Advanced Accountancy 29 Sept

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ACCOUNTING, LAW & ECONOMICS

Dr. T.K. Jain.

AFTERSCHO☺OLCentre for social entrepreneurship

Bikaner M: [email protected]

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A cheque for Rs. 500 received from Yuvraj & C was dishonoured and debited to Discount Account.

Due to rectification of this error, net profit will:

• (a) Decrease by Rs. 1,000• (b) Increase by Rs. 500• (c) Increase by Rs. 1,000• (d) No change• Solution• (b)


Sale to Mr. Z of Rs.3 000 on credit was recorded twice in the salesbook. The rectification entry is:

• (a) Mr. Z will be credited• (b) Mr. Z will be debited• (c) Sales account will be credited• (d) None• Solution• (a) along with debiting the sales account.


Find the mean of the following observations

X=2, 5 7, 8, 13

• Mean = (2+ 5+ 7+ 8+ 13)/5= 7


What will happen if the mean of the transformed series become 10

• Standard deviation will remain the same as earlier, but the mean will change to 10.

• Ans.


By changing the value, we see that std. dev. Remains unchanged

5 -5 258 -2 4

10 0 011 1 116 6 3610 13.2

3.63318

2 -5 255 -2 47 0 08 1 1

13 6 367 13.2

3.63318


In the given question, if the mean of the transformed series becomes 14

and the standarddeviation becomes double the standard deviation of the given

series,what will happen? .


Solution

• As you can see, we have multiplied each value by 2. thus we have obtained doubled the standard deviation.

• The mean has now become 14. ans.

2 4 -10 100

5 10 -4 16

7 14 0 0

8 16 2 4

13 26 12 144

7 14 52.8

7.26636


Total income 30,000, total direct expenses Rs 10,000, Miscellaneous income

Rs 5,000 the gross profit will be

• (30000 – 10000 – 5000)• Gross profit = 15000• Miscellaneous income will be taken up in

P & L account.


The Company made Purchase of Rs. 3,40,000 on credit. DuringMarch, the company paid Rs.

3,50,000 to suppliers. The goods are sold at 25% above cost. The

Sales for the month of March were

• Opening stock = 1.8 lakhs and closing stock = 1 lakh find the sales.


Solution – statement of goods

• Op. stock 180000• Purchase 340000

• Sale : 420000

• Closing stock 100000


Solution

• Cost of sales : 420000• Add margin: 25% = 105000• Thus sale price = 525000


Solve it

• Opening Stock 40,000• Closing Stock 50,000• Purchases 5,50,000• Return outward 5,000• Return inward 20,000• Carriage inward 5,000• If gross profit is 20% of sales, the gross

sales will be:


Solution • Purchase 550000 – 5000 = 545000• Add opening stock = 40000• Less closing stock = 50000 • Total = 535000• Add carriage inward = 5000• Total = 540000 • Add gross profit : 20% of sales or 25% of cost :

135000• Net sales = 675000 gross sales =

(675000+20000) = 695000 answer.


• Goti sells goods at 1/3rd above cost. His sales were Rs. 10,20,000( during the year. However, he sold damaged goods for Rs. 20,000 costing Rs. 30,000. This sale is included in Rs. 10,20,000. The amount of gross profit is:


Question…• A Ltd. issued 10,000 12% Debentures of Rs. 10 each

at par which are redeemable at the end of each year in equal lots in 5 years at a premium of 30%. The amount of loss on redemption of debentures to be written off in fourth and fifth year will be

• Solution• The debentures to be written off : 2000 each year,

thus loss to be written off :• 30000*2/15 = 4000 and 30000 * 1/15 = 2000. • Sum of the years : 15 for last year : 1/15 for second

last year : 2/15• Total loss : 3*10000 = 30000. ans.


Solution

• Let us take 25% of 10,00,000 = 2,50,000 – abnormal loss 10000 = 240000 answer.


An asset has a useful life of 4 years. If it is depreciated by

diminishing balance method Its book value at the end of 4 years is 24% of its original cost, what is the

rate of depreciation applied• Let us assume the value to be 100. Value

at the end of 4 years: 100 *(100-X)/100 *(100-X)/100*(100-X)/100*(100-x)/100 = 24/100


Solution

• When we multiply .7^4 (four times) we get .24. Thus the rate is 30% answer.

www.afterschoool.tk Chapter 2.1 21

Economic Models and Theories

• Models and Theories– are frameworks based on simplifying

assumptions– help to organize our economic thinking


DATA

• Data are pieces of evidence about behaviour– They help us quantify theoretical

relationships– They help us test our models or our beliefs

• Types of data– Time-series data– Cross-section data– Longitudinal data

Examples…Examples…


Time-Series Data

Date Price of 200 Cigarettes ($)

Cigarette Price Index

CPI Cigarette Real Price Index

Mar/00 35.39 100 100 100.0Jun 34.40 97.2 100.9 96.3Sep 36.28 102.5 101.8 100.7Dec 36.59 103.4 102.5 100.8… … … … …Mar/03 62.69 177.2 109.0 162.5Jun 64.47 182.2 108.9 167.3Sep 64.63 182.6 109.3 167.0Dec 69.64 196.8 109.4 179.8

Table 2.1 Cigarette Prices and Price Indexes


Cross-Sectional Data

Canada U.S. Japan Germany France U.K. Ireland

2002 7.7 5.8 5.4 8.2 8.9 5.1 4.3

2003 7.6 6.0 5.3 9.1 9.5 4.9 4.6

2004 7.2 5.5 4.7 9.5 9.6 4.7 4.5

Table 2.2 Unemployment by Country (%)


Index Number

• Choose reference point– Set the price value equal to 100– Table 2.1, use March 2000 as base year

Base year index value= $35.39 x (100/$35.39) = 100Index value in March 2003= $62.69 x (100/$35.39) = 177.2Percentage change Mar/00 to Mar/03= (177.2-100)/100 = 77.2%


Index Number• Index numbers as average• Weighted average of the component price

indexes• Example:

Fuel price index = oil price index x 0.5 +

natural gas price index x 0.3 +coal price index x 0.2

Oil Natural gas

coal

50% 30% 20%


Index Number

• Consumer Price Index (CPI)• Nominal and real variables

Percentage change in tobacco real price index= (Nominal Index/CPI – 1) x 100

Apply the data from Mar/00 to Mar/03 (Table 2.1)= (177.2/109.1 – 1) x 100= 62.5

• Quality and Technological Change• Measuring Change in Economic Variables


Economic Models and Analysis

• Example:Health Canada: Model of the Effect of Smoking

• Focusing on key elementsSmoking = f(price of cig., peer pressure,

messages, price of the “patch”)

