AFM Keywords
Transcript of AFM Keywords
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Unit-1
1. Describe The objectives and importance of accounting
1. Definition of accounting
2. Objectives of accounting.
3. Trading and P&L accounts
4. Balance sheet
5. 1. To ascertain business operation
6. 2. To determine The financial position of The business
7. 3. To generate information from accounting record
8. Importance of accounting
9. 1. The owners of a business furnish capital
10. 2. Creditors
11. 3. Investors
12. 4. Employees
13. 5. Government
14. 6. Public
15. 7. Research scholar
16. 8. Manager
17. Functions of financial accounting
18. 1. Book keeping function
19. 2. Classification of information
20. 3. Preparation of financial accounting
21. 4. Segregating financial transactions
22. 5. Interpretation of financial data
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23. 6. Reporting of information
24. 7. Providing accurate information
25. 8. Providing reliable information
2. Explain The scope of management accounting
1. Definition of management accounting
2. Definition of cost accounting
3. Characteristic of management accounting
4. 1. Providing financial information.
5. 2. Cause and effect analysis
6. 3. Use of special techniques and concepts
7. 4. Decision making
8. 5. No fixed convention
9. 6. Achievement of objectives
10. 7. Improving efficiency
11. 8. Forecasting
12. 9. Providing of information not for decision
13. Scope of management accounting
14. 1. Financial accounting
15. 2. Cost accounting
16. 3. Budgeting and forecasting
17. 4. Inventory control
18. 5. Statistical analysis
19. 6. Analysis of data
20. 7. Internal audit
21. 8. Methods and procedures
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22. Merits of management accounting
23. Demerits of management accounting
24. 1. Weakness of source record
25. 2. Mixed discipline
3. What is GAAP? Explain The criteria of accounting principles ?
1. Definition of GAAP
2. Accounting concepts
3. 1. Business Entity concept
4. 2. Dual aspect concept
5. 3. Going concern concept
6. 4. Accounting period concept
7. 5. Money measurement concept
8. 6. Historical Cost concept
9. 7. Revenue recognition concept
10.8. Periodic matching of cost and revenue concept
11.9. Verifiable objective evidence concept
12.10. Accrual concept
13. Accounting conventions
14.1. Convention of disclosure
15.2. Convention of disclosure
16.3. Convention of consistency
17.4. Convention of conservatism
18. Accounting Standards
19. 1 Significance of Accounting Standards
20. 2 Advantages of setting Accounting Standards
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21. 3 Criticisms against setting of Accounting Standards
22.4 Back ground for The development of Accounting Standards
23.5 Function and scope of The Accounting Standards Board
24.6 The various Accounting Standards existing in India include
25.
4. Explain The inflation accounting?
1. Definition of inflation accounting
2. Different methods of inflation accounting
3. 1. Current purchase power method
4. 2. Current cost accounting method
5. 3. Hybrid method
6. Steps for preparing financial statements under CPP method
7. 1. Determining The conversion
8. 2. Mid period conversion
9. 3. Gain or loss on monetary items
10. Calculation of gain or loss on monetary items
11. Methods of computing general price level gain or loss
12. 1. Conversion factor for opening item
13.2. Conversion factor for change in item during The year
14. 3. First in first out
15. 4. Last in first out
16. 5. Conversion method or restatement of income method
17.6. Net change method
18. 7. Current cost accounting method
19. Characteristics of current cost accounting
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20. Preparation of financial statement
21. Preparation of income statement
22. 1. Cost of sales adjustment
23. 2. Depreciation adjustment account
24. 3. Monetary working capital adjustment
25. 4. Gearing adjustment
5. Discuss The concept of human resource accounting. Explain its importance in present
context?
1. Definition of human resource accounting
2. Assumptions of human resource accounting
3. 1. Removes The bottlenecks of conventional accounting
4. 2. Financial and physical in nature
5. 3. HR is treated as asset
6. 4. HR is easily identified
7. 5. Useful for management for decision making
8. Objectives of HRA
9. 1. Making decision at The investors and managers level
10.2. Evidence The return on human investment
11.3. To report The worth of human resources to The orgn and society
12. Method of valuation
13.1. Economic value approach
14. 2. Historic cost method
15. 3. Earning method
16. Advantages of HRA
17.1. Establishes The quantitative information
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18. 2. Absenteeism of labor could be easily assessed
