Aerosols Dr. Aws Alshamsan Department of Pharmaceutics Office: AA87 Tel: 4677363...
Transcript of Aerosols Dr. Aws Alshamsan Department of Pharmaceutics Office: AA87 Tel: 4677363...
Aerosols
Dr. Aws Alshamsan
Department of Pharmaceutics
Office: AA87
Tel: 4677363
Respiratory tract characteristics
Large surface area, good vascularization, immense capacity for solute exchange, ultra-thinness of the pulmonary epithelium
Conducting region :
Nasal cavity, nasopharynx, bronchi, bronchioles
Respiratory region :
respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and sacs
Why and why not?
• Advantages:
- Less systemic toxicity
- Rapid onset of medication
- Delivery to target of action
- Higher concentrations available in the lung• Disadvantages:
- Time and effort consuming
- Limitation of delivery device
Methods Of Delivery
• Medications may be given by: Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) Dry Powdered Inhaler (DPI)
Respiratory Aerosols
Particle Size
• MMAD: mass median aerodynamic diameter
MMAD <1μm: exhaledMMAD 1~5μm: targetMMAD >5μm: oropharynx
• Strict control of MMAD of the particles ensures the reproducibility of aerosol deposition and retention.
How MDI Technology Works
Inhaler• Hold upright, remove the
dustcap.• Shake well.• Breathe out fully and tip chin
up.• Place puffer in mouth or three
fingers distance from mouth.• Start to breathe in and press the
canister.• Continue to breathe in for 5
seconds.• Hold breath for 10 seconds (or
as long as comfortably possible).
• Breathe out gently. For additional doses repeat steps 1 – 8.
Addition of Spacers
Aerosol Metered Dose Inhalers and Chambers / Spacers
• Use a spacer with an aerosol inhalerGets more medication into the lungs (~5 x more than
MDI alone)Fewer side effects such as smaller amount of absorbed
medication systemically, less oral thrush and dyphonia
F27
Turbuhaler
Need deep, forceful inhalationMay use Turbutester to help determine if
an individual is able to useCounter (dots in window) turns red when
doses running out
Turbuhaler
Turbuhaler• Remove cap.• Hold upright (coloured base
at the bottom) and twist the coloured base as far as possible to the right (anti-clockwise) and then left (clockwise) until it clicks.
• Place mouthpiece in mouth.• Suck in deeply and
forcefully.• Breathe out gently.• For next dose repeat steps 2
– 5.
Diskus