Evidence…Evidence…


Fitting Lines Through the Scatter Plot

0.5

50.5

100.5

150.5

200.5

250.5

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75Billions of Cigarette Sales

Real

Pric

e In

dex

Figure 2.3 Scatter Plot of Cig. Sales and Prices (1981 – 1990)


Interpreting Linear Relationship• Define the line:

P =240-3Q• Intercept reflects the value

of P when Q is zeroP = 240 - 3 x 0 = 240

• Slope shows the effect of change in Q on change in P1 unit change in Q 3 units change in P

• Downward, negatively sloped P

rice

Inde

x

Sales in Billions 80

240

Intercept

Slope = 240/80 = 3.0


Economic Model and Analysis

• Non-linear Relationship• Other things Being Equal Assumption

– Increasing tobacco taxes

Illustrated…Illustrated…


Fitting Lines Through the Scatter Plot

0.550.5

100.5150.5200.5250.5300.5

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75

Billions of Cigarette Sales

Real

Pric

e In

dex

Figure 2.6 Shift in Price-Purchase Relationship

Adding observations for the period of 1991-1993

Slope is steeper


Theories and Evidence:Accepting and Rejecting Theories• Scatter diagrams help us to confront

economic theory with empirical reality• Econometrics takes this further using

statistical techniques• Evidence may allow us to reject a

theory• Or to accumulate support for it


Solve it …• Goti drew a bill for Rs.9,000 on Jitu on 1st July,

2006 for three months. Goti got the bill discounted with the bank for Rs.8, 820 and remitted one third of the amount to Jitu. On the due date, Goti failed to remit the amount due to Jitu but he accepted a bill for Rs.12,600 for three months which Jitu discounted for Rs.12,330 and remitted Rs.2,220 to Goti . Before the maturity of the renewed bill, Goti became insolvent and only 50% was realized from his estate on 1 January, 2007.


Solution • In the books of Goti :• B.R. A/c Dr. 9000• To Jitu 9000 (accommodation bill) • Bank Ac dr. 8820• Dis dr. 180• To B/r 9000• Jitu. Dr. 3000• To bank 2940• To Discount 60


Solution …• Jitu Ac dr. 12600 • To BP 12600• Bank Ac. Dr. 2220• Discount A..c dr. 180• Jitu Ac Dr. 6000• To Jitu A.c 8400• (amount of Rs. 6000 due was adjusted by Jite and amount

received Rs. 2220 after deducting bank commission of Rs. 180, Jitu has given our share of Rs. 2400).

• Jitu Ac. Dr. 2100• To Bank 2100• (5j0% of the money due to Jitu was paid after insolvency).


• Goti , Monu and Ajay were in partn Goti and Monu sharing profits and losses in the proportion of 3:1 and Ajay receiving a salary of Rs. 50,000 plus 5% of the profit after charging his salary and his 5% of the profit or 1/7 of the profits of the firm whichever is higher. Any excess of the latter over the former under the partnership agreement to be charged to Goti . The profit for the year ended 31st March 2007 is Rs.6,50,000 after charging Ajay ’s salary.

• You are required to show the distribution of profits among the partners.


Solution

• Profit : 650000• 5% profit: 650000*5/105= 30952• 1/7 of profit: 700000/7= 100000• Thus Ajay will get Rs. 50000 + 30952 or

Rs. 100000 witch ever is higher – thus he will take 100000. Goti will bear : 100000 – 80952 = 19048

• Thus shares are :Goti: 445238, Monu154762 Ajay 100000


Goti contracted to make and deliver 350 pairs of shoes to Double in January. A

strike of Goti’s employees prevented him from implementing his contract. In a suit by Double for breach of contract, Goti claims

that the contract was terminated by impossibility of performance. Is his defence

good?• Double can claim damages.


Question on limitation act?

• X owes Y two sums (X has to pay two amounts to Y), one for Rs. 2,000 which is barred by Limitation and another for Rs. 2,500-which is not barred. X pays Y Rs. 1,000 on account Later Y sues for Rs. 2500. X pleads; what should be his argument?

• Solution: X should plead that this amount is towards 2500 (which is not time barred)


When an inferior right accruing to a party in a contract merges into a

superior right accruing to the same party, then what happens:

• Inferior right will merge in the superior charge and get discharged as now only superior matter will remain.


Revenue is said to be realized when:

• (a) Cash is received• (b) Sales are made• (c) Goods are manufactured• (d) Cheque is realised• Answer: • B.


The value of asset after deducting depreciation from the historical cost

is known as:

• Book value


A contracts to sell to B all the oil to be produced from harvested from A’s farm. The crops having been harvested made

therefrom, A fills the oil in the cans supplied by B. Does property in oil pass to

B?

• No, property passes only when delivery or symbolic delivery is made. In this case A has not made the delivery yet. So still A is the owner of the goods. B will become owner only when A hands over the delivery to B. ans.


• No. the firm is not liable for this amount. However, if the lender and partners know about it , the firm will be liable.

Goti, a partner of a firm, borrows money on his own credit by giving

his own promissory note for the same, but he subsequently uses the proceeds of the note in the

partnership concern of his own free will without any reference to the

lender to do so. Is the firm liable?


Goti Bikaneri sends out 1,000 boxes costing 1,00,000 to Pawan of Jaipur at cost +20%

consignor’s expenses wereFreight Its 6,000

Insurance Rs. 2.000Consignees expenses were

Loading and Unloading charges Rs. 10000Salesman salary Rs. 6,000 andCommission 2% on Gross sale

What will be the amount of profit it ¾ goods sold by consignee at Rs 1,00,000


Solution

• Cost = 100000• Add 20% = 120000• Goods sold = 75000 sale value 100000• Commission = 2000 • Closing stock : • 25000 + ¼ of expenses (18000) = 29500


Gross profit

• Purchase 100000• Expenses 18000• Salary 6000• Commission 2000• Gross profit : 3500• Total : 129500

• Closing stock 29500• Sales 100000


What will be the book value of the asset as at the beginning of fourth

year:• Original Cost .= Rs. 1,26,000• Salvage Value Rs. 6,000• Useful Life= 6 Year• 126000 – 6000• =120000• Sum of the year’s digit method: • Total dep. For first 3 years: 15/21*120000• =85714• Thus value left out is : 40285.7 answer.


