Africa waste week 2015: A Case Study
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Waste Management Business Models in South Africa
Nadine Steyn
Research Analyst in the
Energy & Environment Business Unit at
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Frost & Sullivan A trusted global growth partner with over 50 years of experience
Over 40 offices
globally
Market intelligence and
global consulting
services
Global number of
employees: over
2000
12 focus industries
Energy & Environment
Information Communication Technology
Health Care
Automotive
Chemicals, Material & Food
Asked by client to research a certain industry or theme
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Waste management business models in Africa
• Cape Town • Johannesburg • Tshwane
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Waste defined How waste is defined in South Africa
WASTE
Any waste that containing
organic or inorganic elements
or compounds that may have a
detrimental impact on health
and the environment
Any waste that does not
pose an immediate hazard
or threat to health or to the
environment
Hazardous General
Source: NEMWA (26 of 2014); Frost & Sullivan
Key take away: waste is organised according two defined groups
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General waste Examples of general waste
Domestic waste
Commercial waste
Building and demolition waste Inert waste
Source: National Waste Information Baseline Report 2012); NEMWA 2014; Frost & Sullivan
0
10
20
30
40
Per
cen
tage
Waste type
General waste
General waste
Key take away: general waste comprises mainly commercial, building, inert and domestic waste
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Hazardous waste Examples of hazardous waste
As South Africa seems to be moving to a more services based economy, Frost & Sullivan believe that this figure of 1% is likely to increase due increases in e-waste
Source: National Waste Information Baseline Report 2012); NEMWA 2014; Frost & Sullivan
Residue deposits
Residue stockpile
Commercial and industrial waste
Hazardous waste
Key take away: hazardous waste comprises mainly commercial and industrial waste, residue stockpiles and residue deposits
55%
44%
1%
Waste Composition as percentage of Total Waste Generated in South Africa,
2011
General
Unclassified
Hazardous
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The role of municipalities and private participants in the South
African waste sector
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Private versus municipality The types of waste handled by each
Domestic waste
Commercial waste
Industrial waste
Medical waste
Natural waste
Municipality Private participants
Source: COCT 2015 ; Frost & Sullivan
Key take away: hazardous waste comprises mainly commercial and industrial waste, residue stockpiles and residue deposits
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The ideal process As observed from the three cities examined
1.Sorting waste on site 2. Collecting and transporting general waste 3. Managing the transfer station 4. Transporting waste to landfill 5. Landfill management 6. Transport recycling 7. Sorting, treating and finally selling recycled material 8.Transport to landfill 9.Transport to compost facility 10. Compost waste 11. The onsite treatment of hazardous waste 12.Transporting hazardous material 13. Neutralise or encase hazardous waste 14. Transport to landfill 15.Collect and transport pre- sorted recycling 16. Waste is disposed of at drop-off sites
Transfer station
Collection
Hazardous waste Treatment
5
2
3 4
1
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
Garden site
13
14
Drop-off
16
Key take away: the fundamental investments lie in waste collection, transportation, treatment, minimisation and finally disposal
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Waste management in Cape Town
What the municipality offer versus the private sector
Key take away: The municipality in Cape Town actively takes part in all waste activities except for those involving hazardous waste, while the private sector offer all services
Municipality Private participants
Transfer station
Collection
Hazardous waste Treatment reuse
Garden site
Drop-off
Manufacturer
Composter
Landfill
Transfer station
Collection
Hazardous waste Treatment reuse
Garden site
Drop-off
Manufacturer
Composter
Landfill
Source: COCT; COJ; COT; GreenCape Frost & Sullivan
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Waste management in Johannesburg What the municipality offer versus the private sector
Municipality Private participants
Transfer station
Collection
Hazardous waste Treatment reuse
Garden site
Drop-off
Transfer station
Collection
Hazardous waste Treatment reuse
Garden site
Drop-off
Key take away: The municipality in Johannesburg, through Pikitup collect general waste, transport it to landfill and offer garden refuse sites as a drop-off point for green waste that is thereafter sold to composter or sent to landfill. The private sector offer all services.
Manufacturer
Composter
Landfill
Manufacturer
Composter
Landfill
Source: COCT; COJ; COT; GreenCape Frost & Sullivan
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Waste management in Tshwane What the municipality offer versus the private sector
Municipality Private participants
Transfer station
Collection
Hazardous waste Treatment reuse
Garden site
Drop-off
Transfer station
Collection
Hazardous waste Treatment reuse
Garden site
Drop-off
Key take away: The municipality in Tshwane collect general waste, transport it to transfer stations and then straight to landfill . The municipality aslso offer garden refuse sites as a drop-off point for green waste however it is sent directly to landfill. The private sector offer all services.
Manufacturer
Composter
Landfill
Manufacturer
Composter
Landfill
Source: COCT; COJ; COT; GreenCape Frost & Sullivan
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Waste management in the informal settlement
Households
Households
Households
Households
No recycling takes place
throughout the process
Source: COCT; COJ; COT; GreenCape Frost & Sullivan
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Noteworthy initiatives
implemented by big business in
South Africa
-Woolworths -Hotel Verde
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Recycle: • in-store signage • carry baskets • plastic hangers (Hangerman recycling
project.) All upgraded shelving is made from recycled materials. Replaced cardboard boxes with reusable plastic solutions The majority of packaging is made from recycled materials Established recycling drop-off sites at Engen Garages and at selected food stores and provides drop-off sites for certain types of eWaste within their stores.
Woolworths
Source: Woolworths Holdings Limited 2014 Good Business Journey Report; Woolworths 2015; Frost & Sullivan
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Hotel Verde
Greenest hotel in the world after receiving its second
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
Platinum Green Building Certification by the United
States Green Building Council partly for its world class waste
management solutions.
The hotel is one of six hotels in the world and the only one in
Africa.
Verdino in-house sustainability currency.
Source: Hotel Verde 2015; Frost & Sullivan
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Future trends in waste management
business models
Municipalities focus on general waste generated
by residents.
Municipalities favour contracting
private players
Private participants waste minimisation services are increasing in demand.
Private participants begun to provide a wider service
offering including treatment and recycling of waste.
Growing need for on site waste management.
The National Waste Management Strategy set
optimistic targets of establishing 2600
new SME’s and 69, 000 new jobs by
2016.
On site waste management has
include waste data management and
reporting.
Source: NWMS; GreenCape Frost & Sullivan
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Opportunities in waste management
There is a need for additional
composting facilities
Formalise cooperatives
Intercept waste collected
from the informal settlements for recyclables
Recycling in informal settlements.
There is need for more transfer stations and continued maintenance and upgrading of current infrastructure.
Specialised on site waste management services
There is a noteworthy opportunity in the diversion of waste to landfill. The profile of the type of business most likely to be successful in this space is small, flexible and has access to
innovative project funding models. More garden refuse sites are needed across the country.
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Opportunities in recycling
Informal
Informal
Informal
Informal
Low income
Middle income
High income
Manufacturers
Recycled by-products
Policy
Standardised By-laws
Source: Frost & Sullivan
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Thank you
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Nadine Steyn Research Analyst Energy & Environment
+27 (0)21 680 3563