AFRICOM Related News Clips 28 September 2011

8/4/2019 AFRICOM Related News Clips 28 September 2011

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United States Africa CommandPublic Affairs Office28 September 2011

USAFRICOM - related news stories

Good morning. Please find attached news clips related to U.S. Africa Command andAfrica, along with upcoming events of interest for September 28, 2011.

Of interest in today's clips are stories from BBC and the Christian Science Monitor onelections in the DRC, a report from the Wall Street Journal on the roll out of theprototype of South Africas indigenous new attack and reconnaissance aircraft andarticles from Christian Science Monitor, BBC, VOA and Afrique en Ligne on reform of

petroleum laws and anti-piracy and trafficking efforts in West Africa..

U.S. Africa Command Public AffairsPlease send questions or comments to:[email protected] (+49-711-729-2687)

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Top News related to U.S. Africa Command and Africa

DR Congo election: Talks aim to avert election violence (BBC)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-1506593526 September 2011By BBCMajor political parties from the Democratic Republic of Congo have begun two days oftalks aimed at preventing violence during this year's election.

19,000 candidates registered for Congo's legislative elections (The Christian Science

Monitor)

http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-elections26 September 2011By Jason StearnsThe large number of candidatesfor only 500 seatswill make for a more competitiveelection than in the past.

South Africa Firms Build Niche Plane (The Wall Street Journal)

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsj
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15065935http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15065935http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15065935mailto:[email protected]


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27 September 2011By Patrick McGroartyTwo South African companies are attempting to elbow their way into the global defensemarket with an unusual new aircraft developed on home soil.

Africa Rising: African countries create new rules in the oil game (The Christian

Science Monitor)

http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2011/0927/Africa-Rising-African-countries-create-new-rules-in-the-oil-game27 September 2011By Clair MacDougallNew local-content laws in Nigeria, Angola, Gabon, and Ghana aim to ensure Africancountries gain as much benefit from the oil business as foreign oil companies do.

Nigeria and Benin mount patrols as piracy soars (BBC)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-1508531328 September 2011By Jonah FisherNigeria and its West African neighbour, Benin, are to begin joint naval patrols in aneffort to combat the threat of pirates.

West Africa Combats Illicit Drug Trafficking (Voice of America)

http://www.voanews.com/policy/editorials/West-Africa-Combats-Illicit-Drug-Trafficking-130578738.html25 September 2011By VOADespite the range of challenges facing them in dealing with the drug trade, West Africancountries have begun taking the threat seriously.

Security: Fight piracy, trafficking in West Africa (Afrique en Ligne)http://www.afriquejet.com/security-fght-piracy-trafficking-in-west-africa-2011092723351.html27 September 2011By PANAGambia, Togo call for UN support to fight piracy, trafficking in West Africa - GambianVice President, Ms. Isatou Njie-Saidy, on Monday called for greater UN andinternational support to prevent the West African coasts from becoming a haven forpirates. She also solicited support for the fight against growing drug and arms trafficking.

Libyan chemical and nuclear agents in NTC hands: NATO (Xinhua)

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-09/27/c_131163482.htm27 September 2011By Xinhua
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2011/0927/Africa-Rising-African-countries-create-new-rules-in-the-oil-gamehttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2011/0927/Africa-Rising-African-countries-create-new-rules-in-the-oil-gamehttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2011/0927/Africa-Rising-African-countries-create-new-rules-in-the-oil-gamehttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15085313http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15085313http://www.voanews.com/policy/editorials/West-Africa-Combats-Illicit-Drug-Trafficking-130578738.htmlhttp://www.voanews.com/policy/editorials/West-Africa-Combats-Illicit-Drug-Trafficking-130578738.htmlhttp://www.voanews.com/policy/editorials/West-Africa-Combats-Illicit-Drug-Trafficking-130578738.htmlhttp://www.afriquejet.com/security-fght-piracy-trafficking-in-west-africa-2011092723351.htmlhttp://www.afriquejet.com/security-fght-piracy-trafficking-in-west-africa-2011092723351.htmlhttp://www.afriquejet.com/security-fght-piracy-trafficking-in-west-africa-2011092723351.htmlhttp://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-09/27/c_131163482.htmhttp://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-09/27/c_131163482.htmhttp://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-09/27/c_131163482.htmhttp://www.afriquejet.com/security-fght-piracy-trafficking-in-west-africa-2011092723351.htmlhttp://www.afriquejet.com/security-fght-piracy-trafficking-in-west-africa-2011092723351.htmlhttp://www.voanews.com/policy/editorials/West-Africa-Combats-Illicit-Drug-Trafficking-130578738.htmlhttp://www.voanews.com/policy/editorials/West-Africa-Combats-Illicit-Drug-Trafficking-130578738.htmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15085313http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2011/0927/Africa-Rising-African-countries-create-new-rules-in-the-oil-gamehttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2011/0927/Africa-Rising-African-countries-create-new-rules-in-the-oil-game


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A NATO spokesman said on Tuesday that Libya's remaining stockpile of chemical andnuclear materials were controlled by National Transitional Council (NTC) forces, whoare working with the international community for their proper disposal.

Gaddafi could still destabilize North Africa: Libya PM (Reuters)

http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/26/us-libya-un-jibril-idUSTRE78P43M2011092626 September 2011By Patrick WorsnipNATO should continue operations in Libya as long as Muammar Gaddafi's loyalists arekilling civilians, and the toppled leader still could destabilize the region, Libya's de factoprime minister said on Monday.

Sahara - Morocco Renews Full Commitment to Pursue Negotiations for Political

Solution (Maghreb Arabe Presse, Rabat)http://allafrica.com/stories/201109270089.html26 September 2011

By MAPNew YorkMorocco reiterated, on Monday at the UN headquarters in New York, "itsfull commitment to continue and intensify the negotiating process to reach a mutuallyacceptable political solution to the regional dispute over the Moroccan Sahara, based onthe Moroccan autonomy initiative".

A setback for China in Africa (Foreign Policy Blog)

http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/09/26/a_setback_for_the_dragon26 September 2011By Kedar PavgiChinese ambitions in Africa have been no secret to Western policymakers. In the past 7years, Beijing has devoted over $14 billion dollars to Africa, through a mixture of aid forresources packages and direct investment. However, the outcome of this weekend'sZambian presidential election could be an indication that the policy is beginning tobackfire. Four-time candidate, and former train station sweeper Michael "King Cobra"Sata, was confirmed as the winner last Friday.

Africa Says "Au Revoir" to U.S and "Bonjour" to France (PolicyMic)

http://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1761&op=no27 September 2011By William BauerDuring the 20th century, the U.S. was at the height of its influence in Africa, fullysupporting the fight by Africa's people for independence from European colonialempires. Today, however, the U.S. finds itself struggling to exert its influence over thecontinent; the lack of immediate leadership and action on Libya this year is the mostcontemporary highlight of this. This and the fact that the U.S. is deeply snared in theMiddle East and Central Asia points to a downward spiral of decline for U.S. influence inAfrica.

In North Africa, U.S. Improves Relations (PolicyMic)
http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/26/us-libya-un-jibril-idUSTRE78P43M20110926http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/26/us-libya-un-jibril-idUSTRE78P43M20110926http://allafrica.com/stories/201109270089.htmlhttp://allafrica.com/stories/201109270089.htmlhttp://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/09/26/a_setback_for_the_dragonhttp://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/09/26/a_setback_for_the_dragonhttp://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1761&op=nohttp://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1761&op=nohttp://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1761&op=nohttp://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/09/26/a_setback_for_the_dragonhttp://allafrica.com/stories/201109270089.htmlhttp://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/26/us-libya-un-jibril-idUSTRE78P43M20110926


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http://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1746&op=yes27 September 2011By Alexander InnesThe Arab Spring has upset the status quo in North Africa and the Middle East, providingopportunities for countries to re-engage with a region often seen as stagnant and

unchangeable. The United States has taken the initiative and greatly increased U.S.presence in North Africa through intelligent and locally relevant programs. Because ofthis, and other factors, U.S. influence in North Africa, excluding Egypt, is poised toincrease should this constructive engagement continue.

