ADVANCED LIGHTING DESIGN

ADVANCED LIGHTING DESIGN

SEPTEMBER 18TH AND 21ST, 2012

• What am I trying to do?

• How am I going to do it?

• What lamp (or light source) will do what I need it to do?

• What fixture will accept that light source?

LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS



• Energy Efficient Lighting should never “look” energy efficient

• Do our determining factors change just because we are using energy efficient fixtures?

• Draw comparisons to energy efficient appliances...are you giving anything up? Are you losing expected qualities in order to achieve energy efficient standards?

ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING



• What are the most important “determining factors”?

• Color temperature, Color Rendering, Glare Control, Dimming, Effect on People

• Use the same critical process in selecting energy efficient lighting that you would use for “normal” lighting.

ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING



• Good for intense, directional

lighting such as highlighting

• Instant “on” to full intensity

• Full range dimming

• No mercury

• Very high initial cost

• Emerging technology with potential

to be obsolete quickly in favor of

advanced product

• Good for wide-spread, softer

illumination

• Not instant “on” to full intensity

• Not true full range dimming

• Mercury disposal issues

• Affordable initial cost

• Established technology that has

improved greatly

LED CFL

LED TECHNOLOGY



• EXACT COLOR TEMPERATURE LISTING

• COMPATIBILITY OF DIMMERS WITH DRIVER (MLV, ELV, 0-10 VOLT)

• ABILITY TO DISSIPATE HEAT

• ABILITY TO CONTROL GLARE

• RELIABILITY OF MANUFACTURER

• REMOTE PHOSPHOR vs. MULTIPLE ARRAY

• SUSTAINABILITY / ABILITY TO UPGRADE COMPONENTS

• LIFE OF LED (LM-70) / LIFE OF DRIVER???

• LENGTH OF WARRANTY...(FIXTURE, FIXTURE + LABOR)

• ACCURATE COMPARISON TO NON-LED LIGHT SOURCE

WHAT TO LOOK FOR

LED TECHNOLOGY



Lumen OutputEfficacy

Color Rendering

Color Temperature

D.O.E. LIGHTING FACTS LABEL

www.ssl.energy.gov/



http://www.ssl.energy.gov/

New Construction• Color Temperature• Color Rendering• Quantity of Light• Cutoff / Glare Control• Energy Efficiency• Initial Cost• Effect on People

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

Retrofit• Compatibility with

existing fixtures• Color Temperature• Color Rendering• Quantity of Light• Cutoff / Glare Control• Energy Efficiency• Initial Cost• Effect on People



Color Temperature

The color temperature is a specification of the color appearance of a light source, relating to the color of a reference source heated to a particular temperature, measured by the thermal unit Kelvin. The measurement can also be described as the “warmth” or coolness” of a light source.The outward appearance of the color of a light source (i.e. warm or cool).

Glossary definitions as defined by Architectural Lighting Magazine 2008.

LIGHTING TERMINOLOGY



INC

AN

DESC

EN

T

3000K

FLU

OR

ESC

EN

T

3500K

FLU

OR

ESC

EN

T

4100K

FLU

OR

ESC

EN

T

4200K

CO

OL

WH

ITE

NO

ON

DA

YLI

GH

T

LOW

VO

LTA

GE H

ALO

GEN

27

00K

30

00K

28

50K

35

00K

41

00K

42

00K

60

00K

CORRELATED COLOR TEMPERATURE (CCT)



Color Rendering

A scale of the effect of a light source on the color appearance of an object compared to its color appearance under a reference light source. Expressed on a scale of 1 to 100, where 100 indicates no color shift. A low CRI rating suggests that the colors of objects will appear unnatural under that particular light source.

The ability of a light source to render colors in comparison to other light sources of a similar color temperature.

Glossary definitions as defined by Architectural Lighting Magazine 2008.

