Advanced Earth Science Introduction to

Topographic Maps: Lesson and Partner- Activity

(From Unit 1: “Mapping the Earth”)

Topographic Maps: Objectives:

• Explain how a topographic map uses contour lines to show elevation changes and landforms.

• Activity: Design a topographic map based on a student-made landform (hill, mountain or volcano).

Contour Map

“Real World”

Topographic Maps• Contour Line –

- line on a map that connects points of EQUAL elevation.- show elevation and shape of the land

• Relief – Difference between high and low elevations

Topographic Maps

• Contour Interval –difference in

elevation between each line. MUST be equal spacing.

Contour interval = 20 feet

520

540560

580

Topographic Maps

• Index Contour – Usually every 5th line is printed darker and has

an elevation printed on it.

Rules for Contours

1. Contour lines never cross

Rules for Contours

2. Contours form closed loops (even if not shown of the map.

Closely-Spaced Contours• Steeper Slope (Gradient) – contour lines are

closer together.

Widely-Spaced Contours

• Gradual/Gentle Slope (Gradient) – contour lines are farther apart.

A

B

Today’s Activity:

• You are going to work with 1-2 partners to make your own contour map! Pick 1-2 partners now! (1 minute)

The Basics: • You will create a mountain, volcano, or a

hill, break it into parts, then map it!

• Step 1: Make your landform!

Mount Goodwin

Step 2: • Mark the peak with a dot• Make two intersecting lines (at right angles to

give a reference, makes 4 quadrants)

Step 3: • Mark 3 rings into your mountain with your toothpick

to make 3 different elevation markers– First line, ¼ of way down– Second line, ½ of way down– Third line, ¾ of way down

Step 4:

• “Cut out” each layer of the mountain using your dental floss.

• Trace each section of the mountain on your piece of paper, starting with the base

• Be careful to position the upper layers correctly in relationship to the base

Step 5: • Assume base layer of mountain is at sea level (0 feet)• Label the “base” contour line as 0 feet, then label the

other contour lines using an elevation rate of 500 feet per line

• Color each layer a different color (do not use blue- that is used for water) and then make a key on the side or bottom of the map

• Key must include: 1. Date when map was made2. Orientation: direction (north arrow or compass rose)3. Scale: map distance4. Title: What and where5. Author (who made map)

Finishing the lesson:

• If time, we will present our maps in class

• Complete the “Exit Pass Form” with your partner(s) to show what you’ve learned today