Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Program (APRP) Training Package

Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Program (APRP)

Training Package

Scope

• APRP Program Overview• Phase 1 Outreach• Phase 2 Demobilization• Phase 3 Consolidation• Governance Structures and Administrative

Processes• Case Studies

Key Documents

• PoA Presidential decree, 29 June 2010

• Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Program (APRP) – Program Document, 12 July 2010

• GIRoA Joint Order, dated 29 August 2010

Understanding what Reintegration is NOT

• Surrender• Paying insurgents to stop fighting• Ceding territory to insurgents• Ceding political or security rights or authority to

insurgents• Compromising Islamic rights

What is APRP?

• The Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Program (APRP) is an Afghan-led peace programme which aims to take insurgents out of the fight and return them to their communities with honour and dignity so that they can live peaceful, productive lives.

• The APRP is enabled through 3 phases:– Social Outreach– Demobilization– Consolidation of Peace

Three Phase Process

SOCIAL OUTREACH• Strategic communications• Negotiation and addressing grievances• Sub-national and community outreach

• Covered in more detail in Module 2

DEMOBILISATION• Biometrics, vetting, registration, assessment & transition assistance• Weapons management and community security• Detainee release• Disengagement Training

•Covered in more detail in Module 3

CONSOLIDATION OF PEACE• Community recovery• Literacy, religious and vocational education and training• Employment opportunities


CONSOLIDATIONDEMOBILIZATIONOUTREACH + GRIEVANCE

RESOLUTION

Three Phase Process

Community Vouches for Insurgents

Community does not vouch:

Relocation

Does not pass vetting:

Removed from APRP

Rei

nte

gra

tio

n D

ecla

rati

on

fo

rm s

ign

ed

•Social outreach & messaging

•Contact

•Negotiation & Dialogue

Grievance Resolution

Security

Inte

nt

to R

ein

teg

rate

•Registration

•Formal Vetting

•Weapons Reg

•Transition Assistance

•Disengagement Training

•Community Recovery: “Menu” of Options

APRP StructureAfghan led, partnered at every level

NDS

MOD

President

High PeaceCouncil

JointSecretariat

Provincial Peace &

ReintegrationCommittee

DistrictReintegration

Committee

Community

Community

Community

MOI

MAIL

MoHRA

MoBTA

MoF

IDLG

MoPW

MoLSA

MoEd

MRRD

GMIC

Service Delivery Ministries

Security Ministries

Responsible for APRP implementation and management of reintegration within province. Members include provincial officials

and unofficial leaders in province. PP&RC supported by Provincial Reintegration Support Team (PRST). This provides

technical and administrative support to governor and PP&RC to manage reintegration activity.

PP&RC

Responsible for reintegration in district. Members include ministry representatives and local leaders.

DRC

Sub-National APRP

structure partnered by

ISAF

Pol

icy

Exe

cutio

n

Provincial Peace & Reintegration Committee (PP&RC)

• Objective: a PP&RC must be established to enable the APRP to be implemented at the provincial level.

• Lead: Provincial Governor• Membership:

– Provincial Development Committee representatives– Security committee– Head of Provincial Ulema and religious scholars– Tribal elders– (should not exceed 21 members)

• Activities:– Outreach and establishing dialogue– Supporting grievance resolution– Other activities in support of peace and reintegration

Provincial Reintegration Support Team (PRST)

• Objective: Provide support to the Governor and PP&RC for APRP matters

• Membership:– Chief– Demobilization Program Officer– Community Recovery Program Officer– Communication Officer– Information Management Officer

• Activities:– Execute PPR&C decisions– Implement APRP activities– Draft project proposals in support of APRP to submit to Joint

Secretariat

Three Phase Process







Strategic Communications• Objective

To inform the communities about the program and the benefits of reintegration

• Why?Getting the word out will encourage communities to support the program, and encourage fighters to consider reintegrating.

• Activities– Prepare advertising material to get the peace process message to the people

and fighters– Arrange media opportunities for each of the 3 phases

Outreach• Objective

To start a dialogue with communities and fighters leading to reintegration• Why?

Outreach is a good way to reconnect the Afghan people with their government. In reaching out to people you are extending your authority, building trust and creating peace.

