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Under the guidance of:Presented by:Dr. Sanat AgrawalSachin BanerjiEr. No.: 122405

M.Tech. in Manufacturing TechnologyDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringJaypee University of Engineering and TechnologyApplications of Additive Manufacturing:Physical Modelling by Conversion of Various File FormatsContentsIntroduction

Data Formats for Physical Modelling

DEM File Format

Surfer Grid File Format

STL File Format

VRML File Format

ReferencesIntroductionPhysical models are being made with the help of additive manufacturing (AM) machines

Terrain models are gaining importance

A CAD model is made and converted into STL file format

STL file is manipulated in RP Magics software

Model is grown.Data Formats for Physical ModellingInput file formats

DEM ASCII file format

Surfer Grid file format

Output file formats

STL file format

VRML file formatDEM File FormatDigital Elevation Model (DEM) represents elevation data points

Represented in the form of a rectangular grid

Elevation points are at regularly spaced horizontal positions

DEM File FormatDEM file formatAn example of DEM ASCII XYZ file is as follows:ncols 6nrows 4xllcorner478575yllcorner4399755cellsize 30NODATA_value -99994245735684544785585955040314113605141899136

Surfer Grid File FormatSurfer Grid file format:Extensively used for surface gridding and contouring programs in earth sciences.

Format is as follows:DSAAncolumnsmrowsxminxmaxyminymaxzminzmaxel11el12el13 . . . el1nel21el22el23 . . . el2n..elm1elm2elm3 . . . elmnSTL File FormatSTL stands for STereoLithographyStandard Tesselation LanguageStandard Triangulation Language

De Facto standard in the additive manufacturing (AM) industry

Represents a 3D model in the form of triangles

STL File FormatAn ASCII STL format looks like:

solid namefacet normal ni nj nk outer loop vertex v1x v1y v1z vertex v2x v2y v2z vertex v3x v3y v3z endloop endfacet endsolid nameSTL File FormatSTL file format:An example STL file is as follows:solid outputfacet normal-1.00.00.0outer loopvertex0.090.0-15.0vertex0.060.0-15.0vertex0.090.0 4.0endloopendfacetfacet normal-1.00.00.0outer loopvertex0.060.0-15.0vertex0.060.0 3.0vertex0.090.0 4.0endloopendfacet---endsolid

VRML File FormatVRML is atext fileformat

File format for describing 3D interactive worlds and objects.

May be used in conjunction with the World Wide Web.

Used to create three-dimensional representations of complex scenes such as virtual reality presentations.

VRML File Format

ReferencesRase, W. D. (2002). Physical models of GIS objects by rapid Prototyping.International Archives of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences,34(4), 430-433.

Modi, Y. K., D. J. De Beer, and Agrawal, S. (2011). Physical modelling of terrain directly from surfer grid and ARC/INFO ASCII data formats.South African Journal of Industrial Engineering.Vol. 23(2). p.p. 230-241.

Agrawal et.al. (2013). Conversion of a GIS surface data directly to a 3D STL part for terrain modelling. Accepted for publication.

Internet Spec List VRML 2.0 Modelling Language Specifications. http://graphcomp.com/info/specs/sgi/vrml/spec/. Accessed October 2013.

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