Zambia makes Africa proud again (MMegi, Gaborone)

http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=9&aid=290&dir=2011/September/Tuesday2727 September 2011By MMegiAs the wave of political pluralism swept the world in the late 1980s and early 1990s,Zambia made history in 1991 when it became the first country in Africa to replace its

independence hero through democratic elections.

Dalai Lama made to wait for S Africa visa (Al-Jazeera)

http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/09/20119279547125715.html27 September 2011By News AgenciesDelay in granting visit visa to Tibetan spiritual leader triggers speculation that Beijing ispressuring Pretoria.

The Balkanization of Somalia Analysis (Eurasia Review)

http://www.eurasiareview.com/27092011-the-balkanization-of-somalia-analysis/27 September 2011By By Abdinur Mohamud

Africa needs greater integration Obasanjo (Vanguard, Lagos)http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/09/africa-needs-greater-integration-obasanjo/By Vanguard27 September 2011New YorkFormer president Olusegun Obasanjo has called on African leaders toaccelerate regional integration to boost economic and social development in thecontinent.

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UN News Service Africa Briefs

http://www.un.org/apps/news/region.asp?Region=AFRICA

(Full Articles on UN Website)
http://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1746&op=yeshttp://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1746&op=yeshttp://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=9&aid=290&dir=2011/September/Tuesday27http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=9&aid=290&dir=2011/September/Tuesday27http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/09/20119279547125715.htmlhttp://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/09/20119279547125715.htmlhttp://www.eurasiareview.com/27092011-the-balkanization-of-somalia-analysis/http://www.eurasiareview.com/27092011-the-balkanization-of-somalia-analysis/http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/09/africa-needs-greater-integration-obasanjo/http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/09/africa-needs-greater-integration-obasanjo/http://www.un.org/apps/news/region.asp?Region=AFRICAhttp://www.un.org/apps/news/region.asp?Region=AFRICAhttp://www.un.org/apps/news/region.asp?Region=AFRICAhttp://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/09/africa-needs-greater-integration-obasanjo/http://www.eurasiareview.com/27092011-the-balkanization-of-somalia-analysis/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/09/20119279547125715.htmlhttp://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=9&aid=290&dir=2011/September/Tuesday27http://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1746&op=yes


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Malawi presses UN to renew efforts to advance process of decolonization27 SeptemberThe United Nations must renew its commitment to ensure that theworlds 16 remaining non-self-governing territories, home collectively to nearly twomillion people, are able to exercise their right to self-determination, Malawi said today.

Morocco tells UN it is ready to resolve Western Sahara dispute on autonomy basis27 SeptemberMorocco has reiterated to the United Nations that it is ready to intensifytalks to resolve the dispute over the Western Sahara on the basis of autonomy.

Assembly President mourns passing of Nobel laureate and green campaigner27 SeptemberGeneral Assembly President Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser today added hisvoice to those of other top United Nations officials mourning the death of WangariMaathai, the Nobel Peace Prize laureate and one of Africas foremost environmentalcampaigners.

South Sudan becomes newest member of UN health agency

27 SeptemberThe worlds newest country, South Sudan, today became a member ofthe World Health Organization (WHO) after accepting the constitution of the UnitedNations agency as the annual UN event to promote support for global pacts andconventions drew to a close.

West African countries call for permanent African seat on Security Council27 SeptemberWest African countries today called for enlarging the 15-memberSecurity Council to give their continent its due representation on the United Nations bodywhose decisions are legally binding, as opposed to the recommendations issued by the193-member General Assembly.

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Upcoming Events of Interest:

WHAT: The Department of State and USAID are seeking to more effectively integratehumanitarian action with the diplomatic and the other operational elements of civilianresponse to complex crises. The Department of State and USAID are seeking to moreeffectively integrate humanitarian action with the diplomatic and the other operationalelements of civilian response to complex crises. The importance of policy and programintegration is graphically illustrated by conflict, drought and famine in the Horn ofAfrica.TOPIC: Saving Lives, Securing Interests: Reflections on Humanitarian Response andU.S. Foreign PolicyWHEN: Wednesday, September 28, 2011, 2-3:30 p.m.BRIEFER: Eric P. Schwartz, U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Population, Refugees,and MigrationWHERE: U.S. Institute of Peace, 2301 Constitution Ave NW Washington, DCMORE INFORMATION: http://www.usip.org/events/saving-lives-securing-interests-reflections-humanitarian-response-and-us-foreign-policy


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RSVP: Please contact Amanda Mayoral at [email protected] with any questions aboutthis event.

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WHAT: Former ambassador to address U.S. policy in Horn of AfricaTOPIC: "U.S. Policy Toward the Horn of Africa."WHEN: Friday, September 30, 2011, at 3 p.m.BRIEFER: Dr. David H. Shinn, an adjunct professor in the Elliott School of InternationalAffairs at George Washington University since 2001 and a 37-year veteran of the U.S.Department of State.WHERE: Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan.MORE INFORMATION: http://www.wmich.edu/wmu/news/2011/09/071.htmlRSVP: For more information, contact Dr. Sisay Asefa at [email protected] or (269)387-5556.

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New onwww.africom.mil

Seabees Build Water Systems for Zanzibar Schools

http://www.africom.mil/getArticle.asp?art=7253&lang=027 September 2011By Specialist Brad MillerZANZIBAR, Tanzania - The U.S. Navy Seabees assigned to CJTF-Horn of Africa weretasked with the mission to travel to Zanzibar, Tanzania, and work with the TanzaniaPeoples Defence Forces crew of combat engineers to construct two 10,000-liter storagecapacity rainwater harvesting systems at two local schools on September 19, 2011.

CJTF-HOA Enlisted Leader Reflects on Relationships Gained During Tour

http://www.africom.mil/getArticle.asp?art=7251&lang=027 September 2011By U.S. Air Force Staff Sergeant Marc I. LaneSHEIK OSMAN COMPOUND, Djibouti, Sep 27, 2011SHEIK OSMANCOMPOUND, Djibouti (Sept. 22, 2011)After one year as the Combined Joint TaskForceHorn of Africa Senior Enlisted Leader, U.S. Marine Corps Sergeant Major ScottMykoo reflects on the relationships and progress made between coalition and regionalmilitary forces here.

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FULLTEXT

DR Congo election: Talks aim to avert election violence (BBC)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-1506593526 September 2011
http://www.africom.mil/http://www.africom.mil/http://www.africom.mil/http://www.africom.mil/getArticle.asp?art=7253&lang=0http://www.africom.mil/getArticle.asp?art=7253&lang=0http://www.africom.mil/getArticle.asp?art=7251&lang=0http://www.africom.mil/getArticle.asp?art=7251&lang=0http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15065935http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15065935http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15065935http://www.africom.mil/getArticle.asp?art=7251&lang=0http://www.africom.mil/getArticle.asp?art=7253&lang=0http://www.africom.mil/


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By BBCMajor political parties from the Democratic Republic of Congo have begun two days oftalks aimed at preventing violence during this year's election.

The presidential poll is on 28 November - previous elections have been marred by

conflict that has cost many lives.

Delegates are in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, for talks organised by the AfricanUnion and the Institute for Peace and Security Studies.

The election build-up has been affected by claims of voter registration fraud.

Earlier this month, police used tear gas to disperse hundreds of his supporters whomarched on the electoral commission building in protest at the alleged fraud.

Opposition parties have criticised changes to the polling system aimed at electing the

president in one round, which they say favour incumbent Joseph Kabila.

The government says it only wants to avoid a repeat of clashes that marred a 2006 run-offwon by Mr Kabila, who has been in power since 2001.

However, leading opposition candidate Etienne Tshisekedi, of the Union for Democracyand Social Progress, has called for an audit of the electoral register.

Recent violence has been attributed to tension between Mr Tshisekedi's group and MrKabila's People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy.

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19,000 candidates registered for Congo's legislative elections (The Christian Science

Monitor)http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-elections26 September 2011By Jason StearnsThe large number of candidatesfor only 500 seatswill make for a more competitiveelection than in the past.

