AERONET Activities and Future Plans...AERONET Activities and Future Plans David Giles1,2, Brent...
Transcript of AERONET Activities and Future Plans...AERONET Activities and Future Plans David Giles1,2, Brent...
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AERONET Activities and Future Plans
David Giles1,2, Brent Holben2, Thomas Eck2,3,
Joel Schafer1,2, Alexander Smirnov1,2, Ilya Slutsker1,2,
Aliaksandr Sinyuk1,2,Mikhail Sorokin1,2,Jason Kraft2,4,
and Daniel Meiselman2,4
1 Science Systems and Applications, Inc.2 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
3 Universities Space Research Association 4 Fibertek, Inc.
SPARTAN 3rd Annual MeetingApril 19, 2018
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• Aerosol Remote Sensing Using Sun/Sky Scanning Radiometers• Measure light intensity from UV to Vis to NIR (8-10 wavelengths)• Aerosol Optical Depth (Direct Sun or Direct Moon)• Inferred Aerosol Properties (Direct Sun and Sky Radiances)
• Widely Used by the Aerosol Community• Aerosol Characterization and Climatology• Satellite and Model Evaluation• Model Assimilation• Synergism with other Earth Science data sets
Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET)http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov
AERONET V3 L2
2
Cimel Sun/Sky Radiometer2016
V3 AOD Data Quality LevelsLevel 1.0 – Minimally screenedLevel 1.5 – Cloud Screened & Quality ControlledLevel 2.0 – Quality assured
Vo
V m~1/cosθz
TOA
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StandardizationMeasurements
• Cimel radiometers
• Direct sun measurements (every 3 to 15 minutes)
• Sky scans performed hourly (e.g., almucantar, principal plane)
Calibration
• Langley calibration technique for reference instruments
• Calibration transfer from reference to field instruments
• Integrating sphere calibrated by NIST light source for sky measurements
Processing
• Known techniques for computing aerosol properties
• Implementing EOS data sets (e.g., NCEP reanalysis fields, OMI NO2, TOMS O3)
• Processed and freely available on web site in near real time
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AERONET Version 3: AOD• V3 Level 1.0: Unscreened data (NRT)
• Applies new temperature characterizations
• Updated coordinates and elevation
• Applies NO2 OMI L3 climatology (2004-2013)
• Applies updated absorption coefficients (Literature/HITRAN)
• V3 Level 1.5: Based on Level 1.0 (NRT)
• Improved cloud screening
• New quality controls applied
• V3 Level 2.0: Based on Level 1.5 with pre- and post-calibration and temperature characterization applied
• Level 2.0 data quality confirmed during post-field calibration evaluation and released 30 days afterwards to allow for updates to ancillary databases
• Significantly improves timeliness of Level 2.0 data availability
AOD and Principal Plane sky radianceindicate obstruction affecting measurement
Anomalous temperatures
NCEP
Giles et al. 2018, in preparation AERONET Version 3 AOD Algorithm Quality Control
Technical Description (2018), in preparation
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ARCTAS
SCAR-B ZIBBEE
SAFARI 2000
INDOEX
TIGERZBASE-Asia
SEAC4RS-SEUS
DRAGONs7-SEAS
KORUS-AQ
ORACLES
UAE2
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Distributed Regional Aerosol Gridded Observation Network (DRAGON)
• DRAGON Objectives• Multidimensional validation
data set for satellite remote sensing of aerosol properties
• Comparison to related surface and airborne in situmeasurements
• Assessment of the evolution of aerosol properties from transported particulates
• Method• Deploy up to 40 Sun/sky
radiometers
Holben et al, 2018, An overview of meso-scale aerosol processes, comparison and validation studies from DRAGON networks
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Eck et al, 2014, Observations of rapid aerosol optical depth enhancements in the vicinity of polluted cumulus clouds
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Radius (µm)
Deer Park, TX
Radius (µm)
ManvelCroix, TX
• LARGE in situ air craft measurements:
• Ultra high sensitivity aerosol spectrometer (UHSAS)<0.1-0.5 µm
• Dry Sample
• AERONET – Ambient measurement
DRAGON-TX/DISCOVER-AQ
• AERONET and LARGE fine mode volume concentration peaks match after growthfactor applied to LARGE data set• AERONET coincident within ±60 minutes
of LARGE spiral• No adjustment is made to LARGE
concentration when applying growth factor Schafer et al, in preparation
Aerosol Volume Concentration
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DRAGON and DISCOVER-AQ
Schafer et al, in preparation
• Comparison of peak volume concentration radius for coincident measurements for DISCOVER-AQ and AERONET DRAGON
• More agreement (~0.02µm) with AERONET on average when applying the growth factor to the LARGE data at MD, CA and TX
• Note: GF factor calculations provided by LARGE -0.04
-0.02
0
0.02
0.04
0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35
MDCATXCOMD GFCA GFTX GF
AE
RO
NE
T-L
AR
GE
Pe
ak R
adiu
s D
iffe
rence
(
m)
AERONET Peak Radius Mean (m)
N
3
36
27
28
3
36
27
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AERONETNew Instrumentation/Enhancements
• Improved solar tracking reducing triplet variance
• Greater control over instrument measurement scenarios (e.g., CCS and Hybrid)
• Lunar measurements• 1st to 3rd quarter lunar phase (waxing to
waning gibbous)• Processing for lunar measurements (e.g., ROLO,
Tom Stone)
• Development toward attachment for CO2 measurements (Emily Wilson)
• Synergism with MPLNET, PANDORA, SPARTAN, and in situ measurements
Cimel Sun/Sky/Lunar Radiometer
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Hybrid Scan results in many more retrievals at AOD> 2 at 440 nm since Hybrid scans can be made at mid-day with low Solar Zenith Angle (SZA). Almucantar scans require SZA > 50 degrees – this results in insufficient signal to measure 440 nm AOD when AOD is very high
Hybrid and Almucantar Sky Scan Retrievals
Eck et al. 2018, in preparation
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Provisional Lunar AODKanpur, India 22–23 February 2016
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
53.4 53.6 53.8 54.0 54.2 54.4 54.6 54.8 55.0
AOD 440nm
AOD 500nm
AOD 675nm
AOD 870nm
AOD 1020nm
AOD 1640nm
Aero
so
l O
ptical D
epth
Day of Year
Day Night Day
• Under evaluation
• Instrument nighttime performance
• Lunar calibration and corrections
• Cloud screening and quality controls
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Aerosols and More
Ocean Color Solar FluxPARUV-AUV-B
Maritime AOD Cloud Mode
Zibordi et al. [2009], JAOT
Smirnov et al. [2009], JGR Chiu et al. [2010], JGR
Schafer et al. [2004], JGR
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Summary
• Version 3 solar AOD and almucantar sky scan inversions now available as of January 2018
• Hybrid sky scans provide additional retrievals near satellite overpass time and for high aerosol loading
• Version 3 lunar AOD can provide periodic 24-hour AOD
• Many AERONET sites already exist in densely populated regions and can potentially be collocated with SPARTAN instrumentation