Attempt it

• Obsolescence means decline in the value due to:

• (a) Fall in the market price• (b) Physical wear and tear• (c) efflux of time • (d) Innovations and inventions• Correct answer: • (c)


• Following trading results are a in respect ni the business carried on 1 a unit

• 2003 — Loss Rs 20,000• 2004— Loss Rs 5,000• 2005 — Profit Rs 3 0000• 2006— Piotit Rs 15 000• The value of goodwill on the basis of 3

year purchase of average profit :


Solution

• Average profit : • (45000 – 25000) = 20000/4 years = 5000• Three year purchase :5000*3 =15000• Answer.


the Indian economy aimed at an annual growth rate of 8 per cent in

national income,assuming incremental capital —

output-ratio of 3.5:1 what would be the required rate of

investment as percent of national income?

• If you invest 3.5, you get 1. thus in order to get 8, you have to invest: 28 answer.


• Sundry Debtors on 3 March, 2006 are Rs. 55,200. Further Bad debts are Rs. 200: Provision for doubtful debts are to be made on debtors 5% and provision of discount is to be made on debtors @ 2%. The amount provision of discount on debtors will be::

• (a) Rs. 1,045• (b) Rs. 2,750• (c) Rs. 1,100• (d) Rs. 2,760


Solution

• 55200 – 200• 55000• Now deduct 5% provision for doubtful

debt: 55000-2750• Thus provision will be made on 52250• 2% of this amount is 1045 which is

provision for discount on debtors. Answer.


In a certain code COMPUTER is written as RFUVQNPC , how is the

MEDICINE written in the same code?

• As we can see that the first letter is written at the end and the last letter is written first. All other letter have been reversed in their positions and have been moved up by one position, we can solve for medicine also:

• EOJDJEFM answer


On simplification (2+sqrt(3)) /(2-(sqrt(3)) is equal to ?

• In order to solve such question, first we should multiply it with such numbers so that we may solve the denominator. So let us first multiply by : (2+sqrt(3)) /(2+(sqrt(3)) {(a-b) * (a+b) = a^2-b^2 }

• Thus we get (2+ sqrt(3))^2 /1 • (a+b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab+b^2• =4 + 4sqrt(3) + 3. = 7 + 4 sqrt(3)• =13.9 answer.


What is the ratio of production of 1921 to 1929 with the data below?


Solution

• 44: 118 or 22:59 answer.


Increase in production was highest in which year (in absolute v/s in %)?


Solution

• 1922 = from 44 to 68 answer.


In which year, we have highest increase in odd years?


There is a rectangular box, which has sides as 3*2 and height 1 feet. It is cut in 6 equal parts. From top. Top and bottom are white coloured and sides are black coloured. How many cubes are there with one side

black?


Solution

• As you can see there are 2 cubes with one side black, there is no cube with 3 sides black.

ONE SIDE BLACK


HOW MANY CU TUBES WILL BE THERE WITH 3 SIDES

COLOURLESS?

• As we can see that all corner cubes have 2 sides colour less, the middle two cubes have 3 sides colourless. The answer is 2. answer.

Colourless boundary


A waiter gets tips, that are 5/4 times of his salary. Then the ratio of

his incomefrom tips to his total income is?

• Answer = 5:4


What are the number of ways in which 6 rings can be worn in 4

fingers?

• 6*6*6*6 = 6^4 answer.


Goti bought 4 bottles of PEPSI and Sudha brought one large bottle of Coke. The cost of COKE is twice

that of PEPSI. Goti paid Rs. 50 as his share and both of them drank

equally., what was the cost of COKE ?

• Total cost = 100. • 4P + 2P (because one coke is equal to 2

pepsi), 6P = 100. P = 16.66. Coke = 33.3ans.


Solve it

• 100 liters of a mixture of Boric Acid and water contains 80% Boric Acid. So what amount of water should be added to the mixture to reduce the strength of Boric Acid in the mixture to 50%?


Solution

• Total liquid = 100 liters• Boric acid = 80 liters• We have to make it 50%, so the total liquid

should be 160 (just double of it). That means we have to add 160-100 = 60 liters of water.

• Answer.


Solve it • If 7 men or 8 women or 10 boys can finish a

piece of work in 24.days each of 9 hours, then find how many men with the help of 4 women and 5 boys can finish the work in 18 days each of 6 hours.

• Solution : • 4 women = 5 boys, so 10 boys. • 10*24/18*9/6* = 20 boys, we already have 10

boys, we need additional 10 boys to complete the work. 10 boys are equal to 7 men, so we need 7 more men to complete the work. Ans.


They ought to be here before now.

• Change before to by.


He is known about charity.

• Instead of about, use for.


The man laboured to good results.

• Change to into for• Correct : • The man laboured for good results.


I was on bed when he telephoned me.

• Instead of on, use in• I was in bed when he telephoned me.


This work of art is worthy for praise.

• Instead of worthy for praise, use praise-worthy.

• OR • This work of art is worthy of praise.


Which newspaper do you subscribe for?

• Instead of for, use to.


He scoffed on the idea of revolution.

• Instead of on, use at.


Where have you been to?

• There is no need of to.• Where have you been?


He lives at Delhi in India.

• Correct sentence:• He lives in Delhi in India.


The man died from fever.

• Use of instead of from.


Sumit rushed at my room, panting for breath.

• Instead of at, use into.


The poor man is beset by difficulties.

• Correct : • The poor man is beset with difficulties.


Bitthal is distinguished in the cartoons for his sense of

humour• Instead of in, use for.


He is a descendant from the Mughal royalty.

• Instead of from, use of.


The river flows below the bridge.

• Correct : • The river flows under the bridge.


The weather was not very congenial for him.

• Correct sentence: • The weather was not very congenial to

him.


We are expecting the reply till evening.

• Correct sentence:• We are expecting the reply by evening.


He has not been cured for his disease.

• Correct sentence: • He has not been cured of his disease.


We must not carp with the errors of our ancestors.

• Correct sentence:• We must not carp at the errors of our

ancestors.


Patanjali is an authority for Sanskrit grammar.

• Correct sentence:• Patanjali is an authority on Sanskrit

grammar.


The shopkeeper deals with cotton and cloth.

• Correct :• The shopkeeper deals in cotton and cloth.


SOLVE IT

• A salesman has a 35 hours per week normal schedule. During normal hours he gets Rs.40. per hour and for overtime he gets 1.5 times his normal charges. What is his income if he works for 60 hours in a week?

• SOLUTION : • 35*40 + 25*60 =1400+1500 = 2900 ANS.


What is the cube root of 571787?

• Options : • 47• 73, • 83• 93• Answer : • 83.


3A+2B / 5A-3B =12/15 what is the ratio of A to B?

