Advanced EFSA Learning Programme Session 1.2. WFP Conceptual Framework: Food and Nutrition Security.
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Transcript of Advanced EFSA Learning Programme Session 1.2. WFP Conceptual Framework: Food and Nutrition Security.
Advanced EFSA Learning Programme
Session 1.2.
WFP Conceptual Framework: Food and Nutrition Security
Advanced EFSA Learning Programme2
Learning objectives
After this session, participants should be able to :
1. Describe key concepts of WFP Conceptual Framework of Food and Nutrition Security
2. Adapt and apply the Conceptual Framework to identify key factors that affect food security and nutrition in a given context
Advanced EFSA Learning Programme
Where are we?
3
EFSA Process
Adapt conceptual framework & objectives
Prepare analysis plan: indicators, data, sources
Collect, review secondary data
Collect primary data
Conduct situation analysis
Conduct forecast analysis
Analyse response options
Make response recommendations
Prepare report
Advanced EFSA Learning Programme4
Conceptual Framework Informs selection of indicators for analysis
& use in targeting
Guides design of data collection & analysis
Considers food availability, access & utilisation as core determinants of FS
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Conceptual Framework
Provides:
basis for developing initial hypotheses on emergency
way to visualise relationships among factors affecting F&NS
Advanced EFSA Learning Programme6
Main objectives of an EFSA
To determine risks for the population… life-threatening risks, e.g., malnutrition,
disease
risks to livelihoods, e.g., loss of assets that endanger present , future livelihoods
… and what to do about them
Advanced EFSA Learning Programme7
Specific objectives of EFSA
To identify:
who is food insecure and/or malnourished, and how severe is food insecurity: whose lives or livelihoods are at risk
main causes of food insecurity & malnutrition including chronic/transitory issues
need for, and type of, interventions to address food insecurity and malnutrition to save lives & protect/strengthen livelihoods
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WFP Food and Nutrition Security Conceptual Framework: Key concepts
Livelihoods Food security Nutrition security
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1 - Livelihoods
Livelihood Assets
PoliciesInstitutions
& Processes
LivelihoodsStrategies
Vulnerability Context
• Shocks• Trends• Seasonality
Vulnerability Context
• Shocks• Trends• Seasonality
H
N
FP
S
H
N
FP
S
LivelihoodOutcomes
• More income
• Increased well-being
• Reduced vulnerability
• Improved food & nutrition security
• Sustainable use of Natural Resources
to achieve
H = Human capitalN = Natural capitalF = Financial capitalP = Physical capitalS = Social capital
Influence & access
livelihoods approach examines:
• impact of shock on human, financial, social, physical, & natural, assets
• impact of policies, institutions, other processes
• strategies the affected are using to survive
… tries to determine likely outcomes for the affected: changes in vulnerability, food / nutrition security status, etc.
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Example of household livelihood analysis
Livelihood strategies
HH use strong social assets to get loans
rent land; buy tools & agric. inputs
HH use human assets to farm & to offset low financial, natural assets
Policy, Institutions, Processes
• fertilizer subsidy available
•strong agricultural extension service
•strong trust between community leader & HH head
HH asset profile
H: healthy members of working age; good agricultural skills
S: well connected in community
F: little cash P: few productive
assets N: no land
Vulnerabilitycontext
• increasingly dry and arid conditions
• low rainfall
• Increasing soil erosion
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How are livelihoods affected?
Resilience
Vulnerability Extent to which households can withstand shock
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2 - Food security
AvailabilityAccessUtilisation
…when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs, and food preferences for an active and healthy life…
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3 - Nutrition security
Food securityHealth Caring practices
Acute malnutrition: clear sign of risk to life
Chronic malnutrition: long-term problems related to food, health and care
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Poor wat/san & inadequate health
services
Child malnutrition,death and disability
Inadequatematernal & child-care practices
Insufficient accessto food
Quantity & quality of actualresources - human, economic,
organizational - and theway they are controlled
Potential resources: environment, technology,
people
Inadequate dietary intake
Disease
Basic causes atsocietal level
Outcomes
Immediate causes
Underlying causes at household/ family
level
Poor wat/san & inadequate health
services
Child malnutrition,death and disability
Inadequatematernal & child-care practices
Insufficient accessto food
Quantity & quality of actualresources - human, economic,
organizational - and theway they are controlled
Potential resources: environment, technology,
people
Inadequate dietary intake
Disease
Basic causes atsocietal level
Outcomes
Immediate causes
Underlying causes at household/ family
level
UNICEF Conceptual Framework of malnutrition
Outcomes
Immediate causes
Underlying causes at household
level
Basic causes at societal
level
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WFP Conceptual Framework of Food and Nutrition Security
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Conceptual Framework: levels of analysis (1)
Basic causes:
structural factors that establish the context in which malnutrition and food insecurity exist
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Underlying causes:
characteristics of individual households that make them more, or less, susceptible to malnutrition and food insecurity
Conceptual Framework: levels of analysis (2)
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Conceptual Framework: levels of analysis (3)
Immediate causes:
factors that can lead directly to malnutrition and death
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Conceptual Framework: levels of analysis (4)
Outcomes:
malnutrition and excess mortality arising from failure to resolve problems at other levels
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Adapting the Conceptual Framework
Why?The relative significance of each framework element depends on region & country, nature of crisis, & affected groups
Adapting it to local context allows formulation of initial hypotheses on probable local effects of crisis
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Review secondary info & discussions with key informants
Identify factors most likely to affect FS&N in current context
Identify possible linkages among factors affecting food & nutrition security
Adapting the Framework: How?
initial hypotheses
definition of information requirements & selection of assessment methodology
guide
form basis for
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Exercise 1.1.Adapt the Conceptual Framework
Use Worksheet for each Working Group
45 min + 60 min debriefing
Advanced EFSA Learning Programme
Wrap-upThe Framework:
Provides basis for development of initial emergency hypotheses, causes & effects
Helps to visualize relationships between factors affecting food & nutrition security
Guides data collection & analysis
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