• Activities– Talking about APRP to the influential people you know– Setting up Provincial Peace and Reintegration Committees– Coming up with proposals to seek financial support– Organizing events like shuras and jirgas– Engaging media– Facilitating communication efforts– Listening to messages or signals being sent by those who might be interested

to join the program– Be prepared to meet people– Be ready to discuss reintegration

Grievance Resolution• Objective

Understand why people fight and take it into account when offering fighters a way to lay down arms in dignity

• Why?If you pay attention to grievances and come up with ways to reconcile with your brothers, you are sowing the seeds of peace.

• Activities– Conduct assessments– Ask fighters why they fight– Opening negotiation in good faith– Getting help from respected mediators, elders, local leaders, NGOs– Organize gatherings like jirgas and shuras– Make good gestures towards those you want to open a dialogue with– Organize procedures to address and resolve differences

Do’s• Take every opportunity to talk about the program• Say “join the peace process”• Embrace the people, they take the courageous decision to join the peace process, they are

your brothers• Build trust, confidence and respect• Give a chance for upset brothers to come home in peace with honour and dignity• Learn about the program and your role, it is a great opportunity to bring peace and

prosperity to your community• Seek advice and guidance from respected elders if you are uncertain how to proceed• Identify whether reintegration is creating ‘losers’ who need engagement, reassurance and

support• Make sure the systems are in place so that the people going through reintegration can be

managed well• Help identify projects that can improve the life of fighters and their communities• Share information about reintegration opportunities and cases so that you can get the

support you need

Don’ts

• Don’t call reintegration “surrender” or say they are joining the government or “putting down their weapons”

• Don’t offer amnesty or immunity from GIRoA prosecution.• Don’t support or be party to any agreement that cedes political

authority or territorial control to insurgents.• Don’t make promises of assistance or development support.• Don’t compromise on Islamic principles. • Don’t offer a direct reward or payment to insurgents for stopping

fighting.• Don’t ignore suspected abuse or corruption in the reintegration

process. If necessary report it.• Don’t do anything that is outside the law

Three Phase Process







Implementation

• Currently, Demobilization is managed by Joint Secretariat mobile teams travelling to the location where reintegration opportunities arise. This is not a permanent procedure. Provincial authorities need to take action now to develop their demobilization capability.

Demobilization (1)

• Registration : Provincial Reintegration Support Teams will arrange for registration to be conducted. This includes completing the “Intent to Reintegrate” form and “Individual Survey”. [See survey training brief]

• Biometrics: MOI is the lead agency for collecting biometric information.

• Vetting: Using the personal information collected by MOI, the following levels of vetting will be conducted:– National vetting: MOI and NDS will conduct name checks against the national criminal

database.– Provincial vetting: MOI will conduct name checks against the Provincial databases. The PPRC

will decide if they are prepared to vouch for the reintegrees.– Community Vetting: The Community will decide if they are prepared to accept/vouch for

reintegrees. If not, MOI will determine alternative arrangements.

**Joint Secretariat Standard Operating Procedures are available which describe these activities in more detail.

Demobilization (2)

• Weapons Management : In contrast to DIAG, the APRP allows reintegrees to keep their personal weapons, however, these must be registered. MOI is responsible to register weapons. MOD will store heavy weapons (eg machine guns, RPGs).

• Security: MOI (assisted by NDS & MOD) will provide security. ANSF and ISAF will work closely to determine the security risks in each reintegration case and determine a course of action to mitigate these risks.

Demobilization (3)

• Transitional Assistance Package: JS will support the Provincial authorities to provide a transitional package of food and provisions. A standard package has been prepared for national consistency.

• Disengagement Training: JS will support the Provincial authorities to provide disengagement training. This training will include:– Citizenship package– Peace package– Justice and rights package– Religious package– Community planning and employment package

Under development

Do’s

• Ensure key components of negotiation and grievance resolution have been completed prior to commencing demobilization

• Register and return personal weapons• Collect heavy weapons• Ensure the security and safety of your staff and the

reintegrees during the process• Preserve the honor of the reintegrating insurgent, respect

his dignity and avoid him losing face• Follow the Joint Order and other documents that detail

the program requirements.• Ensure staff are trained to conduct and administer the

APRP documentation

Don’ts

• Don’t wait for APRP to come to your Province. Be proactive.

• Don’t rush into demobilization. Ensure the conditions have been created through negotiation and education

• Don’t take unnecessary risks or ignore security rules or procedures

• Don’t do anything that is outside the law• Don’t take shortcuts

Three Phase Process







Consolidation

Key Principles:• The consolidation phase aims to ensure that peace and

reintegration are permanent.• What will be offered in this phase for a community will be

tailored to its particular needs and what can be accomplished there (security and capacity permitting):

• Communities will need to understand that what they will receive will not be identical to what other communities receive.

