AEC, Initiatives in SME Cluster Development and Export Consortia Formation
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AEC, Initiatives in SME AEC, Initiatives in SME Cluster Development and Cluster Development and
Export Consortia Export Consortia FormationFormationDr. Nittana Southiseng
Trade and Investment Facilitation ProgramMekong Institute
Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Overview of GMS countries
• Linking the Mekong region members of ASEAN (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam) with two provinces of the People’s Republic of China
• GMS– Population - 300 million people -
Geographic spread - 2.6 million square kilometers
– Gross Domestic Product - US$ 300 billion -
– Substantial population living in poverty on less than the equivalent of one dollar a day (50 million people out of total population of 300 million
• GDP growth rate 8% - Increased FDI – Growth of exports – Growth of tourism industry - Dramatic increase in the interregional trade
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Pop: 48.3 milGDP per capita: 742 $GDP per capita in PPP: 1,197 $
Pop: 69 milGDP per capita: 4,613 $GDP per capita in PPP: 8,086 $
Pop: 14.2 milGDP per capita: 901 $GDP per capita in PPP: 2,100 $
Pop: 45.9 milGDP per capita: 2,320$GDP per capita in PPP: NA
Pop: 6.5 milGDP per capita: 1,004$GDP per capita in PPP: 2,300 $
Pop: 90.5 milGDP per capita: 1,191$GDP per capita in PPP: 3,129 $
Pop: 90.5 milGDP per capita: 2,300$GDP per capita in PPP: NA
Diversity of GMS Countries
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Role of SMEs in ASEAN
SMEs are the backbone of ASEAN and SME development is integral to achieving long-run sustainable economic growth
of the region.
SMEs comprise about 99% of all enterprises, Account for 50% of manufacturing outputs
Employ 44%-70% of employment Contribute19%-31% to exports
Contribute between 30%-53% to the country GDP
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1,600
300
1,200
3,211
819
2,533
Achieving ASEAN 2015 is Constrained by “The Prosperity Gap”2003 2009
Source:–AEC Chartbook 2010
Per Capita GDP – US$
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“One Vision, One Identity, One Community”
ASEAN GMS Countries - 2010
Land area: 1.94 M sq Km
Population: 232 M
ASEAN Countries - 2010
Land area: 4.48 M sq Km
Population: 614 M
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AEC 2015
Goal :Regional economic integration by 2015. AEC envisages : (a) a single market and production base,(b) a highly competitive economic region, (c) a region of equitable economic development, and (d) a region fully integrated into the global economy.
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AEC 2015To transform ASEAN into a region with free movement of
goods, services, investment, skilled labour, and freer flow of capital.
Areas of cooperation include :• human resources development and capacity building; • recognition of professional qualifications; • closer consultation on macroeconomic and financial
policies; • trade facilitation measures• enhanced infrastructure and communications connectivity; • development of electronic transactions through e-ASEAN; • integrating industries across the region to promote regional
sourcing; • enhancing private sector involvement for the building of
the AEC.
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ASEAN Economic Community
(AEC)
ASEAN Socio-Cultural
Community (ASCC)
ASEAN Political-Security
Community(ASC)
ASEAN Community in 2015
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1. A Single Market and Production Base
Free flows of goods
Free flows of services
Free flows of investment
Free flows of skilled labors
Freer flows of capital
AEC
ASEAN Economic Community: AEC
2. A Highly Competitive Economic Region
e-ASEAN (e-commerce)
Taxation
Intellectual Property Rights
Competition Policy
Infrastructure Development
Consumer Protection
3. A Region of Equitable Eco. Development
Development of SMEs
Narrowing Development Gap
4. A Region fully integrated into Global
Arrangement of FTAs with non-ASEAN
Involvement in global supply chain
Year2015
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Major issues faced by CLMV countries that hinder narrowing development gaps and economic
integration into AEC include:
Underdeveloped public human resource capacities and institutional support systems to develop and implement trade and investment policy and regulatory framework
Lack of industry clusters and facilities that can
provide SMEs access to regional and global value
chains
Identified Issues of SMEs
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Small and Medium Enterprises
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Capacity Development Issues
Limited entrepreneurship development
Limited SME ability to integrate into RVC and GVC
Limited capacity to implement FTAs and trade and investment policies
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Capacity Development for Integrating CLMV Economies into
AEC 2015Outcomes:
Increased Understanding of Value of SME Clusters and Export NetworkIncreased understanding and utilization of FTAs by SME exporters
Capacity development of business development services (BDS) providers and SME exporters
5 Components: A. Gap and Postharvest PracticesB. Agriculture Policies and CBCFC. SME Cluster and Export NetworkD. FTAs and Trade PoliciesF. Capacity Building of Young Professionals
Duration: 3 years (2012-14)Partners: Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Industry and Trade associations, SME associations in Cambodia, Lao,
Myanmar and Vietnam.
