Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, 2017, No. 34 …download.xuebalib.com/xuebalib.com.45037.pdf ·...

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Metamaterials

In article 1700098, frequency coding metamate-rial is introduced to achieve different controls of electromagnetic waves with a fixed spatial coding pattern when the frequency changes, by Tie Jun Cui and co-workers. The digital units of frequency coding metamaterials are having different shapes to obtain suitable initial phase responses and different phase sensitivities, which provides another degree of freedom to control electromagnetic energy radiations in the frequency domain.

Biopatterning

A wafer-scale high resolution patterning of bio-microstructures is achieved using precise protein photolithography. In article number 1700191, the application of these micropatterned structures as cellular substrate for the successful spatial guid-ance of fetal neural stems cells using well-defined silk fibroin light chain as the resist material is demonstrated by Tiger H. Tao and co-workers.

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Osmotic Engine

Manfred Wilhelm and co-workers describe an alternative method to use the difference in salt concentrations to generate energy through the use of hydrogels instead of semi-permeable membranes in article number 1700112. The main advantage of this approach over the conventional osmotic power plant is that hydrogels are much less expensive than high-tech semi-permeable membranes. This means that the hydrogels are inexpensive to replace in case of pollution (e.g. by seaweed).

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1770045 (2 of 8) www.advancedscience.com Adv. Sci. 2017, 4, 1770045© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

The synthesis of large-area high-quality graphene films is fundamental for the upcoming graphene applications. How-ever, state-of-the-art synthesis techniques can hardly realize this due to its very slow growth rate. In this review, we discuss the effects of different factors on the growth rate and the way towards ultrafast growth of high-quality graphene on Cu.

ReviewS

Graphene Growth

Z. H. Zhang, X. Z. Xu, L. Qiu, S. X. Wang, T. W. Wu, F. Ding, H. L. Peng, K. H. Liu* .............. 1700087

The Way towards Ultrafast Growth of Single-Crystal Graphene on Copper

Design and construction of integrated energy conversion and storage sys-tems (IECSSs) has attracted remarkable research interests to capture and store solar, mechanical and thermal energies or their combination from nature. From the configuration and working mechanism point of view, recent advancements of IECSSs developed with different combi-nation of energy conversion technologies and energy storage devices are reviewed.

Integrated Energy Storage

B. Luo, D. Ye, L. Wang* ........... 1700104

Recent Progress on Integrated Energy Conversion and Storage Systems

Electrohydrodynamics with mobile elec-trodes is proposed as actuation method for a millimeter-scale untethered robot, designed as an inverted sail-boat, with the thrust generated on the sail sub-merged in the liquid. The results show the feasibility of the approach and pro-vide new evidences for the further devel-opment of this actuation system for both mobile robots and compliant actuators in soft robotics.

CommuniCationS

Electrohydrodynamics

V. Cacucciolo,* H. Shigemune, M. Cianchetti, C. Laschi, S. Maeda* ................................. 1600495

Conduction Electrohydrodynamics with Mobile Electrodes: A Novel Actuation System for Untethered Robots

A facile hydrogenation-induced self-assembly strategy to synthesize lithium hydride (LiH) nanosheets with a thickness of 2 nm that are uniformly distributed on graphene is reported and designed. Taking advantage of LiH nanosheets with high reactivity and a homogeneous distribution on graphene support as a nanoreactor, the confined chem-ical synthesis of oxygen-free lithiated composites is effectively and efficiently realized.

Hydrogen Storage

G. L. Xia, Y. B. Tan, X. W. Chen, F. Fang, D. L. Sun, X. G. Li, Z. P. Guo,* X. B. Yu* ............... 1600257

Oxygen-free Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Lithiated Composites on Graphene for Advanced Hydrogen Storage

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(3 of 8) 1770045© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimAdv. Sci. 2017, 4, 1770045 www.advancedscience.com

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Charge transfer in MoS2/WS2 bilayers can be significantly modulated from 100 fs to 1 ps timescale by slight change of interlayer geometry. First principle quantum dynamics simulations reveal that the transfer rate in MoS2/WS2 bi-layers is governed by the electronic cou-pling between specific interlayer states and follows a universal dependence on the state-coupling strength.