• 3A + 2B = 12 5A – 3B = 15• Multiply the first equation with 5 and 2nd

equation with 3, we get : • 15A + 10 B = 60 and • 15A -9 B = 45• 19 B = 15. thus B = 15/19


Solution …

• 3A + 2B = 12• B =15/19• Putting this value in the first equation. • 3A + 30/19 = 12• 3A = 12 -30/19 = 228 -30 / 19• 3A = 198/19• A = 198/57• A: B = 198/57 : 15/19 = 22: 5


if p/q 2/3, what is the value of p+q / p-q

• P = 2• Q =3• Answer : (2+3) / (2-3)• = - 5 answer.


Two dice are tossed simultaneously. What is the

probability of getting the sum as a prime number?

• Prime number : 2,3,5,7,11,• Total possibilities = 6* 6 = 36• Answer = 16 out of 36 or 16/36. ans.


Solution…

Total of 2 12

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 11

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4

3 2


What is the value of * in the given equation….


Solution

• We know that (A –B)^2 = A^2 – 2AB+ B^2• A = 16/7• B= 9/7, solutoin is 1. (16 -7 = 7,so 7/7) • Thus the above equation is just expansion

of this equation. Thus the value of * is 2AB, out of which we already have B. thus the remaining number is 2A = 32/7, we already have 7, thus answer is 32.


There is a circular park of 20 meters diameter. Inside the circular

park is a path1 meter wide. Find

the area of the park.

• Area of circle = pi* radius * radius• = pi * 10^2 – 9^2 { A^2 – B^2=(A+B) (A-b)}• = pi * 19*1 = 19 pi. Answer.


A can do a piece of work in 8 days, B can do it in 9 days and C can do it in 6 days. On the first two days A & B work together and on the third day C joins them. What is the total number of days worked, needed to

complete the work?


Solution • For the first 2 days – A and B are working

together… (2*1/8) + (2* 1/9) = 34/72• Now A,B,C will work together: • 1/8 +1/9 + 1/6 = 29/72• They will complete the work in 72/29 • Now multiply this by (1- 34/72) * 72/29• (because 34/72 work is already complete, the

remaining work is 38/72) • =38/72 *72/29 = 38/29. • Thus total time required is 2 +38/29 answer.


Surface area of a cube is 150 cm^2 . What is the length of its edge?

• Surface area of cube : • Formula = 6 * Side * side• 6 * side * side = 150 • Side * side = 25• Side = 5 answer.


A circular cord of 35 cm is drawn into a rhombus. what is the length

of its edge?

• Length of cord = 35 Cm• Edge = 35/4 = 8.75 answer.


The age of the father is 4 times the son’s age. 5 years ago it was 7 times the son’s age. What is his

age now?• Let us assume father’s age = X , son’s age

is X /4 . • (X-5) / (X/4 – 5) =7 or (X-5)/ (X – 20)/4 =7Or 4X- 20 = 7X – 140 • - 3X = -120, or X = 40 Answer.


What is the difference between a discount of 40% on Rs. 1000 and two successive discounts of 35%

and 5% on the same amount?

• =1000*.35*.05 = discount of 350+32.5• v/s discount of 400. the difference is : 17.5

answer.


A man sold a horse at a loss of 7%. Had he been able to sell it at a gain of 9%, it would have fetched Rs.64 more than it did. What is the cost

price of the horse?

• 64 *100/16 = 400 answer


Solve it ..

• On an article marked Rs.20000, a customer has a choice between three successive discounts of 20%, 2O% and l0% and three successive discounts of 40%, 5% and 5%. By choosing the better offer, determine the amount he can save.

• Solution : • 20000*.8*.8*.9 v/s 20000*.6*.95*.95 • =12000 v/s 10300. thus savings are 1700.


A manufacturer sells a vehicle to a dealer at a profit of

40%, the dealer sells it to a customer at a profit of 30% and the

customer sells it to a friend for Rs.7280 at a loss of 2O%. Find the

cost price of the vehicle for the manufacturer?

• 7280*100/80*100/130*100/140 = 5000. ans.


What profit percent is made by selling an article at a certain price, if by selling it at two-thirds of that

price, there would be a loss of 20%?

• 80 *3/2 = 120 thus there will be profit of 20%. Answer.


Two articles are sold at Rs.198 each such that a prof1t of 10% is made on the first while a loss of

10% is incurred on the other. What would be the net profit/loss on the

two transactions combined?


Solution

• Sold • Profit on first 198 *10/110 =18• Loss on 2nd = 198 * 10/90 =22• There is net loss of Rs. 4


.A person purchases 50 dozen toys at Rs.4 per dozen. Of these, 40

toys were found broken. At what price should he

sell the remaining toys in order to make a profit of 5%?


Solution

• No. toys : 50 * 12 = 600• Defective = 40 • Net = 560• Cost : 4 * 50 = 200• add profit = 5% = 10• Selling price = 210 • No. of dozens = 560/12 = 46.66 dozens• New sale price per dozen= 4.5 answwer.

DR. T.K. JAIN


.A fruit vendor sells apples at cost price but uses false weight

of 960 gm instead of 1 kg. Find the gain %.

• Profit = 1000 grams – 960 grams• = 40 • Cost = 960• Profit = 40/960 *100 = 4.16% answer.


• A engaged 40 labourers on a job. He was paid Rs.1,050 for the work. After retaining 20% of it, he distributed the remaining amount amongst the labourers. If the number of men to women labourers was as 5: 3 and their wages were as 3 : 2, then how much did a man get as wages?


Solution

• No . Of men = 5/ (5+3) *40 = 25• 25 men were working• Total payments to men: • 5*3 = 15, women : 3*2 = 6• Thus payment received was 15/21 *

(1050*.8) • =total payment received = 600• Payment per man – 600/25 = 24 answer.


arrange eight of the nine numbers 2,3,4,5, 7,10, 11,12,13 in the vacant squares of 3X4

array shown below so that the arithmetic average of the numbers in each row and

column is the same integer.What is their average?


Solution • Let us add these numbers: • Sum( 1,2,3,4,5, 7,9,10, 11,12,13,14,15, - X) • X = left out number• =106-X • Let us assume average = Y • The average is same, so total of columns

should be 4Y.• 3*(4Y) = 106-X• 12Y = 106 – X, by hit and trial, we know that X

should be 10. Thus Y = 8. • Thus average is 8 and left out number is 10. • Answer.


For how many integers N, N/(20—n) is the square of an

integer?

• (a) 0 (b) 1• (c) 2 (d) 3• (e) 4• Solution : square cannot be negative, so

20-N must be positive. Therefore N can be upto 19 only. By trial, we can see that when N = 16, this is square, there is no other option, Thus answer is B.


