2061 ' 2271 ' 2494 ' 2967 ' 3483 ' 4059 I 4637 ' 5275 ' 668O

(841) (85.79) (41.05) (4990) (6310) (7030) (7790) (8590) (0430) (11220) (13170) (15270) (17540) (19959) (25300) 124 286.07 135.79 1330 1684 1874 2677 2289 2514 2992 3511 4072 4075 5318 6740

(855) (87.19) (41.39) (5050) (6570) (7090) (7860) (8660) (9510) (11326) (13280) (15400) (17680) (20120) (25500)

4 1 4

N F P A 1 4 m F 9 9 R O P

Table B-8.1 Continued

126 290.68 136.88 1341 1697 1889 2094 2308 2634 3016 3539 4105 4712 5361 6800 (869) (88.60) (41.72) (5070) (6429) (7150) {7926 ) (8750) (9580) (11410) (13390) (15526) (17820) (2ff280) (25700) 128 295.30 137.96 1351 1711 1904 2111 2826 2554 3040 3567 4137 4749 5403 6850

(882) (90.01) (42.05) (5110) (6470) (7200) (7980) (8800) (9660) (11500) (13490) (15650) (17960) (20440) (25900) 130 299.91 ]39.03 1362 1724 1919 2127 2344 2574 3063 3595 4169 4786 5445 6900

(896) (91.41) (42.38) (5150) (6520) (7 '260) (8040) ( 8 8 7 0 ) (9740) (11590) (13500) (15770) (18100) (20600) (26100) 132 304.52 ]40.10 1372 1736 1933 2144 2352 2594 3087 3623 4201 4823 5487 6950

(910) (92.82) (42.70) (5190) (6570) (7320) (8110) ( 8 9 4 0 ) (9810) (11670) (13700) (15890) (18240) (20750) (26300) 154 509.14 141.16 1382 1749 1948 2160 2580 2613 3110 ~650 4255 4860 5529 7000

(924) (94.23) (43.03) (5250) (6620) ( 7 3 7 0 ) (8170) ( 9 0 1 0 ) (9880) (11760) (13800) (16010) (18380) (20910) (20500) 136 313.75 142.21 1392 1762 1982 2176 2398 2633 3133 3677 4625 4896 5570 7050

(938) (95.63) (43.35) (5270) (6670) ( 7 4 3 0 ) (8230) (9070) (9960) (11850) (13910) (16130) (18520) (21070) (26700) * 1 psi - - 2.307 ft of water, 1 kPa - - 0.102 m of water. For pressure in I~rs, multiply by 0.01. Notes to Table B-8-1 Note 1. This corresponds to velocity head. Note 2. This table is computed frm the formula Q = 29.SScdZ~p (Qm = 0"0666cd~pm) with c = 1.00. The theoretical discharge of sea water, as from fire-boat nozzle found by subtra£.ting 1 percent from the figures in the following table, or from the formula Q = 29,83cdNp (Qm = 0-065cd~m P.)" Appropriate coefficient should be applied where it is read from hydrant outlet. Where more acurate results are required, a coefficient appropriate on the

particular nozzle must be, selected and applied to the figures of the tableThe discharge from circular openings of sizes other than those in the table can readily be computed by applying the principle that quantity discharged under a given head varies as the square of the diameter of the opening.

Table B-8.2 1291-2-10.2 Values o f "h" to the 0.54 Power h h "~ h h"'~ h hU'~ h h ~ h h " ~ 1 1.00 $6 6.93 71 9.99 106 12.41 141 14.47 2 1.45 37 7.05 72 10.07 107 t 5 4 7 142 14.55 3 1.81 38 7.15 75 10.14 108 1553 145 14.58 4 2.11 39 7.23 74 10.22 109 1560 144 14.64 5 2.39 40 7.33 75 10.29 110 12.66 145 14.69 6 2.63 41 7.45 76 10.37 111 1 572 146 14.75 7 2.86 42 7.53 77 10.44 112 1~.78 147 14.80 8 3.07 43 7.62 78 10.51 113 1584 148 14.86 9 3.28 44 7.72 79 10.59 114 1590 149 14.91 10 3.47 45 7.81 80 10.66 115 1 596 150 14.97 11 3.65 46 7.91 81 10.73 116 13.03 151 15.02 12 $.83 47 8.00 82 10.80 117 13.09 152 15.07 13 4.00 48 8.09 85 10.87 118 13.15 155 15.13 14 4.16 49 8.18 84 10.94 119 13.21 154 15.18 15 4.$2 50 8.27 85 11.01 120 13.27 155 15.23 16 4.48 51 8.36 86 11.08 121 13.33 156 15.29 17 4.62 52 8.44 87 11.15 122 13.39 157 15.34 18 4.76 53 8.53 88 11.22 123 13.44 158 15.39 19 4.90 54 8.62 89 11.29 124 13.50 159 15.44 20 5.04 55 8.71 90 11.36 125 13.56 160 15.50 21 5.18 56 8.79 91 11.43 126 13.62 161 15.55 22 5.31 57 8.88 92 11.49 127 13.68 162 15.60 23 5.44 58 8.96 93 11.56 1 28 1 $.74 163 15.65 24 5.56 59 9.04 94 11.63 129 13.80 164 15.70 25 5.69 60 9.12 95 11.69 130 13.85 165 15.76 26 5.81 61 9.21 96 11.76 131 13.91 166 15.81 27 5.93 62 9.29 97 11.83 132 13.97 167 15.86 28 6.05 63 9.37 98 11.89 1 $3 14.02 168 15.91 29 6.16 64 9.45 99 11.96 134 14.08 169 15.96 30 6.28 65 9.53 100 12.02 135 14.14 170 16.01 $1 6. $9 66 9.61 101 12.09 136 14.19 171 16.06 32 6.50 67 9.69 102 12.15 157 14.25 172 16.11 35 6.61 68 9.76 103 12.22 158 14.31 173 16.16 34 6.71 69 9.84 104 12.28 139 14.36 174 16.21 35 6.82 70 9.92 105 12.34 140 14.42 175 16.26

Method of Use Inser t in f o rmu la (b) the values of h ° ' ~ a n d hf °'~ de t e rmined f rom the table a n d the value of QF, a n d solve the equa t ion of QR.

S U B S T A N T I A T I O N : This proposal incorpora tes Chapte r 2 of NFPA 291 into NFPA 14 as a requi red test. T he p rocedure r emains as a r e c o m m e n d a t i o n a n d is appropr ia te ly inc luded as append ix material . T h e commit tee has also added a r e q u i r e m e n t for water flow test ing ro be p e r f o r m e d for each s tandpipe installation such tha t the s tandpipe system design is based u p o n flow test data tha t is no m o r e t h a n n i ne m o n t h s old. Editorial changes have been m a d e to el iminate unenforceab le language where appropria te . Where the text could no t or shou ld no t be inc luded as enforceable , the text was incorpora ted as append ix material . See also Commi t t ee Proposal 14-1 (Log #CP1). COMMITTEE ACTION: Accept.

NUMBER OF COMMITrEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE T O VOTE: VOTE ON C O M M I T T E E ACTION:

AFFIRMATIVE: 22 N O T RETURNED: 5 Beard, Braga, Laverick, Naylor, Silk

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