The electoral commission has published the list of candidates for the legislative elections,which are scheduled to be held on Nov. 28, along with the presidential election. Thelegislative election is particularly important in the Congo, as the prime minister is namedby the largest coalition in parliament, and then forms a cabinet to deal with the day-to-day business of governing. (That's the theory, at leastin this government, thepresidency has wielded far greater power.)
http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-electionshttp://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2011/0926/19-000-candidates-registered-for-Congo-s-legislative-elections


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There are 19,000 candidates for the 500 seats in the national assembly. This means thelegislative battle will be more competitive than in 2006, when there were considerablyfewer candidates. In some districts, like Tshangu in Kinshasa, there are a hundredcandidates for every seat.

I have done a very superficial analysis of five of the major parties contending elections:MLC, PPRD, UFC, UNC and UDPS. I admit that other parties are also extremelyimportantMSR and PALU, for examplebut I will leave those for another day. If I didnot miscount, here is a list of how many candidates each party registered for the 500seats:

- MLC (Bemba): 237- PPRD (Kabila): 545- UDPS (Tshisekedi):- 377 UFC (Kengo): 334- UNC (Kamerhe): 450

I should emphasize that these numbers don't mean muchif a party is unpopular, theneven by multiplying the number of candidates they won't get more seats. Nonetheless,there are several observations we can make.

First, the PPRD has the largest pool of candidates. This is probably a sign of their deeppockets, but they are also the only party of these five (other than the MLC, which hasbeen weakened by infighting) that contended the last elections and has been present in thefield since then, if only by virtue of the fact that the are in power. However, in some areasthey have submitted over double the number of candidates as there seats in the districtthis could be a sign of poor organization, as the party will be wasting resources byoverloading candidates.

Secondly, it is very probable that we will see a change in the lead opposition party. Evenif Kabila's coalition wins again, the MLC appears to have been deeply weakened byBemba's absence and the splintering of the party over the past several years. They wereonly able to table one candidate for every two seats, an indication of a lack of funds andorganizationone of their officials told me that they had even had trouble raising thefunds necessary for registering their legislative candidates (I think something like$60,000).

The new opposition parties have been mobilizing very effectively. In particular, theUNC, which was launched less than a year ago, has been able to put forward candidatesfor over 85 percent of the seats in the national assembly, an impressive feat that alsoindicates that they have been able to raise significant funds. The UDPS is strong, butlacks candidates in many areas in the East. Again, none of this is an indication of howmany seats they will win, and some of suggested that the UNC has expanded too fast,allowing to many opportunists into the party, while the UDPS has been more selective inits candidates.


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Jason Stearns blogs about the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Great Lakesregion at Congo Siasa.

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South Africa Firms Build Niche Plane (The Wall Street Journal)

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsj27 September 2011By Patrick McGroarty

Two South African companies are attempting to elbow their way into the global defensemarket with an unusual new aircraft developed on home soil.

Paramount Group and Aerosud Holdings Ltd. on Tuesday will unveil the Ahrlac, a

compact plane that they say merges the capabilities of a drone, an attack helicopter andsurveillance aircraft.

Paramount Group and Aerosud Holdings will unveil their Ahrlac attack-and-surveillanceplane, above, in South Africa on Tuesday."There's nothing like it in the marketplace," says Paul Potgieter, managing director ofclosely held Aerosud.

The Ahrlacshort for Advanced High Performance Reconnaissance Light Aircraftaims to fill a niche left by less-versatile and more-expensive rivals. Most countries on thecontinent rely on modified cargo planes or turboprop fighters for surveillance work, butthe Ahrlac is a multipurpose alternative that's marketed for perform military and civilianreconnaissance. It will cater to African governments involved in combat, peacekeepingand humanitarian work, he says.

Aerosud and Paramount executives decline to reveal the Ahrlac's price but say it will beone-third to one-half the cost of Boeing Co.'s Apache attack helicopter. The Apache sellsfor about $20 million, according to the U.S. Congressional Budget Office.

The project will test whether a relatively small player such as South Africa can join amarket with the likes of the U.S. and China. To revive a moribund industry, SouthAfrican defense companies say they are pitching products that are simpler and lessexpensive than those built in the West.

Paramount Group Chairman Ivor Ichikowitz envisioned the Ahrlac after decades as amotorcycle distributor and arms salesman. The burly 45-year-old, born in South Africa toLithuanian parents, says he realized "the future of peacekeeping and defense in Africawas going to be airborne."
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsjhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204010604576594510143821174.html?mod=googlenews_wsj


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Paramount and Aerosud say the Ahrlac's is designed for police, border patrols andforestry agenciesnot just defense ministries. They also see potential sales in Asia, LatinAmerica and Eastern Europe. Paramount and Aerosud say they have received interestfrom potential customers but decline to say from whom.

Governments in Africa contend with huge distances, unsecured borders and bad roads.Most lack funding for advanced Western jet and helicopter technology. So Paramountaimed to create an aircraft "that would do 80% of what a helicopter did but at a fractionof the cost," Mr. Ichikowitz says.

The two-person Ahrlac has a bulbous cockpit and a simple propeller mounted at the rear,allowing an unobstructed view for reconnaissance. The plane can fly fast or slow and stayairborne for up to seven hours on a tank of fuel. It will be manufactured just outsideJohannesburg at Aerosud's complex of low brick buildings in Centurion, where thecompany also makes wing components, seats and galleys for Boeing and the Airbus unitof European Aeronautic Defence & Space Co. Test flights are scheduled to begin in six

months and production, as early as 2013. The budget for development and certificationwas $200 million, Mr. Ichikowitz says.

Once it rolls out, the Ahrlac will become one of the first aircraft to be produced in Africasince South Africa's Armscor Defence Institutes (Pty.) Ltd. developed the Roivaalk attackhelicopter in the 1980s.

Under an apartheid regime that lasted into the 1990s, South Africa built a muscular armsindustry to survive United Nations sanctions. As South Africa went to war in neighboringNamibia and Angola, South African defense companies developed blast-resistant trucksand a precursor to the armored vehicles that carried U.S. troops in Afghanistan and Iraq.

But under President Nelson Mandela, a democratic South Africa slashed defensespending, sending the domestic arms industry into decline. The defense budgetplummeted to $2.66 billion in 1997 from $5.1 billion in 1990, according to theStockholm International Peace Research Institute. Many of South Africa's best engineersemigrated and joined foreign manufacturers.

South Africa's defense industry could be poised for resurgence. The country's defenseminister is lobbying to overhaul the armed forces, in part by buying new equipmentaimed at border security and piracy rather than ground wars. Defense Minister LindiweSisul says she expects to seek an increase to the roughly $4 billion spent in the fiscal yearthat ended in March.

Seeking customers among African governments will allow Paramount and Aerosud tosidestep some competition from Western arms contractors, who largely steer clear of thesmaller African markets.


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"We have adapted," says Shane George, an export manager at the state-ownedArmaments Corporation of South Africa Ltd., which is in charge of purchasing for thegovernment and for selling surplus government arms abroad.

Paramount started by outfitting peacekeeping missions in Africa. In 2005 the company

joined with Aerosud to refurbish and service fleets of Dassault Aviation SA's Mirage IIIand F-1 jets for Gabon and Republic of Congo. In 2008, Paramount bought a 19% stakein Aerosud. Work on the Ahrlac began a year later.

Paramount's Mr. Ichikowitz has also persuaded a group of migrs to return and work forhim. "We've made this as much a South African project as possible," Mr. Ichikowitz says.Designing vehicles and aircraft from scratch, he says, helped ensure that "the remainingskill and expertise we had on the continent wasn't eroded."

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Africa Rising: African countries create new rules in the oil game (The ChristianScience Monitor)

http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2011/0927/Africa-Rising-African-countries-create-new-rules-in-the-oil-game27 September 2011By Clair MacDougall

New local-content laws in Nigeria, Angola, Gabon, and Ghana aim to ensure Africancountries gain as much benefit from the oil business as foreign oil companies do.

Accra, Ghana -- Citizens in countries throughout Africa have long been angered over thelack of benefits reaped from multinationals exploiting minerals from their seas and land.In recent years, African governmentsauthoritarian and democratic alikehave comeunder increasing pressure to develop policies to ensure the exploitation of oil andminerals provide long-term benefits to their citizens, through creating jobs and growth inindustries.