Puzzle • A truck tra veiled from town A to town B over several

days. During the first day, it covered 1/p of the total distance, where p is a natural number. During the second day, it travelled 1/q of the remaining distance, where q is a natural number. Duthig the third day, it travelled i/p of the distance remaining after the second day, and during the fourth day, l/q of the distance remaining after third day. By the end of the fourth day the truck had travelled 3/4 of the distance between A and B.

• The value of p+q is• (a) 4 0) 5• (c) 6 (d) 7• (e) 8


Solution • Try from options, it cannot be 5 or 6, it has to

be higher value 7 or 8. Let us try for 7.• Let us assume that the number is 144 (we

have assumed it because 4*3*4*3 = 144) • First day: 36 is used, left out is 108. 2nd day:

36 is used and left out is 72. 3rd day: 18 is used and left out is 54. 4th day 18 is used and left out is 36.

• We know that now 1/4 th is left out, so our condition is fulfilled. Thus this is the answer.

•


In a certain factoiy, each day the expected number of accidents is related to the number of

overtime hour by a linear equation. Suppose that on one day there were 1000 overtime

hours logged and 8 accidents reported, and on another day there were 400 overtime hours

logged and 5 accidents. What are the expected numbers of accidents when no overtime hours

are logged?• (a) 2 (b) 3• (c) 4 (d) 5


Solution

• Let us frame 2 equations and use them to solve this question:

• 8 = 1000X +Y• 5 = 400 X +Y• Solving these we get : 3 = 600X • X = 1/200; putting this value, we get Y. • Y = 3. • Thus when there is no overtime, the number of

accident is 3. Answer.


In which year did the firm pay maximum tax?


Solution

• Since all the figures are in %, we cannot calculate the value of taxes paid as absolute value. We are not aware of change in sales also. So answer : cannot be determined.


Solve it : • Seven integers A, B, C,D, E, Fand G arc to be

arranged in an increasiug order such that• i. First four numbers are in arithmetic progression.• ii. Last four numbers are in geometric progression.• iii. There exists one number between E and G.• iv. There exist no numbers between A and B.• v. D is the smallest number and E is the greatest.• Vi. A / D = G /C = F / A >1• vii. E= 960• What is E / A?


SOLUTION

• F is more than A and A is more than D and G is more than C.

• D is smallest :D - - - - - - E (G will come one less than E, A and B are close. C has to be near D.

• D C B A G F E• The last four are in GP. • Thus E = A *r^3 (because it is GP) and A

= D +3(common difference)


Continued…• E = 960• Let us find factors of 960• 2*2*2*2*2*2*3*5• Thus A must be 15 and ratio must be 4• The numbers will be : 15,60,240,960.• Or A may be 120 and ratio may be 2, the numbers

will be 120,240,480 and 960• Thus F/A = 240/15 = 16 or 480/120 = 2.• The 2nd option is better. Thus A/D = 2 and D = 60• We can write that A = D + (3*common difference)• =120=60 +(3*common difference).


Continued…

• 120=60 +(3*common difference).• Common difference is 20• Thus the numbers are :• 60,80,100,120,240,480,960• Thus we can find answer to the question:

E/A• =960/120 = 8 answer.


Goti and Nitin could do a piece of work in 12 days. Nitin and Kap

togetherdo lt In 15 days. If Goti is twice as

good a workman as Kap, findin how many days Goti alone will

do it?


Solution

• G = 2K (now add the two equations) • 2K+N+N+K = 1/12+1/15 = 27/180, • K+N = 1/15 or 2 (K+N) = 2/15• 3K +2N = 3/20• K = 3/20 – 2/15 = 1/60• Thus Kap can do it in 60 days. • Goti being twice fast, can do it in 30 days

alone. Answer.


Goti car paint a fence 100 metres long in 6 days,

then how much time will both Goti and his friend Kap

take, if Kap is thrice as efficient as Goti?

• Goti’s one day work = 1/6, Kap=3*1/6• 1/6 + 3/6 = 4/6• Thus they will take 6/4 = 1.5 days to

complete the work.


Two pipes A and B can fill a cistern in 10 and 15 minutes

respectively. Both pipes are opened together but at the end of 3

minutes, ‘B’ is turned off. How much time will the cistern take to

fill?

• 3/10 +3/15 = 75/150 thus the remaining pipe A will take 5 minutes to fill up the tank. Total time: 2+5 = 7 minutes. Ans.


Explanation

• 75/150 = is half of the total pip3 thus the pipe is helf illed. Thus A can fill the remaining portion in 5 minutes (it takes 10 minutes to fill completely).


A is twice as good a workman as B; and together they finish

a work in 14 days. In how many days can it be done by each

separately?

• Let us assume that A takes X and B takes 2X days. 1/2x + 1/x = 1/14

• Let us assume 1/x = Y• Y/2 + Y = 1/14• 3/2Y = 1/14 or Y = 2/42 or 1/21• Thus A can do it in 21 days and B in 42 days.

Answer.


If 20 men complete one-third of a piece of work in 20 days, how many more men should be employed to

finish the rest of the work in 25 days?

• Total work left = 2*20 = 40 days. • Total mandays required = 40*20 = 800• Thus no. of persons required = 800/25=32• Additional persons required = 32-20=12

persons. Answer.


Goti can copy 75 pages in 25 hours Goti and Kap together can copy

135 pages in 27 hours In what time can Kap copy 42 pages?

• Goti copies 3 pages in one hour. Thus he copies 27*3 = 81 pages. Kap copies (135-81) = 54 pages in 27 hours, or 2 pages in one hour. Thus 42/2 = 21 hours will be taken by Kap Sa. Answer.


goti & Kap can do a piece of work in 4.8 days, Kap and

Jitu together can do it in 8 days and the three together in 4

days. How long would Goti & Jitu together take to do it’


Solution • (calculate for 1 day and add them to get the

ans.) • G+K +K +J= 1 / (4.8) + 1/8• GKKJ = 12.8 / 38.4• GKJ = ¼• K = 12.8 / 38.4 - ¼• = (12.8 – 9.6) / 38.4• = 3.2 / 38.4 = 1/12• Thus G+J = ¼ - 1/12 = 2/12 = 1/6 • G + J will do it in 6 days. Answer.


A person works twice as fast as a woman. A woman works twice as fast as a child. If 16 persons can complete a job in 12 days, then

how many days would be required for 32 women and 64 children

together to complete the same job?

• 32 women = 16 men• 64 children = 16 men.• Thus they will together do it in 6 days.

Ans.


3 pipes A, B and C can fill a cistern in 15, 20 and 30 min. respectively.

