Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program: Background and
Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (Aegis BMD) · PDF fileBASC MSSE EESE SSEMS Aegis BMD 303...
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BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEMS Aegis BMD 303 • Aegis BMD is capable of performing autonomous missile defense operations and operations that exploit networked sensor information; it can send or receive cues to or from other BMDS sensors through tactical datalinks. Mission The Navy can accomplish three missile defense-related missions using Aegis BMD: • Defend deployed forces and allies from short- to intermediate-range theater ballistic missile threats • Provide forward-deployed radar capabilities to enhance defense against ballistic missile threats of all ranges by sending cues or target track data to other elements of the BMDS • Provide all short- to long-range ballistic missile threat data to the Command and Control, Battle Management, and Communications (C2BMC) system for dissemination to Combatant Commanders’ headquarters to ensure situational awareness Major Contractors • Prime: Lockheed Martin Corporation, Mission Systems and Training – Moorestown, New Jersey • AN/SPY-1 Radar: Lockheed Martin Corporation, Mission Systems and Training – Moorestown, New Jersey • SM-3 Missile: Raytheon Company, Missile Systems – Tucson, Arizona Executive Summary • In FY13, the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) program completed most of the combined developmental test (DT)/ operational test (OT) and IOT&E flight test program for the Aegis BMD 4.0 system and Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) Block IB guided missile. • The Aegis BMD program conducted five intercept missions in FY13 and one in early FY14. All but one resulted in successful intercepts. • During an integrated flight test of the Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS), an Aegis BMD 3.6.1 destroyer intercepted an anti-air warfare target using an SM-2 missile and failed to intercept a short-range ballistic missile target using an SM-3 Block IA guided missile. • Aegis BMD participated in the first system-level operational flight test conducted by the Missile Defense Agency (MDA). During the mission, an Aegis BMD 3.6.2e destroyer intercepted a medium-range ballistic missile target using an SM-3 Block IA guided missile. • Aegis BMD continued to improve interoperability with other BMDS elements and sensors during flight and ground testing in FY13. • Hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) ground testing demonstrated Aegis BMD capability to contribute to theater, regional, and strategic-level defense missions spanning a range of ballistic missile defense scenarios. System • Aegis BMD is a sea-based missile defense system that employs the multi-mission shipboard Aegis Weapon System, with improved radar and new missile capabilities to engage ballistic missile threats. Capabilities of Aegis BMD include: - Computer program modifications to the AN/SPY-1 radar for long-range surveillance and track (LRS&T) of ballistic missiles of all ranges. - A modified Aegis Vertical Launch System, which stores and fires SM-3 Block IA and Block IB guided missiles (on select ships), and modified SM-2 Block IV guided missiles (on select ships). - SM-3 Block IA and Block IB guided missiles, which use a maneuverable kinetic warhead to accomplish midcourse engagements of short-, medium-, and intermediate-range ballistic missiles. - Modified SM-2 Block IV guided missiles, which provide terminal engagement capability against short-range ballistic missiles and air-breathing threats. Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (Aegis BMD)
Transcript of Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (Aegis BMD) · PDF fileBASC MSSE EESE SSEMS Aegis BMD 303...
B A L L I S T I C M I S S I L E D E F E N S E S Y S T E M S
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• AegisBMDiscapableofperformingautonomousmissiledefenseoperationsandoperationsthatexploitnetworkedsensorinformation;itcansendorreceivecuestoorfromotherBMDSsensorsthroughtacticaldatalinks.
MissionTheNavycanaccomplishthreemissiledefense-relatedmissionsusingAegisBMD:• Defenddeployedforcesandalliesfromshort-to
intermediate-range theater ballistic missile threats• Provideforward-deployedradarcapabilitiestoenhance
defense against ballistic missile threats of all ranges by sendingcuesortargettrackdatatootherelementsoftheBMDS
• Provideallshort-tolong-rangeballisticmissilethreatdatatotheCommandandControl,BattleManagement,andCommunications(C2BMC)systemfordisseminationtoCombatantCommanders’headquarterstoensuresituationalawareness
Major Contractors• Prime:LockheedMartinCorporation,MissionSystemsandTraining–Moorestown,NewJersey
• AN/SPY-1Radar:LockheedMartinCorporation,MissionSystemsandTraining–Moorestown,NewJersey
• SM-3Missile:RaytheonCompany,MissileSystems–Tucson,Arizona
Executive Summary• InFY13,theAegisBallisticMissileDefense(BMD)
program completed most of the combined developmental test (DT)/ operationaltest(OT)andIOT&EflighttestprogramfortheAegisBMD4.0systemandStandardMissile-3(SM-3)BlockIBguidedmissile.