LIGHTING TERMINOLOGY



SPECTRAL POWER DISTRIBUTION




ADVANCED LIGHTING DESIGNADVANCED LIGHTING DESIGN

45 deg. cut-off angle Not 45 deg. cut-off angle

UNDERSTANDING CUT-OFF



COMPARING CFL TO LED

Fixture #1: 6” aperture 32 watt CFL Recessed Downlight

http://www.junolightinggroup.com/Attachments/images/content/SpecSheets/J1.1.24_C6H%20Downlight%20Triple.pdf

Fixture #2: 6” aperture 21 watt LED Recessed Downlight

http://www.junolightinggroup.com/attachments/images/content/specsheets/L6-L600H.pdf

Fixture #3: 6” aperture 21 watt LED Recessed Downlight

http://www.junolightinggroup.com/attachments/images/content/specsheets/L6-L600P.pdf









COMPARING CFL TO LED

Fixture #1: 6” 32w CFL

•59.6% fixture efficiency•1.37 spacing criteria•43 fc at 6’ x 6’ spacing•18,000 hour lamp life•lower initial cost

Fixture #2: 6” 21w LED

•64lm p/watt fixture efficiency•0.86 spacing criteria•44 fc at 6’ x 6’ spacing•LM70 at 50,000 hours•higher initial cost

Fixture #3: 6” 21w LED

•44lm p/watt fixture efficiency•0.92 spacing criteria•38 fc at 6’ x 6’ spacing•LM70 at 50,000 hours•higher initial cost

CASE STUDY #1 - WOMENS’ CLOTHING STORE (retrofit)






Existing Lighting:• Track lighting with 50 watt halogen PAR30/HIR/NFL25 lamps (qty

70)• Track lighting with (2) 24 watt CFL wall wash heads

•Linear fluorescent wall grazing in alcovesProblems:

• Overall wattage consumption of halogen track heads (3500 watts)•Heat from halogen lamps and impact on HVAC system•Relatively low lamp life (5000 hours)




Most Important Criteria:•Reduce overall wattage consumption•Reduce heat output and impact on HVAC system•Reduce fixture maintenance by increasing lamp life•No negative impact on color output of lighting•No reduction in the quantity of light at product displays



Retrofit LED Lamp Option #1

INVERSE SQUARE LAW

FOOTCANDLES = CBCP / DISTANCE SQUARED

50PAR30/HIR/NFL25

2810 CCT100 CRI**

620 Lumens3200 CBCP8’ Distance

50 Footcandles

50 Watts



LR30/25/27K/800

2700 CCT85 CRI


63 Footcandles

13 Watts

DFN/30SN/W27/NFL

2700 CCT85 CRI


47 Footcandles

13 Watts




Change to LED PAR30:•Immediate reduction in wattage consumption•Immediate reduction in heat output•50,000 hour lamp life is 10 times existing lamps•20% increase in light output

5013

702592.59

2.59106

528081

8081

.10

808

2800

8083.47

37

CASE STUDY #2 - SHOE SHOWROOM (new construction)



Most Important Criteria:•Meet or exceed local energy codes (1 watt sq. ft) for ambient lighting•Meet or exceed local energy codes (allowance) for “retail” lighting•Excellent color temperature and color rendition•Low fixture maintenance•Clean, architectural appearance that complements architectural environment•Highlight products in a better way than typical track lighting




“Typical” track lighting approach advantages:•inexpensive initial fixture cost•provides ultimate flexibility for changing displays•end-user familiarity

“Typical” track lighting approach disadvantages:•requires many heads to achieve a “wash” of light•requires end user to constantly pay attention to proper aiming of lights•does not support “clean” and architectural appearance to showroom




Lighting Fixture Types:•Linear T5HO (3500K) cantilevered asymmetric wall washers (13.5 watts per linear foot)•Architectural indirect pendant system with integrated adjustable accent lighting for highlights•Indirect component is linear T5 (standard output) fluorescent (3500K)...provides average of 20fc at .9 watts/sq. ft•Direct adjustable component is 10 watt LEDMR16/NFL25 to replace 50 watt halogen MR16 lamps•Reception areas use 20 watt dedicated LED recessed wall washers

CASE STUDY #3 - HOUSE OF WORSHIP (retrofit)






Existing Lighting:• Track lighting with 75 watt halogen PAR30/HIR/NFL25 lamps (qty

100)• Pendants with (4) 39 watt BIAX CFL lamps

•Indirect / direct wall sconces with 50 watt halogen PAR20/HAL/FL35 lampsProblems:

• Overall wattage consumption of halogen track heads (7500 watts)•Heat from halogen lamps and impact on HVAC system•Relatively low lamp life (5000 hours)...maintenance is an issue due to ceiling heights




