AFCEA – SPAWAR C4ISR SymposiumHall of Champions

San DiegoApril 5, 2011

UxS In a Denied Environment

Steve Koepenick- ModeratorDeputy for Program Development

Autonomous Systems ISR/IO CompetencySPAWAR Systems Center Pacific

Overview

Introduction – Steve Koepenick– A Global Force– Permissive, Contested and Denied Environments– Format for Today’s Event

• Scenario 2025, Red Team, Blue Team• George Galdorisi – Red Team Lead

– Red Team Introduction– Scenario Overview

• Grant Begley – Blue Team Lead– Blue Team Introduction and Panel Comments– 2025 Framework Statements

• Red Addresses Scenario Questions to Blue• Questions from the Audience• Wrap up

A Global Naval Force enabled by the Unmanned Imperative

A Naval Force Overcoming 21st Century Challenges

OperationsCooperation and

EngagementIrregular Warfare

Regional Conflict

Sophisticated Adversary MCO

Core Capabilities

Forward Presence

DeterrenceMaritime Security

HumanitarianAssistance

Power Projection

Sea Control

Environment Permissive DeniedContested

Unmanned Imperative

Integrated Manned and Unmanned ForceCapacity Capability

Traditional Manned Force

Power ProjectionMaritime SecurityCooperationEngagement

Access Generation

Homeland Defense In Depth

Force Constructs Traditional

CSG/ESG

Threat Environments Defined

• Permissive

• Contested

• Denied

Permissive

• Many missions normally conducted under these conditions

• Robust commercial communications and networking infrastructure normally exists

• Forces able to network with freedom of action

• Threats do exist… such as RF interception and viruses

• Forces able to provide fully sufficient comms paths

Contested• Escalate… the environment becomes contested

• Forces face more specific threats to networking, SATCOM and RF jamming

• Forces can expect to leverage the military-specific infrastructure that exists including MILSATCOM, dedicated networks, encryption, and anti-jam capabilities

• Forces begin to suffer from intermittent degradations to SATCOM & RF links

• GPS signals interrupted momentarily, but there is no significant degradation to precision navigation

• Despite the growing threat, Forces still able to provide at least one comms path for most information requirements

Denied• Further Escalation…the environment becomes denied

• Forces lose both commercial and military-specific networking infrastructure due to adversary action

• SATCOM links and GPS reception are lost…RF links are severely degraded

• Forces unable to provide at least one comms path for most information requirements…and have lost GPS precision navigation capabilities

How will the scenario play out with the use and introduction of unmanned systems and the integration with manned

systems?

Returning to Today’s Event Red and Blue Team Expertise

DomainsMaritimeAirGround Space

RepresentingIndustryAcademiaMilitary / OperatorsGovernment

Red Team

• George Galdorisi – Read Team Lead

• Panel Members– Paul Eiff, Future Capabilities Lead, NAVAIR PMA 262 – BAMS– Torsten “Toast” Garber – NAWC AD, Pt. Mugu– Greg Loegering, NGC, Deputy PM BAMS– Rick Pawlowski – NWDC UxS Integration, Norfolk

• Scenario 2025 Introduction

Scenario

Blue Team

• Grant Begley – Blue Team Lead

• Panel Members– CAPT Greg Maguire, JUAS COE Creech AFB– Dr. Ray Buettner, NPS SOCOM / Field TNT Experimentation– Don Parker, NGC, PM, AUV/UUV and Distributed Systems– Jeffrey Harrison, SSC PAC Intelligence and SPACE

• 2025 Framework Statements

• DoD Initiative to achieve “More Without More” was successful• Unmanned systems operations integrated into commercial space, freedom of

navigation and airspace• Commercially fielded unmanned systems, in all operational domains, out-

number fielded military unmanned systems• US DoD still world leader in unmanned systems investments (S&T, R&D, proc.)• Nx-Generation unmanned systems operational in all domains• Highly autonomous and interoperable unmanned and manned systems• Manned and unmanned platforms have greater capabilities and capacity• Manned/unmanned teaming enables highly effective synchronous and

asynchronous operations worldwide• More unmanned platforms, fewer manned platforms fielded• Communications Architecture that enables:

– Command-and-Control at machine speed and machine-to-machine speed– Man-on-the-loop and man-in-the-loop– Self healing

• Layered Network that is not space dependent

Blue Team 2025 Framework Statements

U.S. Department of Defense Budget

DoD Initiative “More Without More” AchievedDoD Initiative “More Without More” Achieved

U.S. Department of Defense

Def Sec Gates’ Achieved Budget Efficiencies Beyond 5-yrsDef Sec Gates’ Achieved Budget Efficiencies Beyond 5-yrsMore Unmanned Platforms and Fewer Manned Platforms in 2025More Unmanned Platforms and Fewer Manned Platforms in 2025

Supply Support FY10 Conducting Performance Based

Logistics (PBL) Business Case Analysis (BCA)

Combination of organic and contractor supply support

PBL opportunities based on commonality between platforms

Training and Training Support Courseware Devices (crew & operator) Modeling and Simulation

Computer Resources Support

Packaging, Handling, Storage & Transportation

(PHS&T) Continue to assess based on

commonality across the platforms

Support Equipment Evaluating opportunities based on

commonality of components& basing locations

Facilities CONUS:

Evaluating potential for common maintenance hub OCONUS:

EUCOM – CENTCOM – PACOM –

U.S. Department of Defense Budget Much More Than Hardware

Manpower and Personnel Operators to be capable of conducting operations

with other services Ability to perform mutually supportive maintenance

based on service specific requirements and basing/maintenance locations

Computers & Semi-Conductors Enabled “More Without More”- not PlatformsComputers & Semi-Conductors Enabled “More Without More”- not Platforms

Technical DataConfiguration ManagementOpen Architecture Systems IntegrationNew Technology Insertion

Science & Technology

Design & Interface

Maintenance Planning Evaluating common I-Level and D-Level

opportunities Leveraging UAS PHM

Cleared for Open Publication11-S-1201

DoD UAS Flight Hours(By Department, By Fiscal Year)

050000

100000150000200000250000300000350000400000450000500000550000600000

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

AIR FORCE ARMY NAVY & USMC Est for FY11 Qtrs 2-4

Flig

ht H

ou

rs

As of December 31, 2010

Number of Fielded UAS and Flight Hours Continued Near-exponential Growth.Number of Fielded UAS and Flight Hours Continued Near-exponential Growth.Other Unmanned Systems Domains Experience Similar Growth.Other Unmanned Systems Domains Experience Similar Growth.

Moore’s Law Enables 2025 Highly Autonomous Unmanned Moore’s Law Enables 2025 Highly Autonomous Unmanned Systems Only Imagined Possible During 2011Systems Only Imagined Possible During 2011

Moore’s Law

Metcalfe’s Law Enabled 2025 Layered Networks and Metcalfe’s Law Enabled 2025 Layered Networks and Communications Architecture for Command and Control to Communications Architecture for Command and Control to Operate at Machine Speed and Machine-to-Machine SpeedOperate at Machine Speed and Machine-to-Machine Speed

Metcalfe’s Law

Moore’s and Metcalfe’s Laws Enable DoD to Progress Beyond Moore’s and Metcalfe’s Laws Enable DoD to Progress Beyond 2011 Stovepipe and Bandwidth Constrained Operations2011 Stovepipe and Bandwidth Constrained Operations

DoD’s Current State Approach to Coordinated Operations

Networked Battle Space of 2025, all Operational Domains, Manned and Networked Battle Space of 2025, all Operational Domains, Manned and Unmanned, Command and Control at Machine Speed, Self Healing, Unmanned, Command and Control at Machine Speed, Self Healing,

Man-on-the-loop and not Space DependentMan-on-the-loop and not Space Dependent

Networked Battlespace Provide the Warfighter Higher Level of Interoperability and Capability

Red and Blue

Scenario