Advantages and constraints of seaweed production in IMTA

C. Rebours1, J. Maguire2, D. Gunning2, J. Treasurer3, M. Sanchez3, D. Israel4, D. Kletou5, A. Hughes6, L. Brunner6, J. Johansen7, T. Bjørnå7, F. O´Mahony8,

M. Chiantore9, D. Pecorino9, David Attwood10

1 NIBIO, Postboks 115, 1431 Ås, Norway2 DOMMRS, Gearhies, Bantry, Co. Cork, Ireland3 FAI Aquaculture, Ardtoe Marine Research Facility, Ardtoe, Acharacle, Argyll, PH36 4LD, United Kingdom4 Leon Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel5 Marine and Environmental Research Lab Ltd, 20 Christou Tsiarta St., Nicosia 1041, Cyprus6 Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunbeg, Oban Argyll, PA37 1QA, United Kingdom7 GIFAS, Nordvågen, N-8140 Inndyr, Norway8 Cartron Point Shellfish Ltd., New Quay, Burrin, Co. Clare, Ireland9 Department on Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26-16135, Genova, Italy10 Scottish Salmon Company / LFO

IDREEMIncreasing industrial resource efficiency in European mariculture

Funded by Eu 7 Framework ProgrammeStart 1. October 2012Duration 4 yearsTotal budget: € 5,771,967 ERDF funding: € 4,206,435

Representation of the inputs and outputs of a modern IMTA production process. Red boxes = inputs; blue boxes = outputs, yellow flows = waste; green flows = additional flows gained from the adoption of IMTA. Author: IDREEM

IDREEM TEAM

PARTNERS

5 RTDs and 10 SMEs

Geographical location of SME (red) and RTD (white) partners of IDREEMacross Europe superimposed on a map of marine primary productivity,illustrating the different production environments that IDREEM encompasses.Image from SeaWiFS Project NASA/GSFC and GeoEYE, data 1997-2010.

PARTNERS

ff meeting in Scotland.

seaweed included in the IMTA design

Oligotrophic system

No know-how for producing seedlings of possibly valuable species

nterest in co-culturing high value species for the local market (oysters), - no knowledge about the potential of local market for algae - no need for algal biomass for culturing other species (such as urchins).

ITALY Mariachiara ChiantoreDanilo Pecorino

possibility to sustain large production of seaweed at commercial stage

Waters oligotrophic

portunistic seaweeds (having short life cycles like Ulva spp.) develop naturally on the farm ropes in spring/summer disappear in the winter

CYPRUS Demetris Kletou

Blue Island Plc

Seawave Fisheries Ltd

CYPRUS

ecies identified around the farmDictyopteris membranacea, Cystoseira sp., ilamentous Phaeophyte and othersUlva spp. observed on the cage

LAND-BASED IMTA

ISRAEL

va lactuca growth experiment

rpose: examine the potential growth of the seaweed Ulva lactuca on nutrient-h seawater pumped from underneath the fish farm.

Dafna Israel

ISRAEL

Design• 4 tanks with water pumped from

underneath the fish farm (nutrient rich water)

• 4 tanks will use “regular” water that is not impacted from the farm activity and one growth tank.

• 1 tank Control water

Measures- Growth rate - protein and starch content- Ammonia and phosphate

concentration in the water at the entrance and exit point of each tank

va lactuca growth experiment

SCOTLAND Miguel Sanchez

SCOTLAND

OPEN-SEA IMTA

Photo: R. Våga Pedersen

IRELAND

2013

TA system (salmon + seaweed) at 2 sites: Bantry Bay and Kenmare Bay aria esculenta & Saccharina latissimaay-December : Hatchery and on-grown at Cartron Point Shellfish Ltdcember-January : transported and deployment on site

Gunning D.O´Mahony F.

Maguire J.

• 2013 / 2014 - 200 m of A. esculenta at 50 m to salmon cages- 100 m of A. esculenta at 1 km east of pilot IMTA site

• 2015- 80 m of A. esculenta and 220m of S. latissima at 150 m to salmon cages- 20 m of A. esculenta and 80m of S. latissima at 1km to salmon cages

IRELANDIMTA set-up – Bantry Bay

IRELANDIMTA set-up – Kenmare Bay

• 2013 / 2014 - 30 m of A. esculenta at 50 m to salmon cages

• 2015

2013: no data for eastern line as lost during storm

IRELAND

0

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2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

27_02_2014 04_04_2014 14_05_2014

kg/m

Biomass ‐ Kenmare Bay

WestLine

2014: Bantry Bay lines damaged – No Biomass Data

IRELAND

ue to the damages on Bantry Bay lines in 2014, the site will not be used for eaweed culturen 2015/2016 One site: Kenmare bay

IRELAND

OMMRS awarded seaweed license – July 2014

Ha area for seaweed longlines

aria esculenta & Saccharina latissima

roducts for aquaculture and agriculture

SCOTLAND

Since 2013 IMTA system (salmon + seaweed) at Ardcastle site Alaria esculenta & Saccharina latissimaBroodstock collected locally in Loch FyneMay-December : Hatchery and on-grown at SAMS December-January : transported and deployment on site

Lars BrunnerDavid AttwoodAdam Hughes

Different seaweed rafts at the Ardcastle IMTA site 2012 - 2013 conventional repeated droppers2013-2014 lines running at right angles between the longlines 2014-2015 light, sub-surface lines running parallel to the main longlines

yr. 1 (harvest 2013) – a moderate amount of both species, with slightly more A. esculenta Maximum plant length up to 1.8m.

