Ndoma-Egba Kehnyiosowo

19/mhs01/254

Biology102

1). fungi are important decomposers in most ecosystems, they serve as food by playing a role in human nutrition, and as agents of fermentation in the production of bread ,cheese etc.

2). Illustration of cell structure of a unicellular fungus properly labelled

3)Plasmogamy: fusing of cytoplasm of the two parent cells (usually from the mycelia) withoutfusion of the nuclei

Karyogamy: final step in the process of using together two haploid eukaryotic cells and refers directly to the fusion of two nuclei.

Meiosis: Also known as reduction division restores the haploid number of chromosomes and initiates the haploid phase, which produces the gametes. In the majority of fungi, all structures are haploid except the zygote. Fungi usually reproduce both sexually and asexually.

4). Bryophytes are able to survive on land by two adaptations which are the waxy cuticle which helps to protect the plant tissues from drying out and the gametangia provides futher protection against drying out specifically for the plant gametes.

5). Eusteles: This is a stele typical of dicotyledonous plants that consists of vascular bundles of xylem and phloem strands with parenchymal cells between the bundles

FROM GOOGLE

) Atactostele: This is a type of eustele, found in monocots, in which the vascular tissue in the stem exists as scattered bundles. The variation has numerous scattered bundles in the stem and is called as an atactostele.

FROM GOOGLE

Siphonostele: A stele in which the vascular tissue is in the form of a cylinder surrounding the pith, as in the stems of most ferns and other seedless vascular plants.

FROM GOOGLE

Dictyostele: This is a stele, or vascular cylinder (responsible for transporting water and minerals), consists of the pericycle, phloem, cambium and xylem.

6)Life cycle of a primitive vascular plant

From google

FROM GOOGLE