They were all turned on at the same time. After 5 minutes the first two pipes were turned off. In what

time will the cistern be filled?


Solution

• 5/15 + 5/20 5/30• = (20+15+10) / 60 = 45/60 or ¾• Thus remaining ¼ of the cistern can be

filled by C in 7.5 minutes only. • Thus total time taken is 5 + 7.5 =12.5

minutes


A certain number of men can finish a piece of work in 100

days. If, however, there are 10 men less, it would take 10

days more for the work to finish. How many men were there?

• Let the number of men = X • Total work = 100X • (X-10) 110 = 100X or 110X -1100 = 100X• 10X = 1100 or X = 110.


A, B and C can do a piece of work in 20, 20 and 40 days

respectively. They began the work together but C left 2

days before the completion of work. In how many days would

the work have been completed?


Solution

• For 2 days only A and B worked• 2/20 + 2/20 = 4/20 or 1/5• Together (all three) : • 1/20+1/20+1/40 = (2+2+1) / 40 = 1/8• Thus they take 8 days to complete the

work, but they completed only 4/5 work together, so 8*4/5 = 6.4 days were taken by them. Thus total days : 8.4 days. Answer.


ERROR SPOTTING Industrial accidents/(1)usually result into /(2) ignorance/(3)or carelessness/(4) No Error (5)

• The correct sentence should be : • Industrial accidents are caused by

ignorance or carelessness. • So answer is (2)


Some people are like (1)to do a lot of social work/(2)even though they

are poor(3)and lack resources

• Correct sentence should be : • Some people want / are likely to do a lot of

social work, even though they are poor and lack resources.

• So answer is (1) .


ERROR SPOTTING Some men (1)have conveniently

believe (2)that women are inferior to(3) men in respect of abilities.(4)

No Error (5)

• (2) = it should be : have conveniently believed.


ERROR SPOTTING His qualities include(1)the ability to

take/(2)right and/(3)quickly decisions.(4)/ No Error(5)

• ANSWER : (4) • It should be quick decisions.


ERROR SPOTTING If you want to (1)ensure prompt

service (2)please be contacted to us (3) at your earlier convenience.

(4) No Error (5)• Answer : (3) please contact us OR please

be in contact with us


They founded (1)this institution for/(2)the welfare of the poor (3)

and the disable people.(4) No Error (5)

• Answer (4) it should be : • For the disable (there is no need to put

people with disable).


He asked me/U) what had my total investrnents(2)during the (3) last

five years.(4) No Error. (5)

• Answer : (2) it should be : • What had my total investments been


He takes the(1) prescribed medicine regularly(2) and that is how(3) he has succeed to control

his ailment.(4) No Error (5)• Answer : (3) • It should be : this is how


We should take(1) regular exercises to keep ourself (2) fit and

active.(3) No Error (4)

• (2) it should be : regular exercises to keep • (there is no need of ourself).


Each time (1) you reached this spot (2) go back and(3) start your next (4) round again.(4) No Error (5)

• (2) it should be – you reach this spot.


SENTENCE IMPROVEMENT

• The honourable court had taken a leniency view because the accused had no previous criminal record.

• (1) had viewed leniency (2) had taken a leniency viewing

• (3) had taken a lenient view(4) Noae of these• (5) No correction required• Solution:• (3)


Sentence improvement

• Maintaining global peace is our self-made commitment to the word.

• (1) self-making commitment• (2) self-made committee• (3) made of self-connnitment• (4) None of these• (5) No correction required• Solution (5)


The dinner party hosted by the President at the club was shifted to

an undisclosed location.• (1) a locality undisciosing• (2) a undisc location• (3) an undisc location• (4) None of these• (5) No correction required• Solution • (5)


Sentence improvement

• The government should launch such projects which should reversible the destructive cycle of flood and drought.

• (1) should have reversible (2) should be reverse (3) should have been reverse

• (4) None of these• (5) No correction required• Solution : • (4) correct answer: should reverse


A comnilttee comprising eminent experts from various fields were

setting up.(1) was setup

(2) was setting up (3) were being set up

(4) None of these(5) No correction required

• Solution : (1)


Our foreign exchange reserves have been increased substantial.

(1) have been increased substantially

(2) have increased substantially(3) have substantially increasing


• Solution : (2)


The key to a competitive economy is its investment regime.

• (1) competition economy is• (2) competing economist lays• (3) economy competition was• (4) None of these• (5) No correction required• Solution• (5)


Driving a car in jammed traffic require extraordinary patience -

especially when other drivers are not disciplined.

(1) required extraordinary patient(2) requires extraordinary patience(3) requiring extraordinary patience


• Solution (2)


Chinese army possesses highly sophisticated simulotors on which

their soldiers are training.

• (1) which their soldiers training on• (2) on which their soldiers have trains• (3) which their soldiers do train• (4) None of these• (5) No correction required• Solution : last part : soldiers are getting training.

(so answer is (4))


Every novel activity will be likely to face resistance from vested

interests.

• (1) is likely to face• (2) would be like facing• (3) No correction required• (4) will be likely facing• (5) None of these• Solution : (1)


We observed that traders were not primarily dedicated with art of

selling.

• (1) dedicated to the art of(2) None• (3) dedicated in the art by• (4) dedicated by the art of• (5) No correction required• Solution (1) preposition error .


If expenses per participant during the meeting is Rs.200 in 1995, which keeps on increasing at the rate of 10% per year, then what are the total expenses (in Rs.thousand) in 1996. The graph below shows the number of participants coming from different regions?


Solution

• 200*1.1*360 = 79200 answer.


The following graph shows profits of 5 companies. What was the

average profit in 1979?


Solution :

• A =130• B = 40• C = 110• D = 60• E = 90 • Let us add them and divide by 5: • =430/5 = 86 answer.


Solve it

• A cube with edges equal to 8cm is painted on all the six faces and is subsequently cut into 64 identical cubes. The number ct smaller cubes painted on atleast two faces is

• (1) 24 (2) 16• (3) 36• (4) 32


Solution

• There are four on the top right side. There are 4 on the opposite side also (4*4*4 = 64).

• Thus we have 4+4+2+2 cubes in front, same 12 in the back side also. We have 8 in sides also. Thus we have 32 cubes.

• Ans.


Solve it • The perimeter of a regular hexagon is 36cm.

The area of the hexagon is• (1) 54*sqrt(3) sq cm (2) 108*3 sq cm• (3) 27*3 sq cm (4) 18*3 sq cm• Solution: • One side of hexagon = 6• One triagle = ((sqrt(3)/4 * side )^2 =1.7/4* 36 • Hexagon = 6* equilateral triangle =

6*sqrt(3)/4*36• =54* sqrt(3) ans


Solve it …

• How many patient does the doctor examine in a day, if he treats 5 patients in 3 hours with breaks of 10 minutes between two consecutive patients and works for 10 hours per day?