J. Zhang, H. Hong, C. Lian, W. Ma, X. Xu, X. Zhou, H. Fu, K. Liu,* S. Meng* .....................................1700086

Interlayer-State-Coupling Dependent Ultrafast Charge Transfer in MoS2/WS2 Bilayers

CommuniCationSCharge Transfer

In situ X-ray powder diffraction is used to follow a mechanochemical synthe-sis using a new data processing strat-egy. Current techniques can monitor processes in the centre of the milling jar, but give little insight into transfor-mations that occur at the ends of the milling jars, where mechanical impact is greatest. The two regions may not al-ways yield the same result.

A. A. L. Michalchuk,* I. A. Tumanov, S. Konar, S. A. J. Kimber, C. R. Pulham,* E. V. Boldyreva* ..........................1700132

Challenges of Mechanochemistry: Is In Situ Real-Time Quantitative Phase Analysis Always Reliable? A Case Study of Organic Salt Formation

Mechanochemistry

High-quality monolayer graphene/h-BN in-plane heterostructure is synthesized on ra-tionally designed catalytic Cu85Ni15 substrate via chemical vapor deposition method. Graphene is found to nucleate only at the corners of the as-deposited triangular h-BN grains and it follows the lattice orientation of h-BN. The heterostructure offers a unique material platform for fundamental research and device applications.

G. Lu, T. Wu, P. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Jin, W. Chen, S. Jia, H. Wang, G. Zhang, J. Sun, P. M. Ajayan, J. Lou,* X. Xie,* M. Jiang .......................................1700076

Synthesis of High-Quality Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride Monolayer In-Plane Heterostructure on Cu–Ni Alloy

Photodetectors

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A new method is developed to directly spinning perfectly uniaxial fibers in an ul-trafast manner. Besides, this method can tune the fibers’ diameter through adjust-ing processing parameters such as the feeding rate of precursors. Uniaxial nylon 66 fibers prepared via this method show superior mechanical properties due to the alignment in each level of the structure.

CommuniCation

Draw-Spinning

S. Liao, X. Bai, J. Song, Q. Zhang, J. Ren, Y. Zhao, H. Wu* ........... 1600480

Draw-Spinning of Kilometer-Long and Highly Stretchable Polymer Submicrometer Fibers

Frequency coding metamaterial is in-troduced to achieve different controls of electromagnetic radiations under the fixed spatial coding pattern in the opera-tional frequency band. It provides another degree of freedom to construct meta-materials and opens new possibilities to manipulate electromagnetic waves at dif-ferent frequencies.

Full PaPeRS

Metamaterials

H. Wu, S. Liu, X. Wan, L. Zhang, D. Wang, L. Li, T. J. Cui* .......... 1700098

Controlling Energy Radiations of Electromagnetic Waves via Frequency Coding Metamaterials

Poly(acrylic acid) based hydrogels can convert the chemical potential of salt gradients into mechanical forces. Poly-electrolyte hydrogels swell to a much lower extend in salt water than in fresh water. This feature is used for the cyclical movement of a piston in an osmotic mo-tor. Chemical parameters of the network structure are varied to get higher energy production.

Osmotic Engine

L. Arens, F. Weißenfeld, C. O. Klein, K. Schlag, M. Wilhelm* ............ 1700112

Osmotic Engine: Translating Osmotic Pressure into Macroscopic Mechanical Force via Poly(Acrylic Acid) Based Hydrogels

The Achilles heel of natural silk fibroin-based resists is the wide molecular weight distribution which hinders their applications. To solve this issue, the light chain is isolated from the silk fibroin and subsequently conjugated by photo-crosslinkers to synthesize the photoreactive bioresist. A wafer-scale patterning of bio-microstructures with high resolution, enhanced etching resist-ance, and the inherent biocompatibility is achieved using such precise protein photolithography.

Biopatterning

W. Liu, Z. Zhou, S. Zhang, Z. Shi, J. Tabarini, W. Lee, Y. Zhang, S. N. Gilbert Corder, X. Li, F. Dong, L. Cheng, M. K. Liu, D. L. Kaplan, F. G. Omenetto, G. Zhang,* Y. Mao,* T. H. Tao* .................. 1700191

Precise Protein Photolithography (P3): High Performance Biopatterning Using Silk Fibroin Light Chain as the Resist

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A biophysical model is developed to describe the 3D motion and the chemo-taxis of a type of widely studied biohy-brid microswimmer, where spherical microbeads are propelled by multiple at-tached bacteria. The model is validated by comparing the model simulation with experimental 3D swimming trajec-tories, major motility characteristics, and chemotactic behavior of fabricated microswimmers.

