ADVENTURE TOURISM AND ECOTOURISM - People come to Canada for our environment - Adventure and...

ADVENTURE TOURISMAND

ECOTOURISM

- People come to Canada for our environment

- Adventure and Ecotourism is Canada’s main tourism industry

- People come to Calgary from Japan to fish in the Bow River for $500-800 a day

By: AAR and KM

Management Plans of Parks Canada• Emphasis is moving from use to maintenance and

protection• Challenged with maintaining the integrity of parks’

ecosystems which is defined as” • Having their native components intact• Biodiversity (Different types of life)• Ecosystem processes’

• Parks Canada is in charge of the land which work for Environmental Canada

• Their focus was the use of the land• The main focus now is the Maintenance and the Protection

• It is important to have different kinds of life, such as the trees

• Logging industries cut down trees and replant them, but they are replanting the same trees which affects the biodiversity of the forests

• We have to protect the Ecosystem processes (Water Cycle, Carbon Cycle, etc.) so that we can ensure that the processes continue unchanged

Crown LandsMuch of our Canadian wilderness is owned

by the federal or provincial governments – known as Crown Land

The Queen is the leader of Canada, which means all the land is not owned by the people, it is owned by the government which is owned by the Queen

Most adventure tourism occurs on Crown land

E.g. province of British Columbia92% is provincial Crown land1% is federal Crown land5% is privately owned2% covered by water

StressorsAny event that

causes the alteration or demise of a species

• External stressors: building of roads, establishment of businesses, increased use of land by people

Stressors• Other Stressors:

– Habitat loss or fragmentation (bears)– When some parks are built, they were built in the middle of the animals’ habitat– Building of roads and cities within natural habitats create conflicts between humans and

animals

– Disappearance of top predators impacts whole food chain – Pollution (air pollution, pesticides/herbicides)

– Bio-magnification: the process by which the poisons of the lower organisms magnified in the higher organisms

– Overpopulation of pests lead to the use pesticides and poisons

– Alien Species (non native animals/plants)– Invasive species: Species that invade the area

– Overuse

Adventure TourismSOFT AdventureNot dangerousLess riskyLess strenuousLittle or no

preparationE.g. trail hiking,

canoeing on a small lake, fishing, etc.

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada 9-6

Adventure TourismHARD AdventureCan be dangerousPerson needs to be fitPerson needs to have

trainedE.g. deep sea diving,

white water rafting, hiking the West Coast Trail, etc.


EcotourismResponsible travel designed to educate the

traveler about interrelationships & physiology of organisms & their environment

Physiology: The physical make-up/biology of the organisms

Interrelationships: The connections between the animals and the environment (biotic and abiotic)

Sustainable Tourism Sustainable Tourism: Responsible to the environment

Responsible Tourism

Ecotourism is often about Sustainability

Sustainability: Ensuring that you do not use more than can be replaced, that you take care of the resources for future use.•For example:

• If you use more trees than can be grown to replace the ones you use, you will soon run out of trees. This is NOT sustainable.

• If you make sure that all trees that you cut down are replaced by growing trees, then you will not run out of trees. This IS sustainable.

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Ecotourism cont’dGreenwashing – too many tour operators and

suppliers using ecotourism to encourage clients yet NOT doing anything to ensure they are being responsible to our ecosystemsWhite washing: To cover things up (hiding the dirt)

Ecotourism cont’dTourism supplier & consumer

responsibilities: Minimizing negative economic & environmental impacts Generating greater economic benefits for locals Improving working conditions Involving locals in decisions that affect their lives Providing meaningful connections with local culture for

tourists Providing access for physically challenged people

The Ecotourism Market SegmentEcotourists tend to be more mature, have

post-secondary education, prefer longer trips and are often willing to pay more for this type of tourism

Growing areas of interest: cultural and heritage tourism


TOURISM’S IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT In some ways, Tourism is viewed as a

“user” and “abuser” of the environment We need to limit harm to the

environmentThere are 2 viewpoints : Tourism provides an incentive for the

restoration of sites and for the conservation of natural resources

Tourism means overcrowding, pollution and maybe even extinction of animal life and vegetation


Tourism’s Impact cont’dCarrying capacity – the maximum # of

people who can use a site with only acceptable alteration to the physical environment and only acceptable decline in the quality of the experience for future visitorS


Tourism’s Impact on the Natural Environment Vegetation

More people cause damage to plants, trees, wood, etc.