At an oil conference in Accra, Ghana, held last week, African countries made it clear thatoil industry players would be required to meet "local content laws," which includes hiringa certain percentage of workers locally, if they wanted to tap Africas oil reserves.

Nigeria has a great future and corporates who want to be part of that future will haveto consider Nigerian local content because its not going to be game as usual from now

on, said General Manager of the Nigerian Content Development Board WoleAkinyosoye.

Think you know Africa? Take our geography quiz

The term "local content" has become a catch phrase among key players in the oil and gasindustry, and policies can mean anything from the inclusion of quotas for local
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employment from senior managerial staff to workers out on the oil rigs, percentages oflocal ownership and control of operations in oil fields, to contracts being awarded to localcompanies for the provision of equipment, goods, and services. Countries such as Brazil,Norway, Malaysia, and Trinidad and Tobago are all countries that have used local-content laws to create jobs and fuel domestic economic growth.

Buzz word to create jobsBut the concept has only become popular in Africa in recent years due to the newdiscoveries and the rising price of oil, according to Willie Olson a senior adviser withINSTOK Norwegian Oil and Gas Partners.

Local content in this part of the world is very politicized and there is a high degree of

meeting expectations and the word local content has become a buzz word in recent yearsdue to higher oil prices, says Mr. Olson.

But at the same time it is clear that the aim is to create more jobs and develop the

industrial base and you understand why this policy comes and you have to ask will thepolicies work? he says.

Nigeria is the loudest and most controversial voice on local content and Africas biggest

oil player, producing 2.3 million barrels of crude per day, according to the latest report ofthe International Energy Agency. Last year after the government passed the Nigerian Oiland Gas Industry Local Content Development Act, oil majors voiced their objections.

The local bill gives Nigerian independent operators first consideration in the awarding ofoil blocks, oil field licenses, and it specifies that exclusive consideration should be givento Nigerian-owned service providers. The law also requires that oil companies andindustry service providers be required to train Nigerians.

The legislation also specifies the percentage of fabrication and construction, materials,drilling services, the use of transport, information technology, and finance and insurancebe locally owned or based. Many analysts regard Nigerias local-content requirements assome of the highest in the world ranging from between 75 and 100 percent in many areas.Implementation in Nigeria will be overseen by a local-content monitoring board to be setup next year and percentages will be expected to gradually increase.

But will firms be scared away?But some analysts are concerned that this emphasis on local could scare off oil companiesand investors. Olson says that he thinks it unlikely that Nigeria would accomplish itslocal-content goals.

I think the biggest issue with the high local-content environmentwith the competitionfor the resources, will the firms go to West Africa or will they go to countries with hugeopportunities and less restrictions? says Olson. I dont think oil companies will go, but

it could lead to higher costs and lead to some of the main contractors setting up shop inother countries that are easier to operate in.


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At a conference held by Nigerian Association of Petroleum Explorationists (NAPE) lastyear after Nigerias local-content laws were passed, Mark Ward, managing director ofExxonMobil Nigeria asserted that the implementation of the government policy washindering the development of new deepwater oil projects.

Ward was quoted in the Nigerian newspaper 234Next as saying that the governmentneeded to engage more with international oil companies in their development of local-content requirements.

Nigerian content development needs to be paced, realistic, and collaborative, says

Ward. Imposition could stifle both the total number of in-country projects and thedevelopment pace of projects.

What about other countries?Other countries such as Angola have also passed controversial legislation regarding local

content and Gabon and the newest African oil producer Ghana are also in the final stagesof drafting their own local-content bills. Ghana's draft bill sets forth a target of 90 percentlocal content by 2020 but will be subject to revision. Currently oil companies are requiredto have 10 percent of their goods and services provided by Ghanaians, and therequirement will increase to 20 percent next year.

Olson thinks it is unlikely that Ghana will achieve its 2020 local-content goals but thinksthat it possibly could achieve them in the gas industry. Finance Minister John Duffourrecently announced that the government would borrow $800 million from the state-owned China Development Bank to develop its natural gas infrastructure and that the gasindustry in contrast to the oil industry would be in the hands of Ghanaians.

Olson says that while the desire for local content for African countries wasunderstandable, the lack of consistency in legislation from country to country could causeproblems.

The dilemma is that every country in West Africa is going their own route, says Olson.

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Nigeria and Benin mount patrols as piracy soars (BBC)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-1508531328 September 2011By Jonah Fisher

Nigeria and its West African neighbour, Benin, are to begin joint naval patrols in aneffort to combat the threat of pirates.

The Gulf of Guinea has this year seen a marked increase in the number of attacks in itswaters.
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Last month, a group of London-based insurers rated part of its coast in the same high-riskcategory as Somalia.

The International Maritime Bureau says there have so far been 19 attacks off Benin's

coast this year.

According to the bureau, which monitors such attacks, none were recorded off the samecoast in 2010.

Emmanual Ogbor, head of Nigeria's western naval command, says that the reason for theincrease is clear.

He says tough action from his ships has forced the pirates into areas where they canoperate freely.

The joint patrols will initially last for six months and involve six Nigerian ships andhelicopters with the Beninois initially contributing two vessels.

Although the joint operation is being dressed up an equal partnership, this is all aboutNigeria helping out its neighbour to the west.

A spokesman from Benin's navy said the attacks had scared ships away and deeplyaffected the country's economy.

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West Africa Combats Illicit Drug Trafficking (Voice of America)

http://www.voanews.com/policy/editorials/West-Africa-Combats-Illicit-Drug-Trafficking-130578738.html25 September 2011By VOA

There have been growing signs of strengthening ties between West Africa and SouthAmerica in the trafficking of illicit drugs.

West Africa is the closest point to drug growing and processing centers in SouthAmerica, and its close proximity to southern Europe provides a natural gateway toEuropean drug markets. Porous borders, inadequate law enforcement and corruptioncreate a permissive environment for the drug trade. Language connections among Brazil,Portugal, Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau also contribute to the ease in which such trademay develop.

U.S. law enforcement officials estimate that in 2009, about one third of the cocainedestined for Europe passed through West Africa. According to the United Nations, Latin
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American cocaine is being stockpiled in some West African countries for future shipmentto Europe.

Despite the range of challenges facing them in dealing with the drug trade, West Africancountries have begun taking the threat seriously and addressing it as a regional priority.

Last year, for example, police in Liberia broke up and seized a shipment of cocainevalued at $100 million.

The United States is working to improve the drug interdiction and investigationcapabilities of West African nations through a number of aid projects. We welcome freshimpetus from the international community as well to make Africa a priority for drug-control assistance, to promote and protect the stability and positive growth in countries inAfrica.

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Security: Fight piracy, trafficking in West Africa (Afrique en Ligne)http://www.afriquejet.com/security-fght-piracy-trafficking-in-west-africa-2011092723351.html27 September 2011By PANA

Gambia, Togo call for UN support to fight piracy, trafficking in West Africa - GambianVice President, Ms. Isatou Njie-Saidy, on Monday called for greater UN andinternational support to prevent the West African coasts from becoming a haven forpirates. She also solicited support for the fight against growing drug and arms trafficking.

'The evils of drug trafficking, piracy, trafficking of illicit goods and arms trafficking havereared their ugly heads across the sub-region, Njie-Saidy told the 66th session of the UNGeneral Assembly in New York.

She said: 'The nature and extent of these crimes call for swift international action to nipthem in the bud before it is too late'.

'As these crimes feed on each other and sow the seeds of terror, economic sabotage andthe collapse of social order, we must pool our resources together in the areas of detection,surveillance, law enforcement and prosecution in order to deny the culprits safe havens.

'In order to do this, we must come together and agree on a framework for cooperationwith the support of the international community. We look forward to greater UnitedNations engagement with regional and sub-regional leaders and organizations instamping out these menaces,' she stated.

The Gambian VP also called on ECOWAS member countries to join hands to tackle thegrowing incidents of piracy and other crimes in the region.
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Also speaking, Togolese Prime Minister Gilbert Fossoun-Houngbo, referred to recentacts of piracy off the coasts of Togo and Benin, as a source of concern and a threat tosecurity in both countries.