J. Zhuang, B.-W. Park, M. Sitti* .......................................1700109

Propulsion and Chemotaxis in Bacteria-Driven Microswimmers

Full PaPeRSMicroswimmers

Changing bond lengths and bond strengths in quaternary chalcopyrites affects the bond overlap and band gaps. The Ge–chalcogen and Cu–chalogen bonds form the conduction and valence bands in quaternary chalcopyrites, respectively. Changing the anion con-tent alters the bonding interaction and with it the band edges and band gaps.

A. Miglio, C. P. Heinrich, W. Tremel, G. Hautier,* W. G. Zeier* ...........1700080

Local Bonding Influence on the Band Edge and Band Gap Formation in Quaternary Chalcopyrites

Band Engineering

Di- and triphenylalanine self-assembled structures demonstrate a strong linear electro-optic effect when viewed under a unique electro-optic microscope. Their electro-optic coefficients are found and traced back to their structural origin. Their porous structure allows for the introduction of guest molecules for the creation of new functional electro-optic materials for biomedical imaging, sensing, and optical manipulation.

B. Gilboa,* C. Lafargue, A. Handelman, L. J. W. Shimon, G. Rosenman, J. Zyss, T. Ellenbogen* ................1700052

Strong Electro-Optic Effect and Spontaneous Domain Formation in Self-Assembled Peptide Structures

Self Assembly

An ultrathin wide bandgap dielectric MgO nanolayer is incorporated between anode and SnO2 electron transfer layer to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells, realizing enhanced electron transporting and hole blocking pro-perties. With the use of this electrode modifier, a power conversion efficiency of 18.23% is demonstrated, an 11% incre-ment compared with that without MgO modifier.

J. Ma, G. Yang, M. Qin, X. Zheng, H. Lei, C. Chen, Z. Chen, Y. Guo, H. Han, X. Zhao, G. Fang* .........1700031

MgO Nanoparticle Modified Anode for Highly Efficient SnO2-Based Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite Solar Cells

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Ultrasmall conjugated polymer nano-particles (CPNs) with size around 6 nm (CPN6) and far-red/near-infrared emis-sion are synthesized. Benefiting from the polyethylene glycol shells and small particle size, they show enhanced fluores-cence, largely suppressed nonspecific cel-lular uptake, and fast body clearance. The cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid deco-rated CPN6 thereafter shows high speci-ficity in targeted imaging toward integrin overexpressed cancer cells.

Full PaPeRS

Cancer Targeting

G. Feng, J. Liu, R. Liu, D. Mao, N. Tomczak, B. Liu* ................. 1600407

Ultrasmall Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles with High Specificity for Targeted Cancer Cell Imaging

The process of viral entry is probed by combining force tracing technique and single particle simulation. The values of force, duration, and velocity for mem-brane wrapping of single HEV71 are suc-cessfully measured. The mechanism of membrane wrapping of virus is clearly revealed.

Virus Invagination

Y. Pan, F. Zhang, L. Zhang, S. Liu, M. Cai, Y. Shan,* X. Wang,* H. Wang,* H. Wang* .................................. 1600489

The Process of Wrapping Virus Revealed by a Force Tracing Technique and Simulations

Cation ordering within single atomic layer in potassium tungsten bronze nanosheets is observed at atomic resolution, which is recovered at higher temperature. Band regions of different orientation from the matrix tend to regulate the superstruc-tures to form highly ordered domains. Tailoring cation ordering and recovery of nanostructures enables rational design of optoelectronic devices with controlled physical properties.

Nanosheets

L. Li,* F. Jiang, F. Tu, S. F. Jia, Y. Gao, J. Wang* ....................... 1600537

Atomic-Scale Study of Cation Ordering in Potassium Tungsten Bronze Nanosheets

A high-mobility p-type organic semi-conductor is used as the interlayer at the interface of perovskite/2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N′-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene in perovskite solar cells, which exhibit higher efficiency and better stability than the control devices without the interlayer.

