ADP, ATP, and Cellular Respiration. What is ATP? Energy Used by all cells Adenosine Triphosphate.
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Transcript of ADP, ATP, and Cellular Respiration. What is ATP? Energy Used by all cells Adenosine Triphosphate.
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ADP, ATP, and
Cellular Respiration
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What is ATP?
Energy Used by all cells Adenosine Triphosphate
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How Do We Get Energy From ATP?
By breaking off one Phosphate. This requires and enzyme called ATPase
ATP Hydrolysis
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ATP Needs to Be Re-made and Recycled
To do this, and another enzyme called ATP synthase is used to reconnect a phosphate.
ATP Synthesis
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ATP is Made During Cellular Respiration
Glucose is oxidized and O2 is reduced
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36-38 ATP’s
Cell Respiration happens in three stages
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Glycolysis
Takes place in the Cytoplasm Anaerobic ( Does NOT use Oxygen) Requires input of 2 ATP molecules Splits Glucose into to molecules of Pyruvate
Produces 4 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 molecules of pyruvate. (Energy Carriers)
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Glucose
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Glycolysis
Fermentation
Aerobic Respiratio
n
ATP
ATP
No Oxygen Oxygen
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Fermentation Occurs when O2 is NOT present (anaerobic)
Lactic Acid Fermentation in muscle cells (tired muscles)- converts pyruvates to lactic acid.
Alcohol Fermentation converts pyruvates to ethyl alcohol. (basics of wine and beer)
Produces 2 ATP’s
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Glycolysis
Fermentation
Aerobic Respiratio
n
ATP
ATP
No Oxygen Oxygen
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Stages of Cellular Respiration
When Oxygen is present!
The Krebs Cycle The Electron Transport Chain
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The Mitochondria
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Endosymbiosis Theory
The theory of endosymbiosis proposes that the mitochondria found in eukaryotic cells descended from ancestors of infection-causing bacteria.
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Krebs Cycle/ Citric Acid Cycle
If Oxygen is present Pyruvate enters the mitochondria
Cyclical series of oxidation reactions that give off CO2 and produce 2 ATP
Produces 2 ATP’s, 3NADH, and 2 CO2
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Electron Transport Chain
Occurs across inner mitochondrial membrane when oxygen is present.
34 ATP and H2O produced
Uses NADH and e- from glycolysis and Krebs cycle to create ATP’s and H2O
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C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36-38 ATP’s