Community Recovery

Recovery Options, which will be developed uniquely for each community, may include:

• Literacy training• Vocational training• Employment opportunities• Development projects for the community

National Community Recovery will involve all members of the community— not just ex-combatants

- APRP Program Document, July 2010

Do’s

• Remember that for APRP to be successful, all three phases of the program need to delivered to reintegrees and their communities

• Engage with Provincial and District Development Councils to assist with determining development priorities and potential projects

• Remember that women need to benefit from APRP programs as well

• Remember that community expectations will need to be managed about what they can expect to receive

Don’ts

• Don’t make promises of support that exceed the principles of the APRP

• Don’t do anything that is outside the law

Finance

Reintegration Support - Delivery Assistance

Reintegration Finance Mechanism funding

CERP funding (USA)

NDAA funding (USA)

Other donor country funding

PRT programmes

IOs / NGO

programmes

Existing AFG programmes

Funding mechanisms

Implementing partners

Commercially contracted programmes

How to get access to funds• The APRP is an Afghan program, but the international

community fully supports the government’s efforts and has pledged support for APRP activities.

• To get access to these funds, the PP&RC can suggest initiatives, which are then made into proposals by the PRST.

• PP&RCs will be authorized to approve projects up to $10,000. Larger projects will be referred to the Technical Committee of the Joint Secretariat for approval

• PRTs, ISAF and international partners may also be able to fund APRP projects.

Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Program (APRP)

Case studies

V1 3 Nov 10

• A representative of a group of men approaches the kandak to ask to talk about reintegration. What do you advise them to do? How do you advise your men to respond?

• What should the Afghan government do? What are the options? What factors make this situation complex?

مورد • در تا نماید می خواست در و نموده مراجعه کندک به نفری گروپ یگ . افراد شما چگونه دهید؟ می مشوره چه را آنها شما نمایند صحبت مجدد ادغام

نماید می توصیه دهی پاسخ برای را

عوامل • چه دارد؟ وجود های گزینه چه نماید؟ کار چه باید افغانستان حکومتسازد؟ می پیچیده را وضعیت

Walk in – Kandak - کندک شدن داخل

. این میزند زنگ میدانست، کابل در وی که آیساف شماره یک به شورشی رهبر یک نمایندهتحت مجدد ادغام مورد در آیساف با میخواهد شورشی رهبر که میکند ادعا نماینده

گپ افغانستان دولت با که نمیخواهد شورشی رهبر آن اما نماید، صحبت صلح پروسهشماره. شورشی رهبر این به تا میکند خواست در تی آر پی محلی تیم از آیساف بزند . ( ) رد را آن شورشی رهبر بدهد را کابل در مجدد ادغام وزارت استانکزی وزیر تیلفون

. رهبر و میگذرد هفته چندین مینماید رد را والی و ولسوال با صحبت نیز و مینمایدنمیکند حمایت را آیسافوی که میکند شکایت دوامدار بطور .شورشی

فاکتور کدام دارد؟ وجود های گزینه چه کرد؟ باید چه آیساف کرد؟ باید چه افغانستان دولتمیسازد؟ مغلق را وضعیت این ها

• The representative of an insurgent leader calls an ISAF contact he knows in Kabul. The representative claims the insurgent leader wants to talk with ISAF about reintegration under the Peace Process (APRP), but that the insurgent leader does not want to talk with GIROA. ISAF asks the local PRT to give the insurgent leader Minister Stanekzai’s phone number (the Reintegration Ministry in Kabul). The insurgent leader refuses to call Kabul, and refuses to speak with the district and provincial government. Many weeks pass, and the insurgent leader continues to complain that ISAF is not supporting him.

• What should the Afghan government do? What should ISAF do? What are the options? What factors make this situation complex?