19.3. Illustrate The requirement of human capital
20.4. Guide to know The attitude of The human resource
21. 5. To develop new strategy to correct
22. Limitations of HRA
23. 1. HR cannot be legally owned
24.2.HR cannot be s n as asset at par
25.3.HRA requires attention towards The existing wage and salary system
Unit-2
1. Explain clearly about various types of companies?
1. Definition of company
2. The characteristics of The company
3. Voluntary association of person
4. Separate legal entity
5. Definition of common seal
6. Perpetual succession
7. Limited company
8. Statutory books
9. The main statutory books
10. Book of account
11. Long term source of finance
12. Types of long term source of finance
13. Issue of shares
14. Types of companies/
15. Statutory company
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16. Registered company
17. Company limited by shares
18. Company limited by guarantee
19. Private company
20. The characteristics of private company
21. Foreign company
22. The characteristics of public company
23. Government Company
24. Holding company
25. Subsidiary company
2. What is share capital? Explain The types of share capital?
1. Share capital
2. Classification of shares
3. Equity share
4. Preference shares
5. Deferred share
6. Types of preference shares
7. Participating preference share
8. Non participating preference share
9. Cumulative preference share
10. Non cumulative preference share
11. Redeemable preference share
12. Irredeemable preference share
13. Advantages of Deferred share
14. Types of share capital
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15. Authorized share capital
16. Issued share capital
17. Subscribed share capital
18. Called-up share capital
19. Paid up share capital
20. Partly paid up capital
21. Prospectus
22. The stages for collecting share capital
23. Allotment
24. Share call
25. Calls-in-arrears
3. Give an imaginary form of balance sheet appropriate account of a limited company?
1. The objective of financial statement
2. The financial statements requirements and contents
3. The legal frame work for financial statement
4. True and Fair view
5. Balance sheet
6. Horizontal balance sheet
7. The adjustment for share capital in balance sheet
8. Reserves and surplus
9. Capital reserve
10. Revenue reserve
11. Free reserve
12. Specific reserve
13. Secured loan
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14. Partly secured
15. Unsecured loan
16. Current liabilities
17. Contingent liability
18. Fixed assets
19. Investment
20. List items in The current assets
21.Sundry debtors
22.Different between current asset and current liabilities
23.Miscellaneous expenditure
24.The adjustment for provision of bad debts
25.The journal entry for drawing from capital
4. Give an imaginary form of profit and loss account appropriate account of a limited
company?