• TheAegisBMDprogramconductedfiveinterceptmissionsinFY13andoneinearlyFY14.Allbutoneresultedinsuccessful intercepts.
• DuringanintegratedflighttestoftheBallisticMissileDefenseSystem(BMDS),anAegisBMD3.6.1destroyerinterceptedan anti-air warfare target using an SM-2 missile and failed to interceptashort-rangeballisticmissiletargetusinganSM-3BlockIAguidedmissile.
• AegisBMDparticipatedinthefirstsystem-leveloperationalflighttestconductedbytheMissileDefenseAgency(MDA).Duringthemission,anAegisBMD3.6.2edestroyerintercepted a medium-range ballistic missile target using an SM-3BlockIAguidedmissile.
• AegisBMDcontinuedtoimproveinteroperabilitywithotherBMDSelementsandsensorsduringflightandgroundtestinginFY13.
• Hardware-in-the-loop(HWIL)groundtestingdemonstratedAegisBMDcapabilitytocontributetotheater,regional,andstrategic-level defense missions spanning a range of ballistic missile defense scenarios.
System• AegisBMDisasea-basedmissiledefensesystemthatemploysthemulti-missionshipboardAegisWeaponSystem,with improved radar and new missile capabilities to engage ballisticmissilethreats.CapabilitiesofAegisBMDinclude:- ComputerprogrammodificationstotheAN/SPY-1radar
forlong-rangesurveillanceandtrack(LRS&T)ofballisticmissiles of all ranges.
- AmodifiedAegisVerticalLaunchSystem,whichstoresandfiresSM-3BlockIAandBlockIBguidedmissiles(onselectships),andmodifiedSM-2BlockIVguidedmissiles(onselectships).
- SM-3BlockIAandBlockIBguidedmissiles,whichuseamaneuverablekineticwarheadtoaccomplishmidcourseengagements of short-, medium-, and intermediate-range ballistic missiles.
- ModifiedSM-2BlockIVguidedmissiles,whichprovideterminal engagement capability against short-range ballistic missiles and air-breathing threats.
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Activity• InFY13,theAegisBMDprogramcompletedmostofthecombinedDT/OTandIOT&EflighttestprogramfortheAegisBMD4.0systemandSM-3BlockIBguidedmissiles,inaccordancewiththeDOT&E-approvedIntegratedMasterTestPlan.
• AlthoughtheprogramcompletedFOT&EfortheAegisBMD3.6.1systeminFY11,theprogramcontinuedtousevariantsoftheAegisBMD3.6system(i.e.,3.6.1and3.6.2e)inBMDS-leveltestsinFY13toassesssystem-levelengagement capability and interoperability.
• TheAegisBMDprogramconductedfiveinterceptmissionsinFY13andoneinearlyFY14;fiveballisticmissiletargetswereintercepted, one anti-air warfare target was intercepted, and one ballistic missile target was not intercepted.- DuringFlightTestIntegrated-01(FTI-01)inOctober2012,
anAegisBMD3.6.1destroyersimultaneouslyengageda short-range simple separating ballistic missile target withanSM-3BlockIAguidedmissileandananti-airwarfare target with an SM-2 missile. The SM-2 missile successfullyengageditsintendedtarget,buttheSM-3BlockIAguidedmissilefailedtointercept.FTI-01wasthefirstintegratedflighttestwithmultiplefiringelements(AegisBMD,TerminalHigh-AltitudeAreaDefense[THAAD],andPatriot)engagingmultipleballisticmissile and air-breathing targets in a realistic BMDS-level architecture.