Solar Cells

M. Zhang, J. Wang, L. Li, G. Zheng, K. Liu, M. Qin, H. Zhou,* X. Zhan* ................................... 1700025

High-Mobility p-Type Organic Semiconducting Interlayer Enhancing Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

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Massive ultrafine Pt nanoparticles are embedded on the surface of ceria and achieve high thermal stability against sintering. Compared to conventional loading approaches, in situ electron microscopy reveals that migration and coalescence are significantly suppressed in the embedded structure.

J. S. Du, T. Bian, J. Yu, Y. Jiang, X. Wang, Y. Yan, Y. Jiang, C. Jin,* H. Zhang,* D. Yang ........................................1700056

Embedding Ultrafine and High-Content Pt Nanoparticles at Ceria Surface for Enhanced Thermal Stability

Full PaPeRSThermal Stability

Through controlled annealing combined with electrospinning, Li3V2(PO4)3/car-bon nanofiber composed of carbon nanofiber and nanosized protruded Li3V2(PO4)3 particles is successfully synthesized. It is demonstrated that Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon nanofiber with this distinctive microstructure can deliver excellent electrochemical properties by enabling fast electron pathway along its carbon nanofiber network, and the improved lithium ion diffusivity through the direct contact between Li3V2(PO4)3 particles and electrolyte.

J. Shin, J. Yang, C. Sergey, M.-S. Song, Y.-M. Kang* .................................1700128

Carbon Nanofibers Heavy Laden with Li3V2(PO4)3 Particles Featuring Superb Kinetics for High-Power Lithium Ion Battery

Energy Storage

By applying high pressure and tempera-ture, three new stable oxygen-rich lith-ium oxide Li2O3, LiO2, and LiO4 phases are synthesized, which are confirmed with density functional theory calcula-tion. The redox procedures among O2 and variety of lithium oxides within a closed chamber discovered at 48 GPa show great potential in improving bat-tery design and performance in large battery applications under extreme conditions.

W. Yang,* D. Y. Kim,* L. Yang, N. Li, L. Tang, K. Amine, H.-K. Mao ....................................1600453

Oxygen-Rich Lithium Oxide Phases Formed at High Pressure for Potential Lithium–Air Battery Electrode

Lithium-Air Batteries

In this work, a scalable production of flex-ible antireflection (AR) films is proposed with microsized structures by a roll- to-roll imprinting process. The AR films delivered broadband suppression of light reflectance together with a 5.5% energy generation enhancement. The AR film shows attractive application prospects with much enhanced me-chanical strength and can be easily uti-lized on many commercial solar panels.

M. Wang, P. Ma, M. Yin,* L. Lu, Y. Lin, X. Chen, W. Jia, X. Cao, P. Chang, D. Li* ...........................................1700079

Scalable Production of Mechanically Robust Antireflection Film for Omnidirectional Enhanced Flexible Thin Film Solar Cells

Photovoltaics

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A nonacyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, 9,19-dihydrodinaphtho[3,2,1-de:3′,2′,1′-op] pentacene, tethered with four 4-hexyl-phenyl solubilizing groups, is reported. The chromophore 9,9,19,19-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-9,19-dihydrodinaphtho[3,2,1-de:3′,2′,1′-op]pentacene is further functionalized with diarylamines and 4-(7-ethynylbenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)-benzoic acid to produce two donor– acceptor organic photosensitizers, achiev-ing good power conversion efficiencies up to 10.2% in dye-sensitized solar cells.

Full PaPeR

Photovoltaics

Y. Ren, J. Liu, A. Zheng, X. Dong, P. Wang* ................................... 1700099

2H-Dinaphthopentacene: A Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Core for Metal-Free Organic Sensitizers in Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Switchable singlet-triplet emission induced by helical self-assembly in a unimole cular platform is developed. The operation of hexathiobenzene-based luminescent system both in solution and the solid state by taking advantage of chiral self-assembly can efficiently tune the switching between phosphorescence and fluorescence.

ReSeaRCH newS

Mechanoluminescence

G. F. Liu, Y. L. Zhao* ................ 1700021

Switching between Phosphorescence and Fluorescence Controlled by Chiral Self-Assembly

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Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, 2017, No. 34 …download.xuebalib.com/xuebalib.com.45037.pdf ·...

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