'At a time when the West African region is witnessing a resurgence of violence due to

drugs and terrorism, our coasts cannot be allowed to be taken hostage by pirates, he saidat the UN General Assembly.

Fossoun-Houngbo also called for closer cooperation between all countries to confront thenew phenomenon.

He stated that, 'the crises and conflicts, the threats to international peace and security,such as piracy, cyber-crime and drug trafficking, which undermine efforts to consolidatepeace in the world, must impel the international community to rethink the UN role in thecontext of security and economic and social development'.

He also called for urgent UN and international steps to confront drought and famine inthe Horn of Africa where tens of thousands of people have already starved to death and13.3 million people are threatened.

In a related development, both Gambia and Togo called for reform of the 15-member UNSecurity Council, expanding it and making it more representative of the regions of theworld and correct what Togo's Fossoun-Houngbo called 'flagrant and unacceptableinjustices'.

On her part, Gambia's Njie-Saidy termed the present council's composition as 'theglaring under-representation of Africa'.

'Africa needs to be adequately and properly represented and we will not give up on whatis a very legitimate demand. What is even more appalling is that negotiations areprogressing at snails pace, she said.

She further stressed that, 'the reform is long overdue and the lack of it is undermining thecredibility of the organ and the legitimacy of its decisions'.

PANA recalled that last month, the Security Council voiced concern over increasingpiracy, armed robbery and reported hostage-taking in the Gulf of Guinea, saying thecrimes were having an adverse impact on security, trade and other economic activities inthe sub-region.

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Libyan chemical and nuclear agents in NTC hands: NATO (Xinhua)

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-09/27/c_131163482.htm27 September 2011By Xinhua
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A NATO spokesman said on Tuesday that Libya's remaining stockpile of chemical andnuclear materials were controlled by National Transitional Council (NTC) forces, whoare working with the international community for their proper disposal.

BRUSSELS, Sept. 27 (Xinhua) -- A NATO spokesman said on Tuesday that Libya'sremaining stockpile of chemical and nuclear materials were controlled by NationalTransitional Council (NTC) forces, who are working with the international communityfor their proper disposal.

"The NTC is now controlling facilities containing Libya's remaining stockpile ofchemical and nuclear related agents," said Colonel Roland Lavoie, spokesman forNATO's Libya mission, from Naples via video link.

"We are confident that allies, international organization that are in contact with NTC areworking to ensure that the Libyan authorities can take full control of any proliferation-

sensitive material that is left and start planning for their safe disposal," he said.

The spokesman said that Gaddafi's loyalists were only controlling areas of Sirte and BaniWalid, which have been the focus of NATO's air raids.

"It is our assessment that Gaddafi forces can't held their senseless posture for long, givingthe dynamics on the ground," he said.

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Gaddafi could still destabilize North Africa: Libya PM (Reuters)

http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/26/us-libya-un-jibril-idUSTRE78P43M2011092626 September 2011By Patrick Worsnip

NATO should continue operations in Libya as long as Muammar Gaddafi's loyalists arekilling civilians, and the toppled leader still could destabilize the region, Libya's de factoprime minister said on Monday.

U.N. Security Council resolution 1973, passed in March, called for protection of civiliansby all available means, leading NATO to launch a campaign of air strikes that played amajor role in helping rebels overthrow Gaddafi last month in the oil-producing NorthAfrican nation.

The NATO actions have been strongly criticized by Russia, China and some developingcountries, which have said they exceed the mandate provided by the resolution.

But de facto Prime Minister Mahmoud Jibril told a Security Council meeting on Libyathat the "mission is far from accomplished" and that "the foundations of (resolution) 1973continue to be valid."
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Asked later by reporters when the Western alliance should end its operations, Jibril said,"When there is no killing (of) civilians in Libya." NATO agreed last week to extend itsair-and-sea campaign in Libya for up to 90 days.

Jibril heads the executive committee of the ruling National Transitional Council (NTC),the voice of the rebel movement that rose up against Gaddafi's 42-year-rule and drovehim from power with support from the West and several Arab nations.

Gaddafi loyalists continue to fight the forces of the NTC in several Libyan cities,including Gaddafi's birthplace Sirte.

"Gaddafi is still at large. He has a lot of assets -- money, gold," Jibril told the SecurityCouncil.

"The simple fact of thinking that he's still free and he has at his disposal such wealth

means that he is still able to destabilize the situation, not only within my country but alsoin the region of the Sahel in the African desert."

"Gaddafi ... could return to his terrorist practices by providing arms across the continent,"Jibril said. "His arrest is imperative in order to re-establish stability throughout theregion."

Jibril repeated an appeal he made in the U.N. General Assembly on Saturday for theSecurity Council to completely free up extensive Libyan assets it froze soon after theconflict started in the country.

The council has made a start on unfreezing the assets, releasing some $16 billion, butsays the process is complicated and will take time to avoid some assets falling into thehands of Gaddafi, his family or his associates.

Jibril said one result of releasing the assets would be to enable Libya to build up securityforces to put a stop to human rights violations such as retaliation against Africanimmigrants who have been suspected of fighting for Gaddafi.

"These vengeful acts do not reflect the policy of the NTC. They are horrendous acts thatwe vehemently reject," Jibril said. "Investigations will continue to get to the bottom ofthis," he said, adding that some Libyans had also been subjected to similar treatment by"some groups."

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Sahara - Morocco Renews Full Commitment to Pursue Negotiations for Political

Solution (Maghreb Arabe Presse, Rabat)

http://allafrica.com/stories/201109270089.html26 September 2011
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By MAP

New YorkMorocco reiterated, on Monday at the UN headquarters in New York, "itsfull commitment to continue and intensify the negotiating process to reach a mutuallyacceptable political solution to the regional dispute over the Moroccan Sahara, based on

the Moroccan autonomy initiative".

The autonomy initiative was "described as serious and credible by the Security Councilthrough six successive resolutions," Moroccan Foreign Minister Taib Fassi Fihri told themember states during the general debate of the 66th session of the UN GeneralAssembly.

This "bold and realistic initiative abides by the international legality, within theframework of the Kingdom's national unity and territorial sovereignty, away fromunilateral restrictive interpretations that only establish the status quo," Fassi Fihri said.

The UN Security Council Resolution 1979 (2011) has reaffirmed the basic parameters ofthe negotiation process, calling on all the parties to enter into a substantive, serious phaseof negotiation, and to show realism and a spirit of compromise towards finding acompromise solution, while urging neighboring countries to fully engage in thenegotiation process, he said.

"Each party must assume its responsibilities, particularly in light of the events under wayin the region, in order to seek seriously and in good faith to reach a political consensual,lasting solution to this regional dispute."

The minister voiced conviction that the reforms "undertaken by the Maghreb countriesare likely to give new momentum to the Maghreb integration, in accordance with theaspirations of the five peoples of the region.

In this context, Morocco, which endeavoured to revitalize its bilateral relations withAlgeria through ministerial visits, wishes that these visits will pave the way for fullnormalisation of relations between the two countries, including the reopening of landborders, in accordance with the principle of good neighborliness, Fassi Fihri said.

###

A setback for China in Africa (Foreign Policy Blog)

http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/09/26/a_setback_for_the_dragon26 September 2011By Kedar Pavgi

Chinese ambitions in Africa have been no secret to Western policymakers. In the past 7years, Beijing has devoted over $14 billion dollars to Africa, through a mixture of aid forresources packages and direct investment. However, the outcome of this weekend'sZambian presidential election could be an indication that the policy is beginning to
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backfire. Four-time candidate, and former train station sweeper Michael "King Cobra"Sata, was confirmed as the winner last Friday.

The Global Post reports:

Sata referred to Chinese investors as "infesters." He called for Chinese migrant workersto be expelled from Zambia. And he described Taiwan as a country, breaching Beijing'sobsessive "one China" policy, which considers Taiwan a rogue province rather than anindependent nation. China threatened to cut ties with Zambia if Sata won.

China responded to Banda's defeat with the same pragmatism as it had toward the loss offriendly regimes in South Sudan and Libya: It tried to befriend the new boss.

"As a friendly country of Zambia, China respects the Zambian people's choice and wouldlike to work with Zambia to promote friendship and expand mutually beneficialcooperation across the board," Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Hong Lei said in

Beijing.