• (1) 16 (2) 15• (3) 12 (4) 20


Solution

• 3 hours = 180 minutes• Break = 4*10 = 40• Time per patient = 140 / 5 = 28 minutes• Total time : 10 hours *60 = 600 minutes• 600 – 28 = 572• Now dividing 572 / (28+10) = 15• Thus the doctor checks 15+1 = 16

patients.


If the interior angle of a regular polygon is twice its exterior angle

then the polygon is a(1) rhombus (2) pentagon(3) hexagon (4) heptagon

Interior angle = 2X and exterior angle = X3X = 180 or X = 60Thus one exterior angle is 60Thus 360/60 = 6Thus the shape is hexagon. Answer.


DATA SUFFICIENCY QUESTION.40 pens were distributed equally

amon all the participants, then how many participants were there?

(A) The number of participants was a prime number greater than 10.(B) The leftover pen was kept by

the Chairman.


Solution

• If we combine both the statements, we can get the answer. One pen was left (given to the chairman), so 39 pen were distributed.

• 39 = 3*13• Thus the number of participants must be

either 3 or 13. since it had to be above 10, therefore the answer is 13. (so answer can be drawn with the help of both the students together). Ans.


WHAT IS THE VALUE OF X


Data sufficiency question.

• Is the series a GP?• (A) If the third term is twice the second.• (B) The fourth term is eight times the first.• Solution • Let us start from 1• 1,2,4,8 = yes it is GP • Thus the answer can be drawn with the

help of both the statements. Ans.


The number of common terms in the two-seç 17, 21,

25,.. ., 417 and 16, 21, 26,. . ., 466

• Let us start from 21. In the first term the gap is of 4 and in second series the gap is of 5. their LCM is 20 so we have to find the gaps of 20 each.

• Last term is 417. let us deduct 21 from 417, we get 396. now let us divide it by 20. We get : 19. Thus we have 19+1 = 20 common terms. Answer.


Solution continued. .. .

• The final series is : • 21,41,61,81,101,121,141,161,181,201,221

,241,261,281,301,321,341,361,381,401,


What is the total production of machine no. 3?


Solution

• Production accepted : 100 – 27 = 73%. • Thus total production • 100/73 * 438 = 600 units answer.


• The integers 1, 2,..., 40 are written on a blackboard. The following operation is then repeated 39 times: In each repetition, any two numbers, say a and b, currently on the blackboard are erased and a new number a + b —1 is written. What will be the number left on the board at the end?

• Options: (1) 820 (2) 821 (3) 781(4) 819 (5) 780


Solution ….

• In the first round, we add up 1 and 2 and get 2. now we take up 2 and 3, we get 4, now we take up 4 and 4 and get 7. now we take up 7 and 5 and get 11. Now we take up 11 and 6 and get 16. We can find that we have an increasing series :

• 2,4,7,11,16 …. … • Let us add 1 to 39. =39*40/2 = 780• Let us add 780 + 1= 781 answer.


What is the total sale (in no. of units) in the year 1991?


• = 82016 answer.


What is the % increase in the sale of VCR in 1993 against 1992?

• Sale in 1993 =6151• Sale in 1992 = 3006• Difference = 3145• Increase in % = 3145/3006 *100 • = 105% answer.


This graph shows price of 4 shares, what is the average price of these 4

shares?


Solution

• Let us add them: • (150+40+120+90)/4 = 100 answer


what is the production of food grains in 1991, expressed as a percentageof its production in 1989?


Solution

• 15/20 *100 = 75 % answer.


Which is the most logical idea?

• If an ant were as big as a horse, could it move mountains?

• No. A giant ant . . . . . (select from a,b,c,d)• (a) Would be a structural failure.• (b) Would never be able to move

mountains.• (c) Would be a mere curiosity.• (d) Would never be able to hunt for food.


Solution

• A giant Ant would not be able to move mountains because it is just a curoisity (we are not sure about what could it do). Other options are not logical – as logically we cannot say that it is structural failure or it cannot hunt for food or it cannot move mountains.


Puzzle test…• Nine cricket fans are watching a match in a

stadium. Seated in one row, they are J, K, L, M, N, 0, P, Q and R. L is at the right of M and at third place at the right of N. K is at one end of the row. Q is immediately next to 0 and P. 0 is at the third place at the left of K. J is right next to left of 0.

• Who is sitting in the centre of the row?• (a)L (b)O• (c)J (d)Q


Solution …

• NRMLJOPQK• J IS IN THE CENTRE


A and B start walking in opposite directions. A covers 3 km and B

covers 4 km. Then A turns right and walks 4 km while B turns left and walks 3 km. How far is each from

the starting point?• A is 3 KM in one direction and 4 KM in

right. Applying pythogorus, we find that A is 5 KM from the starting point. Similarly B is also 5 KM from the starting point. Ans.


Ram walks 10 m south from his house, turns left and walks

25 m, again turns left and walks 40 m, then turns right and. walks 5 m

to reach to school. In which direction the schoolis from his house?

• Draw a map and get the answer = north-east.


In a class of 35 students Kiran is placed 7th from the bottom

whereas Sohan is placed 9th from the top. Mohan is placed exactly in between the two. What is Kiran’s

position from Mohan?

• 10th

• From 9th to the top and 7th to the bottom, we have 21 candidates (35-(6+8) ). Mohan is just in the centre. So from Mohan, Kiran is at 10th place. Answer.


A watch reads 4 If the minute hand points towards the East, in which

direction does the hour hand point?

• The hour hand is towards South West.


Puzzle

• Goti and I started walking towards each other from two places lOO m apart. After walking 30m, Goti turns left and goes lO m, then he turns right and goes 20m then turns right again and comes back to the road and starts walking. If we walk with the same speed, what is the distance between us at this point of time


Solution

• (Goti walks 70 meters in all), so I walk 70 meters towards Goti’s starting point and now I am 30 meters from that. Goti takes only 30+20 meters on the road. Thus Goti is 50 meters from my starting point. Thus there is a gap of 20 meters between me and Goti. Answer.


Sum of 1st to 30th terms of a series in arithmetic

progèssion is 150. if the first term is A, what is 30th term of the series?

