ADOLF HITLER• Country

– Germany• Political Party

– Nazi Party• Goals and Ideas

– Create Third Reich– Control Europe…and the world– Create a “master race”– Rebuild German Military– “The Final Solution” – exterminating Jews– Killing gays and lesbians, people with

disabilities, Gypsies (Roma), Jehovas Witnesses, and Nazi Party critics

– Extreme nationalism• Type of Government

– Facist Dictatorship• How did he maintain power?

– Secret police (SS)– Propaganda– Government controlled press– Repressed dissent– Racial laws– Concentration & Death Camps

FRANCISCO FRANCO• Country

– Spain• Political Party

– Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS (Spanish Traditionalist Phalanx of the Assemblies of National-Syndacalist Offensive)

• Goals and Ideas– Leads the Nationalist movement in the Spanish

Civil War– Strongly against communism, socialism, and

anarchism– Vertical Trade Union: end class struggle by

grouping workers & owners together – Pro-Axis powers; not directly involved in World

War II• supported by Hitler & Mussolini• sends troops to fight the Soviet Union

(communism) directly• Type of Government

– Authoritarian Military Dictatorship• How did he maintain power?

– Censorship on moral & political grounds– Strict laws about assembly and association– Government recognizes only one Spanish

dialect to try and promote unity

JOSEPH STALIN• Country

– Soviet Union (USSR)• Political Party

– Communist Party• Goals and Ideas

– Increase Industry– Become a Superpower– Spread Communism– Eliminate all opposition– Anti-democracy– Collectivize (bring under Government

control) farms and industry• Type of Government

– Communist Dictatorship• How did he maintain power?

– Secret police (The Cheka)– The Great Purge (organized persecution

and political suppression)– Government controlled Press– Labor Camps (Siberia)– Executions– “Disappearing” people

BENITO MUSSOLINI• Country

– Italy• Political Party

– Facist Party• Goals and Ideas

– Promote the Facist Party through Youth Groups

– “Mussolini is Always Right”– Create a strong Italy– Support the Catholic Church– Anti-Communist, Anti-Socialist– Restore the former glory of Italy and Rome

• Type of Government– Fascist Dictatorship with a Military

emphasis• How did he maintain power?

– Secret police (OVRA)– Imprisoned people who dissented– Banned other political parties– propaganda– Censored the Press

HIDEKI TOJO• Country

– Japan• Political Party

– Imperial Rule Assistance Association

• Goals and Ideas– Control the Pacific Islands, China,

and Soviet Union (USSR)– Eliminate Western influences– Militarism– Extreme Nationalism– Support Hitler’s Nazi Party

• Type of Government– Monarchy with military influence

• How did he maintain power?– Ignored opposition– Used military strength to torture

and intimidate people

ADOLF HITLER• Country

– • Political Party

– • Goals and Ideas

– – – – – – –

• Type of Government–

• How did he maintain power?– – – – – –

FRANCISCO FRANCO• Country

– • Political Party

–

• Goals and Ideas–

–

–

– • •

• Type of Government–

• How did he maintain power?–

–

–

JOSEPH STALIN

• Country–

• Political Party–

• Goals and Ideas– – – – – –

• Type of Government–

• How did he maintain power?– –

– – –

BENITO MUSSOLINI• Country

– • Political Party

– • Goals and Ideas

–

– – – – –

• Type of Government–

• How did he maintain power?– – – – –

HIDEKI TOJO• Country

– • Political Party

– • Goals and Ideas

– – – – –

• Type of Government–

• How did he maintain power?– –

WELCOME BACK!

• Complete the following warm-up on ____.

• Read “The Rise of Dictators” page 540-541.

• In complete sentences, answer the following questions:1. Which two major European states were

democratic by 1939?

2. Define totalitarian state.

3. What is the goal of a totalitarian state?