But privately, the Chinese government must be worried. Sata has said he may implementcapital controls aimed at keeping foreign-exchange earnings in Zambia, Africa's biggestcopper producer and a country that has seen strong economic growth averaging 6 percentover the last three years. Foreign-exchange controls would prevent Chinese companiesfrom sending their profits home to China.

China relies extensively on its investment and foreign aid apparatus to bolster its softpower on the continent. A white paper released this past April by the Chinesegovernment went into more detail about the different components and extent of theiroperations. A significant portion of the monies are channeled through various Chinesestate owned corporations and banks to the countries that they have ties with, includingresources hubs Angola, D.R Congo, Sudan, and Zambia.

It will also trouble China Inc., as the election served as a vote of no confidence againsttheir existing projects within the country. As the Economist covered in April, thereputation of Chinese companies has been slowly crumbling with the regular reports ofpoor working conditions, routine bribery and environmental damage. In Zambia, aChinese built road was washed away by rainfall.

While Sata's election will not deter the Chinese from further investing in Zambia, it couldsignal the beginning of a trend in African politics for candidates to run on anti-Chineseplatforms. Much in the way that prominent Latin American leaders such as Hugo Chavezran on U.S-bashing platforms, African countries could see the beginnings of a similartype of movement to protest the wider abuses stemming from Chinese involvement. Howit affects further economic relations will be seen in the coming months

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Africa Says "Au Revoir" to U.S and "Bonjour" to France (PolicyMic)

http://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1761&op=no27 September 2011By William Bauer

Recently, I wrote an article for PolicyMic outlining that China was fast becoming thenew power in Africa, arguably because U.S. influence in Africa is declining. Indeed, it isan undeniable and unavoidable fact that U.S. power and influence is in declinethroughout the African continent.

During the 20th century, the U.S. was at the height of its influence in Africa, fullysupporting the fight by Africa's people for independence from European colonialempires. Today, however, the U.S. finds itself struggling to exert its influence over thecontinent; the lack of immediate leadership and action on Libya this year is the mostcontemporary highlight of this. This and the fact that the U.S. is deeply snared in theMiddle East and Central Asia points to a downward spiral of decline for U.S. influence in

Africa.

Nothing, however, is more symbolic of the decline of U.S. influence in Africa than thegrowth of influence for a certain country in its dealing with the continent in the past fiveyears. That country, of course, is France.

French military interventions in Libya, Chad, and Ivory Coast in the past three yearssupport this growth of French influence. In the case of Libya, France demonstrated itsclout through its leadership of the NATO military intervention. Equally, militaryinterventions in Chad and Ivory Coast demonstrate Frances willingness to actively

engage when there is a threat to civilian life and its interests. France has also undertakenan active role in the fight against Somalian piracy, ensuring that those who hijack shipsface justice. Therefore, through its implementation of military action in scenarios such asthese, France has demonstrated its willingness to engage on the continent far more thanthe U.S. has.

French President Nicolas Sarkozy has sought to forge close links with African states,furthering both French interests and multilateral cooperation by making France the go-between on important matters affecting the continent. This is most visible in his dealingswith Rwanda, where Sarkozy has sought to rebuild ties with a country whose presidenthas a personal grievance towards France for its role in the 1994 genocide. Indeed, asFrench civil servant Claude Guant states, Frances goal is to ensure good relationshipswith all states in Africa, as: To count, France must speak to everyone, and she can do

that more than other nations can. This has only produced mixed results in Africa, as a

leaked U.S. Embassy cable makes clear; but there can be no doubt that Frances newpolicy has led to its metamorphosis on the African political stage, displacing the U.S. onthe continent.

France has also increased its investment and aid to African countries. Quite a few of thesenations fall beyond what has normally been seen as the usually French sphere of
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Francophone African countries. Interestingly, South Africa is now a key part of French-African relations, which increasingly attract French investment. This is in stark contrastto the U.S., whose Aid to Africa itself in under threat of being cut. This, coupled withreluctance by U.S. companies and financial institutions to invest in Africa, means thatFrance has an almost unchallenged market to themselves. This in turn greatly increases

their influence throughout the continent.

France is now the major Western power in Africa, the contact-nation of choice and, insome instances, the nation that is willing to put its armed forces to work to resolvecomplicated situations. Under Nicolas Sarkozy, France has ceased to be a bystander inforeign policy and become a leading nation in international affairs, specifically ones tiedto Africa. This has only been possible because the U.S. has, in the past decade, focusedits attention elsewhere in other regions of the world. This lack of attention has allowedFrance to extend its reach and influence in Africa to fill the gap and become the mostinfluential Western power on the continent, whilst U.S. influence in Africa ebbs quietlyaway into the night.

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In North Africa, U.S. Improves Relations (PolicyMic)

http://www.policymic.com/article/show?id=1746&op=yes27 September 2011By Alexander Innes

The Arab Spring has upset the status quo in North Africa and the Middle East, providingopportunities for countries to re-engage with a region often seen as stagnant andunchangeable. The United States has taken the initiative and greatly increased U.S.presence in North Africa through intelligent and locally relevant programs. Because ofthis, and other factors, U.S. influence in North Africa, excluding Egypt, is poised toincrease should this constructive engagement continue.

In Morocco, Libya, and Tunisia we have seen increased attention to the needs of theircitizens and leaders, which will contribute to more positive relations in the future.

In Morocco, the first country to officially recognize the U.S. in 1777, the U.S. supportedthe July constitutional referendum, introduced by King Muhammad VI, to curb some ofhis powers. Although many will take issue with the considerable flaws in theconstitutional changes, the public and forthright support of the U.S. for the referendumwill certainly bode well for U.S. influence in the country.

In Tunisia, despite the initial hesitancy to support the revolution, the State Departmentand many other organizations both private and public, are now supporting the democraticmovement and are providing electoral and political support ranging from technicalassistance to training, and electoral polling. From my observation, most of this support isbeing provided without attempting to influence the outcome of the elections, a feat oftenlacking when the U.S. participates in other regional elections.
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In Libya, the U.S. played a significant, though not entirely leading role in assisting therevolution. The contrast between this international intervention and the intervention inIraq and Afghanistan could not be any greater. The U.S. rightly did not attempt to decidethe outcome for the Libyans, nor did the U.S. attempt to dictate the terms of the

interventionother than refusing to consider placing troops on the ground. This soft-approach to intervention has won the U.S. considerable soft power in Libya and willnot be forgotten. The U.S. is likely to reap the rewards both in terms of access to oil andnew markets, but also in terms of geo-political support, as it appears that Egypt will beunstable for a considerable amount of time.

The U.S. has lost, and will continue to lose influence in Egypt because of a myriad ofreasons, not the least of which is the considerable America-bashing coming from theruling Supreme Council of the Armed Forces. The Mubarak governments position on theIsrael-Palestine conflict was not supported by a large portion of the Egyptian public, andsince his ouster the Egyptian policy on this issue appears open to change. This issue is of

considerable concern for Israel and the U.S., and will remain an area of considerabletension for U.S.-Egyptian relations and thus will continue to limit U.S. influence inEgypt.

In total, the U.S. influence in North Africa is increasing, caused in no small part by theintelligent application of hard and soft power throughout the region. If the U.S.government continues to apply influence in a similar fashion, I suspect the image of theU.S. in this region, could become increasingly positive.

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Zambia makes Africa proud again (MMegi, Gaborone)

http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=9&aid=290&dir=2011/September/Tuesday2727 September 2011By MMegi

As the wave of political pluralism swept the world in the late 1980s and early 1990s,Zambia made history in 1991 when it became the first country in Africa to replace itsindependence hero through democratic elections.

Till then, political transitions in the continent had occurred through the barrel of the gun,death of the incumbent or retirement where a hand-picked successor took over after othercontenders had been unceremoniously locked out.