- IntheFlightTestStandardMissile-20(FTM-20)missioninFebruary2013,anAegisBMD4.0.2cruiserintercepteda medium-range non-separating ballistic missile target withanSM-3BlockIAguidedmissileusingremotedataprovidedbySpaceTrackingandSurveillanceSystem – Demonstrators. The FTM-20 intercept was the firstperformedwithanAegisBMD4.0ship’sfirecontrolsystemsetupwithremoteengagementsauthorized,andthefirstfiringofanSM-3BlockIAguidedmissilefromanAegisBMD4.0ship.
- DuringFTM-19inMay2013,anAegisBMD4.0.2cruiserintercepted a short-range complex separating ballistic missiletargetwithanSM-3BlockIBguidedmissile.TheFTM-19 engagement was the third successful intercept missionconductedwiththeAegisBMD4.0systemwithanSM-3BlockIBguidedmissile,andthesecondcombinedDT/OTflighttestforthatsystem.Inadditiontotheflightmission, the ship participated in a four-event multi-warfare exercise,includinglivefireeventswithanSM-2againstan air-breathing threat and guns against a high-speed maneuvering surface threat, to assess simultaneous BMD radar loading while exercising surface warfare, electronic warfare, undersea warfare, and anti-air warfare capabilities.
- AnAegisBMD3.6.2edestroyerparticipatedasashooterinFlightTestOperational-01(FTO-01)inSeptember2013.During the mission, the ship intercepted a medium-range ballisticmissiletargetwithanSM-3BlockIAguidedmissile.FTO-01wasthefirstsystem-leveloperationalflighttestconductedbytheMDA.
- DuringFTM-21inSeptember2013,anAegisBMD4.0.2cruiser intercepted a short-range complex separating ballisticmissiletargetwiththefirstoftwosalvo-firedSM-3BlockIBguidedmissiles.ThiswasthefirstsalvofiringoftwoSM-3guidedmissilesagainstaliveballisticmissiletargetinanAegisBMDflighttest.TheFTM-21 engagement was the fourth successful intercept missionconductedwiththeAegisBMD4.0systemandSM-3BlockIBguidedmissiles,andthefirstAegisBMDflighttestdesignatedasanIOT&EmissionsupportingaFull-RateProductiondecisionfortheSM-3BlockIBguided missile.
- IntheFTM-22flightmissioninOctober2013,anAegisBMD4.0.2cruiserinterceptedamedium-rangeseparatingtargetwithanSM-3BlockIBguidedmissile.TheFTM-22engagementwasthefifthsuccessfulinterceptmissionconductedwiththeAegisBMD4.0systemwithanSM-3BlockIBguidedmissile,andthesecondoftwoIOT&Eflightmissions.TheFTM-22engagementwasthefirstinterceptofamedium-rangetargetwiththeAegisBMD4.0systemandanSM-3BlockIBguidedmissile.
• InFY13,AegisBMDshipsorHWILfacilitiesparticipatedinseveralflightandgroundteststoassessAegisBMD3.6.1/3.6.2eand4.0.1/4.0.2systemfunctionalityandinteroperability with the BMDS.- GroundTestIntegrated-04e(GTI-04e)Part1in
November2012testedtheengagementcapabilitiesoffieldedandto-be-fieldedmissiledefenseelementsandsensorsagainstballisticmissilesofallrangesinanHWILenvironment.ParticipantsincludedAegisBMD3.6.2eand4.0.2(laboratorysites);C2BMC,Patriot,THAAD;Space-BasedInfraredSystem(SBIRS),AN/TPY-2Forward-BasedMode(FBM),JointTacticalGroundStation,andArrow.
- FastEagle2Increment2inFebruary2013exploredballistic missile defense capabilities using laboratory and distributedassetsforAegisBMD3.6.1,AN/TPY-2(FBM),C2BMC,SBIRS,andPatriot.TheeventwasdesignedtoevaluatethecapabilityofAN/TPY-2(FBM)andtheassociatedC2BMCtoaugmentexistingU.S.CentralCommandBMDScapability.Also,aprimaryfocusofthe test was the development of tactics, techniques, and procedures(TTPs)forAegisBMDuseofAN/TPY-2(FBM)dataandfortheprovisionofAN/TPY-2(FBM)trackdatatoAegis,THAAD,andPatriot.