SCOTLAND

yr. 2 (harvest 2014) hatchery issues, late outplanting, the young seedlings did not take off successfully and were smothered by Ectocarpus sp. with only a few individuals growing to any full length (1m+)

SCOTLAND

Week 16. 2015

(harvest 2015) 2 lines 200 metres, Jan 16 – May 16:very successful crop of species,

SCOTLAND

NORWAY Rebours C., Hansen P.M., Stamenic J.Johansen J., Bjørno T., Beddari K.,

lications of aquaculture policy and regulation for the elopment of Integrated multitrophic Aquaculture in Norway

wegian aquaculture is highly regulated and controlled The Ministries and Authorities ved are:

Directorate of Fisheries, an agency within the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries,Ministry of the Environment, Petroleum and Energy, Agriculture and Food and Health and Care Services (MHCS) in which The Norwegian Safety Authority is involved with fish health and welfare and food safety.

production must conform to-The Aquaculture Act 2005,-The Food Safety Act 2000, -The Nature Diversity Act 2009-The Act on planning and building regulation 2008-The Pollution Control Act 1981-The Act on Ports and Waterways 2009The Water Resources Act 2000

Governance Challenges

No regulation specific for seaweed culture

Marius Dalen Presentation at Sats marint 2015tp://www.sjomat.no/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Marius-Dalen-Regelverk-r-taredyrking-og-IMTA.pdf

Miljødirektoratet Rapport M-299 2015: Risikovurdering ved utsetting av ikke-stedegne tare

Fisken og havet, særnummer 2–2015: Risikovurdering norsk fiskeoppdrett2014

Governance ChallengesRegulations and risks assessment

First IMTA authorization in Norway

aboratory : 2 thermo-regulated culture rooms of 7 m2, a room for sterile work, a room or analytic work, a room for medium preparation, a room for wet work, 3 large tanks for broodstock experiment and storage.a culture hall of 80 m2

INFRASTRUCTURES for seaweed hatchery

Ulva spp

Culture parameters

Biomass produced

Growth rate (μ)

Time of ½ generation (G)

Develop adapted culture methods Establish seaweed breeding programme Upscale methods for large scale seedling preparation

Culture conditions

nutrients supply

Air /CO2 bubbling

Light intensity,  Photoperiod…

Methodologies for seaweed culture

Develop adapted culture methods Establish seaweed breeding programme Upscale methods for large scale seedling preparation

Alaria esculenta & Saccharina latissima

Methodologies for seaweed culture

Large scale production methodsAlaria esculenta

Methodologies for seaweed culture

Poster 327

January July

Mars

Biological Challenges

ust

Biological Challenges

Juli June

Large scale production methods

Technical Challenges

Technical Challenges

Large scale production methodsTechnical Challenges

• Environmental• Technical• Biological

• Regulatory

• Knowledge transfer (training)

Seaweed in IMTA: constraints and challenges

ucation

♦ Farmers♦ Production technicians♦ Research technicians♦ Researchers

♦ Trans-sectors and industries

♦ Increase public knowledge of the seaweed industry

mmunication

KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER

rease knowledge for a better understanding of the physiology e.g. biology, ology, chemical content to develop adapted culture methodsEnvironmental impactIdentification of the biological material (ecotype-genotype-chemotype)Selection of the appropriate seeds, parents plantsConservation of identified algae material in a bank

velop stable algae products in quality and quantity Marketing studyQuality test of the new algae products (e.g. health effects, nutritional value, fertilization, mineralisation)Food /product safety

NEEDS FOR RTD

Production adapted to European constraints

Environmental Impact Assessment

- Ecosystem services

- Disease, contamination, grazer control

Innovative technology (e.g. Automation)

Policies developed for sustainability (economic, social and environmental)

NEEDS FOR UPSCALING

The research leading to these results has been undertaken as part of the IDREEM project (Increasing Industrial Resource Efficiency in European Mariculture www idreem eu) and has received funding from the European Union's

www.idreem.eu

Céline Rebours Forsker/Researcher, phDTel.: +47 93 43 31 08e-post: celine.rebours@nibio.noAdr.: NIBIO Bodø, N-8049

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION