Ae bc ppt04

Recap

1© Aptech Training Ltd. FZE

Recap

In the previous lesson you learnt to:

• Use negotiating expressions to take part in the negotiation of a

class contract

• Take part in a group presentation

• Use appropriate body language for a presentation and negotiation

For Aptech Centre Use Only

Work Culture


At the end of this lesson you will be able to:

• Define corporate culture in detail

• Describe the work culture of your workplace

• Identify and use defining relative clauses


Learning Objectives



Defining Corporate Culture

Corporate culture refers to the shared

values, attitudes, standards and beliefs

that characterise members of an

organisation and define its nature.



Exercise

The following sentences could describe a company’s culture:

1. We don’t have a dress code.

2. Each new member of staff has a mentor.

3. We are expected to do things by the book.

4. Our directors have a clear vision.

5. Employees are quite competitive with each other.

6. We have an entrepreneurial culture.

7. Job sharing is permitted at all levels.

8. Even senior managers are willing to get their hands dirty.For Aptech Centre Use Only


Exercise

Match the words and expressions to the definitions.

Words/Expressions Definition

1. dress code a. a person who gives you help and support

2. mentor b. according to the rules

3. by the bookc. wanting very much to win or be more successful than other

people

4. vision d. involving risk taking

5. competitive e. to divide the duties and the pay of one job between two

people who work at different times during the day or week

6. entrepreneurial f. involved in all parts of a job even the less pleasant parts

7. job sharing g. a set of rules about what you can wear

8. get their hands dirty h. a view of how the company will be in the futureFor Aptech Centre Use Only


Exercise

Answers

Words/Expressions Definition

1. dress code g. a set of rules about what you can wear

2. mentor a. a person who gives you help and support

3. by the book b. according to the rules

4. vision h. a view of how the company will be in the future

5. competitive c. wanting very much to win or be more successful than other

people

6. entrepreneurial d. involving risk taking

7. job sharing e. to divide the duties and the pay of one job between two

people who work at different times during the day or week

8. get their hands dirty f. involved in all parts of a job even the less pleasant partsFor Aptech Centre Use Only

Speaking Skills


Exercise

• Which of the statements 1 to 8 of 4.1.1 are true for your company or a

company you know well?

• Discuss with your group.



Know Your Company

• Rate the statements on aspects of corporate culture as follows:

• The scale is 1 to 3 where 1 = Disagree; 2 = Neutral; 3 = Agree

Points Your Opinion

20 - 30 • You prefer to work in a more flexible work atmosphere.

• You believe in interacting directly with the person concerned.

15 - 20 • You accept the organisation style as it is.

• You go with the tide and never voice your opinion about the work culture.

< 15• You would rather want to be in a company that follows traditional

workstyle.

• You feel more secured when all activities in the office are done in a formal manner.For Aptech Centre Use Only


Defining Relative Clauses

Look at these sentences:

1. Google is a company that values creativity.

2. I have a manager who likes giving orders.

3. I’m looking for a job which pays well.

The part of the sentence in italics is a defining relative clause. This provides more

information about the noun in bold. The underlined word is the relative pronoun.




• In a defining relative clause the relative clause DEFINES the noun. It tells us what

the company, manager or job is like.

• The relative pronoun that can replace who or which in the sentences. Which can

replace that in the first sentence i.e. ‘Google is a company that values creativity’.

• A defining relative clause has no commas.




A relative clause can be used for a noun which is not already clearly defined, such as chair, boy, picture or dog. We need more information to determine which chair, boy, picture or dog we are talking about.

• That is the chair (which) my parents gave me. (Not the one I bought myself)

• We know the boy that won the race. (Not the boy that lost)

• She uploaded the picture (which) she took at the beach. (Not the one she took in

the café)

• The dog that bit me was black and white. (Not brown)

If a noun is fully defined already, including it’s named, you will use the other type of relative clause (non-defining), which will be discussed later.For Aptech Centre Use Only

Writing Skills


Exercise

Do you think these nouns or noun phrases will be followed by a defining

relative clause? Tick () or cross () them.

• The computer

• Daniel Martin

• The blond curly-haired Swedish boy

• Coca cola

• The tree

• The maple tree in my back garden For Aptech Centre Use Only

Writing Skills


Exercise

Answers

• The computer

• Daniel Martin

• The blond curly-haired Swedish boy

• Coca cola

• The tree

• The maple tree in my back garden



Relative Pronoun

In these two sentences the relative pronoun can be omitted (left out). The noun that

the relative clause provides gives more information about the OBJECT not the subject

of the sentence.

That is the chair (which) my parents gave me.

She uploaded the picture (which) she took at the beach.

object subject

object subject



Relative Pronoun

In the other two examples, the relative pronoun is necessary because the noun it

defines is the SUBJECT of the sentence.

We know the boy that won the race.

The dog that bit me was black and white.

subject

subject



Relative Pronoun

Decide whether the relative pronoun is necessary or optional in these sentences. Cross it out if it is optional.

a. This is the most boring place that I’ve ever been to.

b. There’s a bus that goes from in front of my house to the hospital.

c. Saul said it’s the best job that he’s ever had.

d. Was it you who started singing at 3 AM?

e. What’s the worst thing that could happen?

f. My Maths teacher is the person who I admire most in the world.

Note: When that is used as a relative pronoun it is pronounced /ðət/For Aptech Centre Use Only


Relative Pronoun

Answers

a. This is the most boring place I’ve ever been to.

b. There’s a bus that goes from in front of my house to the hospital.

c. Saul said it’s the best job he’s ever had.

d. Was it you who started singing at 3 AM?

e. What’s the worst thing that could happen?

f. My Maths teacher is the person I admire most in the world.