- FastAssuranceinFebruary2013usedlaboratoryassetsofAegisBMD4.0.2,C2BMC,Ground-basedMidcourseDefense(GMD),COBRADANE,AN/TPY-2(FBM),andSBIRStodemonstratetheinteroperabilitybetweenAegisBMDandGMDfirecontrolinrelationtotheAegisBMDLRS&Tmission.
- GTI-04ePart1aruns-for-the-recordinOctober2013further explored theater/regional defense capabilities (beyondthosetestedinGTI-04ePart1)usingupdated
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softwarebuildsforAN/TPY-2(FBM),C2BMC,andTHAAD,inadditiontoAegisBMD3.6.2eand4.0.2.
- AnAegisBMD4.0.2cruiserparticipatedinFlightTestGround-BasedInterceptor-07(FTG-07)inJuly2013.ThecruisersuccessfullyperformedLRS&TdutiesinsupportoftheGMDengagementagainstanintermediate-rangeballisticmissiletarget.FTG-07wasthefirstlive-targetLRS&TmissionperformedbyanAegisBMD4.0shipwheretheship’sdatawereusedtocreateGMD’sweapontaskplan.
- TheFTO-01SystemPre-MissionTestinJuly2013exploredintegratedengagementcapabilityforAegisBMD3.6.2eandTHAADinanoperationallyrelevantarchitectureusingHWILassetstoreducerisksfortheFTO-01flightmission.
- AegisBMDparticipatedintheFastAimHWILeventinAugust2013,whichdemonstratedtheuseoftheSea-BasedX-band(SBX)radarinstrategicdefensescenarios.ThetestincludedlaboratoryassetsofAegisBMD,C2BMC,GMDFireControl,AN/TPY-2(FBM),SBX,andSBIRS.
- TheMDAconductedaMaintenanceDemonstration(M-Demo)inAugust2013usinganAegisBMD4.0.2shipto collect reliability, maintainability, and availability data.
- TheMDAperformedasetofwarfightersimulationsinanHWILenvironmentinAugustandSeptember2013aspartoftheFTO-01campaign.ThewarfighterusedthesimulationstoexploreandrefineTTPs,andfortrainingof operators for regional/theater engagement scenarios. ParticipantsincludedAegisBMD,THAAD,SBIRS,AN / TPY-2(FBM),andC2BMC.
- AegisBMD3.6.1participatedintheFTI-01SystemPost-FlightReconstructioninSeptember2013,whichwasaBMDSHWIL-basedeventdesignedtoprovidedatainsupportofmodelingandsimulationverification,validation,and accreditation efforts.
Assessment• InFY13,AegisBMDdemonstratedthecapabilityto
perform end-to-end engagements against complex separating short-range and separating medium-range ballistic missiles withtheAegisBMD4.0systemandSM-3BlockIBguidedmissiles.
• FlighttestinginFY13exercisedAegisBMD4.0launch-on-remoteanddemonstratedthecapabilityofthe4.0systemtofiredeployedSM-3BlockIAguidedmissiles.
• TestdatafromFY13,incombinationwithdatacollectedduringpreviousflighttesting,suggestthatoverallAegisBMD4.0WeaponSystemreliabilityisadequateforthemidcourse defense mission against short- and medium-range ballisticmissiles.However,theSM-3BlockIBthirdstagerocketmotor(TSRM)hasexperiencedflighttestfailuresthatrequirefurtherinvestigationandtheidentificationoftheunderlyingrootcause(s).
• AegisBMD4.0’sparticipationinFTG-07verifiedthesystem’scapabilitytoperformLRS&Tagainstlong-rangetargets.However,thetesthighlightedtheneedtofurtherexploreand
refineTTPsforthetransmissionandreceiptofAegisBMDtrackdataforusebyGMD.
• WiththecompletionofFTM-21andFTM-22,theIOT&EflighttestingphaseforAegisBMD4.0andSM-3BlockIBguidedmissilesisnearlycomplete.However,theprogramneedstocompleteFlightTestOther-18(FTX-18)andplannedHWILtestingofraidengagementcapabilityandInformationAssurancetestingusingaccreditedmodelsandsimulationsin the test runs-for-the-record before an assessment of effectivenessandsuitabilitycanbemade.Additionally,theprogramneedstotestAegis-Aegis,Aegis-THAAD,andAegis-Patriotengagementcoordination;onlythefirstofthese three types of engagement coordination is planned forlive-targettestingbeforetheSM-3BlockIBFull-RateProductiondecisionin4QFY14.