1. The basic information are required for preparing final accounts
2. Profit and loss account
3. The requirements as to profit and loss account
4. Content of The profit and loss account
5. The vertical form of profit and loss account
6. Some common points for preparing financial statements
7. Some important point for preparing financial statements
8. Some adjustment in P&L A/C
9. Deferred tax
10.Deferred tax assets
11.Deferred liabilities
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12. Permanent difference
13. Timing difference
14. Managerial remuneration
15. The remuneration when profits are inadequate
16. Remuneration to directors classified
17. An executive director
18. Non executive director
19. Credit disallowed
20.List some of The admissible expenses
21.List some of The inadmissible expenses
22.The format for calculating admissible profits
23. Definition of dividend
24. The sources for payment of dividend
25. Capital profit
5. Discuss briefly about The types of dividend?
1. Declaration of dividend from out of accumulated reserves
2. Depreciation
3. Depreciation can be calculated
4. Types of calculating depreciation
5. Straight line method of depreciation
6. Written down method of depreciation
7. The rule for arrear of depreciation
8. Past losses
9. Types of dividend
10. Interim dividend
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11. Final dividend
12. Scrip dividend
13. About unpaid dividend account
14. The payment of interest out of capital
15. Bonus shares
16. Advantages of bonus shares
17. Advantage of bonus share in company point of view
18. Advantage of bonus share in shareholders point of view
19. Guidelines for bonus issue
20. Changing in The guideline of bonus shares
21. The journal entry for bonus share in P&L A/c
22. The journal entry for bonus share in share capital A/c
23. The journal entry for bonus share in share call A/c
24. Alteration of share capital
25. Consolidating of share capital
Unit-3
1. Explain The various methods of classification of ratios
1. Methods Of Classification Of Ratios
2. The ratios can be classified according to accounting statement
3. Balance sheet ratio
4. P&l a/c ratio
5. Inter-statement ratios
6. The ratios can be classified according to time
7. Structural ratio
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8. Trend ratio
9. The ratios can be classified according to importance
10. Primary ratio
11. Secondary ratio
12. The ratios can be classified according to test satisfied
13. The ratios can be classified according to nature
14. Meant by liquidity ratio
15. Turnover ratio
16. Profitability Ratio
17. The significance of liquidity ratios
18. Current ratio
19. The components of current asset
20. General guidelines of current asset ratio
21. The components of liquid ratio
22. General guidelines of liquid ratio
23. Net profit ratio
24. General guidelines of net profit ratio
25. The components of net profit ratio
2. detail about The turnover ratio and solvency ratio
1. Inventory turnover or stock turnover ratio
2. The formula for inventory turnover ratio
3. debtor turnover ratio
4. The formula for debtor turnover ratio
5. Working capital
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6. Creditors turnover ratio
7. The formula for creditors turnover ratio
8. Working capital turnover ratio
9. The formula for working capital turnover ratio
10. Fixed asset turnover ratio
11. The formula for fixed asset turnover ratio
12. Capital turnover ratio
13. The formula for capital turnover ratio
14. Solvency ratio
15. The standard expected in current ratio
16. Liquid ratio
17. The standard expected in liquid ratio
18. The formula for liquid ratio
19. Absolute ratio
20. The formula for absolute ratio
21. Debt equity ratio
22. The formula for debt equity ratio
23. Propriety ratio
24. The formula for propriety ratio
25. Capital gearing ratio
3. Explain The procedure for preparing cash flow statement
1. Cash flow statement
2. The scope of cash flow statement
3. Benefits of cash flow statement
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4. The limitations of cash flow statement
5. The steps for preparation of cash flow statement
6. The source of cash
7. Cash from operations
8. Compute of cash from operations
9. Compute of funds from operations
10.The items are reduced from The funds from operations
11. The calculation of cash from operations
12. The formula for credit sales and debtors on cash flow
13. The formula for credit purchase and credit on cash flow
14. The formula for unsold goods in stock on cash flow/
15. The formula for outstanding expenses on cash flow
16. The formula for income received in advance on cash flow
17. The formula for prepaid expenses on cash flow
18. The formula for accrued incomes on cash flow
19. External sources of cash
20. The fresh issue of shares
21. Issues of debentures or binds
22.The companies go for long term borrowing
23. The applications of cash
24.Redemption of debentures and preference share
25. Cash outflow
4. Bring out The managerial benefits of funds flow statement
1. Funds Flow Statement
2. Gross Working Capital
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3. Net Working Capital
4. The balance sheet classified
5. The non-current liabilities
6. Non-current asset
7. Items Comes Under Non-Current Liabilities
8. Items comes under non-current assets
9. Goodwill
10. Suspense A/c
11. Patent right
12. The objectives of funds flow statement
13. The benefits of funds flow statement
14. Transactions that will not affect The floe of funds
15. The guidelines for transaction analysis
16. The significance of funds flow statement
17. The limitations of funds flow statement
18. The guidelines for preparation of funds flow statement
19. The funds from operation
20. Non-trading incomes
21. Non-trading gains
22. The external sources of funds
23. The applications of funds
24. The issue of long term investments
25. The treatment of provision for taxation
5. Describe The importance of financial statement analysis
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1. Financial statement
2. Profit and loss accounts statement
3. Surplus statement
4. Supplementary schedules
5. Balance sheet
6. The nature of financial statements
7. The postulates
8. Personal judgmental
9. The functions of financial
10. The merits for management from financial statements
11. Financier
12. Limitations of financial statements
13. The techniques of analysis and interpretation
14. Comparative statement analysis
15. Common size statement
16. The limitations of financial statement analysis
17. The networking capital analysis