Now Zambia is once again in the headlines after another democratic transition in an erawhere incumbents are becoming increasingly difficult to remove through the ballot.After three failed attempts, Michael 'King Cobra' Sata, a former political enforcer of pastregimes, has dislodged Rupiah Banda from the Zambian State House through the ballotand not bullet. For the second time, a Zambian president has lost an election he'organised'. This is a first in a continent where yesterday's liberators have become today's
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monsters - clinging to power by hook or crook. Whenever such dictators leave, theymake sure they install their hand-picked puppets whom they would manipulate behind thescenes. What happened in Zambia last week must be rude news to entrenched Africandictators, one of whom was once reputed to have mused loudly how a tyrant can lose anelection he has organised. While third generation African leaders are becoming almost

impossible to remove and some - who have left power - rule through their proxies, wehope that once again, the Zambian example will be emulated elsewhere just like the 1991elections set the trend.

That year, the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) and its now deceased leader,Frederick Chiluba, set the pace and sensationally won multiparty elections to end thereign of the seemingly invincible independence hero, Kenneth Kaunda and his party,UNIP. By beating the venerable 'KK' in democratic elections, Chiluba surmounted whatwas thought to be an impossibility. It was a shock victory against a political giant whostrutted the African continent - and to some extent the world stage - like a colossus.Before he was kicked out of office, Kaunda had for nearly three decades established

himself as an elder African statesman with impeccable liberation credentials and astabilising factor in Zambian politics. Therefore, credit must go to the Zambian peoplefor embracing change in 1991 and showing Africa the way by ushering in a newgovernment when others thought this was a mirage. Unfortunately, the Zambian exampledid not resonate in the rest of the continent as entrenched political Big Men suddenlyrealised what was coming and employed subterfuge and strong-arm tactics to stay inpower. However, the first shot had hit the target and slowly but surely, other Big Menfell either through force or the ballot. Though Chiluba later became a Big Man too,seeking to cling to power, Zambians forced him to abandon such plans but not before hehand-picked a successor whom he safely navigated to State House. The protg, LevyMwanawasa, later turned on his puppet-master in an anti-corruption drive that won himglobal admiration. Mwanawasa's death in office did not however cause too muchpolitical disruption as his vice-president, Rupiah Banda, won the subsequent presidentialby-election. But, like Kaunda, Banda has made history by losing an election heorganised. So we say let those with ears to hear, hear the clarion call.

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Dalai Lama made to wait for S Africa visa (Al-Jazeera)

http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/09/20119279547125715.html27 September 2011By News Agencies

South Africa's inordinate delay in granting the Dalai Lama a visitor's visa has triggeredspeculations that Beijing is pressuring Pretoria to block the Tibetan spiritual leader's visit.

Dalai Lama intends to visit South Africa to attend the 80th birthday of his friend andfellow Nobel Peace Laureate, Archbishop Desmond Tutu.
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Clayson Monyela, spokesman for South Africa's foreign affairs department, denied therewas any pressure to block the Dalai Lama's visit.

He told Al Jazeera that South African officials had only received a complete visaapplication on September 20 and it was now being "subjected to the normal visa

application processes".

"Once the application is processed, the decision will be communicated to the applicant,not the media," Monyela said.

The South African High Commission in New Delhi, India, where the application wasmade, usually issues tourist visas within seven days.

The government denial has, however, failed to quell speculations. In fact, they werefuelled further after Kgalema Motlanthe, South Africa's deputy president, left for Chinaon a state visit on Monday.

The government's account has also been disputed by Sonam Tenzing, the Dalai Lama'srepresentative for Africa.

He said the visa application was made on August 29, including a photocopy of the DalaiLama's passport since he was travelling to Latin America. But Monyela maintained thatthe application was incomplete until they received the passport itself.

Commentators argue that tensions over the Dalai Lama's visa application to South Africaare also a sign of how powerful China's influence has grown in Africa.

Media criticism

South African newspapers are already drawing parallels between the situations ofTibetans under Chinese rule and black South Africans under the racist apartheid regimethat ended in 1994.

"Our leadership has a clear choice: to look deep into the African soul and emulate[Nelson] Mandela's actions by extending a hand of friendship, while at the same timeunderstanding that it won't, in fact, have any realimpact on our relations with China,'' said an editorial in the Daily Maverick.

Or, once again to yield as the people who will submit to the will of another nation, toconstrict our spirit and our standing as a moral society, and close our doors on a genuineman of peace and the justified hopes of hispeople.''

The Dalai Lama is to deliver the inaugural Desmond Tutu International Peace lecture,titled "Peace and compassion as catalyst for change,'' as part of the October 6-8 birthdaycelebrations for Tutu.


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The centre that invited the Dalai Lama says he first tried to apply for a visa in June butwas told it was too far ahead of his trip. Later South African officials said they could notprocess the visa with a photocopied passport of the Buddhist icon and had to wait for himto submit his original document.

"We've sent letters, following up on a daily basis with phone calls and still are in asituation where there is no response and it's getting us muchmore anxious,'' NomfundoWazala, CEO of the Desmond Tutu Peace Centre that has invited the Dalai Lama toSouth Africa, said.

"We have been patient, but we really feel at this point in time we deserve an answer.''

Tibetan cause

The Dalai Lama fled the Himalayan region in 1959 amid an abortive uprising against

Chinese rule and is reviled by Beijing as a separatist. China says Tibet has always beenpart of its territory, but many Tibetans say the region was virtually independent forcenturies.

The 76-year-old leader insists he is only seeking increased autonomy for Tibet, notindependence. He gave up his political role in the Tibetan exile movement in March, buthe remains its spiritual head, beloved by Buddhists around the world.

The Dalai Lama was welcomed to South Africa on his first visit in 1996 and had amemorable visit with the country's first black and democratically elected president,Nelson Mandela.

But in 2009, the South African government outraged many by banning the Dalai Lamafrom attending a Nobel laureates' peace conference, saying it would detract attentionfrom the 2010 football World Cup.

Tutu, revered for the part he played to end apartheid, called it "disgraceful'' and accusedthe government of "shamelessly succumbing to Chinese pressure'', a charge officialsdenied.

Monyela, spokesperson for South Africa's foreign affairs department, denied that theTibetan leader had ever been blocked from entering the country, arguing that the event"the Dalai Lama had been invited for had been cancelled" making the visa applicationnull and void.

China-Africa expert Martyn Davies said China's concern seemed to be over Dalai Lama'smeetings with high-ranking South African officials.

"If the Dalai Lama does come to South Africa, I do not see any reason for the Dalai Lamato meet with President [Jacob] Zuma or any other South African government official. He


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is a religious figure but with an overly politicised persona,'' Davies said by email fromBeijing.

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The Balkanization of Somalia

Analysis (Eurasia Review)http://www.eurasiareview.com/27092011-the-balkanization-of-somalia-analysis/27 September 2011By By Abdinur Mohamud

The debacle of the East Africa famine once again hit the international media in summer2011. Television reports showed the emaciated faces of children, women, and the elderlywho are encamped in refugee centers in Kenya and Somalia. The last time a devastatingfamine of similar magnitude hit the international media was in 1992, when tens ofthousands of Somalis perished due to starvation.The recurring East Africa famine is theresult not just of the natural, cyclical droughts in the region. Man-made reasons continue

to exacerbate the effect and reach of the disaster. These reasons include politicalinstability within Somalia as well as the inability of the international community toprepare and assist communities in advance to lessen the impact of the drought andprevent the development of a full-blown famine.

SomaliaPolitical instability within Somalia and the actions of the international community areclosely connected. By supporting regional actors inside Somalia, instead of supportingthe federal government, the international community is contributing to the centrifugalforces that keep the country weak, violent, and in a prolonged humanitarian crisis.

Naturally Occurring DroughtsSeasonal and cyclical droughts occur frequently, every decade or so, in the East Africaregion of Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea, and Djibouti. This part of the continent isprone to famine. Improving existing political and social instabilities and long-term foodproduction is key to averting future crises. The 1984 Ethiopian and 1992 Somalia faminesproduced an outpouring of international support that included the song We are the

World and the deployment of U.S. and other international troops to Somalia in what wasknown as OperationRestore Hope. In both cases, scenes on television screens showingthe plight of the victims including malnourished children literally dying on the screenforced governments and humanitarian organizations to act swiftly.