• TheprogramhasaddressedandtestedcorrectionsfortheSM-3TSRMproblemsfoundinFTM-15andFTM-16Event 2. - Theprogramre-designedtheTSRMcoldgasregulatorin
responsetotheFTM-15anomalousTSRMbehavior;thenewcoldgasregulatorhasnowbeenflighttestedfivetimeswithout incident.
- TocorrectthefailureexhibitedintheFTM-16Event2TSRMenergeticevent,theprogrammodifiedtheTSRM’sinter-pulsedelaytime;thenowgreaterminimuminter-pulse delay has been exercised without incident in threeflighttestsandanumberofground-basedstaticfirings.
• DuringFTM-21,thesecondoftwosalvo-launchedSM-3BlockIBguidedmissilessufferedareliabilityfailureoftheTSRMduringsecondpulseoperations(thefirstmissilehadalreadyachievedasuccessfulintercept).TheMDAhasestablishedaFailureReviewBoardtodeterminetherootcauseof this failure.
• AFailureReviewBoardconcludedthatthefailuretointerceptinFTI-01wascausedbyafaultymemorychipintheSM-3BlockIAguidedmissile’sInertialMeasurementUnit(IMU).ThespecificbrandofIMUwiththisproblemisconfinedtoasmallfractionoffieldedSM-3BlockIAguidedmissiles,andtheprogramandU.S.Navyareworkingtomitigateanypotential impact from those rounds. The faulty chip is not presentintheIMU’sdesignfortheSM-3BlockIBguidedmissile.
• AnAegisBMD3.6.2edestroyer,usinganSM-3BlockIAguided missile, successfully intercepted its medium-range ballisticmissiletargetduringFTO-01.AfullassessmentofFTO-01 test mission data with respect to the effectiveness, suitability, and interoperability of the participating BMDS elements is ongoing.
• Continuedpost-deploymentsystem-levelgroundtestingwiththeAegisBMD3.6systemhashelpedtorefineTTPsand overall interoperability of that system with the BMDS. However,thetesteventsroutinelydemonstratedthatinter-element coordination and interoperability are still in need of improvement.
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Recommendations• StatusofPreviousRecommendations.
- The program addressed the remaining part of the recommendation from FY11 to demonstrate that the SM-3TSRMproblemthatcausedthefailureinFTM-16Event 2 has been corrected when it completed the FTM-19, FTM- 20,andFTM-21flightmissionswithTSRMinter-pulse delays at the revised minimum value.
- TheprogramaddressedthefirstrecommendationfromFY12toconductfurtherlive-targettestingoftheAegisBMD4.0.2LRS&TcapabilitywhenitsuccessfullysenttrackdataforusebyGMDfirecontrolinFTG-07.
- The program addressed the second FY12 recommendation toengageamedium-rangetargetbeforetheFull-RateProductiondecisionfortheSM-3BlockIBguidedmissileto support assessment of midcourse capability when it completedtheFTM-22flightmission.
• FY13Recommendations.Theprogramshould:1. ConductflighttestingofAegisBMD4.0’sremote
authorizedengagementcapabilityagainstamedium-range
ballistic missile or intermediate-range ballistic missile target usinganSM-3BlockIBguidedmissile.
2. ConductoperationallyrealistictestingthatexercisesAegisBMD4.0’simprovedengagementcoordinationwithTHAADandPatriot.
3. ContinuetoassessanAegisBMD4.0interceptmissionwhere the ship simultaneously engages an anti-air warfare target to verify BMD/anti-air warfare capability.
4. UsetheFailureReviewBoardprocesstoidentifythefailuremechanism responsible for the FTM-21 second missile failure and determine if there is an underlying root cause commontoboththeFTM-16Event2andFTM-21secondmissile failures.
5. DeliversufficientAegisBMD4.0validationdataandevidence to support BMDS modeling and simulation verification,validation,andaccreditationoftheAegisHWILanddigitalmodels.