18. Trend analysis
19. The Merits of trend analysis
20. Comparative balance sheet
21. Comparative income statement
22. External analysis
23.Difference between horizontal and vertical analysis
24. Horizontal balance sheet analysis
25. Vertical balance sheet analysis
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Unit-4
1. What are The basic elements of cost Explain The cost control measures around Them
1. Definition of cost
2. Definition of costing
3. Definition of cost accounting
4. Definition of cost accountancy
5. The objective of cost accounting
6. The merits of cost accounting
7. The functions of cost accountant
8. Definition of direct material
9. Definition of indirect material
10. Definition of direct laour
11. Definition of indirect labour
12. The direct expenses
13. Indirect expenses
14. The cost can be classified
15. Cost can be classified according to nature
16. Cost can be classified according to relevance to decision making
17. Cost can be classified according to controllability
18. Cost can be classified according to normality
19. Cost can be classified according to function
20. Semi-variable
21. Definition of fixed cost
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22. Definition of variable cost
23. Definition of semi-fixed cost
24. Definition of step cost
25. The system of costing
2. Explain The methods and techniques of costing
1. Methods of costing
2. Specific order costing
3. Definition of operating costing
4. Definition of job costing
5. Definition of contract costing
6. Definition of batch costing
7. Process costing
8. Advantages of operating costing
9. Definition of unit or output costing
10. Multiple costing
11. Historical costing
12. Standard costing
13. Marginal costing
14. Uniform costing
15. Definition of direct costing
16. Absorption costing
17. The characteristics of cost accounting
18. Prime cost
19. Work cost
20. Reduction cost
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21. Overheads
22. Production cost
23. Definition of Efficiency
24. Selling cost
25. Distribution cost
3. Explain The inventory valuation techniques
1. Inventory valuation
2. The objective of inventory valuation
3. To determine The trading profit
4. To determine The financial position using inventory valuation/
5. Methods of stocktaking
6. Periodic inventory
7. Perpetual inventory system
8. Historical cost
9. Valuation The inventory
10. Market price
11. Net realizable value method/
12. Replacement cost
13. Methods of determining The historical cost of inventories
14. FIFO method/
15. The merits of FIFO
16. The demerits of FIFO
17. LIFO
18. The merits of LIFO
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19. The demerits of LIFO
20. Weighted average price method/
21. The merits of weighted average price method
22. The demerits of weighted average price method
23. Base stock
24. Standard price method/
25. Zero base stock
4. Describe The various methods of joint product and by product
1. Definition of Joint product
2. Definition of by product
3. Difference between joint product and by-product
4. Accounting for joint product
5. Methods for joint product accounting
6. Physical units method of joint product accounting
7. Average unit cost method of joint product
8. The advantages of average unit cost
9. The disadvantage of average unit cost
10. The survey method of joint product accounting
11. The advantage of survey method/
12. The disadvantage of survey method
13. Standard cost method
14. Contribution margin method
15. Market value method in joint product method
16. The market value at The split-off point
17. The market value after furTher processing
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18. The market value less furTher processing costs
19. Net value method
20. Accounting for by-product
21. Non-costing method of by-product
22. Miscellaneous income method
23. Reverse cost method
24. The total cost less sales value of by-product
25. Cost methods of by-product
5. Explain The term variance? Mention the classification of variance
1. Variance analysis mean
2. The variance analysis can be classified
3. Material price variance
4. Material usage variance
5. The material revised usage variance
6. The material yield variance/
7. Material mix variance
8. Labour cost variance
9. Labour cost variance
10. Labour efficiency variance
11. Idle time variance
12. Labour mix variance
13. Variable overhead cost variance
14. Variable expenditure variance/
15. Variable overhead efficiency variance
16. Fixed overhead cost variance
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17. Fixed overhead expenditure variance
18. Fixed overhead volume variance
19. Sales value variance/
20. Sales value price variance/
21. Sales value volume variance
22. The sales value mix variance
23. The sales quantity variance
24. Sales margin price variance
25. Sales margin quantity variance mean
Unit-5
1. Explain The significance of computerized accounting system in detail
1. The accounting system
2. The process of accounting system
3. The information processes
4. Recording in information processes
5. Maintaining in information processes
6. Reporting in information processes
7. The salient features of computerized accounting
8. The fast, powerful, simple and integrated system/
9. Complete visibility
10. The computerized accounting is accuracy and speed
11.Computerized accounting is scalability
12. power of computerized accounting
13. The computerized accounting improved business performance
14. The computerized accounting is used for quick decision
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15. Computerized accounting is complete reliability
2. Discuss the limitations of a computer and computerized Accounting?1. Cost of Installation2. Cost of Training
3. Self Decision Making4. Maintenance5. Dangers for Health6. Role of computers in accounting7. prepare summary of transactions and financial statements8. example for computerised accounting9. computerised accounting uses the concept of databases10. commonly used accounting softwares11. the components of Computerised accounting software12. Preparation of accounting documents13. Give example for Preparation of accounting
documents14. Recording of transactions15. Give example for Recording of transactions16. Preparation of Trial Balance and Financial Statements17. Components of computerised accounting software
18. Computerised Accounting19. Transaction processing system20.Transaction processing system steps inprocessing a transaction21. Data Entry22. Data Validation23.Processing andRevalidation
24. Storage25. Information and Reporting