The troops sent to Somalia were mainly deployed to open food passages blocked byfeuding warlord militia throughout the country and to get emergency aid to heavilyimpacted regions. After the killing of 18 U.S. rangers by clan militia fighting for controlof Mogadishumade famous in the film Black Hawk Down, President Bill Clintonpulled U.S. troops out of Somalia, prematurely ending what could have been a successfulhumanitarian mission.
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The current drought was predictable and, indeed, forecasted much earlier to hit theregion. With a lot of preplanning and strengthening of local coping mechanisms,structures and institutions, most nations in the region were able to keep the crisis undercontrol with some receiving assistance from international humanitarian organizations.Complicating aid efforts, however, have been the prolonged Somali political instability

and the ongoing conflict between the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somaliaand the al-Qaeda-affiliated al-Shabab (the youth), the latter controlling most of southernSomalia. The severe droughts turned into a devastating famine that effectively killedand/or displaced tens of thousands of men, women, and children. Kenya alone hostsmany refugee centers close to its Somalia border with hundreds of families arriving on adaily basis. As a result of a travel ban from al-Shabab, international humanitarianorganizations stationed in Nairobi, Kenya found it difficult to send staff to affected areasand are depending on second-hand information from locally subcontracted organizations.For many years Mogadishu was off-limits to UN and other Western staff, and a visit by ahead of state outside of the region was inconceivable.

The courageous visit to Mogadishu earlier this summer by Turkish Prime Minister RecepTayyip Erdogan and members of his government opened Somalia up to the rest of theworld and helped restore international confidence in the relative security of the city. Thevisit created more opportunities for other delegations to witness the crisis firsthand. Theself-imposed UN travel ban outside of Mogadishu airport, limiting UN staff to a green-zone-type corridor around the airport secured by the African Union Mission in Somalia(AMISOM), prevents UN international staff from going out of the compound to interactwith the refugees, even in government-controlled areas.

Political InstabilitySince the fall of the central government in 1991, Somalia has been engulfed in an internalcivil strife that killed and maimed hundreds of thousands of people and destroyed publicinstitutions, national infrastructure, and the machinery of the state. More than 16international conferences failed to resolve the conflict and reconstitute the Somali state.Sensing the long debacle, the northern region of the country seceded from Somalia in1991 to form a new governmental entity called Somaliland, an administration seeking butnot receiving formal recognition as an independent African state. A few years later, theeastern region, observing the relative safety and nascent self-governance progressachieved in the north and the ongoing chaos in the south, formed a slightly differentpolitical dispensation called Puntland that decided to remain within the umbrella of thestate but established a quasi-independent regional administration. Like Somaliland,Puntland was able to achieve relative peace and stabilitytwo critical elements absent inthe national government.

The Transitional Federal Government of Somalia meanwhile continues to struggle tomaintain law and order and good governance in the face of a devastating famine and anongoing deadly existential conflict with al-Shabab. Eight thousand African troopsstationed in Mogadishu under the auspices of the African Union assist the government inpreventing al-Shabab from a wholesale national takeover. The politically and militarilyfragile TFG has little if any of the political, financial, and social capital necessary to


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project the status of a sovereign state locally and internationally, or capable of protectingits borders from enemies, foreign and domestic. As a consequence, Somalia becamedependent on regional and international actors including the United States, UN, and theEU. As such, Somalia today is largely governed by Ambassador Augustine P. Mahiga, aTanzania-born UN diplomat and envoy who coordinates the political and security

activities of diverging regional and international actors and literally holds the pursethrough the UN Development Program (UNDP) on all internationally funded projects inSomalia.

A large portion of the international funds is used for AU forces stationed in Somalia andfor direct payments to Somali army and police bypassing the TFG. Rampant corruptionand mismanagement at all levels of the TFG has allegedly caused the internationalcommunity to circumvent the government altogether and deal with clients directly. For itslivelihood, the TFG depends on revenue collected from the Mogadishu port and airport.These funds pay for public-employee salaries as well as other government-supportedprojects in areas under TFG control. But progress toward functioning statehood in

Somalia is hampered by widespread corruption in the Somali government and lack ofinitiatives to rebuild public institutions by the international community necessary to runthe daily political, financial, and social affairs of the state.

The diverging interest of regional states and the international community is making itmore difficult if not impossible for Somalis to resolve their longstanding conflict andallow a fully functioning Somali state to emerge. Regional states with their own securityand strategic interests, particularly Ethiopia, Kenya, and Eritrea, often promote covertand sometimes overt policies and activities that continue to destabilize Somalia. Eritreas

continued support of al-Shabab, for example, and Ethiopias endorsement of Ahlu SunnaWal Jamaa (ASWJ), arguably the most efficient and organized militia opposed to al-Shabab, puts the two rival nations on opposite ends of the Somali conflict, essentiallymaking Somalia their battleground. Kenya also is flexing its muscles with the creation ofa buffer zone and a proxy Somali regional entity to manage the area called Azania.Thanks to released documents by Wikileaks, the world recently learned that the U.S.government strongly opposed the Kenyan plan behind closed doors, even though theKenyans proceeded with it anyway.

U.S. Dual-Track PolicySince pulling troops out of Somalia in 1993, the United States kept a hands-off approach,often using local warlords as proxies to enhance security and intelligence againstreligious extremists. This was part of the larger U.S. global policy on the war on terror.With the conspicuous failure to stop the expansion of religious extremists throughoutSomalia, compounded by foreign elements returning from wars in Iraq and Afghanistan,the United States slowly moved its support away from the TFG. Instead of empoweringthe legitimately and internationally recognized government of Somalia to establish thenecessary political, economic, military and social intuitions and infrastructure ofgovernance, the United States adopted what it called a dual-track policy. Whileassisting the central administration, the United States was also planting the seeds to


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encourage the sprouting of quasi-independent local and regional administrations withinand outside the government.

Critics argue that the policy lacks a third track that converges with the dual track toproduce the desired result of a stronger and unified Somalia. Others contend that the

policy itself is a culmination of recycled ideas, such as the so-called building blocsapproach that recognizes Somalia as multiple, self-governing, independent entities ratherthan as a single state. Whatever its ultimate aim, the policy emboldened the formation ofclan-propelled regional authorities, often creating sub-regions within a recognized region,ostensibly positioning them for funding support and power-sharing.

If Somalia is to become a federal state, like Nigeria for example, the center-peripheryrelationship must ensure socially stable and diverse regions. Generally, many Somalisprefer a unitary decentralized state, while others feel a federal system consisting of northand south is most suitable. A federal system consisting of the original eight regions of1960 or the 18 regions during the military regime is also proposed by others to be more

practical than the current chaotic ethnic-driven regional administrations. Some stillcontend that a combination of the eight regions of 1960 into four territorially largerentities ensuring diversity, stability and access to the sea may be the ideal regionalcomponents of a federal system that can sustain a strong central administration able toproject national power, sovereignty, and prestige. A weaker central government, on theother hand, with stronger but erratic regional administrations (as some regional andinternational actors have promoted behind the scenes) will undoubtedly lead to new clan-driven regional rivalries that may continue conflict and human suffering.

The bottom-up approach of the dual-track policy would have worked better if it hadencouraged the TFG to enhance the development of legitimate regional administrations,in accordance with the Somali national charter, establishing clear demarcationsrecognizing the diversity of clan composition within each distinct region. The policy,however, inadvertently propelled the creation of dozens of regional administrations, somewith real control of people and territory, with others imagined regional states run fromabroad.

More than 20 presidents of so-called emerging regional administrations have just beenelevated to the national scene by the international community attending a conference oftheir own in Nairobi, Kenya, inadvertently undermining and weakening the centraladministration thus complicating the already complex international quagmire that isSomalia. The mushrooming of regional administrations and the sidelining of the centraladministration by the international community are clear threats to Somalias sovereignty

and territorial integrity.

As an illustration of the effects of the U.S. policy, the Danish government is engaged inbuilding a primary school in Mogadishu bypassing the TFG and taking the deal directlyto the local community using AMISOM as its fiscal agent and local interlocutor. This actclearly demonstrates the endorsement of the U.S. policy by members of the internationalcommunity.


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The United States, UN, and regional governments handling the Somali case are quietlymanaging what ought to be called trusteeship in Somalia without the necessary

obligations to take full responsibility for what goes wrong in their policies includingwidespre

AFRICOM Related News Clips 28 September 2011

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