Africa Today
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Transcript of Africa Today
Africa TodayAfrica Today
Economic Dependence, Urbanization, South Africa
Ending Economic DependenceEnding Economic Dependence
Colonial legacies left African nations dependent on western countries
How to become economically independent?
Ending Economic DependenceEnding Economic Dependence
1. Develop agriculture No cash crops
Ending Economic DependenceEnding Economic Dependence
2. Limit imports Goal is to export more than you import Sell more than you buy
Food exports
Ending Economic DependenceEnding Economic Dependence3. Dealing with a
population explosion Birth rates are
increasing Better health care =
lower death rate
Life expectancy
3. Dealing with a population explosion
Need schools, houses, and jobs
Must provide family planning to slow the birth rate
Ending Economic DependenceEnding Economic Dependence
Economic GrowthEconomic Growth
Fastest growing African economies in 1999
Source: http://www.iss.co.za/Pubs/ASR/10No2/Trends.html
Economic GrowthEconomic Growth
Fastest contracting African economies in 1999
Economic GrowthEconomic Growth
African world exports of foodstuffs in 1980 and 1996
Economic GrowthEconomic Growth
According to the United Nations in 2003,
26 out of 50 of the Least Developed Countries in the world are African.
UrbanizationUrbanization
Growth of African cities The percent of Africans living in cities
1990: ~25% 2003: 38% By 2025: 54%
Percent of U.S. population in cities 1990: ~75% 2003: 80%
WesternizationWesternization
Western cultureculture and technology technology is everywhere in African citiesWhy might that be?
Using western technology to develop, technology loaned from the West, etc.
Movies, magazines, etc.
Some Africans have begun to oppose westernization Islamic groups with ties to the Middle East are
against western influence They believe it glorifies individual desires and
material goods
WesternizationWesternization
The movie “Black Hawk Down” was based on true events in which African Islamic fundamentalists with ties to Osama Bin Laden attacked American helicopters in Somalia
Case Study: South AfricaCase Study: South Africa
South Africa has had trouble modernizing.After WWII (1948), the white Nationalist party
enforced racial segregation
Apartheid: rigid separation of races Nonwhites could not vote Could only hold certain jobs and live in certain areas
Apartheid continued through the 1960s
Protestors began fighting back They gained the attention of the world
Case Study: South AfricaCase Study: South Africa
The world began putting pressure on South Africa to stop apartheid
Nelson Mandela, a famous black African leader, was captured and imprisoned in 1964
Case Study: South AfricaCase Study: South Africa
Mandela was released from prison in 1990 When the first inter-racial elections were
held, he was elected as President of the new South African government
Case Study: South AfricaCase Study: South Africa
Case Study: South AfricaCase Study: South Africa
Mandela is still revered as a hero of civil rights among South Africans.
Arts and LiteratureArts and Literature
Art, music, and storytelling continue to play a large part in African culture since prehistoric times
Griot: traditional African storyteller Most African art focuses on the rich cultural
heritage of different regions
Arts and LiteratureArts and Literature
Arts and LiteratureArts and Literature