Most Important Criteria:•Reduce overall wattage consumption•Reduce heat output and impact on HVAC system•Reduce fixture maintenance by increasing lamp life•No negative impact on color output of lighting•No reduction in the quantity of light at pews•Fixtures must be able to dim smoothly, especially at lower levels

INVERSE SQUARE LAW


75PAR30/HIR/NFL25

2810 CCT100 CRI**

714 Lumens3800 CBCP

14’ Distance

20 Footcandles

75 Watts



LR30/25/27K/1000

2700 CCT85 CRI

800 Lumens5100 CBCP

14’ Distance

26 Footcandles

16 Watts

DFN/30SN/W27/NFL

2700 CCT85 CRI

725 Lumens3014 CBCP

14’ Distance

15 Footcandles

13 Watts



Change to LED PAR30:•Immediate reduction in wattage consumption•Immediate reduction in heat output•50,000 hour lamp life is 10 times existing lamps•greatly reduced maintenance is biggest advantage•28% increase in light output

7513

10062006.2

6.227

524514

4514

.10

451

5000

45111.0

62


CASE STUDY #4 - Office (new construction)



Fixture 13500 CCT80+ CRI

3363 LumensL70 at 50,000 hours

46 WattsSpacing Criteria ???

Fixture 23500 CCT80+ CRI

5220 LumensL70 at 50,000 hours

72 WattsSpacing Criteria 1.2 /

1.8

Fixture 33500 CCT

82 CRI3617 Lumens

L70 at 50,000 hours36 Watts

Spacing Criteria ???




Fixture 1Average:Maximum:Minimum:Max/Min:Avg/Min:

40.5fc57.8fc183.2:12.3:1





53.8fc71.8fc272.7:12.0:1





42.5fc57.3fc21.32.7:12.0:1

CASE STUDY #4 - RESTAURANT (retrofit)






Existing Lighting:• Recessed lights with 50 watt halogen MR16 lamps (qty 25)• Chandelier with (12) 40 watt A-lamps

•Mini Pendants with 60 watt A-lamps (qty 5)•Wall Sconces with 50 watt halogen MR16 lamps (qty 15)

Problems:• Constant maintenance of lamp replacement

•Heat from halogen lamps and impact on wine bottles•Relatively low lamp life (2500 hours)...




Most Important Criteria:•Reduce overall wattage consumption•Reduce heat output and impact on HVAC system•Reduce fixture maintenance by increasing lamp life•NO NEGATIVE IMPACT ON COLOR OUTPUT!•No reduction in the quantity of light tables•Fixtures must be able to dim smoothly, especially at lower levels

INVERSE SQUARE LAW


50MR16CFL40

2810 CCT100 CRI**

??? Lumens1700 CBCP7’ Distance

34 Footcandles

50 Watts



LMR16/25/27K/500

2700 CCT85 CRI


52 Footcandles

10 Watts

DFN/16/W27/V2/FL

2700 CCT83 CRI

7475 Lumens950 CBCP

7’ Distance

20 Footcandles

8 Watts


illumination

• Instant “on” to full intensity

• Step level dimming is common

• Can be used with a variety of

sensors

• Moderate initial cost

• Great for vibration sensitive areas

• Rated for 100,000 hours


illumination

• Can also be used as a directional

source

• Not instant “on” to full intensity

• Can be used with step level

dimming

• Moderate initial cost

• Established technology that has

improved greatly...CMH

INDUCTION METAL HALIDE

INDUCTION TECHNOLOGY



• Good for wide-spread applications...typically not good as point source

• Industrial applications...warehouses, docks, bridges, etc.

• Excellent replacement for metal halide high bays...instant on, lamp life,

color stability

• Good replacement for parking structure interior lighting

• Good replacement for natatoriums

• Good replacement for decorative street lighting




• Photopic Vision (daytime / daylight vision) = design lumens

• Photopic vision is registered by the cones in your eyes

• Scotopic Vision (interior / nighttime vision) = pupil lumens

• Scotopic vision is registered by the rods in your eyes

NOTES ON VISION and PUPIL LUMENS



CASE STUDY #5 - EXTERIOR FACADE ILLUMINATION (new)



ADVANCED LIGHTING DESIGN

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