C. SME Cluster and Export NetworkD. FTAs and Trade Policies
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Approach:Modular Capacity Development
Do to Learn
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C. SME Cluster Development and Export Network
Training on SME cluster and Export consortia
Investor Forum
a. Modular Training Programs
b. Action Plan
Implementation of action plan to form cluster and export consortia
c. Action Research
Process documentation of action research
Policy Briefs on SME cluster development
d. Investor Forum
Market access to SME consortia
Implementation Strategy
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SME Cluster and Export Consortia Formation
Capacity Building
Group
Identify Sector/Product
Action Plan Preparation for Capacity Building
Coaching for Export Consortia Formation
Implement Action Plan on SME cluster development Consortia
SME Consortia Group
Value Chain Actors Identification
Action Plan Preparation for Export consortia
Implement Action Plan Coaching Value Chain
Export Consortium Formed
Export Consortium Formed
Market Linkage
Investor Forum
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Action Plans
1Cambodia Capacity Building (CB) - Milled Organic Rice ClusterGroup: Lun Yeng, Lay Navinn, Yun Sovanna, Ek Shopheara
2Cambodia Consortia Group (CG)- Instant Noodle Export ConsortiaGroup:Linh Thorn&Pok Mony
3
Laos CB- Silk ClusterGroup:Malaykham Philaphone, Phetanong Insarn & Somthong Philavanh,Philayhack Phothisane
4Laos-CG-Furniture Export ConsortiaGroup:Vannitha Phommavong, Phithikone Vilaithong
5Myanmar CB Dehydrated Vegetable ClusterGroup:Aung Win, Tin Htay, MuMu, Phyu Sin Thant
6Myanmar CG Plastic Export ConsortiaGroup:Aung Myint, Aung Myo
7Vietnam CB Silk and HandicraftGroup:MaiDieuHuyen, NguyenMinhHien,NguyenMinhHai
8Vietnam CG Organic Tea Export ConsortiaGroup:HoangCongMinh, ThanVanSuu
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MI Initiatives of TF ………………...
C. SME Cluster Development and Export
Network
Needs Assessment of SME status, SME export status and
FTA utilization in CLMV
Training on SME cluster development and Export
Consortia
Implementation of action plans in CLMV to conduct national workshops
on SME cluster development
Provide coaching and hand holding support by national teams to form SME Export
consortiums
Action Research
…Jan-Feb 12
…14-25 May 2012
Aug-Oct 12
…Oct 12-Feb 13
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Action Research:Action Research:SME Clusters and Value Chain Integration in CLMVTSME Clusters and Value Chain Integration in CLMVT
Training on Action
Research Methodology
on SME Clusters and Value Chain Integration
(VCI)
Field Action Research and
Document Process of the
Identified SME Clusters and VCI as per research plan
Write Report on each of the
Product Cluster
19-21 Jan
Analyze Data on SME
Cluster and VCI on
identified SME Clusters
14-18 Jan
12-16 Nov12 17 Nov-31Dec 13 14-18 Jan 13 19-21 Jan 13 22-23 Jan 13 24 Jan-5 Feb 13
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Mr. Madhuriya Kumar Dutta (India)Program Manager
Ms. Sweety Soe Nyo Nyo (Myanmar)Program Facilitator
Dr. Nittana Southiseng (Laos)SME Development Specialist
Ms. Huyen Nguyen
(Vietnam)Program
Facilitator
Action Research TeamTF Team
Ms. Hyun Ah Yi(Korea)Intern
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Thank You