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Public RelationsOctober 12, 1998STOCKHOLM, Sweden (CNN) -- Three U.S. scientists whose work going back

decades led to the use of the wildly popular Viagra anti-impotence drug won a Nobel Prize on Monday. They discovered that the body uses nitric oxide to regulate blood vessels, a finding that helped in developing Viagra.

The discovery about nitric oxide -- a colorless gas long considered just an air pollutant -- also has applications for treating conditions ranging from heart disease to shock.

The winners. The $978,000 prize for the category "physiology and medicine" is awarded by Sweden's Karolinska Institute. This year's awards is divided equally among the three pharmacologists:

Robert Furchgott, 82, does his work at the State University of New York in Brooklyn. "I'm very pleased,“ he said at his Long Island home. "I truly wasn't sure I'd ever get an award like this. I wasn't sure that I deserved it."

Zouis Ignarro , 57, is a professor at the University of California-Los Angeles. His wife, Dr. Sharon Williams, said her husband is "thrilled" and "very surprised." Ignarro was traveling in Europe when he received the news.

Ferid Murad, 62, is a researcher at the University of Texas Medical School in Houston and formerly did work at the University of Virginia. Having worked independently of the other two winners, he called the announcement "a delightful surprise.”

Murad discovered in 1977 that nitroglycerin and similar substances releasenitric oxide, which relaxes smooth muscle cells.

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