Water quality When people use the water, the city has to make sure its clean through water

filter systems

Wildlife Animal bridges and tunnels for animals

Coastlines Hotels taking over beaches, Creation of new beaches, changes too much

Mountains Mt. Everest has a really bad garbage problem, no garbage pick-up systems

Deserts Deserts are growing due to trees being cut down (Desertification)

Balancing The Negative Environmental ImpactDealing with climate warming seriouslyReducing carbon dioxide released into the airFuel efficient, non-carbon-producing methods

of energy

Canada’s Green Plan It is hoped that at least 12% of Canada’s

lands become protected spaces Environmental considerations must be a

priorityCanadians must be educated about

conservationGreen Committees in Hotels

They want to mandate Committees in Hotels to make sure that they are environmental stewards

Dangers of Green Plan: Although the size of Canada is big enough to find the 12% of land, they have to make sure that the land they chose is valuable and worth protecting

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Terms to be covered• outdoor recreation • heritage tourism • adventure tourism • ecotourism • sustainable tourism • economic leakage • community-based tourism • hard adventure • soft adventure • outdoor education

Your AssignmentUsing the words above (these words are

found in the D2L shell in Introduction to Adventure and Ecotourism, create a PowerPoint quiz using hyperlinks.


1. The definition of ecotourism is:1. Tourism of the environment2. Playing with dolphins3. Travelling to Donald Trump’s hair4. Visiting the Calgary Tower

Click to go to the next question.

Click to try again.

2. What does adventure tourism include?1. Visiting the play park at McDonalds.2. Going on a rollercoaster. 3. Both soft and hard tourism.4. Going to Hawaii.

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3. What is sustainable tourism?1. Using

more trees than can be grown to replace the ones you use.

2. Ensuring that you do not use more than can be replaced, that you take care of the resources for future use.

3. Planting seeds.4. Harvesting trees for the cause of paper.

Click to try again.

4. What is economic leakage?1. Leaking money.2. When all of the foreign currency earned thr

ough tourism does not remain within the host country.

3. When all of the host country’s currency earned through tourism goes to foreign countries.

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5. What is the definition of community-based tourism? 1. Activities in the community.2. Tourists in the community.3. Tourism in which local residents invite touri

sts to visit their communities with the provision of overnight accommodation.

4. Acting as a tour guide in your community.

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6. Which one of these are outdoor-recreation activities?1. Visiting Banff and engaging in outdoor activi

ties (such as hiking).2. Jogging around a park.3. All of the above.4. None of the above.

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7. What is the definition of heritage tourism?1. Learning about your ancestors.2. Digging through an old man’s hair.3. Visiting a museum.4. A branch of tourism oriented towards the cu

ltural heritage of the location.

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8. What is hard tourism?1. Going up a rocky cliff.2. A dangerous activity in the outdoors.3. An activity outdoors that requires training.4. All of the above.

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9. What is soft adventure?1. Walking through a cotton field.2. Digging through the clothing in the dryer.3. An outdoor activity that takes little or no

preparation.4. None of the above.

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10. Which of these activities is an example of outdoor education?1. Going on a tour about an ancient location.2. Learning about the different types of insects

that inhabit the forests.3. Organized learning that takes place in the

outdoors.4. All of the above.

YOU’RE FINISHED!

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ADVENTURE TOURISM AND ECOTOURISM - People come to Canada for our environment - Adventure and...

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