• Sum = 30/2 (2a + (29)D) = 150• 2a + 29d =150*2/30 = or 29 D = 10 – 2A • 30th term = A + 29D• 29 D = 10 – 2A, putting the value, we get the answer

= 10 – A answer


Question on number system

• Convert 252 into binary system • 252 / 2 = 126 / 2 = 63/2 = 31/2 = 15/2 =

7/2 = 3/2 =1 (starting from last remainder to the first)

• 11111100 answer. • Convert it again to decimal system: • 1*2^7+1*2^6+1*2^5+1*2^4+1*2^3+1*2^2+

0*2^1+0*2^0 = 128+64+32+16+8+4 = 252


Multiply 12 to 13 ( note - both are octal numbers, your outcomes must

also be in octal numbers)?

• Let us first convert them into decimal numbers: 12= 1*8^1 + 2*8^0 =10

• 13 = 1*8^1 + 3*8^0 =11• Now multiply 10 to 11 = 110• Now convert it into octal number: • 110/8 = 13 / 8 • =156 • Test = now convert 156 to decimal number


Convert 156 (octal) to decimal number …..

• 1*8^2 + 5*8^1 + 6*8^0• =64+40+6• =110 answer.


Multiply 5 (base 16) to 12 (base 7) and get the outcome in binary?

• (5*16^0 ) * (1*7^1 +2*7^0) • 5 *9 = 45• 45/2 = 22/2 = 11/2 = 5/2 =2/2 1• =101101 answer.


78.8% of a common medicine for stomach-upsets is absolute alcohol;

3.3% of it is mentha oil; 0.07% spear mint oil; and 0.177%

chloroform. How much of each of these compounds is there in a pack

of 30 ml?solution

alchol = 23.6 ml, 1 ml of menthol oil and so. On.


What is the sum of cubes of the first 5 natural numbers?

• Formula • = [N (N+1)/2 ]^2• = [5*6 / 2 ]^2• =225 answer.


What is the sum of squares of the first 13 natural numbers?

• Formula• =[n(n+1)(2n+1) ] /6• =(13*14*27)/6• =819 answer.


In a Class of 80 pupils, the number of boys is three-fifths the number of girls. Determine the number of girls

in the class.

• Let the number of girls be X• X + 3/5X = 80• 8/5 X = 80• X = 80 *5/8• X = 50 (the number of girls is 50, boys are

30) answer.


The difference between two numbers is 30. On dividing the

greater by the smller the quotient is 3. Find the numbers.

• Let the smaller number be X. • 3X – X = 30• 2X =30; X = 15, • Thus 2 numbers are 15 and 45 answer.


Gunpowder contains 75% nitre and 10% sulphur. The rest of it is

charcoal. What is the amount of charcoal in 9 kg of gunpowder.

• Charcoal is (100 – 75 – 10) = 15% • 9 KG = 9000 Grams • 9000*15/100• =1350 grams answer.


Question on profit

• At what percentage alove the Cost price must an article be marked so as to gain 33% after allowing the customer a discount of 5%?

• (a) 48% (b) 43%• (c) 40% (d) 38%• (e) None of the above


Solution …

• Let the cost be 100• Final price being realised 133• It is after discount, so price before

discount (marked price) is : • 133*100/95 =140 , so 40 is the answer.


A vertical pole PO is standing at the centre 0 of a square ABCD. If AC

subtends an angle 90° at point P of the pole then the angle subtended

by a side of the squareat Pis

(a) 35° (b) 45°(c) 30° (d) 60°

(e) None of the above


Solution

• When diagonal (in a square) makes angle of 90 degree in a pyrimidical shape, then sides make angles of 60 degree. (rule).

• So answer is 60 degrees.


Find the per cent of pure gold in 22 carat gold, if 24 carat gold is cent

per cent pure gold.

• 22/24 *100• =91.67 % answer.


In the diagram the two circles pass through each other’s centre. If the radius of each circle is 2, what is

the perimeter of the region marked B?


Solution

• Permieter of one circle is 2/3 now because, it is being cut by other circle.

• Thus 2/3 + 2/3 of perimeters added : • 2 * 2/3 * (formula of perimeter = 2pi *r)• =(8 * pi * r) /3 answer.


What is angle C?


Solution

• Angle O is double the angle A. Thus it is 100 degree. Thus C is (180 -100)/2 = 40 degrees answer.


What is angle a?


Solution • Angles from D and C are equal . • 180 – 60 – 37 – x• =83 – x• Let us sum up for two angles: • (180+180 ) = 360• 83-x + 83 – x + 180+2X = 360• 2Y +2X = 180 let us assume Y = 53 • 2X = 72 or X = 36 answer (solve by options,

so angle A = 53 ) answer.


ABOUT AFTERSCHO☺OL

Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE (after class 12th along with IAS / CA / CS) and 18 month PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) along with preparation for CS / CFP / CFA /CMA / FRM. This course is also available online also. It also conducts workshops on social entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all over India – start social entrepreneurship club in your institution today with the help from afterschoool and help us in developing society.


Why such a programme?

• To promote people to take up entrepreneurship and help develop the society

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Who are our supporters?

• Afterschoolians, our past beneficiaries, entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurs are supporting us.

• You can also support us – not necessarily by money – but by being promotor of our concept and our ideas.


About AFTERSCHO☺OL PGPSE – the best programme for developing great

entrepreneurs• Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous programme• Available in distance learning mode• Case study focused- latest cases • Industry oriented practical curriculum• Designed to make you entrepreneurs – not just

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Workshops from AFTERSCHO☺OL

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relevance


Salient features:• The only programme of its kind (in the whole world)• No publicity and low profile course• For those who want to achieve success in life – not just a

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• Scholarships for those from poor economic background• Latest and constantly changing curriculum – keeping pace

with the time• Placement for those who are interested• Admissions open throughout the year • Latest and most advanced technologies, books and study

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Components • Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM Ahmedabad and ISB

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India)• Rural development / Social welfare projects


Branches

• AFTERSCHO☺OL will shortly open its branches in important cities in India including Delhi, Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon and other important cities. Afterschooolians will be responsible for managing and developing these branches – and for promoting social entrepreneurs.


Case Studies

• We want to write case studies on social entrepreneurs, first generation entrepreneurs, ethical entrepreneurs. Please help us in this process. Help us to be in touch with entrepreneurs, so that we may develop entrepreneurs.


Basic values at AFTERSCHO☺OL

• Share to learn more• Interact to develop yourself• Fear is your worst enemy• Make mistakes to learn • Study & discuss in a group• Criticism is the healthy route to mutual support

and help • Ask fundamental questions : why, when, how &

where?• Embrace change – and compete with yourself

only


www.afterschoool.tk social entrepreneurship for better

society

http://www.afterschoool.tk/

Advanced Accountancy 29 Sept

Technology

Transcript of Advanced Accountancy 29 Sept