Insurgent Avoiding GIROAنماید می اجتناب حکومت از شورشی

ادغام به میخواهند و اند نموده ترک را پاکستان آنها که میکنند اعالم مردم از گروپ یک . رفتند، پاکستان به زندگی بمقصد قبل سال ده ایشان که میکنند ادعا آنها بپیوندند مجددآنها حاضر حال در و شوند جنگجو شان فرزندان که ساختند مجبور را آنها شورشیان اما

. صورت معامله اگر که میسپارند وعده آنها برگردند هایشان خانه به دوباره میخواهند . زمین تقاضا دولت از آنها گردند خارج پاکستان از شان فرزندان و ها خانواده گیرد،

میکنند انکشافی حمایت تقاضا آنها و اند مهاجرین آنها زیرا .مینمایداند منتظر پاکستان در مردم این از نفر .هزاران

فاکتور کدام دارد؟ وجود های گزینه چه کرد؟ باید چه آیساف کرد؟ باید جه افغانستان دولتمیسازد؟ مغلق را وضعیت این های

• A group of people announce they just left Pakistan and want to reintegrate. They claim that they left 10 years ago to live in Pakistan, but the insurgents have been forcing their sons to become fighters and now they want to return to home. They promise to bring their sons and families out of Pakistan if a deal is made. They request that GIROA give them land because they are refugees, and they request development support. Thousands more of these people are waiting in Pakistan.


Pakistan Refugees Want to Joinمتصل خواهند می پاکستان پناهندگان

گردند

• During a routine meeting with a friendly village, the local PRT and their partnered ANSF have a discussion with the village elders. The elders explain that the village has accepted back several men who have left the insurgency to stop fighting and live peacefully with their community, however the village has never heard of the GIROA Peace Process / Reintegration Program (APRP).


شان همکار امنیتی نیروهای و محلی تی آر پی دوستانه، قریه با روزمره جلسه جریان در . را شخص چندین قریه که میدهند توضیح بزرگان مینماید گفتگو و بحث قریه بزرگان باصلح فضای در شان مردم با آنها و نماید توقف جنگ تا اند نموده ترک را شورشیان که . ادغام و صلح پروسه از هیچگاهی قریه این اینکه با اند پذیرفته دوباره نمایند، زندگی

نبودند واقف افغانستان دولت مجددفاکتور کدام دارد؟ وجود های گزینه چه کرد؟ باید چه آیساف کرد؟ باید چه افغانستان دولت

سازد؟ می مفلق را وضعیت این ها

Informal Reintegrationرسمی غیر مجدد ادغام

به شورشیان از گروه یک نماید، مراجعه ریئسپولیسمحلی به که نماینده یک استفاده . طوالنی سابقه یک اند مطمین غیر و محتاط آنها ولی میدهند نشان عالقه مجدد ادغام

. شورشیان دارد وجود شورشی های گروه و محلی حکومت ها، روستا میان اعتمادی بیو افغان امنیتی نیروهای و میپزیرند را آنها مردم که گردند متیقن که میورزند سعی . مجدد ادغام از بعد تغییر های فرصت بعضی آنها نمیدهند قرار هدف را آنها آیساف

داشت .خواهند

فاکتور کدام دارد؟ وجود های گزینه چه کرد؟ باید چه آیساف کرد؟ باید چه افغانستان دولتمیسازد؟ مغلق را وضعیت این ها

• Using a representative who approaches the local police chief, a group of insurgents express an interest in reintegrating, but they are wary and uncertain. There is a long history of mistrust between local villages, local government, and the insurgent groups. The insurgents want to feel confident that the community will accept them back, that ANSF and ISAF will cease targeting them, and that they will have some sort of opportunity for transition after reintegrating.


Uncertain Insurgentsمشکوک شورشیان

Other Frequently Asked Questions• Who can join the APRP? The APRP is a nation-wide program for all Afghan fighters who agree

to renounce violence and ties to terrorist groups and to live peacefully with in the laws of Afghanistan.

• How will the APRP benefit peaceful and law-abiding Afghans? Under the APRP, everyone benefits because APRP recovery packages are for the entire community. For those Afghans living in communities where reintegration is not occuring, the benefits will come from living in a peaceful and stable Afghanistan. Other development programs will support these peaceful communities.

• What happens to fighters who want to reintegrate but cannot return to their communities? Communities will decide whom they have back through the PPRC. If a community refuses to accpet a former fighter, or the fighter does not want to return, the Joint Secretariat will find alternatives. This may involve temporary or permanent relocation or other options.

Can reintegrees join ANSF and ALP?

• Once reintegrated former fighters have completed the program, they are citizens of Afghanistan, and may in some cases join the ANSF or ALP. But to do so, former fighters must be selected by their community and must pass through the same screening procedures as any other ANSF or ALP candidate. There is no guaranteed place in the ANSF or ALP for reintegrees.

“Happiness comes from Peace.”

“Goodness comes from Peace”

Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Program (APRP) Training Package

Documents

Transcript of Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Program (APRP) Training Package