Note: When that is used as a relative pronoun it is pronounced /ðət/For Aptech Centre Use Only


Exercise

Complete these sentences using defining relative clauses.

1. I work for the sort of company that…

_______________________________________________________________________

2. Mine is the sort of job that…

_______________________________________________________________________

3. My boss is the sort of person who…

_______________________________________________________________________

4. I have an office which…

_______________________________________________________________________For Aptech Centre Use Only

Listening Skills

Listen to four people talking about the culture of their workplace.

• Lauren

• Luke

• Hilary

• Samira


Listening Exercise



Working Out New Vocabulary From Context

Look at the words and phrases and match them to their meanings.

Words/Phrases Meaning

1. Male-dominated a. do or say something unkind without the person knowing

2. Isolatedb. someone who listens and understands when you talk about your

problems

3. Colourful c. alone, with no one to support you

4. Intense d. (in this context) high energy, pressurised and not relaxed

5. Competitive e. in a friendly and peaceful way

6. Boasting f. including people from many different cultures or racesFor Aptech Centre Use Only



Look at the words and phrases and match them to their meanings.


7. Behind their back g. controlled mainly by men or consisting mainly of men

8. Close-knith. to proudly tell other people about what you have done or can do or

about something you own, especially in order to make them admire you

9. A shoulder to cry on

i. consisting of people who do a lot of activities together and look after one another

10. Diverse j. (in this context) rude

11. Harmoniouslyk. to have just enough of something such as money or knowledge so

that you can do what you need to do

12. Get by l. always trying to be more successful than other peopleFor Aptech Centre Use Only



Answers


1. Male-dominated g. controlled mainly by men or consisting mainly of men

2. Isolated c. Alone, with no one to support you

3. Colourful j. (in this context) rude

4. Intense d. (in this context) high energy, pressurised and not relaxed

5. Competitive l. Always trying to be more successful than other people

6. Boastingh. to proudly tell other people about what you have done or can do or

about something you own, especially in order to make them admire youFor Aptech Centre Use Only



Answers


7. Behind their back a. Do or say something unkind without the person knowing

8. Close-kniti. consisting of people who do a lot of activities together and look after

one another

9. A shoulder to cry on

b. Someone who listens and understands when you talk about your problems

10. Diverse f. including people from many different cultures or races

11. Harmoniously e. In a friendly and peaceful way

12. Get byk. to have just enough of something such as money or knowledge so

that you can do what you need to doFor Aptech Centre Use Only


Exercise

Who…?

1. Works with lots of different types of people _________________________

2. Works with sympathetic people _________________________

3. Doesn’t always enjoy being with their co-workers _________________________

4. Works in an office where people like to show their skills _________________________

5. Is not very motivated by money _________________________

6. Doesn’t seem to like their work environment very much _________________________

7. Says their work environment is welcoming _________________________

8. Seems to have a good work-life balance _________________________

9. Doesn’t have much privacy at work _________________________

10. Would probably like to discuss different topics at work _________________________For Aptech Centre Use Only


Exercise

Answers

1. Works with lots of different types of people _________________________

2. Works with sympathetic people _________________________

3. Doesn’t always enjoy being with their co-workers _________________________

4. Works in an office where people like to show their skills _________________________

5. Is not very motivated by money _________________________

6. Doesn’t seem to like their work environment very much _________________________

7. Says their work environment is welcoming _________________________

8. Seems to have a good work-life balance _________________________

9. Doesn’t have much privacy at work _________________________

10. Would probably like to discuss different topics at work _________________________

Samira

Hilary

Lauren

Luke

Hilary and/or Samira

Luke

Hilary

Samira

Luke

Lauren For Aptech Centre Use Only


Talking About the Culture of Your Workplace

• In groups talk about your workplace in a similar way to the speakers you listened to.

• Think about

– Dress code

– Forms of address

– Whether offices are tidy, cluttered, personalised and so on

– Closeness or distance in relationships

– Having lunch together or meeting up outside work

– Having social events, trips and so on

– Whether training or professional development is compulsory, neglected or encouraged

– Whether the structure is flat or hierarchical



Talking About the Culture of Your Workplace

• After everyone has spoken for about 2 minutes, discuss the similarities and

differences between your companies.

• Now write a paragraph based on your talk about the work culture of your

company.



Test Your Knowledge

1. Are these correct or not? If not, correct them.

Sentences

1 Keith is the man supervises the factory staff.

2 Pepsi is a drink which is similar to Coca cola.

3 Yoghurt is a food that is recommended by nutritionists.

4 The man who sold me my car.

5 Samuel Beckett who wrote Endgame is my favourite writer.For Aptech Centre Use Only


Test Your Knowledge

1. Answers

Sentences

1 Keith is the man who supervises the factory staff.

2 Pepsi is a drink which is similar to Coca cola.- Correct

3 Yoghurt is a food that is recommended by nutritionists. -Correct

4 The man who sold me my car works for IBM (Example)

5 Samuel Beckett, who wrote Endgame, is my favourite writer. (Add commas - not a defining relative clause)For Aptech Centre Use Only


Test Your Knowledge

2. Write down the meanings of theses words/phrases.

Words/phrases

1 Behind somebody’s back

2 Diverse

3 Close-knit

4 Harmoniously

5 IntenseFor Aptech Centre Use Only

Words/phrases

1 Do or say something unkind without the person knowing.

2 Including people from many different cultures or races.

3Consisting of people who do a lot of activities together and look afterone another.

4 In a friendly and peaceful way.

5 High energy, pressurised and not relaxed.


Test Your Knowledge

2. Answers



In a Nutshell…

In this lesson you learnt to:

• Define corporate culture in detail

• Describe the work culture of your workplace

• Identify and use defining relative clauses


Ae bc ppt04

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